Dalacin (kapo): nā kauoha no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Kapuai 150 mg, 300 mg

Hoʻokahi nō i lawe ʻia ma:

ka waiwai hana clindamycin hydrochloride 177.515 mg a i ʻole 355.030 mg (e like me clindamycin 150 mg a 300 mg),

nā mea waiwai: nā kaʻiea magnesium, ka mākeu palaoa, talc, ka lōpose lactose,

nīpana ihi kiaʻi: titanium dioxide (E 171), gelatin.

ʻO nā kapula gelatin opaque gel me ka uhi a me ke kino keʻokeʻo, ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele i paʻi ʻia i ka hōʻailona "Pfizer" a me ke code "Clin 150". ʻO nā mea o nā pulupapa ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (no kahi ala o 150 mg).

ʻO nā kapula gelatin opaque gel me ka uhi a me kahi kino keʻokeʻo, ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele i paʻi ʻia i ka hōʻailona "Pfizer" a me ke code "Clin 300". ʻO nā kiko o nā kapsul he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (no kahi laʻe o 300 mg).

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha, clindamycin wikiwiki a kahakaha holoʻokoʻa (90% o ka nui i lawe ʻia).

Hoʻokomo ka ʻai ʻaʻai i ka ʻai i ka ʻai o ke kaila i loko o ke koko koko.

Nā kikowaena serum

I ka poʻe olakino olakino, ʻike ʻia ka pileleka o ka pīpī plasma e pili ana i ka 2-3 mg / L a nānā ʻia i hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka mālama waha waha he 150 mg o clindamycin hydrochloride a 4-5 mau lā / L ma hope o ka lawelawe waha o 300 mg. A laila, hāʻule ka hoʻolapalapa o ka plasma, e waiho ana ma luna o 1 mg / L no kahi o 6 mau hola.
Hoʻonui ka uʻi Plasma i nā laina e like me ka hoʻonui o ka maʻa i lawe ʻia.
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka serum ma lalo o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi ma mua o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.
ʻO ka awelika hapalua hapalua o clindamycin mai serum he 2.5 mau hola.

Palapala ʻaila Plasma

ʻO ka pilina ʻana i ka protein plasma mai 80 a 94%.

Ka hūʻī i loko o nā ʻili a me nā ʻano o ke kino

Hoʻalahalaha nui ʻia ʻo Clindamycin i nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe loa i nā puna extracellular a me intracellular a i nā kiko. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i loko o ka wai o ka cerebrospinal.

Hoʻomili ka Clindamycin i ka pīpī.

Ma kahi o 10% o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hana ikaika neʻe i loko o ka pāʻai a me ka 3.6% e hoʻopiʻi ʻia i loko o nā feces. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke koena i ka mea he metabolites hema ʻole.

ʻAʻole i loli iki nā mea hoʻopiʻi clindamycin ma muli o ka hemodialysis a i kēlā me kēia dialysis peritoneal.

Hoʻohana ka palena iki o ka mahele o ke ʻano liʻiliʻi o ka pale o ka pale (MIC) e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā mea kanu hiki i ka lāʻau, nā mea ola me ka hiki ke kikowaena, a me nā mea ola me nā mea hiki ʻole i nā mea kūlohelohe.

S ≤ 2 mg / L a me R> 2 mg / L.

He ʻano ʻē paha ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pale kū i kekahi mau ʻano i pili i ka ʻāina kikoʻī a i ʻole ke manawa, a makemake ʻia e loaʻa i ka ʻike i nā ʻano kūloko o ka laha o ka kūʻē ʻana, i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻino. Hāʻawi wale kēia ʻikepili i kahi manaʻo kokoke i ka hiki o ka hiki ʻana o nā mea ola me kēia antibiotic.

ʻO nā cocci kūpono maikaʻi Gram, kahi o:

- Streptococci ʻaʻole i pili i kekahi o nā hui

He gram-kāmela maikaʻi ʻole, e pili pū me:

- Clostridium (koe wale nō kahi palahalaha a me ka difficile)

- Enterococci (koe wale ʻokoʻa ʻo Enterococcus faecium)

Nā huaʻai aerobic Gram-maikaʻi

- Kahi-grili lau ʻole maikaʻi

- (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, etc.)

Hōʻike ʻo Clindamycin i ka vitro a ma nā hana vivo e kū kūʻē iā Toxoplasma gondii.

* ʻO ka pale nui o ka pale kūlohelohe methicillin ma kahi o 30 i 50% no ka staphylococci āpau a nānā nui ʻia i kahi kahua hoʻomaha.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Clindamycin no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻino i hoʻoiho ʻia e nā microorganisms hiki aʻe.

- nā maʻi o ka pepeiao, ka ihu a me ka ʻāʻī

- ka maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻōpū lawelawe,

ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe i nā maʻi meningeal, ʻoiai inā lākou i hoʻokō ʻia e nā microorganisms hiki ʻole, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia i kuhi ka Dalacin® i ka waiu cerebrospinal i loko o nā kālā lapaʻau kūpono.

Ke kāohi ʻana o ka endocarditis infectious i ka mālama niho dpatient a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha o ka ʻeha ʻana i nā maʻi me nā mea maʻi i ka alapi-beta lactams.

Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ke kulekele kūikawā no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o nā mea antibacterial agents.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko, i mea e pale aku ai i ka huhū o ka esophagus, pono e holoi ʻia nā kapaka i piha i kahi wai piha (250 ml).

ʻO ka maʻa maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā he 600-11800 mg / lā, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 2, 3 a i ʻole 4 mau like. ʻO ka palena loa o kēlā me kēia lā he 2400 mg.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi Pediatric

Nā kaha o ka 8-25 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā, i māhele ʻia i 3 a i ʻole he 4 mau haʻahaʻa.

Hoʻohana ʻia i nā keiki inā hiki iā lākou ke ale i ka pulapona holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi

ʻO nā haʻawina ʻo Pharmacokinetic ma hope o ka hoʻokele waha a intravenous o clindamycin ʻaʻole i hōʻike i nā mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā poʻe ʻōpio a me nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana o ka ate a me ka maʻi maʻamau (ke nānā ʻana i ka makahiki) hana hana. Ma kēia mea, ʻaʻole ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā minamina i nā poʻe maʻi ʻelemakule me ka hana o ka ate maʻamau a me ke ʻano maʻamau.

ʻO ka maʻi me ka hana renal impaired

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi papau, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻaina o clindamycin.

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka hana pūlima hemahema

I nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi hepatic, ʻaʻole pono nā koi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o clindamycin.

Nā pāʻālua no nā hōʻike kūikawā

Hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus

ʻO nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī kāwili i ka dosis ma luna o nā pākeke a me nā keiki. Pono e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomehana no ka liʻiliʻi o 10 mau lā.

Ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā tonsillitis streptococcal a pharyngitis paha

ʻO ka dosis i ʻōlelo ʻia he 300 mg ʻelua i kēlā me kēia lā no 10 mau lā.

Hoʻopukaʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻana i nā maʻi pelvic

Pono ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau me ka hoʻonā intravenous Dalacin C Phosphate (ma kahi pāʻālua 900 mg i kēlā me 8 mau hola i hui pū ʻia me kahi antibiotic intravenous me kahi kikoʻī kūpono o nā hana kūʻē e kūʻē i nā microorganism o ka grobile-hewa, no ka laʻana, me ka gentamorin ma kahi o 2,0 mg / kg, a ukali ʻia e ka make o 1.5 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia 8 mau hola i nā mea maʻi me ka hana maʻamau maʻamau. Pono ka hoʻokele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomau no ka liʻiliʻi o 4 mau lā a ma kahi o nā hola 48 ma hope o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi.

A laila, hoʻomau ʻoe e lawe i Dalacin® ma ke ʻano ma kahi o 450-600 mg i kēlā me 6 mau hola o kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana me ka lōʻihi o 10-14 lā.

Hoʻokomo a me nā maʻi pūpū

ʻO ka ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia he 7.5 mg / kg i kēlā me 6 hola.

Kāohi i ka endocarditis i nā mea maʻi me ka mālama penicillin

I nā maʻi maʻi ʻōpiopio, ʻo ka pona i manaʻo ʻia he 600 mg 1 hola ma mua o ke kaʻina hana; nā keiki: 20 mg / kg 1 hola ma mua o ke kaʻina hana.

Nā Hoʻohui

- hypersensitivity i ka clindamycin mea waiwai ikaika, lincomycin a i ʻole kekahi o nā mea hoʻokalakupua

- nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki

- mua ka trimester o ka hāpai a me ka lactation

- he hemahema ka maʻi lactase, uluola fructose intolerance, glucose / galactose malabsorption syndrome

Hoʻopili i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻĀpana K

Hoʻohui i ka hopena anti-vitamin K a me / a i ʻole ke kahe, ke nānā pinepine nei i ka 'ōlelo maʻamau maʻamau (INR). Inā kūpono, e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ka antivitamin K i ka wā ʻo ka clindamycin therapy a ma hope o kona haʻalele ʻana.

Meo no ka hoʻohana topical i nā maʻi o ka gastrointestinal tract, antacids a me nā adsorbents

Meo no ka hoʻohana topical i nā maʻi o ka gastrointestinal tract, charcoal activated a me nā antacids (alumini, calcium, a me ka paʻakai magnesium) e lākou iho a i hui pū ʻia me nā alginates e hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻana o kekahi mau lāʻau kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻeha gastrointestinal. I waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoemi ai i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka ʻeha gastrointestinal ʻo ka acetylsalicylic acid, H2-blockers a lansoprazole, bisphosphonates, exchangers cation, antibiotics o kekahi mau papa (fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines a lincosamides) a me kekahi mau lāʻau anti-TB, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka digitalis, heʻano thyroid, phenothiazine antipsychotics, sulpiride, kekahi beta-blockers, penicillamine, ʻona (hao, phosphorus, fluorine), chloroquine, ulipristal a fexofenadine.

Me ka makaʻala, pono e lawe ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohana topical i nā maʻi o ka pēpē o ka gastrointestinal a i ʻole nā ​​antacids me kekahi manawa manawa e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (inā hiki, ʻelua mau hola).

Hoemi ʻia ke kahe o ke koko o ka lāʻau immunosuppressive e pili ana i ka hopena o ka nalowale o ka hopena immunosuppressive. Ka mālama pinepine ʻana o nā hoʻoulu ʻana o ka cyclosporine i ke koko a, inā pono, he piʻi ma loko o kona nui.

Hoemi ʻia ke kahe o ke koko o ka lāʻau immunosuppressive e pili ana i ka hopena o ka nalowale o ka hopena immunosuppressive. ʻO ka nānā pinepine ʻana i nā loiloi o ka tacrolimus i ke koko a, inā pono, he piʻi ma loko o kona nui.

Nā pilikia kikoʻī e pili ana i nā loli INR

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā nui o nā hana antivitamin K i hōʻike ʻia i nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka antibiotics. Ma muli o nā hopena koʻikoʻi ka huhū o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka hoʻoweliweli, a me ka makahiki a me ke ʻano maʻamau o ka mea maʻi. I ia mau kūlana, he paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo i ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana i loko o ka INR - maʻi a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, kekahi mau papa o nā ʻikepili e pili ana i kēia hanana i ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka fluoroquinolones, macrolides, cyclins, cotrimoxazole a me kekahi cephalosporins.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

ʻO Pseudomembranous colitis a me ka colitis e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i mālama ʻia me ka aneane āpau o nā antibacterial āpau, me ka clindamycin, a me kā lākou hōʻeha hiki ke hoʻoweliweli mai ka māmā a me ka hoʻoweliweli. No laila, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i kēia maʻi inā inā ulu ka lolo i ka wā a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana o kekahi antibiotic. Inā ulu ka colitis e pili ana i ka antibiotika, e hoʻopau koke iā clindamycin, pono e kūkākūkā ʻia ke kauka a hoʻomaka ʻia nā lāʻau kūpono, e komo pū me ke ʻano kūikawā e kūleʻa ana iā Clostridium difficile. I kēia kūlana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻae ana i ka ʻōpū o ka peʻa.

Hiki i ke hypersensitivity a me nā hopena alia ke ʻano, me ka hopena o ka anaphylactic i hiki ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia i ke ola. I kēlā mau hihia, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia clindamycin a hoʻomaka ʻia ka lāʻau kūpono.

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Clindamycin me ka mālama aka i ka poʻe maʻi me ka mōʻaukala o ka hānō a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke ʻano ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ka mālama ʻana i ka erythema i ʻōlapa me ka maʻi a me ka pustules he hōʻailona paha o ka pustulosis exanthematou e hele nui, pono e hooki ʻia ka lāʻau, ke hoʻohana hou ʻia nā clindamycin e contraindicated.

Hōʻeha ka hana ʻoluʻolu

I ka hihia o ka hana pale ʻaia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā nui o ka serum clindamycin a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kona mau hapalua.

I ka hihia o ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau, pono e kiaʻi pono i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ke koko, nā aʻolo o ka naʻau a me nā hana o ka pēpē.

ʻO ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā antibiotics, no ka wā lōʻihi loa, hiki ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano a me ke koho ʻana i nā maʻi i hoʻēmi ʻia ʻole a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā fungi. I ka hihia o ka superinfection, pono ia e hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau kūpono.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻo Dalacin® e mālama i ka meningitis, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i komo nui ka clindamycin i loko o ke kahe cerebrospinal.

Loaʻa ka Dalacin® i ka lactose. Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka poʻe maʻi me ka intolerance lactose, ka nele o ka lactase a i ʻole glucose a me ka galactose malabsorption syndrome (maʻi maʻamau o nā hoʻoilina).

I loko o nā haʻawina embryonic o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pūpū, ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi ma luna o ka pūpū, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā hihia hoʻomalu i nā maʻi kīnā ʻole i ka makuahine.

Clindamycin e hele i ka plasenta.

Hoʻohui ka ʻike i ka hopena o ka clindamycin i ka wā ʻōnaehana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā ma mua o ka trimester mua o ka hapai.

Ma nā hua nui he nui i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana o clindamycin i ka hapalua o ke kolu o ka hapalua a me ke kolu o ka hapai, ʻaʻohe mea i loaʻa i ka ulia o ka mau mea pōpilikia congenital.

No laila, hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻike i loaʻa, ʻaʻole ia e manaʻo i hoʻohana i ka clindamycin i ka manawa mua o ka trimester o ka hapai.

Inā pono, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kauka komo, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka clindamycin i ka wā hapalua a me ke kolu o ka hapaha.

Ua hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo Clindamycin i loko o nā ʻike liʻiliʻi i ka umauma umauma. Aia kahi pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia gastrointestinal i nā pēpē. No laila, me ka makaʻala nui, pono ke pale i ka ʻōpiopio i ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike i nā lālani i mālama ʻia me ka clindamycin i ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka momona a i ʻole ka hiki ai o ka mare ʻana.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hiki ke hoʻokau i ka kaʻa a hana me nā mea hoʻomohala pilikia

ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ʻo Dalacin® i ka hiki ke hoʻokau i nā kaʻa a hana me nā mīkini hana a i ʻole ke hoʻopili ʻia i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi.