ʻO ka huahelu Glycemic
Ma kēiaʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka helu o ka pāʻana o nā haʻalulu (ʻo ka glycemic index o ka meaʻai).
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka ikehu no nā kānaka he mau kīhai, hiki ke ʻokoʻa. ʻO ko lākou inoa inoa he gula, a ʻole mau keneta. Hiki ke kūlike i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana me ka huaʻai e like me ka glucose, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e like me ke kōpili a me ka glycogen, a ʻo ka mea paʻakikī loa i ka ʻōhumu nā fibrous a me ka fiber. He mau mea huʻihuʻi ka nui o nā meli māmā, a he maʻalahi hoʻi kā lākou mau molekume, a me ka nui o nā nīnū paʻakikī ka nui o nā kumuhana i ko lākou kikoʻī a, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ʻano molekula makamae ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā minamina:
- nā kalapona paʻakikī, e like me ka oligo - a me nā polysaccharides - ʻo ia ka cellulose, starch, glycogen i loko o ka palaleka a me nā ʻuʻuku (nā huahana e pili ana i kēia mau kālaiʻu paʻakikī - ʻuala, legumes a me nā ʻano cereals).
- nā kalapona maʻalahi, mono- a me nā disaccharides, no ka laʻana, sucrose, fructose, lactose a me glucose,
- nā kalapule fibrous, e like me ka fiber, loaʻa i nā hua a me nā lau.
He aha ka insulin
ʻO ka Insulin kahi mea halihali hoʻokipa e hoʻolako i ka hoʻokele o nā kalapona. I ke kino o ke kanaka, ua hua mai ka pancreas. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kālaiʻu, ʻoi aku ka pono o ke kino i ka insulin hormone. Hiki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka insulin ke kau i ka ʻāpana o ka huehue i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o ka momona, ʻoiai pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu i kahi. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i ka nui o ka insulin i loko o ke kino, ka wikiwiki koke ka piʻi ʻana o kekahi kanaka a lilo i ka piha.
ʻO Glucose ka wahie ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ke kino me ka ikaika wikiwiki no kēlā me kēia hana me ka ikaika nui, e like me ke aʻo ʻana i ka hale hana leʻa a i ʻole jogging ma ke alanui. Hiki i kekahi kalaiwa ke lilo ma kumu kumu no ka ikehu, akā aia wale nō ma hope o ka pau i ka decomposed ke maʻalahi maʻalahi o nā puna - glucose. He glucose ia o nā waiwai e pono ai no ka resynthesis o ka ikehu.
ʻO ka pae nui o ka glucose a me ke kō i loko o ke koko - ke ana ka nui o ka mahele o ke koko o kahi kanaka. I ke kūlana maʻamau, hoʻokahi kākelikō gula me hoʻokahi grama o ke kō. ʻO ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko e hilinaʻi nei i ʻelua mau mea:
- ka nui o nā huamina e hoʻemi ʻia e ke kino,
- ka nui o nā insulin i hana ʻia e ka pancreas i pane ai i ka ʻaina gula.
I ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo pehea e loli ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kōpaʻa koko, e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻano kikoʻī. No ka laʻana, e ala ʻoe i kakahiaka nui, ʻo kāu ʻaʻai koko wikiwiki e hana maʻamau - hoʻokahi grama ma kahi pāhau. A laila ʻai maikaʻi ʻoe i ka ʻōpala, nā ʻuala a i ʻole pasta hoʻi, inu ʻoluʻolu i nā ʻano momona, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka hopena, ua piʻi ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko (ke kī ʻia ʻo ke kōpana kiʻekiʻe ma hyperglycemia).
I ka paneʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka honi i loko o ke kino, ke hoʻoikaika nei ka pancreas i ka hana - hoʻowalewale i ka hana ʻana o insulin - kahi huakaʻi halihali e hōʻemi ana i ka glucose. A ke kumu, loaʻa ka emi ʻana o ke kō koko koko (haʻahaʻa nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hypoglycemia). Ma hope o ke ʻano nui o ke koikoi a me ka haki o ke koko, kahi pae o ke kō, kahi i ka hoʻomaka, hoʻomaka.
Pono kēia ʻano āpau ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ko mākou kūkākūkā hou. E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, he maʻalahi a paʻakikī hoʻi nā ʻōpika. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia kēlā me nā kalepona me kahi puʻupuʻu maʻalahi e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi wikiwiki o ke kō. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia, ʻoiai nā hoʻopili wikiwiki ʻia o nā molekōʻai maʻalahi, a lōʻihi loa nā molekū paʻakikī. No laila, ʻoi aku ka hapanui o nā nutrists e kapa aku i ka palaka māmā i ka wikiwiki a paʻakikī ka palaka. Akā ʻaʻole kēia pēlā.
ʻAʻole pili i ka paʻakikī o ka lālala, i ka helu o kona loli i ka glucose, a ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka helu o kāna hana ʻana e ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO ia, ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano o nā kalapona, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokalakupua i ka helu o kā lākou komo ʻana. Hōʻea loa i loko o ke kō koko koko (kahi kūlana o ka hyperglycemia) ma hope o ke komo ʻana i kekahi mea kālaiʻu i ka minuke 30 mau minuke.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona kuhikuhi Glycemic index
E noʻonoʻo pono i nā kikoʻī o ka nui o ke aniani e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā mea ʻawaʻawa. ʻIke ʻia he nui a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemic index, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka nui o ke kō. Ma muli, aia nā loiloi e hoʻohana i nā kalaka o ke ʻano paʻakikī, ʻano wikiwiki, no laila e piʻi mālie ka pae o ke kō. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he pololei kēia loiloi, akā ua ʻokoʻa ka manaʻo.
ʻO kahi kuhikuhi glycemic index (GI) kahi hōʻailona o ke kaʻe o nā kalapona, ʻaʻole wikiwiki, akā helu. No laila ua like ka wikiwiki. ʻO nā huahana āu e ʻai ai - mai ka buckwheat a i ʻole ka mea laiki i ka hoʻonohonoho i ka meli a i ʻole ka maʻalahi i ka hoʻopili i ka hui ʻana, e hele mau ana ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i loko o ke kanaka i ka hapalua hola. ʻAʻole iʻoi aʻe ka ʻokoʻa i ka wikiwiki, akā i ka nui o ke kō i hoʻopau ʻia, akā e hoʻokaʻawale, a ʻoi aku. ʻOkoʻa nā huahana a pau mai kekahi i kekahi, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi kā lākou hiki ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ke kō o ke kō koko koko, no laila ʻokoʻa kā lākou glycemic index.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka pauku i ka paʻakū, ʻoi ka hiki iā ia ke hoʻāla i ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko kanaka, kēlā, kēia haʻahaʻa iā GI. ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka kalama, ʻoi aku ka hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ke kō i ke koko, a no laila e nui aʻe ka GI.
He mea nui hoʻi kēlā manawa. I ka wā hoʻolapalapa o ka huahana iho, e loli ana kona GI. E lilo ana kēia hōʻailona i ka ʻoi aku ka nui, ka hohonu hohonu o ka wela wela o ka mea laʻa. No ka laʻana, kahi ʻuala kuke i loaʻa i kahi GI o 70, a i nā pulupulu kōkuhulu koke ka GI o 90.
Nui! ʻO nā kāmekūkī e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka mālama wela e hoʻonui i kā GI, a i kahi nui aʻe, hoʻāla i ke kōhi koko.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kuhikuhiʻana o ka glycemic o nā haʻahaʻaina e kekahi mea nui - ʻo ka ʻike o ka lehelehe i ka mea uka. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau ka laiki, ka mea, ma kona ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, he GI ʻo 70, a i kahi mea ʻike ʻole ʻia, 50. ʻO nā huahana i hana ʻia mai ka palaoa i loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o ka fiber, a ʻo kā lākou GI ke kiʻekiʻe, akā inā mākou e hoʻohālikelike i ka palaoa i kā ʻia mai ka palaoa piha, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa GI o 35, aia ka palaoa polū he GI o 50.
Nui! Aia ka nui o ka fiber i ka paʻakai, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka GI, a no ia e hoʻonui ai i ke kō o ke koko i ka liʻiliʻi.
He maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka kalapona.
Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i kou helehelena a me ke olakino olakino e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko. Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō i ka nui o ka kō i ke kanaka i lilo i nāwaliwali, maʻi a me ka momona. ʻO ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pau aʻe o ka honi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka helehelena a hoʻonui i ke olakino o ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa.
No laila, e hōʻoia i ka olakino a me ka hele maikaʻi, ʻo kēlā mau ʻano o ka nui i nā haʻalulu he haʻahaʻa glycemic index - hōʻiliʻili nā kākoi - kūpono loa ia. Mahalo i nā haʻalulu paʻakikī, hana ʻia ka insulin i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a ʻaʻole pono ke kino e hoʻopakele i ka ikehu ka nui o ke kō.
Hiki i ka hopena aʻe: hoʻopōʻino nā kalona, a he maikaʻi nā mea paʻakikī. Eia naʻe, ma kēia hopena aia kahi mau nuances: pili kēia ʻōlelo. Ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka hiki ke loaʻa o ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano maikaʻi i nā powa e hoʻonui ai i ke kōpaʻa koko me ka haʻi ʻole ʻana i kā lākou nui. No ka mea, inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka nui o nā ʻano o nā mea laila nui i ka nui loa, hiki i ke kō o ke koko ke ʻano ʻoi loa ka nui ma mua o nā mea kala māmā.
Akā i kēlā me kēia mea, nā pahuhopu paʻakikī e like me ka buckwheat, laiki, kahi oatmeal, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pasta i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā pōpoki, nā keke a me nā ʻoluʻolu ʻē aʻe. A inā e hoʻohui ʻoe iā lākou i ka meaʻai me nā momona (nā lau a me nā huaʻai), e hoʻohui i nā ʻōmole holoholona iā lākou, no ka laʻana, ka iʻa, ka hua manu, ka moa, a laila e like me ka mea like me ke olakino a like me ka hiki.
Hiki paha ke ʻai i nā haʻalulu māmā a ma lalo o nā kūlana
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā mea hōʻeha "nā paʻapū" kūpono loa i nā liʻiliʻi ʻelua.
- ke hoʻopau ʻana i kāu ʻōpio,
- ma hope o ke ala ʻana o kakahiaka.
ʻO ka hihia mua - ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana - me ka nui o ka ikehu i hoʻopau ʻia e ke kino, e wehe ana kahi puka hāmai-kalākaʻi pale. He mau momona maʻalahi ka mea e kōkua koke i ke pani ʻana i kēia puka aniani a me ka hoʻihoʻi i ke kino. Ke lawe wikiwiki nei i ka mauʻu māmā ma hope o ka hana ʻana, hiki ke lawelawe ʻia kēia me ka anti-catabolic a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kou mau iwi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ke kino ka ikaika mai ka protein, akā 100% pololei mai nā glucose. Akā inā ʻo kāu pahuhopu e puhi i ka momona, a laila ʻaʻole pono kēia, no ka mea e alakaʻi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hana momona momona.
ʻO ka hihia ʻelua - i ke kakahiaka ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana o ka pō - ʻo nā paʻapaʻi maʻalahi i ka hoʻolālā e hiki ke lilo i ala maikaʻi loa no ka hōʻiliʻili hou ʻana i nā calcium, ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka pō, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻoe ʻai. No laila, hiki i nā kalaiwa maʻalahi e lawe i ke kino me ka ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kalapika paʻakikī i ke kakahiaka.
Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka index glycemic a hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o nā haʻalulu
No ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka GI, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi papa kuhikuhi glycemic no nā huahana like ʻole. Me kāna kōkua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi i kāuʻano ponoʻī a hoʻolilo i ke olakino. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe:
- E makemake i nā meaʻai GI haʻahaʻa
- inā inā e ʻai ʻoe i kahi huahana me ka GI kiʻekiʻe, a laila e hoʻāʻo ʻole e hōʻino iā ia, no ka mea, ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka emi ʻana o nā huahana.
ʻO kēia mau ʻōlelo kō ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole paʻakikī i ka pili pono iā lākou. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e:
- ka nui o nā paʻuhū me nā GI kiʻekiʻe no nā kino,
- nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me nā GI kiʻekiʻe - maʻamau (akā, ʻaʻohe manaʻo o ka piha)
- liʻiliʻi nā hāmeʻe me ka GI haʻahaʻa - maikaʻi (a piha ʻoe)
- ka nui o nā paʻū ma ka haʻahaʻa GI (hapai) - maikaʻi loa,
- ka nui o nā kāmeʻa me kahi haʻahaʻa o GI a me ka protein, he nui wale nō ia, no ka mea, e hoʻolōʻihi nā protein a me ka fiber i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoliʻi o ka lolo.
Pono ʻoe e ʻike he nui nā hui o kēia wā e hana i nā meaʻai me ka GI kiʻekiʻe a me ka liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā huahana no nā mea hana, no ka mea he ʻoi aku ka huahana, a ua mākaukau nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻai i kekahi mea, ʻoi loa nā poʻe makemake i nā ʻano momona a pau. Akā ʻo ke aloha o ka meaʻai wikiwiki a me nā ʻapo hoʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i ka holo ʻana o nā maʻi āpau - ka maʻi diabetes, ka momona, ka atherosclerosis.
Eia nā mea nui e pono ai e ʻike e pili ana i ka paukū glycemic index. E nānā i kāu ʻai. Inā ʻo GI o ka huahana ma luna o 50, pono maoli kēia. E hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a hoʻohiolo i nā kalapona maʻalahi no ka ʻai.
ʻO ka kalapona, ka huaʻōlelo glycemic
ʻO nā kākowaowaena he mau mea ia e hana ʻia ana nā molekōna, carbon a me ka hydrogen. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hana metabolism, e hoʻohuli lākou i ka glucose - kahi waiwai kumu nui no ke kino.
ʻO ka glycemia - kiʻekiʻe i ke kō (koko)
ʻO ka Glucose ka mea nui e pono ai ka "wahie" no ke kino. E māʻalo ana i ke koko a waiho ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka glucogen ma nā pūpū a me ka puʻuwai.
ʻO ka glucose glucose (like me ke kō) ka nui o ke koena o ka glucose i ka nui o ke koko. Ma kahi honu ʻōpū, ʻo ia ka 1 g no 1 lita o ke koko. Ke pau ka paʻakai (ka ʻai, ka meli, ke kō, nā cereals, maloʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma ka ʻōpū ʻole o ka hakahaka, hoʻololi ke ʻano o ke kōʻai koko: penei: Ua piʻi ka pae i ka glucose - ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo hyperglycemia (i kahi ʻoi nui a ʻoi aku paha - e hilinaʻi nei ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kākala ), a laila ma hope o ka pancreas i hūnā i ka insulin, e hoʻoneʻe ana ke kō o ke koko (hypoglycemia) a hoʻi hou i kona pae mua, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pakuhi i ka ʻaoʻao 36.
I kekahi mau makahiki, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka nui o nā huapalapala i ʻelua mau ʻāpana, ma muli o ka manawa o ke aʻa ʻia e ke kino: ke kō wikiwiki a me ka hoʻōla wikiwiki.
ʻO ka manaʻo o ka "kōʻai wikiwiki" ua komo i ke kō a me ka hoʻōho pālua, e like me ka glucose a me ka sucrose, aia i loko o ke kō aniani (gula kō, a me nāʻu), ka meli a me nā hua.
ʻO ka inoa "paʻakai wikiwiki" ka wehewehe i ka manaʻo nui a, no ka maʻalahi o ka molekio aolaʻai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ke kino iā ia, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
A ʻo ka māhele o ka "gula kōkuhilohi" ka mea āpau a pau, ʻo ka molekini paʻakikī i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohuli ʻia i ka gula māmā (glucose) i loko o ke kaʻina hana ʻana. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻo nā huahana starchy, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ai ka glucose, e like me ka mea maʻamau, i lohi a lohi.
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻopuka nui loa kēia papa inoa iā ia iho a ua manaʻo ʻia he hewa.
ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hou hou nei e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolālā o nā pauku e kūleʻa ana i ka hopena o ko lākou hoʻololi i ka glucose, a ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka helu o ke kūmole ʻana e ke kino.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ka pihi i loko o ke kō koko koko (hyperglycemia) pili i ka hapalua hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi ʻano o kālai ʻia i kahi ʻōpū ʻole. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka helu o ka komo ʻana o nā kalapona, akā e pili ana i kā lākou hopena ma ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma luna o ka pakuhi i luna.
Ua hele mai nā poʻe loea meaʻai e hoʻemi ʻia nā mea kanu e like me kā lākou mea i kapa ʻia ka hyperglycemic potential, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka glycemic index.
ʻO ka huahelu Glycemic
ʻO ka hiki i nā kākoi ke hana i ka piʻi o ke kō o ke koko (hyperglycemia) i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka glycemic index. Ua hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia kēia huaʻina ma 1976.
ʻO ke aniani glycemic kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hyperglycemia i hōʻeha ʻia e ka hakakā ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike ia me kahi mahele o ka waiwaiʻā, kahi e pae ai ma ka pakuhi i kahi pihi o ka hyperglycemia i loaʻa mai ke kahe o ke kō. Inā lawe ʻia ka glycemic index o ka glucose ka mea o 100, a laila e hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka mākeke o nā ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano aʻe:
Ke Alanui Welu ʻo Carbon
ʻO ka Hōʻawale ʻo Glucose
ʻO ia ka mea, ʻo ka ikaika nui o ka hyperglycemia o ka analisa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemic index.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he hiki ke hoʻomohala ka hana hoʻomehana i nā huahana. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka glycemic index of corn flakes he 85, a ʻo ka palaoa mai kahi i hana ʻia ai lākou he 70. ʻO nā hua kanu huaʻai ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi glycemic index o 90, a me nā ʻuala kūlohelohe - 70.
ʻIke pū kekahi iā mākou e pili ana ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o ka lau o indigestible i loko o kahi huakaula i ke kaʻe glycemic. No laila, he mau huaʻai keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi glycemic index o 95, nā pōpō keʻokeʻo - 70, berena wholemeal - 50, berena lāwī - 35, raiki kulu 70, unpeeled 50.
Papa Palapala Kūlana Glycemic
E like me kāu e ʻike ai mai ka papaʻaina, aia nā "momona maikaʻi" (me kahi haʻahaʻa glycemic index) a me ka "maikaʻi" (kiʻekiʻe glycemic index) mau kalepona, ka mea pinepine, e like me kāu e ʻike ai ma hope, i ke kumu o kou momona momona loa.
Pāʻaleʻa kikukūlū index glycemic kiʻekiʻe
Hoʻopili kēia i nā mea āpau a pau i kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka glucose o ke koko, e alakaʻi ana i ka hyperglycemia. Pōhoihoi, ke loaʻa nei kēia mau mea kanu i ka glycemic index ma mua o 50.
ʻO kēia ma ka meli keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma kona ʻano maʻa a i hui pū paha me nā huahana ʻē aʻe, e like me nā keke, nā sweets. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kēia me nā meaʻai a pau i hana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka papa palaoa keʻokeʻo, ka lae keʻokeʻo, ka ʻona, ka wai ʻona, nā ʻuala a me ka palaoa.
"Maʻa" maikaʻi index glycemic haʻahaʻa
ʻAʻole e like me nā "ʻino" maikaʻi, "maikaʻi" ke hoʻopili wale ʻia e ke kino a no laila ʻaʻole kumu e hoʻonui i ka kōhi koko. He pelekikena "maikaʻi" loaʻa i ka kuhikuhi glycemic ma lalo o 50.
ʻO ka mea mua, he lūlū lau a me ka waiwai o ka huahana - nā pīni a me nā lentil, a me ka nui o nā hua a me nā mea ʻai (lettuce, turnips, beans green, leeks, etc.), nā mea he nui ka pili a me ka glucose haʻahaʻa.