Diagnosis a me ka mālama ʻana i ka arthropathy neuropathic maʻi

ʻAʻole maopopo i nā kumu kumu o ka hoʻopihapiha hoʻoheheʻe ʻōiwi. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ua lilo ka ʻili i nā maʻi me kahi pane maʻamau o ka ʻano mea e hoʻopale ai i nā mea lawelawe maʻi maʻi.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi me ka pōʻino piʻi pūpū. Ma muli o ka hana hewa ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōhua o ke ʻano he haole. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā Antibodies e hoʻopili ai i ka cartilage a me nā tendons. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ke hōʻeha i ka arthritis react ma muli o ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā pathogens.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ulu ka maʻi mai nā mau hebedoma a 1 i ka mahina ma hope o nā maʻi hopohopo o ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary, intestins a i ʻole ka ea.

ʻO nā microorganisms maʻamau e kū nei i ka react arthritis ʻo nā:

• E. coli
• myopoplasma
• chlamydia
• Shigella
• salmonella
• ʻalemakua.

Wahi a nā heluʻepekema, pinepine pinepine ka arthropathies ma hope o kahi maʻi chlamydial.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi

Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi maʻi i kekahi ma kekahi mau pūpuna i ka manawa. Hoʻopilikia pinepine nā kūpuna nui o nā hakahaka haʻahaʻa: nā kuli, nā ʻūhā, a me nā ʻūhā wāwae nui.

Hoʻohui pinepine, a me nā manamana lima, ua hōʻe ʻia nā ʻokoʻa o ka nunu. Hoʻopilikia pū ka Arthropathy i nā capsules hui.

Nā hōʻike hoʻohālikelike o ka maʻi:

• hoʻoweliweli ka ʻekemu i nā asymmetrically, hiki i kekahi mau ʻāpana ke hoʻopili, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wāwae, hoʻopiʻi ka mea maʻi i ka ʻeha, paʻakikī, ʻāwili a me nā mea hoʻoweliweli o ka neʻe.
• kūkulu ka wai i loko o ka hoʻopili
• i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka anamnesis, huli ia i loko o kekahi mau hebedoma ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau, maʻi ka mea maʻi i kahi huhū a hōʻeha paha i ka ʻōnaehana urinary (urethritis, cystitis),

Aia pū me nā ʻōpū, nā māhā waha o ka maka, ke kanalelo urinary, nā kaʻū a me nā alelo.

ʻO ka puka ʻana nā mea i like me nā pakū e kū i ka ʻili o nā lima a me nā wāwae. ʻO nā nīpī lymph, pinepine ka inguinal, pili pū i ka hana. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, hiki mai ka pōʻino o ka naʻau.

Naʻi hoʻolika

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka pae o ka naʻau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hōʻike loea Semema-Weinehayn.

Inā holomua ka maʻi maʻi, hiki iā ia ke kuhihewa i ka ʻoeʻomaʻi, a me kahi ʻano hou, no ka osteomyelitis.

I ka palpation i ka hui pū ʻana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka osteophytes a me kahi hapa nui o ka wai o synovial, aia kahi palena i ka holo ʻana. I ka hapa hapa, ʻo ka periarticular fluid he xanthochromic a hemorrhagic. ʻO ka huhū i ka manawa like ʻaʻole paha e hanohano loa.

Pono e hoʻokaʻawale kēia ʻano kuʻuna mai nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOkoʻa nā maʻi ʻokoʻa ʻole:

• Hōʻike ʻia me Milwaukee
• osteomyelitis
• nā maʻi ʻaia
• uʻi
• kohola
• nā lua o nā kalima,
• alohialoha,
• osteonecrosis, etc.

ʻO nā ala e mālama ai ka maʻi maʻamau e hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻopili ʻana. Inā pili ka maʻi i ka papa remodeling, e hana ʻia ka hana ʻana e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha a hoʻokau i ka umauma.

Pono nā maʻi maʻi maʻi e nānā pono i kekahi pōʻino a nānā pinepine ʻia e nā kauka a no ka mea ʻoiai nā pathologies i pale koke lākou i ka holo ʻana o ka maʻi.

He aha ka mea hoʻohui pūpū?

Na mākau He maʻi maʻi ka maʻi ʻokoʻa e ka pōʻino (puhi) o nā kihi o ka pākuʻina. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kaʻina hana e alakaʻi i ka hoʻopōʻino a me ka hana o nā ʻāpana like ʻole intraarticular a me ke kaapuni āpau ma ke ʻano he nui holoʻokoʻa i alakaʻi i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā ʻeha a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i ka lāʻau hōʻailona ke hopena:

• ʻO nā lili Hip
• nā kuli piko
• mea kuʻekuʻe wāwae
• ʻohui o ka wāwae
• ʻāhā poʻohiwi
• mau kuʻekuʻe
• nā hui pū lima
• nā kuʻekuʻe lima
• nā kuʻekuʻe pūpū
• mandibular hui a pēlā aku.

Hiki ke loli nui ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā ʻili i ke ʻano a me ka hana i hana ʻia, akā like ko lākou ʻano. Hōʻike kēia i ka like o nā hōʻailona ma ka hoʻowalewua ʻokoʻa i nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino.

Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻili i hōʻike ʻia:

• Nā ʻōpū ʻili o nā iwi. Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mea like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻano maʻa o nā iwi ʻelua. I nā ʻāpana like ʻole, ua loaʻa nā ʻano ʻanikiki i nā ʻano like ʻole a pau, akā naʻe, ua uhi ʻia lākou a pau me ka carteliage articular kiko. Kūpono ʻia nā pālolo ma ka kiko o ka hyaline, ʻaʻole i loko o nā moku koko a mea ʻole paha. ʻO kā lākou hana nui o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻenehana articular o nā iwi mai ka deformation i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana i ka maʻa.
• Kāne paʻa. ʻO ka palupili hui pū ʻia he membrane ʻiliʻili ākea e hoʻopuni piha ai i ka ʻili o nā ʻano o nā iwi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka iwi hoʻohui. ʻOi aku ka ʻaoʻao ma waho e hana a hana pono.
• ʻO ka membrane synovial (membrane). ʻO ka membrane synovial ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka capsule kuʻuna, waiwai i loko o ke koko koko a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka nerve. ʻO ka vasculature o ka membrane synovial e hana mau i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka synovial fluid, ka mea e hoʻopiha i ka likia paʻa. ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻopā ʻana ma waena o ka papa articular i ka wā o neʻe. Loaʻa iā ia kahi mau minela a me nā mea kanu momona, e pāʻani ana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ponoʻana i ka cartilage articular. He kiʻi spongy ka ʻano artilial, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i ka wai synovial ke komo i loko o lākou. I ka wā o ka ukana ma luna o ka pānaʻi, i hoʻohuihui ʻia ka iwi ʻōpala a i ʻā ʻia ka wai mai loko mai o ka lua. Ma hope o ka hoʻopauʻana i ka ukana, hoʻonui hou ka cartilage, ka "hānai" i kahi hou (momona i nā minerala a me nā mea momona) synovial fluid.
• Ligities o ka hui pū. Hiki i nā lula hui ke kū ʻia ma ka lua o ka palu (no ka laʻana, i ke kuli ʻāʻuli) a ma waho o ia mea, e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka pahu kuʻi. ʻO kā lākou hana nui e hōʻoia i ka ikaika o ka nui.

Me ka hoʻolālāʻana o ka lāʻau kuʻekuʻe, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka hui pū. Inā ʻaʻole pau ka hopena kumu, hiki i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o ka maʻi hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka loli ʻana o nā loli hou ʻole, ma muli o ke kumu e nalowale ai ka hana a me ke ʻano o ke kino (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka mobility i laila e pau loa).

Noho Kaulepiha

ʻOiai ke kumu o ka mumū, hoʻomohala ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpū e like me ka like. Ke kū nei i ka mea pili i ke ala palolo, maʻi i nā hanana o nā hana intraarticular āpau. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina hana a me ka membrane synovial e alakaʻi i kāna edema a me ka microcirculation impaired i loko, i kaʻi ʻia me ka hala o ke koko a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kahe koko. Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka uku o ka pā vascular, ka hapa wai o ke koko mai ka moe vascular a hiki i ka lua hui pū ʻana a hui pū me ka wai synovial, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale i kāna mau meaʻai a me ka hana palekana. Ke hoʻomau nei ka maʻi ʻōhumu, hoʻāla ʻia nā nui o nā ʻōnaehana o ka maʻi (leukocytes) i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻa, e kākoʻo ana i ka hana ʻeha a waiho hou i nā pōʻino i nā mea intraarticular.

ʻO ka hopena o ke kaʻina o ke kulana ma ke kau ka hopena ma muli o ke kumu, a ma ke ʻano no ka mālama ʻana. Me ka wehe ʻana i ka manawa kūpono o ka mea hōʻinoʻino i nā hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o nā hana i hoʻopau ʻia a me ka nalo ʻana o nā hōʻailona āpau.Ma ka manawa like, me ka nui o ka holomua lōʻihi o ke ala pathological, kahi mānoanoa o ka membrane synovial a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana o ka nui o nā kaha intraarticular, ka luku ʻana i ka cartilage articular a me nā hōʻino i ka ʻike articular o nā iwi e hele mai. I ka wā mua, alakaʻi kēia i ka kaupalena ʻana, a laila i ka pau ʻole o ka holo kelepona ʻana i nā ʻanekau i hoʻopili ʻia.

Nā kumu o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ʻōpū

Hiki i ka maʻi kuʻi ke ulu me kahi maʻi kūʻokoʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka hoʻolaha ʻana a i ʻole hoʻopiʻi i nā maʻi a me nā kūlana pathological. Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia nā maʻi o nā hui hoʻohui e like me ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā mea like ʻole. Hiki a maopopo paha kēia mau liona (no ka laʻana, me kahi hōʻeha), a he hūnā ʻia (me nā maʻi ʻōnaehana o ka systemic).

Hiki ke hoʻopiʻi i ka huhū hui pū ʻana:

• Hoʻonuiʻia ka hypothermia lōʻihi. Me ka hypothermia, kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā moku koko e hele mai ana, ma muli o kahi mea i hoʻopili ai ka microcirculation i loko o nā kīʻaha o nā kuʻuna o ke kuamoʻo (he mea nui loa ia no nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi o nā manamana lima a me nā manamana lima). ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā microcirculation i hōʻemi ʻia i ka hana o nā mea kū i ke kino i ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, i loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ʻeha.

• Hoʻonui kūlia. Me nā ukana pinepine a me ka kaumaha, hiki i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kolamu (ʻoi aku ai ka lihilahi articular) hiki ke hōʻino ʻia, ka mea e hiki ai i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana pāpaʻomaʻi a i ʻole aseptic (non-infectious). Hoʻopau maoli kēia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lāʻau kuʻekuʻe a me nā wāwae kuʻekuʻe, kahi e loaʻa ai ka nui ma luna o ka wā (ʻo ka hele ʻana, ka holo, ke hāpai ʻana ka nui, a pēlā aku).
• Mamua. Uaʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema ʻana me ka wā o ka makahiki, lilo ka cartilage artikular i ka palupalu a ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā wahi o ka ʻili o nā iwi. I ka hopena o kēia, ma lalo o kekahi mau ukana (i maʻalahi i ʻae ʻia e nā mea maʻi), hiki i nā iwi i ke kuʻi ke hoʻomaka e pā a kahaki i kēlā me kēia, i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hana hoʻomālamalama.

Wahi a ke kumu, aia:

• rheumatoid arthritis,
• Palapala wāʻau,
• kauala
• arear gouty,
• psoriatic arthritis,
• post-traumatic arthritis,
• hopohopo (ʻōpū),
• ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis),
• kala hou
• hoʻoilina hoʻoilina.

Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Arheumatoid Arthritis

He maʻi maʻi ʻōlaʻi o ka maʻi maʻi e hōʻike ʻia e ka pōʻino i nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻokoʻa āpau a me nā ʻili. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kānaka o nā makahiki hana he maʻi, a ʻo nā wahine he 2 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kāne. ʻAʻole i paʻa i ke kumu o ka maʻi, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka hopena o kahi predisposition genetic, ka maʻi viral (no ka laʻana, ʻo Epstein-Barr virus) a me nā maʻi i ka hana o ke ʻano mea kū mai ke kanaka.

Ma muli o ka hopena o nā hopena kumu, hoʻonā ʻia ka pathological o ka ʻōnaehana pale, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā cell immunocompetent (T-lymphocytes). Hoʻomoe ka T-lymphocytes i ka membrane synovial o nā ʻōpū, ka mea i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke ʻano o ka ʻōwili i loko o ia mea, ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ka hoʻokuʻi o nā microcirculation, edema o nā hana intraarticular a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka wai o intraarticular.

Ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā loli, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka mākeke o nā moku koko o ka membrane synovial a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia (hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano) o kāna mau puna. ʻO ka hopena o nā kaʻina wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka mea i kapa ʻia i ka pannus synovial - nā ulu aʻe o ka membov synovial, waiwai i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ka Pannus ke hoʻopiha i ka kahe huina holoʻokoʻa a pau, e kaupalena ai ke kaʻe ʻana i loko. Me ka holomua o ka maʻi nui, hiki i ka pannus ke hoʻolaha i ka cartilage articular a hiki aku i ka ʻike maka o nā iwi, ʻo ia ke kumu no ka hoʻohuli ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka cartilage a me ka aʻa o nā iwi (defects).

Juvenile arthritis

Hōʻike ʻia kēia maʻi e ka hui pū ʻana no ka liʻiliʻi he 6 mau hebedoma i nā keiki ma lalo o 16 makahiki. ʻAʻole maopopo i nā kumu o nā maʻi. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻĀpiha Juvenile i ka wehe ʻia o nā lāʻau āpau i ʻike ʻia.

Hāʻawi i kahi exacerbation o ka maʻi hiki i:

• nā hōʻeha
• maʻi ʻehā
• maʻi maʻi bacterial
• paleā paleā
• hypothermia.

Hoʻomaka ka maʻi, hoʻomaka me ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ke kaʻina hana kūpaʻa systemic (ka maʻi palupalu, nāwaliwali, hoʻonui nui aʻe, a pēlā aku). I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino i nā ʻokoʻa āpau a me nā ʻōnaehana (cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive). Hiki i nā hōʻike maʻi mai nā pūhaka ke kū i kekahi mau mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi. I kēia hihia, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi paʻa (nā kuli, ke kuʻekuʻe, nā kuʻekuʻe ʻē aʻe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me kekahi mau ʻokaʻelima i hoʻokahi manawa (polyarthritis), me nā pūlima liʻiliʻi o nā manamana lima a me ka kolone aʻi.

Nā Hōʻailona o ke Aupuni

Ua pili kēia ʻōlelo i nā hōʻeha hui like ʻole e ulu ana i nā wiki he 2-6 ma hope o kahi maʻi ʻohiʻā (chlamydia, salmonellosis, disentery, maʻi, hepatitis, ʻōpala, a me nā mea hou aku). Hoʻokumu ka pilikia i kēia hihia ma muli o ka hana o ka hana nui o ka ʻōnaehana me ka hōʻino i nā ʻāpana intraarticular e nā cell immunocompetent.

ʻO ka hana o nā lāʻau kuʻuna ma hope o ka maʻi e wehewehe ʻia e nā ʻano like ma waena o nā antigens (ʻo nā komplikole protein) o nā hoʻopā a me nā ʻili o kou kino. Ke komo ka paʻuhi maʻi kino i loko o ke kino, e komo i ka hoʻopili me ka pale o ke kanaka, ma muli o ia ʻano kikoʻī (hoʻonaʻauao wale nō i kēia microorganism) antibodies hoʻomaka i loko o ke kino, ka mea e loaʻa ai a luku i nā microorganism pathogen, ʻo ka luku ʻana i nā puna o nā mea hoʻohui me kahi set antigenic like.

ʻO Gouty arthritis o nā ʻōpū

ʻO ka Gout kahi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia e nā maʻi metabolic (purines). ʻO nā purines he ʻāpana o ka DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) a me RNA (ribonucleic acid) - nā mea nui o nā hana genetic o nā aihana.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, komo nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kahe wai inā i hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻāpana a hui pū paha me nā huahana meaʻai (me ka ʻiʻo, nā iʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai uric a hoʻopili ʻia ma o nā lolo. Ma ka hihia o ka nui o ka inu ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma ke kahe wai, me ke kaʻe hewa ʻana o ke kaʻina o ka ʻohi o ka uric acid mai ke kino, hiki ke hoʻonui nui ʻia kona ʻano i loko o ke koko. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā paʻakai liʻiliʻi o ka uric acid (urates) i ka meakanu ma lalo o nā ʻōpū o ke ana (no ka laʻana, i nā pūhaka o nā manamana wāwae, ka mea, ma ka mamao loa mai ka puʻuwai, ʻo ia ka "coldest" ʻokoʻa ma loko o ke kino). ʻO kēia, ma ka mea, ke hoʻopihapiha i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo pale (phagocytes) i mea e hoʻihoʻi ai a hoʻowalewale i kahi mea "haole" i ka kiko. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā phagocytes ke hoʻopiha i ka nui o ka crystals urate, ma muli o ka mea e make ai lākou, e hoʻokuʻu ana i kahi nui o nā meaola e ola ai i nā kiko. Hoʻopilikia kēia mau mea i nā puna pili kokoke a hoʻoneʻe i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke kaʻina hana, ʻo ia ke kumu pololei o ka lāʻau maʻi.

Me kahi papa lōʻihi o ka maʻi, hiki i nā pūʻulu āpau o nā urates ke hoʻopili kokoke i nā ʻōpū, e hana ana i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻalika - solid formular nodular hiki ke hōʻea i nā nui nui a alakaʻi i ka deformation hui.

ʻO ke kumu o ka gout paha:

• ʻO ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana o Purine me ka meaʻai - Hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka hōʻinoʻole i ka ʻai a me nā huahana iʻa, a me nā pī, nā pīni, nā pīpī, nā soy.
• Hoʻohui ʻia ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pūna kino - ma hope o nā hana lehulehu, me chemotherapy a i ʻole radiation (ua hana e mālama i nā hōʻeha maʻi).
• Nā hemahema o ka hana (metabolism) o nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kino - hiki ke ʻike i nā maʻi he nui i hoʻoili ʻia e ke kao i loko o nā ʻoihana hoʻomehana i loko o ke kaʻina o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā purines i loko o ka uric acid.
• ʻO ka hōʻinoʻana i ke kaʻina o ke kāpae i ka waʻa uric mai ke kino - hiki ke ʻike i ka hala ʻole o kahi aʻa.

ʻO ka laupaʻa Psoriatic

ʻO ka maʻi psoriasis ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mau loa, ka hōʻike maʻamau o ia ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻili o nā wahi i hoʻolaʻikuʻu ʻia i nā ʻano o nā kuhi (psoriatic plaques). Kū lākou ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, maloʻo a hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohui pū kekahi me kekahi, me ka ʻano ʻana i nā wahi āpau o ka hōʻino.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā kumu o ka maʻi i kēia lā, e like me ke kaona o nā hana hōʻino i ka psoriatic arthritis. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ka hopena o ka maʻi i ka hopena i kuhi ʻia i nā kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻili o ka ʻili a me ka hōʻiliʻili o nā nui immunocompetent (T-lymphocytes) i nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, akā ʻaʻole naʻe hiki ke hoʻokū i kahi o kēia mau kumu. ʻAʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia kahi predisposition genetic i ka psoriasis, ka mea i hōʻoia ʻia e ka piʻi nui o ka maʻi i ka poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia i ko lākou mau mākua a i nā hoahānau pili maoli nō naʻe.

Hiki i nā hōʻehaʻeha o ka maʻi ma ka psoriasis ke kumu o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana o ka pale a hōʻino ʻia i nā ʻāpana hana o ke kumu, ka mea i hōʻoia ʻia e ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana.

Hāʻawi i kahi exacerbation o ka psoriatic arthritis hiki:

• Nā maʻi hopohopo - nā ʻupena, nā pūpū, nā huapalapala, ka komo ʻana o ke ala e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻōnaehana.
• Nā loli hoʻololi - Ke piʻi nui nei kahi ulu o ka psoriatic arthritis i ka wā'ōpiopio a me ka menopause, ʻoiai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hapai hiki ke hoʻopau koke i nā hōʻailona āpau o ka maʻi.
• Nā maʻi maʻi digestive - gastritis (hoʻonāukiuki o ka ʻōpū), enterocolitis (mumū i nā ʻōpū), cholecystitis (nāwī o ka ʻōpū).
• ʻO ke kaumaha kaumaha - e hoʻopiʻi i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o ka lāʻau ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā hihia.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau - no ka laʻana, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau anti-inflammatory.

ʻO ka maʻi kaʻa hope-traumatic

E like me ka inoa e hōʻike ai, hoʻomohala ʻia ka maʻi maʻi post-traumatic ma muli o ka trauma i nā hoʻohui pū. I ka manawa like, ʻelua mau pōʻino i ka manawa like (me ka laʻana, i ka wā o ka hōʻeha) a me ka trauma lōʻihi, hoʻonaninani pinepine ʻia (no ka laʻana, no nā pahu kime ka loʻi pinepine ʻana i kahi kī hōʻalu i ka wā o nā hōʻeha ʻo ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā kuʻekuʻe pulima a me nā pūlima) hiki i kahi hana hoʻomau i ka nui o ka maʻi. mīkina lima).

Ma ka hihia o ka trauma i ka manawa like, hoʻopōʻino ka mea i komo pū ʻia (ʻeha nā kiko o ka ligula a i ʻole ka pilau a ihi pū kekahi, hōʻeha ʻana o ka ʻano articular o ka iwi, hoʻopōʻino ʻia i ka cartilage articular, a pēlā aku). ʻO ka manawa pinepine ʻo ia mau hōʻeha i hele pū ʻia e ka pōʻino o ke kīʻaha koko a me ka hemorrhage ma ka ʻōpū. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau mea i ka holo ʻana o ka mumū, huehue a ka pehu a me ka microcirculation impaired i ka hoʻopili. Me kahi papa kūpono o ka maʻi a hoʻokō pono ʻia nā koina therapeutic, ʻo ke kaʻina o nā maʻi maʻi e noho nei i loko o kekahi mau lā, a me ka hoʻihoʻi piha ʻana o ka hui i loko o kekahi mau pule (e pili ana i ka nui o ka hōʻino).

I ka maʻi maʻamau, pinepine e hana pinepine nei i nā hōʻeha liʻiliʻi, aia ma mua ke ʻano ʻike ʻole o ka ʻeha.I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻeha o nā mea intraarticular (cartilage, synovial membrane, ligament) e ʻike ʻia, nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa mai nā moku i hoʻopau ʻia, a pēlā aku. Ma ka wahi o ka hōʻino, e hoʻomohala i kahi hanana maʻi kūloko, ma kahi o ke kino e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka palu me ka kiko (connective) i ke ʻano o ka manawa, kahi e hoʻemi nui ʻia kā lākou mau hana a hiki ke hala i ka hana me nā mea ʻole.

Hoʻopiʻi (purulent) ʻthritislelo hui pū kekahi

Hoʻoulu kēia maʻi ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o nā huakini pyogenic (staphylococci, streptococci a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i loko o ka lua ʻōpū, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi kaʻina hana purulent-hoʻopōʻino, hōʻino a me ka luku ʻana i nā mea intraarticular a me nā hana hoʻohui like ʻole.

Hiki i nā huakini Pyogenic ke komo i loko o ka lua.

• Ke hōʻeha nei i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hōʻino ʻole ʻana i ka kūpaʻa o ke capsule aʻaina (i ka wā e hāʻule ai i nā kuli a i ʻole nā ​​kuʻekuʻe mai kahi kiʻekiʻe nui, me nā hiʻi hāmama o nā ʻaoʻao o ka iwi, a pēlā aku).
• Ma ka ʻike ʻole ʻole mau i nā lula o ka asepsis (kahi pae o nā hana e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka ʻeha) i ka wā o nā kaʻina olakino (i ka wā o ka hana ma ke kolu, i ka wā hoʻolana pū).
• Ke hele nei ka maʻi i ka hui mai nā purulent kokoke i ke kino i nā ʻiʻo palupalu a me nā iwi.
• Me ka pālahalaha ʻana o ka maʻi me ke kahe koko mai ka mamao purulent foci.

ʻO ka komo ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o kahi paʻa ʻokoʻa e hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana pale. No ka mea, ua hoʻolako maikaʻi ʻia ka membro synovial o nā ʻōpū me ke koko, ua hāʻawi ʻia he nui leukocytes (nā kela o ka ʻōnaehana pale) i ka pūnaewele maʻi ma ke ʻano wikiwiki, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kaʻina. ʻO Neutrophils (ʻo ia nā ʻano o nā kaila koko keʻokeʻo e kuleana ai no ka hakakā ʻana i nā huakini) a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā lākou a make, a ma hope o ko lākou make ʻana, hana ʻia ka maʻi purulent.

Allricic arthritis

Kūkia kēia ʻano o ka lāʻau i ka wā e ulu ai ka hopena alaka i ka pane ʻana i nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole o ka protein (serums, kekahi mau kanaka) a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe (nā meaʻai, pollen, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i loko o ke kino. Hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi āpau iā lākou iho i nā ʻili a me nā ʻili ʻē aʻe, akā alakaʻi lākou i ka pathological, ua hōʻike nui ʻia ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā antibodies kikoʻī. Hoʻopili nā antibodies i nā antigens a nā haole, ka hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻia o ka nui o nā paepae o ka pale ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau paʻakikī ke hūnā i ke koko a lō ʻia i loko o nā moku liʻiliʻi o nā membam synovial o nā ʻāpana like ʻole, e alakaʻi ana i ka lōkuhi ʻole a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina o nā maʻi, hele pū ʻia e ka edema kiko, ʻeha a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mea mua, ua pā pono nā kaula liʻiliʻi o nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae - he nui iki ma mua - ʻo nā ʻanā nui. Me ka maʻi maʻamau, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui. No laila, hiki i ka manawa kūpono a me ka mālama kūpono ke hoʻopau i nā hōʻike āpau o nā maʻi i loko o kahi mau lā.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hua lāʻau

Kūkala kēia ʻano ʻōpū i kekahi mau maʻi hoʻohemo (no ka laʻana, Marfan syndrome a ʻAhler-Danlos syndrome), ke ʻano o ka hōʻino o ka ʻili genetic a hōʻike ʻia e nā helu he nui, ʻo ia ka hoʻopōʻino a me ka hoʻowalewale o nā hana hoʻoili. Me kēia mau maʻi, ua loaʻa ke keiki ʻole i ka hoʻomohala kiko o ka ʻili hoʻohui ma ke kino. Hōʻikeʻia kēia ma ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana āpau, kahi mea i ʻike mua ai no ka hōʻeha, subluxations a me nā dislocations, i hui pū ʻia e ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lāʻau.

ʻAʻole paʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi genetic i kēia lā, no laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā poʻe me kēia mau ala e alakaʻi i kahi ʻano mālie a pale i nā kūlana i hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia ka hui pū ʻana.

ʻO nā maʻi o ke kuʻuna i ka wā hāpai

ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau kuʻuna i nā wahine hāpai he mau kumu like paha i alakaʻi i kēia hanana o kēia pathology i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa like, me ka hali ʻana o ka pūpū i loko o ke kino wahine, ʻike ʻia kekahi nui o nā loli e pili pono ana i ka hoʻopōʻino i kekahi mau kuʻuna a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻalā.

Hoʻokumu ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau kuʻuna i ka wahine hāpai.

• Hoʻonui ka uku ma nā neʻe. I ka wā hāpai ʻia, hoʻonui ka paʻahana o ka wahine e 10 a i ʻole ka kilokou kilokilo, ma muli o ka ulu a me ke hoʻonui a me ka hoʻonui o ka momona momona i loko o ke kino. I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpū o nā wāwae a me nā lumbar spine i ka ukana nui loa. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lākou e hiki ke hoʻokuʻi (hoʻololi) i kahi lohi wikiwiki wikiwiki, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka paa ʻana o ka wahi ua hoʻopili a me nā meaʻino o nā hana intraarticular. ʻO ka hapai ʻana a me ka momona keu hiki ke kōkua i kēia.
• Nā loli hoʻololi. I ka wā hapai, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka wahine wahine i loko o ke kino wahine, e hoʻēmi ana i ka elasticity o ke akea o ka hui sacroiliac a me ka pubic joint, kahi mea e pono ai no ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ka pūpū a me ka hānau ʻana. I ka manawa like, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ukana, hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o ka aruhe.
• ʻAʻohe meaʻai kūpono. ʻO ka hua wahine ulu nui "lawe aku" mai ke kino o ka makuahine i nā mea ʻehā a me nā minelala e pono ai no ka ulu maʻamau a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka cartilage. Inā ʻaʻole hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ʻai me ka meaʻai i ka nui e pono ai, e hoʻomohala ka makuahine i nā hanana dystrophic i loko o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, a hiki i kahi maʻi.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me nā ʻōpū: ma hea ka pilina?

Me he mea lā, ʻaʻohe pilina pili ma waena o ka maʻi maʻi a me nā hoʻopili, akā ʻaʻole kēia e like me ia, ʻaʻole ka hopena o endocrine i ka ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ke ʻano nui o ke kino kanaka i kēia hihia.

Hoʻolohe Ke kumu o ka hana pū ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes i ka loli o ka hormonal. He mea pono ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka maʻi maʻamau ma ka hapanui o nā wahine ma mua o nā makahiki he 50, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka menopause. ʻO kahi mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hōʻemi o ka lāʻauʻawa, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai o nā kaloli kiʻekiʻe ma nā nui nui.

ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hōʻike ʻana o ka ʻeha i nā ʻōpū, he hana ʻole i ke koko. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Oxygen iā lākou i ka lawa ʻole o ka nui, hoʻomaka nā ʻaniani e hiolo.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lesion.

Inā hōʻike ka maʻi maʻa, hiki i ka lāʻau maʻi ke hopena i ka:

I ka hapa nui, hōʻike ʻia nā deformities spinal.

No ka ʻōlelo aʻo! ʻO ka ʻōpū a me ka arthrosis - he aha ka ʻokoʻa? Me ka arthrosis, hele mai nā loli degenerative, a me ke ʻano o ka lāʻau kuʻuna, ʻike ʻia nā loli i loko o ka wai o intraarticular a me nā hoʻopihapiha.

Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka arthritis. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes i ka maʻi ʻeha, ʻo kēia ke ʻano o ka manaʻo ʻana o ke kanaka e hoʻohuli i nā loli i ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i ke kō i loko o ke kō, a me ka mauʻeha ʻole a me ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻo ia kēlā, ke hilinaʻi ʻana o ka wā.

Hoʻolohe Inā hōʻeha nā ʻanā ma ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia ka hōʻike like ʻole. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ʻike i ka hiki i ka lāʻau maʻi ke kū wikiwiki i ka holomua, aʻo ka hana nui o ka mea maʻi a me ka loea e pale aku i kahi hōʻike o nā loli.

ʻO ka papa inoa o nā hōʻailona i hiki ke hōʻoia i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā loli.

• ʻoluʻolu ʻole kekahi kanaka me nā neʻe maʻamau,
• loaʻa kekahi ʻeha ma nā ʻanā me kekahi mau,
• ka ulu ʻana ma ka pūnaewele o ka lesion,
• loli ke ʻano o ka wela i loko o ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻulaʻulaʻula.

I ka wā mua o ke kaʻina o nā pathological hele a nalowale ka ʻeha ma hope o ka hoʻomaha nui. E hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana i ka hiki.

Ke ulu nei ka hana pathological, e lilo ka ʻeha a hele ʻole i ka mea maʻi. Loaʻa paha iā ia inā ʻaʻole ka mea maʻi i neʻe ai.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻolālā.

Pono! ʻO ka hōʻino kino ʻo ka hoʻopiʻi maʻamau ka maʻi maʻamau i ka maʻi maʻi. Ma kahi o 55% o nā maʻi i hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi.

Pono e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia me ka hele ʻana o ka manawa ʻike loea i ka loea kūikawā a ma lalo o kahi hoʻokolohua holoʻokoʻa, hiki ʻole i ka mea pio ke hoʻonāukiuki i ke ola o ka mea maʻi. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hana physiotherapy ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i kāna maikaʻi ma lalo o kahi kūlana hoʻokahi - ka wā o ka hana.

Hiki ke pale aku i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lāʻau i ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala e hoʻolaha i ka poʻe heluhelu i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hōʻino kino ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hōʻike o ka maʻi pākia ma ke ʻano type 1 a me ke ʻano maʻi type 2
ʻ oflelo LED	ʻO keʻano
ʻAno maʻi type 1	Hōʻike ʻia ka pio i ke kiʻi ʻana o ka loli o ka autoimmune i kēia manawa. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka pale ʻana o ke kanaka i nā pūpau o kāu pancreas a hana ma ka wai o ke synovial. Wahi a nā kauka ua loaʻa ka pili i nā pilina ma ka pae genetic.
ʻAno maʻi type 2	Hoʻohui ʻia nā maʻi mellitus a me nā mea kuʻi, no ka mea, hiki i ka lāʻau maʻi ke hele pū me nā maʻi II ʻano II. He mea kūpono ia he piʻi iki ka hopena o nā hōʻike o nā leʻaleʻa no ka poʻe maʻi me ka emi ʻana o ka pale kino. ʻO ke kaupaona kekahi mea predisposing no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi, no laila e pono e nā maʻi ke mālama i ka paona o ke kino a pale i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā paona hou. I ka nui o nā hihia, ua hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau kuʻi i nā maʻi ma mua o nā makahiki 50-55.

Nīnau i ka loea

ʻO Marina Vasilievna 56 makahiki, ke kūlanakauhale o Bryansk

Aloha awakea ʻAʻole ʻo kahi malama e hala i kahi ʻeha ma nā kuʻekuʻe puʻe. I ke kakahiaka he ʻokoʻa kēlā - ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke neʻe i koʻu wāwae, ʻike ʻia ka paʻakikī. I nā lā mua o ka manawa i kū ai ʻo ia ma ka hoʻomau, ʻaʻole i hoʻohala i ka pō a hiki ʻole ke hiamoe. Pono wau e ʻike i ke kauka. Hoʻāla ʻia kahi x-ray i ka arthrosis-arthritis. Ua kuhikuhi mua ʻia ʻo Diclafenac no nā lāʻau laʻala. Noho palekana paha lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana? ʻAʻole hele ke ʻeha a me ka ʻili ʻana, e kōkua pehea e mālama ai.

Maikaʻi kakahiaka, Marina Vasilievna. Ma waho o ke ʻike ʻole i ke kiʻi, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻalani o ka hana a ka loea. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke nīnau hou i ke kauka a hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou. ʻOiaʻiʻo, makemake wau e wehewehe i ka manawa hoʻohana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau?

ʻAʻohe paha maikaʻi ma kahi? ʻO ka lōʻihi loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory, ma kēia hihia 2-3 hebedoma. He mea nui e kau i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka wāwae. Nānā ka loea i nā veins, malia paha ʻaʻole kumu ke kumu?

ʻO ka ʻeha hui ʻaihue

Hoʻohālikelike ka ʻōpū o ke ʻano me ka ʻeha o kekahi etiology, a ua like like me nā hana o kona ʻano. Ma lalo o ka hopena o kahi kumu kumu, hoʻonā kekahi hopena i ka hana ʻana o ke kumu a me nā ʻolima periarticular, e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā kahe koko. Ma o lākou ua hāʻawi ʻia nā leukocytes i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mumū me ke kahe koko, kahi e luku ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana i ka nui o nā meaola biologically active (histamine, serotonin, kallikrein a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i nā kiko. ʻO kēia mau mea, ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, e kākoʻo i ka holomua o ka mumu, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hana ana i ka welau o ke aʻalopina o nā ʻili i ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, e alakaʻi ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke aʻa, kū a hōʻoki paha i ka ʻeha, ka mea i manaʻo ai i ka hui pūnaa a i kekahi mamao kahi mai ia.

Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka ʻikea ʻana i nā mea e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i ka biologically, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā huina o ke ake i loko o nā ʻōiwi hooulu e loli nui ana, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi āpau, hiki ʻole ke hōʻeha ʻia, ka hoʻowalewale ʻia ʻana e ka mea maʻi e like me ka ʻeha. E wehewehe kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi neʻe i ka pehu a paʻa a pili ʻia me ka eha ʻeha.

Ka huahua ʻana me ka ʻōpū

ʻO ka pīpī ʻana o nā ʻili a puni ke hoʻopili me ka maʻi ʻōpala, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻana. I nā kikoo inflamed, aia kahi hewa o ka microcirculation a me ka hoʻonuiʻana o nā moku koko. A ʻo kahi hopena, ka hapa o ka wai o ke koko e kahe ana ma ka paia vascular ākea (ke piʻi nui ʻia o ke ʻano) a hele i loko o ka wahi intercellular o nā palani, ke alakaʻi nei i ka hoʻomohala edema. ʻO ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā kinipōpō i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mumū a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka edema e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia hoʻi ma ka hana kīnā o ka lymphatic system a me ka pākī o ka neʻe i ka pehu paʻa.

Hiki i ka edema ke hoʻopalapona i kahi o ka wahi o ka ʻili a i ʻole e pālahalaha i nā ʻili e kokoke ana, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻo Edematous ka hana like me ka hoʻāʻo, e like me ka edema infectious, hiki iā ia ke ʻeha a ʻeha loa i ka wā e hoʻopā ai.

Holo i loko o ka hoʻopukapuka o nā kuʻuna

Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ke aniani me ke kuʻuna o ke ʻano ma ke ʻano he nui (ma ke ʻano he nui ka holo ʻana o ka umauma ma luna o ka ʻōpū o ka inflamed) a i ʻole ka laulā (ʻo ia hoʻi, he nui o ke ʻano o ke kino ma ka laulā).

Ke hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka wahi i ka pehu o ka ʻula e ka 1 a i ka 2 me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻōhua ʻole-inflamed e wehewehe ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā kahe koko i loko o nā io a puni me ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me kā lākou e kahe ana me ke koko (ʻo ke kahe koko i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kino peripheral). Hiki ke hoʻonui iki ʻia ka pae ʻana i ka mahana i ka 38 - 39 mau degere me ka mākaukau o ka rheumatoid, i ka wā e ulu ana kahi ʻōnaehana maʻiola wale nō ʻaʻole i loko o nā ʻōpū, akā pū kekahi hoʻi i nā kino ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki ke ʻike i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka mahana o ke kino me ka purulent arthritis, i ka wā e hele ai ka huakaʻi pathogenic a me nā mea huʻala i ke kahe koko. Ma kēia hihia, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻonaninani o ka ʻōnaehana pale, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mahana e piʻi ai hiki i ka 39 - 40 degere a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe (e pili ana i ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana).

Hoʻomaopopo o ka Rheumatoid Arthritis

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka rheumatoid arthritis e ka hōʻino ʻana i nā huhū he nui ma ke kino, a me nā hōʻike keu-articular kekahi mau maʻi (mai nā mea kino ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana).

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hana hōʻiliʻili i ka arhe rheumatoid e:

• ʻO ka lesiona mua o nā kaula liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, ua pā pono ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā manamana lima a me nā wāwae, kahi e ulu ai ka ulu o ke pannus, hiki ke hoʻohuli, kūlou. He mea koʻikoʻi ia ma ʻaneʻi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ka hopena o nā distal (ʻoi loa) i nā maʻi lāʻau rheumatoid. Ma nā hopena o hope o ka maʻi, hiki i nā hui nui (ke kuli, ke kuʻi) ke komo pū i ke kaʻina pili.
• Hana ʻinoʻino i nā kihi o nā kuʻi cervical spine. ʻO ka kuʻi cervical ka hapa wale nō o ka kolone o nā iwi spinal i pā ʻia e ka lāʻau rheumatoid.
• Hōʻino nā hana i nā hui temporomandibular. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ke ʻano o ke ʻeha i nā ʻōpū. Hoʻonui ka ʻeha i ka wā ʻā a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana; e hiki iā lākou ke kahe (hāʻawi) i ka ʻaha haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka pae kino o ke poʻo.
• ʻO ka hakakā kakahiaka i loko o nā ʻōpū. Loaʻa kēia hōʻailona ma muli o ka edema o ka membrane synovial a hoʻonui i ka hoʻouluʻana o ka wai synovial i ka wā hiamoe, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ke kahe o ka puʻu intraarticular. Ma hope o ke ala ʻana, ʻeha nā mea maʻi i ka paʻakikī, akā ma hope o 20-30 mau minuke ua “hoʻomohala ʻia”, ua nui ka nui o ka wai i loko o ia mea a nalo nā paʻakikī.
• ʻO ka simma o ka lesion. Ma hope o kahi lesion o ka hui hoʻokahi no ka lōʻihi o ʻekolu mau mahina, ua ʻike ʻia kahi lesi o ka hui symmetrical ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
• Ke holomua ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻO ka poino i nā ʻōpū e kū nei ka holomua, alakaʻi i ka loli ʻana o nā ʻāpana intraarticular. ʻO ka mea nui ka mea e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻili hou ma mua o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia.

He mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka hiki ʻana i ka pathological o ke kino kūleʻa, hōʻiliʻili nā T-lymphocytes ʻaʻole wale i nā membov synovial o nā pū, akā pū kekahi pūnao a me nā ʻili, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hōʻeha o nā maʻi maʻi i loko o lākou.

I ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā hoʻopili, hiki i ka rheumatoid arthritis ke hopena.

• ʻIli kūloko - he hopena o ka hoʻopā ʻana o nā moku koko liʻiliʻi, ke ʻano ʻōpū ʻōpala ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā ia nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia.
• Nā Lali - ka pleurisy (ka hana ʻana o ka pleura pulmonary - ulu ʻia ka membrane e hoʻopuni ana i nā ʻōpū), i hele pū ʻia me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ʻaʻalā i nā ʻaluna pleural, pulmonary fibrosis (ke kūlohelohe o ka ʻōpū o ka pūleo me ka ʻōpala palupā), bronchitis (kaʻiole o ka bronchi).
• Kauʻeha - hiki i nā nodules rheumatoid ke hana i ka pericardium (ka membrane waho o ka naʻau), myocardium (pololei ma ka pūlima puʻuwai) a i ka endocardium (ka pūloko o ka puʻuwai i hoʻopili pololei me ke koko), ka mea e hiki ai i ka hoʻopiʻi i ke keaka hele hewa a hiki i ke kumu o ka make o ka mea maʻi.
• ʻŌpala - a hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana hoʻokūpono.
• ʻŌnaehana aloha - hiki ke hōʻino i ka hana hōʻino ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana i ko lākou koko (me ka hopena o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko), a me ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i nā aʻaluna a nā wahi kokoke i kahi kokoke i ka hoʻopuni ʻana.
• Na maka - nā ʻano like ʻole o ka maka (conjunctiva, sclera, a pēlā aku) e hoʻomālamalama ʻia.
• Pūnaehana iwi - a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā ʻalā o nā ʻaluna o nā iwi, ma nā hope o ka maʻi o ka osteoporosis e hoʻonui ʻia (ka hopena o ka metabolic i ka iwi o ka iwi, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika o ka iwi) hiki ke mālama ʻia.
• Hoʻoikaika - ʻike ʻia ka uaua kikoʻī (hōʻemi i ka nui o ka naʻau).

Hoʻomaopopo o ka hoʻohālikelike o ka maʻi ʻĀina

E hele wikiwiki ana ka hōʻino kino ʻana i ka ʻōpū react (pinepine ma waena o 12 a 24 mau hola). I ka hoʻomaka, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻopiʻi o nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa (ʻili o nā wāwae, nā kuli ʻuli). I ka manawa like, ʻo ka huehue e pili ana me ka asymmetric (ʻo ia hoʻi, hōʻino i ka ʻūhā ʻūhā ʻākau ʻaʻole pono e hui pū ʻia me ka poho o ka hema).

Ma kahi o ka maʻi articular, ʻike ʻia ka pōʻino o nā mea kino ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana e kū mai i ke kua o nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi maʻi e ʻike ʻia.

Hiki i ka ʻeha hoʻāliʻi:

• Hono i nā kikowaena lymph - ma muli o ke kumu o ke komo ʻana o nā mea maʻi i loko o lākou.
• Palepela ʻili - ʻulaʻula, hoʻāla a ʻeha paha o ka ʻili e kokoke ana i nā ʻāpanaʻeha.
• ʻO kaʻino kino - i ka hana i ka urinary function.
• Aloha aloha - ma muli o ka hōʻino i ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai, ʻike ʻia kahi hala ʻole o ke alapine a me ke ʻano o ka ʻāʻī o ka naʻau.
• Nā ʻōpala kino - i hōʻike ʻia e ka pale ʻole o ka hōʻiliʻili a i ʻole ke ʻeha ma nā ʻaoʻao o luna a i ʻole.
• Nā pohō maka - e hōʻike ʻia e ko lākou ʻulaʻula, maloʻo a hoʻonui ʻia paha ka ʻulea ʻana, wela a hōʻeha paha, photophobia.

Hoʻomaʻi o ka Gouty Arthritis

E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, ʻo ka hōʻike nui o ka gout ka mumū o nā ʻōpū o nā manamana wāwae, ka mea nui o ka metatarsophalangeal me ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae nui (aia ka laʻe o ke kuʻekuʻe a me nā wāwae). I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki i ke kaʻina hana ke hāhai ʻia i nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe (i ka pū me ke kuʻekuʻe, e pili ana i nā kuʻekuʻe o nā manamana lima, spine, a pēlā aku), ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia i nā ʻōpū nui (kuli, ke poʻohiwi, ʻulopa).

ʻO ka hōʻike mua ʻana o ka gout ka mea maʻamau he hōʻeuʻi o ka maʻi gouty, i ka manawa o kekahi o nā manamana o ka wāwae e haki nui loa a ʻeha nui (ua hōʻeha nui ka ʻeha, ʻaʻole i haʻalulu ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā hōʻeha). ʻO ka ʻili ma luna o ka ʻōwili ua ulia ʻia ka ʻulaʻula, lilo i ʻūhā a māloʻu (ma muli o ke ʻano o ka huhū). ʻO kahi pākuʻi e pili ana i ka ʻili a i ʻole he hoʻāʻo e ʻae i ke ʻano me ka ʻeha nui.

Ma ke kakahiaka, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka maʻi palaualelo, akā i ke ahiahi hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomau hou me ka ikaika hou. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka hoʻouka ʻana mai 2 a 7, mau lā, ma hope o ka nalowale ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hiki i ka exacerbation pinepine paha i 1 - 2 mau makahiki.

Hoʻopili i nā pōʻino hui, hiki i ka gout ke loaʻa:

• Nā wahī o ke maʻi - ke hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino, hoʻonui nui loa, nāwaliwali maʻamau, ʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.
• ʻEha nā naʻau ʻeha - ma muli o ke hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pōhaku urate i loko o nā keiki.
• ʻO ke ʻano o ke koko ma ka urine - he hopena ia o ka hōʻino o nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi o nā keiki me nā pōhaku urate.
• ʻO ka ʻili.

Hoʻomaʻi o ka ʻala o ka ʻōpala Psoriatic

Ma aneane pinepine ia e kū kūʻē i ke ʻano o nā hōʻike lōʻihi o nā psoriasis cutaneous. Ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā kumu kumu, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻopiʻi i nā hōʻailona nonspecific no kekahi mau lā - nāwaliwali laulā, nāwaliwali, ka hōʻoli ʻana o ke ʻano kino o ke kino, ma hope o ka hoʻomohala koke ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka huhū hui.

Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi psoriatic psoriasis:

• ʻO ka lesi nui o nā hoʻopili liʻiliʻi.
• Hana ʻino i ka mamao (terminal) nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae, ʻaʻole ia he maʻamau no ka rheumatoid a i ʻole reactive arthritis.
• ʻO ke ʻano "axial" o ka lesion, nā iwi āpau o ka manamana lima like i pāpā ʻia i ka manawa like.
• Hoʻopilikia kekahi mea i nā hana o ka pōpoki, e hōʻea ana i ka hapalua o nā maʻi.
• Hoʻopilikia paha Asymmetric i nā hoʻopili o nā manamana lima a me nā wāwae.
• Hoʻohui hewa.
• ʻO ka ʻeha ma ke kuʻi a me nā tendons i nā hoʻopili pili.
• ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā palia psoriatic ma luna o nā papa extensor o ke kuli a me nā kuʻekuʻe, a me ke poʻo, ma ka umbilical fossa a me ka sacrum.
• Itching i loko o ka wahi o pōkēpē hopena mai ka hoʻokuʻu i nā mea ola biologically (serotonin, histamine a me kekahi) i ka ʻili.
• ʻO ka pauʻole (deformation a me ka nalowale) o nā kui.
• Ke kulu nei i nā pā palama o nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae.

Hoʻomaopopo o nā maʻi kaupa (purulent) arthritis

ʻO nā hōʻike hōʻike hou aʻe o ka maʻi ululukulu i hui ʻia:

• ʻO ka nāwaliwali ākea, nā nāwaliwali a me ka hoʻonui nuiʻana e hele mai nā hopena a ka hoʻomanawanui o ka hana hoʻonāukiuki i loko o ke kino.
• ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ea kino o 38 - 40 degere, ka hopena ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale (me ka nui o ke komo ʻana o nā microorganism pyogenic a i kā lākou mau mea kino i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana).
• ʻEha i nā ʻōpū a me nā iwi.
• ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i ke hana o nā kumukanawai ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke ulu me ka komo ʻana o nā huakini pyogenic i ke kahe koko a me ko lākou palahalaha a puni ke kino.

Nā hōʻailona o ka ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis)

Hōʻike mua ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi i ka wā ʻōpio, ka holomua ma mua o ka wā o ka wā, a ma hope loa, ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale holoʻokoʻa ʻana i nā wahi i hoʻopiʻi ʻia o ka kolone a spinal.

Nā hōʻailona o ka ankylosing spondylitis:

• Bilateral sacroileitis (ka hoʻomehana ʻana o nā pēpē pēpē-pelvic) - i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻehaʻeha ma ka ʻōpū, nā puʻuwai a me ke kua o nā ʻūhā, e koi ai i ka pō.
• ʻEha i ka lumbar wahi - ʻOi aku ka ʻeha i ke kakahiaka, akā nalowale ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau neʻe ʻana a ʻauʻau paha.
• Hoʻopau i loko o ka kuʻekuʻe lumbar - Ua'ōlelo ʻia ʻia i ke kakahiaka a ua hōʻemi i ka wā o ke ao.
• ʻO ka holomua ʻana o ke kaʻina hana - i ka hala o ka manawa, aia kekahi lesion o nā ʻāpana nui o ka pōpoki - ka thoracic (i hōʻike ʻia e ke ʻeha ma nā iwi) a me ka kuʻekuʻe (hōʻike ʻia e kahi palena no ka hana o ka ʻāʻī o ke poʻo a me nā poʻo.
• Hoʻololi ka hana o ka bore ʻana o ka pōkole - ka maʻi kikiā i ka nui (spending bending o ka spine) i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka māhele thoracic a me lordosis (kūʻai anterior o ka spine) i hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka lipi.
• Huʻihuʻu naʻau - ka haʻi ʻia o ka pūnao hoʻo e kū mai ana i ka pane i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana ʻoi a me ka neʻe ʻana i ka io.
• Hōʻino i nā hana ʻē aʻe (poʻohiwi, hip) - hiki ke mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi manawa o ka maʻi.
• Ka nalowale o na kino e ae a me na nenehana - puʻuwai (myocarditis, pericarditis), māmā (pneumofibrosis, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ulu ʻana o nā iwi fibrous i loko o nā pūpū), nā pōpilikia (a hiki i ke kūkuluʻana o kahi pilikia renal), nā maka (uveitis, iridocyclitis) a pēlā aku.

Hoʻomaopopo o ka Allergic Arthritis

ʻO kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ka arthritis he pilina paʻa ma waena o ka pilina o ka mea maʻi me ka allergen a me ka exacerbation o ka maʻi. ʻO ka hopena o nā loli i loko o nā ʻuʻina (ka pupuhi, ʻulaʻula, ke kaumaha a me ka hana a nā mea āpau) he hōʻailona ia o kahi hopena maʻi holomua.

Eia kekahi, me ka maʻi o ke aʻalolo, hiki i nā maʻi āpau āpau ke hiki ma muli o ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana o ka pale ʻana.

Hiki i nā hōʻike hōʻikeʻike maʻamau ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻamau.

• ʻili ka ʻili
• kaʻiliʻili
• ʻili ʻili
• waimaka
• wili
• ihiki runny (kope kope o ka hiha mai ka ihu),
• nāwaliwali laulā
• nā eha a me nā ʻeha o ke kele,
• ka ʻaihui o nā membrane mucous o ka ʻōpū o ka hanu (a hiki i ke ʻano o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka hika).

ʻO nā hōʻailona āpau āpau (me ka pōʻino hui pū) e nalowale i loko o kahi manawa pōkole ma hope o ka laweʻana o ka aletine.

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi o ka maʻi

Hōʻike ka loiloi o ka hoʻopiʻi ahonui i ke kauka i ke kumu o ka hana ʻino ʻana a, ma muli o kēia, e kūkulu i kahi hoʻolālā no ka noiʻi hou aku. ʻO ka mea nui o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka lāʻau maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi, e ʻoluʻolu ia i ke kauka ma ka mua.

I ka kipa mua ʻana, hiki i ke kauka ke nīnau i ka mea maʻi i nā nīnau aʻe:

• I ka manawa hea i ʻeha ai ka ʻeha?
• Ua hoʻopilikia ʻia nā hui pū kekahi?
• Ua eha a hui ʻia paha kekahi?
• He aha keʻano o ka eha (koʻikoʻi, stitching a dull, aching)?
• He aha ka mea e hoʻonāuki i ka hoʻomaka a i ʻole ka palaualelo o ka ʻeha?
• He aha ka hana a ka mea maʻi e hōʻemi ai i ka ulu nui o ka ʻeha?
• Ua maʻi pū kekahi ʻo ka mea maʻi a i kekahi ʻohana paha o kona ʻohana (nā mākua, nā kūpuna, nā hoahānau a me nā kaikuahine)?
• Aia anei ka paʻakikī i nā kihi a i ka manawa i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ai (ma ke kakahiaka a i ke ao paha)?

Kaukau hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻi kaulua no ka maʻi maʻi

Ma hope o ka loiloi, hele hou ke kauka i kahi loiloi lāʻau, ʻo ia ka loiloi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hōʻino kino ʻana, a ke hoʻāʻo pū nei e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kino ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana hiki ke ʻike i nā maʻi maʻi āpau a me nā maʻi maʻi.

ʻO kahi hōʻike loiloi maʻi o kahi mea maʻi me ka maʻi e pili ana i ka:

• Nā konoʻi. ^ E Ha yM. I ka wā e nānā ana, e uku ʻia ka nānā kūikawā i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana, a pono e loiloi ʻia ʻaʻole ʻo ka mea e hoʻopili ʻia wale nō, akā, ʻo nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino. Hoʻomaka ka nānā ʻana mai luna a lalo - e nānā mua i nā ʻanekema temporomandibular, a laila hui pū me nā lima, spine a me nā wāwae. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, loiloi ke kauka i ke ʻano o ka nui a me ka nui o nā ʻili, ke ʻano o ka ʻili o ke ʻili ma luna o lākou, ka mua o kahi ʻano wikiwiki a me nā loli pathological ʻē aʻe. I kēia hihia, pono nā hoʻohālikelike e hoʻohālikelike i nā mea simetrical ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
• Palepila (palpation). Mālama ʻo Palpation i ke kauka e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻōpū o ka hui ʻana, ka hana ʻana o nā nodules subcutaneous a i ʻole nā ​​ʻanoʻano ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, i ka palpation, ua nānā ke kauka i ke kūloko o ke kūloko o ka pūlima, e hoʻohālikelike ana me ka mea ma kahi kolamu symmetric (no ka mea pono kēia e hoʻopili i nā ʻaoʻao o nā pā i nā palua i nā manawa ʻelua o 3 a 5 kekona i ka manawa like).
• ʻO ka loiloi o ka kahe ʻana o nā ʻāpana o nā manamana. I ka mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka neʻe (hana ʻia e ka mea maʻi), ʻoiai e noi ʻia ana e hana i ka nui o ka hiki ke hoʻonui, hoʻonui a i ʻole ka huli ʻana. Ma hope o kēia, ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o nā neʻe no ka hele ʻana, no ka mea, ua noi ke kauka i ka mea maʻi e hoʻomaha i ka wāwae hōʻike, a laila lawe ia me kona mau lima a nānā i ka hiki ke neʻe o ka neʻe i kēlā me kēia hui, e loiloi i ka ʻeha o ka mea maʻi.
• ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o nā ʻokoʻa ʻē a me nā ʻōnaehana. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i nā kuʻekuʻe, ua loiloi ke kauka i ke ʻano o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ka ikaika o ka puʻuwai a ka mea maʻi, ka hū ʻana, ke ʻano hōʻuluʻulu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Nā lāʻau ʻehaʻeha hui ʻana

Ma hope o ka loiloi, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, ʻo ka ʻikepili o kēia pono e kāpae i kekahi mau maʻi a hōʻoia i ka maʻi maʻi.

No ka ʻōpala, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi:

• ʻO ka helu koko piha (KLA). ʻAe iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā loli i loko o ke kino me ka maʻi ʻōnaehana a me ka maʻi maʻi systemic. No laila, no ka laʻana, inā he manaʻo pili o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino, kahi hōʻike koko ākea e hōʻike i ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka leukocytes (mau sela o ka ʻōnaehana kūloko) ʻoi aku ma mua o 9.0 x 10 9 / l a me ka hoʻonui nui aʻe o ka wikiwiki o ka erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) a hiki i 20 - 40 mm i hoʻokahi hola (me maʻamau 10 - 15 mm mau hola). I ka manawa like, me nā maʻi o ka rheumatic, hiki i ka ESR ke hoʻonui i ka 50-60 a i ʻole ke aniani i ka hora hoʻokahi, ʻo ia no ke hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi nui o nā mea i kapa ʻia nā ʻōmole o ka palalā o nā mākuhi i ka koko (i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ESR e hōʻike ana i ka hana o ke kaʻina hana i loko o ke kino).
• Hōʻike koko koko biochemical. E hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka protein o ke kaila o ka hoʻōla - C-reactive protein (ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mg / l), fibrinogen (ʻoi aku ma mua o 4 g / l), haptoglobin (ma mua o 2.7 g / l) a pēlā aku. Hiki ke hoʻāʻo i ka hoʻokolohua koko biochemical no ka maʻi gouty, kahi hoʻohālike ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ka neʻe o ka uric acid i loko o ke koko (ma mua o 0.36 mmol / lita i nā wahine a ʻoi aku ka 0.42 mmol / lita i nā kāne).
• ʻImi noiʻi immunological. Hiki i kēia ʻano loiloi iā ʻoe e ʻike i loko o ke koko i kekahi ʻano o nā antibodies i loaʻa no kekahi maʻi maʻi rheumatic. ʻO ka mea nui loa ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka rheumatoid factor, kahi nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka 85% o nā mea maʻi me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo rheumatoid.

Nā ʻano o Arthropathy

Ua māhele ʻia kēia maʻi no nā kumu o ka hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻokona ʻana.

Wahi a ke kumu, aia kekahi mau arthropathies:

• hiala hou
• poholika
• maʻi maʻi
• psoriatic
• E pono ko ka lawehala a Charcot,
• seronegative ʻĀkau.

Hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka lāʻau maʻi i kekahi mau pule ma hope o kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hiki i ka arthropathy reactable ma kēia hihia ke hanana ʻole o ka pane ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana o ka mea maʻi i nā ʻōiwi hui.

Pyrophosphate arthropathy hele i ka wā a me ke kīpē o ka metabolic a me ka haʻalele ʻana o ka calcium pyrophosphate i nā ʻōpū. Hiki i nā ʻekolu o nā ʻano: genetic, prim a me ka lua.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka lāʻau derthropathy ʻanoʻano ʻoi loa ka hopena, kahi e hoʻopili ʻia e ka poʻe kāne, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻano nui o ka hoʻoilina. Māku ʻia ia me kahi kiʻi haukapila i haʻi ʻia.

ʻO ka hana pololei no ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pyrophosphate arthropathy pae paʻa, ʻaʻole i hoʻokū ʻia. Loaʻa ia me ka hana nui o nā kūloko parathyroid a me ka metabolism calcium impaired.

ʻO ka arthropathy mua he maʻi kūʻokoʻa.Hele ia ma muli o ka hana hewa ʻole o nā enzymes e hoʻohuli i ka calcium pyrophosphate i ke kino.

Me kēia maʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka kuli, a me nā ʻeke lima mahele. I ka manawa like, mai ka hopena a ʻelua i ʻā nā huakaʻi ʻehā. Hoʻomanaʻo ka mea maʻi i ka ʻeha ma hope o ka hōʻā ʻana o ke kino, ma hope o ka lōʻihi.

Hoʻopilikia ka psoriatic reactive arthritis i nā ʻāpana ʻelua o nā manamana lima a me nā spine. Kuhi ʻia nā kumu kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia, akā he predisposition lewa, pōpilikia make a me nā mea e pili ana i ka nohona.

I loko o ka maʻi mellitus, hoʻōla ʻia ka pale o ka hormonal a me ka metabolism, kahi e hoʻonā ai i ka reactive arthritis.

Ua kapa ʻia kekahi ʻano kūikawā o ka maʻi diabetes maʻi Charcot's arthropathy. Ke holomua koke nei, e hoʻolilo i nā loli weliweli i nā kihi, kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻeha a me ke kūlana kino.

Inā loaʻa i ka mea maʻi nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka lāʻau react, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻike nā hōʻike ʻoihana i kekahi o nā māka nui - ka rheumatoid factor, a laila kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ka koho seronegative.

X-ray no ka maʻi huhū

ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo X-ray e hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia i ka hopena o ka maʻi o ka lāʻau, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā loli ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi (non-inflammatory) i loko o nā ʻili a me nā ʻili ʻē aʻe. I ka manawa like, pono ia e hoʻomanaʻo i nā hoʻololi i ʻike ʻia ma kekahi x-ray e loaʻa ma hope o nā pule he nui a he mau mahina paha o ka holomua o ke kaʻina pili o nā kuʻuna. No laila, ʻo ka haʻalele ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka radiological o ke kanulau 2 a i 3 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻeha, ʻaʻole hiki ke kumu no ka haʻalele ʻana i ka maʻi (ma kēia hihia, pono ke noiʻi ʻelua).

Aia i ke kumu o ke kau ku okupapula, ʻokoʻa ka wahi o ka lesion a me ke ʻano o nā loli i loko o nā ʻōpū. Ma ka manawa like, aia nā loiloi maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka neʻe ʻana o kahi hana hoʻonaninani ma ka hana ma lalo o ka hoʻokolokolo.

Hōʻike puka ʻokoʻa ka X-ray o ka hui.

• Hoʻopiʻi ʻōwili ʻōpiopio kikoʻī. Hoʻoulu kēia hōʻailona ma muli o ka hoʻopiʻi i ka edema a me ka hoʻopaʻala ʻana o ka membi synovial a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe o ka hui pū ʻana.
• ʻO ka mākino o ka pilina. ʻO ia kahi hopena o ka luku ʻana i ka cartilage intraarticular.
• Hoʻopili ʻia o nā ʻihi pili o nā iwi. Hōʻike kēia hōʻailona i nā ala hope o ka maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kaʻina hana aʻelemakule mai ka lua o ka pili ʻana i ka iwi iwi.
• ʻO ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā kaʻe o loko o nā iwi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano me kahi ala lōʻihi o ka lāʻau rheumatoid e hōʻike ʻia ana e ka focal luku o ka cartilage a me nā iwi a me nā iwi i ke kīwaha, aia ma ka x-ray ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e kahi pōʻino me nā kihi haki.
• ʻOsteoporosis wā (hoʻonui nui i ka ʻike ʻia o ka iwi iwi). ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻoulu ia e like me ka hopena o ka hoʻopōʻino i nā iwi ma o kahi mākala ke ʻano, ke alakaʻi nei i ka leaching o ka paʻakai kaleka a me kahi laʻa o ka ikaika o ka iwi. ʻO ka hōʻike aku o ka radiological mua o ka osteoporosis kahi liʻiliʻi, nā ʻāpana ʻoluʻolu o nā mālamalama e kū nei ma nā wahi o nā ʻano hāmeʻa o nā iwi. Me ka holomua o ka maʻi maʻi, hoʻohui pū kēia mau ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o ka hōʻino.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka etiotropic, pathogenetic a me ka hōʻailona.

ʻO ka hopena Etiotropic ka hopena ma ka kumu kumu o ka hopena reactive. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā antimicrobial i ka manaʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka manaʻo e pili ana i nā microorganisms.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā poʻe antibiotoki mai ka hui o nā fluoroquinolones, tetracycline a me nā macrolides. ʻO ka papa aʻo o ka mālama ma ka manawa maʻamau he 10 mai ka 14 lā.

Hoʻopilikia ka mālama pathogenetic i kāna pūnaehana pale: hoʻohana ʻia nā immunomodulators a me nā immunostimulants.

E hōʻemi i ka ʻeha, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau anti-inflammatory aila ʻaʻole pono ka hopena i ka gastosa mucosa (nimesulide, celecoxib).

I ka hihia o ka hōʻeha kino, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory e hoʻopau ʻia.

Physiotherapy

Hoʻohana ʻia ka physiotherapy i ka wā hoʻoponopono. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana i kēia:

• electrophoresis
• UHF
• ʻona
• radiation ultraviolet
• ozokerite
• hoʻohanohano paraffin.

Ma ka electrophoresis, hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka ʻōpū. No ka peni maikaʻi aʻe, hoʻohui ʻia ka dimexide i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hāʻawi ke ʻano iā ʻoe e hana i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano o ke mumu, a hoʻomau ka hopena no kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā kaʻina.

Ua hōʻike aku ka UHF i ka hopena anti-inflammatory, hoʻoulu i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono, a pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kuelike.

ʻO ka hōʻemi ana i ka maʻi physiotherapy ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka hōʻeha, hoʻomaha i nā ʻehaʻeha. Hoʻopili ke kaʻina hana hoʻonā, hoʻōla ʻia nā hana hōʻola, a me ka hoʻōla ʻana ka hoʻōla. Hoʻoulu ka ʻōpiopio i ka hoʻoliihua koko.

Hoʻomaʻahana nui ka Ultraviolet i ka kiko a hana i kahi hopena vasodilating i hoʻolaha ʻia. Hoʻolā ʻia ka Metabolism a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻili. Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ke ala o ka neʻe ʻana o ka hopena o nā aʻa, hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻeha.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau maʻi Ozokerite a me nā paraffin e hoʻomehana i nā kuʻekuʻe, e hoʻonui ai i ka pale kūloko, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka microcirculation.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole-lāʻau

I ka wā i hoʻolaʻa hou ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka spa. E hoʻohana i ka lepo therapeutic, i piha i nā minerala e hoʻihoʻi i ka cartilage.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka microcirculation, waho o ka lymph. ʻO kēia mau kaʻina hana e hōʻemi i ka edema a pale i ka ʻeha.

Hoʻoikaika ka pāpaʻi i nā ʻuhane a puni o nā kuʻekuʻe, e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻokolohua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻike o ka nui o ka maʻi. ʻO kahi hoʻonohonoho kūikawā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana kaʻa.

I ka wā o ke keokeo, pono e haʻalele ʻia nā ukana nui loa, a e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kino.

ʻO ka lāʻau Hilt kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe laser kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i ke ala ke hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ka hohonu hohonu o ka mumū, hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia, ʻaʻohe hopena ʻaoʻao, hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena.

Hoʻomaʻawale koke ka mālama ʻana ma ka hōʻeha i ka ʻeha, ke kuni ʻana a me ka huhū, a hōʻemi i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻoikaika hou ʻia ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana.

Hoʻokomo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana o ka maʻi i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe loa. No laila, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻauʻeha kūpono e mālama ʻia e ka poʻe loea.

Hoʻokomoʻo Arthropathy - he aha ia?

ʻO kēia pathology he hoʻololi trophic hoʻololi i ka hoʻohui. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e kū mai ana i ka ʻano o kahi maʻi ʻoi loa e pili nei. Hōʻike ʻia ka Arthropathy e kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​no laila hoʻomaopopo koke nā kauka iā ia a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono. ʻO kēia maʻi ka ʻike i nā manawa a i ʻole lele paha. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hele pū me ka exacerbations hiki ʻole i ka manaʻo a me ke kala. I ka ʻōlelo lapaʻau, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i wehewehe ʻia he react arthropathy. He aha ia, a laila e noʻonoʻo mākou i ka mea hou aku.

ʻO ka maʻalahi, ke hele nei ka palaka me ka maʻi ʻo Scheuermann. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lāʻau react, 2 a 5 mau mea hoʻohui, a i kekahi manawa hou, hiki ke luku ʻia. Ua like like ka maʻi o ka maʻi ma nā pākeke a me nā keiki. ʻOiai ʻo ke kāne pinepine ka hana ʻana i nā loli a me ke kuli, ʻo ia nā kāne i ka makahiki 20-40.

Heluhelu o ka Arthropathy

ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻekeʻuli o ke kuli i ka wā o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kēia maʻi ua māhele ʻia i kekahi mau ʻano:

Nā huina Dystrophic. Hiki paha inā loaʻa inā hiki ke hoʻopōʻino ʻia. ʻO ka kumu, ke hele nei ka maʻi ma ka ʻelemakule ma muli o ka loli degenerative a me ka dystrophic i loko o ke kino.

ʻO nā kumu nui o nā loli trophic i ke kahe

Hoʻokomoʻo Arthropathy - he aha ia? ʻO kekahi nīnau like i kēia lā e ulu i waena o nā poʻe he nui. Aia kēia maʻi me ka hui o nā autoimmune joint lesions, i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, kokoke ia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana. ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o kēlā mau alaʻo ia ma hope o kahi maʻi maʻi i komo i ke kino, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana pale "e hele hewa" i ka hoʻouka ʻana i kāna mau kiko ponoʻī.

Loaʻa kekahi mau hemahema genetic i kahi kumu predisposing no ka arthropathy. Inā loaʻa i kekahi kanaka ke ʻano o ka hanana histocompatibility, a laila e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi i hōʻike ʻia i nā manawa he nui.

Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi. No ka mea maʻamau, hana pinepine ka arthropathy o nā hana i ka hopena o ka maʻi me ka chlamydia. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi i nā kāne. Eia kekahi, nā ala āpau o ke ala ʻana o ka hanu hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka kiko a me ka hoʻopili kino ʻana: bronchitis, laryngitis, tracheitis a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO ka kumu pinepine o ke kīʻaha arthropathy he mau maʻi i ka ʻawaʻawa, ʻoi loa ka ʻeha a me nā maʻi like. Pōmaikaʻi ʻole ʻia a i ʻole ke mālama ʻana me ka hoʻomākaukau immunological i kau ʻia ma luna o nā antibodies i kekahi manawa ke alakaʻi hewa pū ʻana.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi

ʻO ka Arthropathy, nā hōʻailona e hiki ke hoʻonui i nā hola a i ʻole mau lā paha, kahi hoʻomaka mua a me ka hoʻomohala. Ma kēia hihia, ʻike ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kuli o ke kuli, i hoʻohui ʻia, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka wai i loko o nā wahi i hoʻopuni ʻia a puni a i loko o ka pūnaʻina like ʻole. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Edema ʻaʻole ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lō o ka ʻāʻī, akā ma muli o ka ulu o ka hopena o nā iwi.

Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā e kamaʻilio ana e pili ana i ka hopena o ke ka lāʻau arthropathy he maʻi maʻi kēia i hiki ai i ka luku ʻana i ka cartilage a i ʻole ʻoi ʻana paha. Akā, ʻoiai nā loli i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻeha ikaika, e like me nā ala ʻē aʻe o nā kuli o nā kuli, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia. ʻOiai keʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi mau hanana nā haʻalulu o ka cartilage a me nā iwi i loko o ka pūhaka kuana e ʻike ʻia ana i ka x-ray.

I ka hui pū ʻia, ua palena mua ka nui o ka neʻe, akā ma hope, me ka luku nui, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻia nā dislocations. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, inā ʻole e pau ke kuli e hoʻokō i kāna hana, ke alakaʻi nei i ka pilikia.

I kekahi manawa me ka maʻi o nā maʻi, e piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino, a i ka wā e hoʻokauʻi ai i ka ʻōpū, e ʻike ʻia ana ka ʻeha o ka ʻāʻī o nā ʻano like ʻole, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano. ʻO ka ʻili i ka wahi i hele ʻia e wela i ka pā.

Hiki ke hōʻeha i nā maʻi i wehewehe ʻia i ke ʻano maʻalahi, maʻalahi a paʻakikī paha. Ma ka hihia mua, ʻaʻole maʻi ke kanaka maʻi ma ka ʻoi ʻana o ke kuli, neʻe ikaika ʻo ia a hōʻeha wale i ke kaumaha me nā ukana kaumaha. Me nā kiʻekiʻe koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hui ʻana, a ma nā manawa holomua ke lilo ka wāwae i ʻole paʻa ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻaeʻī o ka kuli e pili ana i ka piko - he aha ia?

ʻAʻohe Arthropathy, ʻaʻohe naʻe, ʻaʻohe makahiki maoli, e kū pinepine ana i nā mea maʻi ʻōpiopio e like me ka poʻe pākeke. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻokoʻa nā kumu o kona kū ʻana. I nā manawa pinepine, he loli i ka hui pū ʻana me nā keiki ma muli o kekahi maʻi.

• Nā maʻi maʻi, ma muli o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau,
• borreliosis kaukaʻi a brucellosis,
• maʻi maʻi maʻi - mumps, rubella or chickenpox,
• diuro neuro-arthritic e hele ana i nā pēpē me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kūkaʻi a me ka metabolism hoʻonui ʻole,
• maʻi ʻeha koko.

Wahi a nā helu helu, ʻo ka pinepine mau mau lāʻau e ʻike nei i nā maʻi ʻōpio i nā makahiki 10 a keu aku. ʻAe ʻia ko lākou maʻi me ka ʻeha ʻole, ka mea i hoʻopiʻi i ka maʻi maʻi.Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, inā e pōʻino ka huhū, e piʻo ke koʻikoʻi o ke keiki a hiki ke loli ka nui o ke olakino, aʻo ka ʻūlū e hana wale wale ana i ka neʻe ʻana a, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻomaha.

ʻO ka pakia o ka arthropathy i loko o nā keiki ka mea hiki iā ia ke hana wikiwiki a hoʻopau i kahi hui i kū ʻole ʻia. Eia kekahi, i nā poʻe ʻōpio ʻōpio kahi ʻano kūikawā o nā maʻi hui - ʻo ka waiʻala o ka rheumatoid arthropathy. Hema wale kēia maʻi a hiki i ka makahiki 16. Me kēlā maʻi, kahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana: ka ʻūhū i ka ʻili, nā hōʻeha o nā nīpī lymph, leukemia a me kahi maʻi kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu o ka hele ʻana o ka papa inoa inoa.

I kekahi mau hihia, ke hoʻomau nei kēia ʻano kuʻekuʻe i nā pēpē me kāna iho, a ma ke koena, loaʻa ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana ma hope o 6-9 mau mahina o nā hana lapaʻau.

Nā hana hoʻohālikelike

I ka hoʻoholoʻana i kahi maʻi kūpono, pono nui ka moʻolelo olakino. He mea nui ia e ʻike i ke ʻano a me ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻeha, ka hiki ʻana o nā pōʻino i ka anamnesis, a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā ala ʻōiwi, e like me ka gout, diabetes mellitus a i ʻole rheumatoid arthritis. Eia kekahi, pono ka luna ʻokoʻa i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea maʻi, nā maʻi maʻamau a me nā hōʻailona maʻamau.

Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi maʻi kino, e hoʻoholo ke kauka i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi leo koʻikoʻi, ʻehaʻeha o ka wahi ma ka wahi o ke kuli o ke kuli, ka ʻano o ke ʻano i hiki ke i ai, i ka ʻohe a i ʻole ka maʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki i kahi loea ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua kūpono e ʻike ai i ka hiki ke hiki.

A laila hele pono ka mea maʻi i nā hoʻokolohua laboratorium. E ʻike ai i kahi kaʻina hana maʻi, lawa ia e hoʻāʻo ai i ke koko. E kōkua kahi hōʻike biochemical i mea e ʻike ai i nā pono o ka metabolic. A i mea e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa kekahi mau antibodies i loko o ke kino i ko lākou mau ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻokoʻa, e hana ʻia ana ka immunoassays enzyme.

Hana ʻia ka Radiography e ʻike i ka osteophytes, subluxations, nā hoʻopihapiha i hoʻonui ʻia, a me ka ʻokiʻoki o ka cartilage. Hele pū lākou i ka tomography compute a me nā diagnostics magnetik resonance. Inā he kānalua ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻehaʻeha o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana a me ka oncology, a laila mālama ʻia ka nānā ʻana o nā iwi me ka radioisotopes.

Kūmaʻomaʻo Therapeutic

ʻO Arthropathy, ʻo ka hana e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole, e hana ana i nā kaʻina physiotherapeutic a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko, pono nui i ka ahonui a me ka mālama pono ʻana i nā papa kuhikuhi a ka poʻe loea mai ka mea maʻi. Ke koho nei i nā taktika lapaʻau, pono kona ala pilikino i kēlā me kēia mea maʻi.

Hoʻomaka lākou e mālama i ka arthropathy me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka mumū a me nā maʻi chlamydial, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻike o nā pathology. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole-kala no ka poʻe me ka hopena i hōʻike ʻia e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka mea maʻamau kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Piroxicam, a me Naklofen. Akā ʻo kahi hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻole i kēia mau lāʻau hiki ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano o ka gastropathy.

Inā kōkua ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lapaʻau non-steroid me ka mālama ʻana i ka arthropathy, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau glucocorticoid. ʻO ka meaʻoi loa i kēia hihia ʻo "Methylprednisolone" a "Prednisolone". A i ʻole e pale i nā ʻeha, ka dyspepsia a me ka ʻaʻa i hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā lāʻau lāʻau non-steroidal, pono ke lawe i ka "Misoprostol" a i ʻole "Famotidine".

Ke hoʻohana ʻia ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau, nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka pūʻulu o nā fluoroquinols a me nā macrolides, ʻoiai nā papa mai ka tetracycline: "Minocycline", "Spiramycin", "Ofloxacin" a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana ma kahi mahina.Akā i mea e hoʻopau piha ai i ka chlamydia, i hoʻohui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi ana e hoʻihoʻi hou i ka ʻōpū microflora: Acipol, Lactobacterin, Linex a Bifiform.

Inā pono, e hoʻokau ʻia kekahi hana hōʻeha o ka mea maʻi me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau glucocorticoid i loko a wehe i ka exudate. ʻO ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i ka arthropathy reactive o nā kuʻekuʻe a me nā kuli kuʻuna e kuhikuhi pinepine iā Diprosan no kēia.

No ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko, hoʻohana ʻia nā noi mai ka dimethyl sulfoxide, me nā ʻano anti-inflammatory a me ka ʻaila poni: Dolgit, Fastum Gel, a me Diclofenac. ʻO nā loli o ka maʻi i hiki mai i nā membula a me nā ʻili o ka ʻili, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ia e koi i ka mālama kūikawā.

Ka nānā ʻana

ʻO nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka arthropathy e mālama mau ʻia e ka rheumatologist a i ʻole e lapaʻau ʻia no nā mahina ʻeono. Eia kekahi, pono lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke olakino a me ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻoihana i nā lā 60. ʻO ka prognosis no ka react arthritis i nā manawa he nui ke kūpono a me ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi e pili ana i 3 mau mahina, akā i kekahi mau mea maʻi hiki ke lilo i kūpaʻa me nā hōʻike kino pilikino e hōʻino ʻia i nā membrane mucous, nā maka, nā pūlima a me nā ʻili.

Pehea e pale ai i ka arthropathy

Pono e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻatikala wehewehe mai ka wā kamaliʻi. I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau reactive, pono e mālama ʻia ke keiki i ka manawa kūpono i nā maʻi maʻi āpau āpau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae ʻia e nā kaʻina hana a lākou wale nō. Eia hou, hana pono ʻia kēia ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o kahi kauka a hiki ke hoʻōla hou ʻia.

Ma ka wahi e noho ai, he mea nui e hōʻoia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka lewa a me ke ʻano, me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe. Mai poina e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino. Pono pono nā pale o ka ʻauʻau, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā shampoos kūikawā.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kānalua o ka mua o ka lāʻauʻo Arthropathy, e nīnau koke i kahi kauka. Ma hope wale nō o ka loiloi paʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi kūpono i hana ʻia a me ka hopena kūpono i hōʻike ʻia. Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka makaʻu, a laila pono ʻoe e nānā e ka rheumatologist a hahai pono i kāna mau ʻōlelo a pau.

Wahi a nā ʻano etiological, ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​kauka i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano pathological:

• pili hou Hoʻokumu ka hana o ka holomua o kēia maʻi ma muli o ka hopena o nā kopa a me nā hoʻolālā cartilage i nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana: syringomyelia, leukemia, nā maʻi o nā kuli endocrine,
• ʻano dystrophic. Hoʻoulu ia ma muli o ka malnutree maʻamau o nā hana cartilaginous. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano patologi i ka poʻeʻelemakule, ke hele a hōʻeha kā lākou kino kino i nā hana dystrophic,
• pyrophosphoric arthropathy a i ʻole chondrocalcinosis. Hoʻokumu ka pathology ma muli o ka paleʻole o ka metabolism o nā paʻakai kaleka ma ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO ka hopena, noho lākou ma ka papa o ka cartilage. Hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ʻo Pyrophosphate arthropathy e nā hōʻeha o ke kuli, ka ʻāʻī, ke kuʻikuʻo a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, nā hana hōʻeha, ka hypocalcemia. He mea ia e hoʻomaopopo pono he pyrophosphoric arthropathy e ʻike pinepine ʻia,
• ʻano ʻano idiopathic. Ke kamaʻilio nei lākou e pili ana i kona hoʻomohala inā hiki ʻole i nā mākeke ke hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu i hoʻonāukiuki i ka holomua o ka hana pathological,
• psoriatic arthropathy. Ke hoʻomau nei ka maʻi mai ka psoriasis,
• ʻano hoʻoilina. Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o nā hana cartilage ma ke ʻano genetic. Kuhi pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā keiki ʻōpio.

ʻO kahi maʻi hoʻohui

ʻO ia ka koi nui o ka ka lāʻau arthropathy. He mea kūpono ia e kani pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. No ka laʻana, me ka ʻoi aku ka arthropathy i nā keiki a me nā pākeke, ua pā like nā kuli ʻelua i ka manawa like (me ka hana bilateral).I kēia hihia, ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona like:

• ʻeha Hoʻonui ka ʻeha o ka hōʻeha ma ke ʻano a me ka piʻi ʻana me ka ukana nui ma luna o ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaha maikaʻi, hōʻemi paha ka ʻeha, akā i ke ahiahi e hoʻomoʻi hou. I ka hihia o ka pyrophosphate arthropathy, ulu ka ʻeha i nā hoʻouka ʻana,
• hiki ke hana i ka hana i hoʻopili ʻia. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka holomua o ka ʻĀina arthropathy, aia wale kahi pīniu liʻiliʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā hana maʻamau. Akā e lohi iki, e hoʻemi ka nui o ka neʻe i ka neʻe ʻana a hiki i ka manawa i hiki ʻole ai ke pani ʻia ʻana o kahi hoʻopiʻi.
• hoʻokololi. Ke hoʻololi nei ka mea pili i kona ʻano.
• ka edema a me ka hyperemia o ka ʻili. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ka hanana o kēia mau maʻi, ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi hōʻeha.

Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka heleʻana o ka arthropathy o ke kuʻina o ke kuli, elbow, hip, a me kekahi mea, a i ka wā i hoʻomaka mua o ka holomua o ka pathology. No kēia hopena, hana nā kauka i kahi hoʻokolokolo X-ray. I ke kiʻi, hiki i ka radiologist ke wehewehe i ka manawa o o ka osteoporosis periarticular.

ʻO ka maʻi Urogenital

Hoʻopili i nā mea hui pū kekahi, ua hoʻonā pinepine ka arthropathy i ka holomua o nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i nā kino a me nā ʻōnaehana o ke kino. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka hope o ka pyrophosphate arthropathy a i ʻole kekahi ʻano ʻano o ka maʻi like, nā ʻōnaehana o ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary i loko o nā keiki a me nā pākeke holomua. Akā he mea kūpono ia e hōʻike ana i kahi hōʻike like o ka maʻi i mālama wale ʻia ma ka 30% o nā maʻi.

Hiki i nā luna o ka wahine kūpono ke loaʻa i ke koko intermenstrual, purulent ka hoʻokuʻuʻana mai ka fu, cervicitis, ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū. I nā kāne, hele mai nā hōʻailona o ka prostatitis akene, a hiki ke pilikia paha ke kaʻina o ka urine.

Eia kekahi, i nā pākeke a me nā keiki me ka arthropathy, nā ʻoniʻoni-keu nui a me nā ulia visceral, kahi hōʻia o ka kolamu o spinal, a me ka ʻōnaehana maʻi papalapa e mālama ʻia.

Pono hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā patula a hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi. Hoʻokahi ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua:

• lāʻau mālama maʻi
• hui pūnaʻi maʻi.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā poʻe Antibiotics e pepehi i nā kuʻuna hopohopo i hoʻonāukiuki i ka holomua o ka pathology i nā keiki a me nā maʻi pākeke.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana he 7 lā. ʻO nā huahana koho:

• azithromycin
• dochana
• kekeheneilie,
• paulele
• ofloxacin
• pauxicillin.

Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka hoʻolālā mālama maʻamau:

• anti-inflammatory mau lāʻau (non-steroidal). Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hōʻemi i nā ʻehaʻeha, a hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha;
• immunosuppressants a me immunomodulators. Pono e hoʻonui i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kino,
• inā he paʻakikī koʻikoʻi nā pathology, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā hormones glucocorticoid i ka mea maʻi e hoʻopau i ka hoʻowalapa ʻana i ke kumu o ka hoʻopili ʻana.

No ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi i ka lua o ka mea, ʻo ka mea nui ke mālama i ka ʻae ʻana ma lalo. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka hoʻolālā lāʻau koʻikoʻi:

• kemika (inā he mau maʻi koko ʻōnaehana),
• hana i loko o ka hoʻololi hoʻokele i mua o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine,
• nā mea hana neuroprotective.

Pono lōʻihi ka mālamaʻana i ka arthropathy. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau ke lawe ʻia nei ma ke kumu outpatient a ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi wale nō, ua mālama ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka haukapila.

Hoike ʻike

ʻO ka Arthropathy kahi pōʻino i hoʻopili ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi rheumatic. Hiki i nā maʻi o nā ʻano etiology. Hoʻomau ia ma ke ʻano o ka arthralgia (ʻeha me ka ʻole o ka hūnā ʻana i ke ʻano a me ka hana o ka hui pū ʻana) a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka react arthritis. ʻO ka mea nui ka hōʻike nui i ka ʻĀkau o ke ʻano ka mea e hilinaʻi ai ma ka papa o ke kuʻuna. ʻAʻole palupalu ka loli o ka pathological i nā ʻōpū me ka hapanui o nā maʻi, ua nalowale loa nā hōʻailona articular a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana me ka mālama kūpono ʻana o ka maʻi ʻokoʻa.

Hoʻolau Arthropathy

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻeha pū me ke kua o kahi hopena kūlohelohe. Hiki i ke Arthropathy ke hoʻomohala koke ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me kahi allergen, a i ʻole i kekahi mau lā ma hope. ʻO ke kūloko ʻana e kau nei i ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi pakanā: ka hiki ʻana o ke kuni, ka ʻūhā ʻia, lymphadenopathy, bronchial obstructive syndrome, a pēlā aku ʻo Hypergammaglobulinemia, eosinophilia, nā kihi plasma a me nā antibodie IgG i ʻike ʻia e nā hoʻāʻo koko. Hōʻike nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lāʻauʻala ma hope o ka desensitizing therapy.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Arthropathy ma Reuters Syndrome

ʻO ka maʻi Reiter ka triad e hui pū kekahi i nā kino o ka ʻike, nā hui a me ka pūnaehana genitourinary. ʻO ka manawa pinepine loa, lilo ka chlamydia i ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi pinepine o ka maʻi maʻi e ka salmonella, shigella, yersinia, a i ʻole e kū mai ma hope o ka enterocolitis. Hoʻopilikia ka poʻe me ka predisposition hoʻoilina. Hōʻike pinepine nā ʻōmole ma kahi ʻano e like me: ka mua o ka maʻi a me ka maʻi urogenital (cystitis, urethritis) a i ka enterocolitis, ma hope iki, hōʻino ʻia ka maka (conjunctivitis, uveitis, iridocyclitis, retinitis, keratitis, iritis) a ma hope o 1-1.5 mau mahina, ʻĀpala . ^ E Ha yM. I kēia hihia, hiki i nā hōʻailona o nā maka ke hele mai i loko o 1-2 mau lā, e ʻoluʻolu a hele a ʻike ʻole ʻia.

ʻO Arthropathy kahi hōʻailona alakaʻi o ka maʻi Reiter a lilo pinepine i kumu kumu no ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua olakino. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka asymmetric arthritis me ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hoʻopili o nā ʻoiʻī o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: ʻīpī, ke kuli a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka wāwae. Ma kēia hihia, ua kau nā loulou, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua paʻa nā ʻano ʻelua i nā ʻōkuhi, mai lalo a lalo, me ke ʻano o kekahi mau lā. ʻO ka mea maʻi me ka arthropathy e hoʻopiʻi i ka ʻeha e hoʻoikaika i ka pō a i ke kakahiaka. Ka huhū nā ʻōpū, ua ʻike ʻia ka hyperemia kūloko, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hopena i kekahi mau maʻi. I kekahi manawa aia nā hōʻeha ma ka pōpoki, ulu ka sacroileitis, hiki ke kūmole i ka calcaneal bursitis me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolālāʻana o nā kiko me ka maʻi o ka tendon Achilles.

Hana ʻia ke ʻano maʻi ma ke kumu o ka mōʻaukala olakino, nā hōʻailona, ​​ka laboratory a me nā haʻawina hoʻokō. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi moʻolelo o ka enteritis a i ʻole ka maʻi urinary, ʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi me ka arthropathy no ke kūkākūkā me nā poʻe akamai kūpono: gastroenterologist, urologist, a me venereologist. I ka hihia o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka maka, pono e kūkākūkā ʻia kahi ophthalmologist.

I loko o nā hōʻike koko, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ke kuniu, i nā hoʻokolohua i ka urine, kahi helu leukocytes liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi paha. E ʻike i ka chlamydia, hana ʻia ka ʻoka ʻana mai ka waʻi cervical, urethra a me ka conjunctiva. Ke kahe aku nei i ka radiography o ke kuli a me nā kuʻekuʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi kikoʻī o nā pihi me nā pūniki o ka periarticular osteoporosis. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā kuʻekuʻe x-ray i ka hele ʻana o kahi kuʻekuʻe pili. ʻO X-ray o ka wāwae e hōʻike ana i ka hele ʻana o ka periostitis, ka hū a me nā spurs o nā iwi metatarsal a me nā iwi o nā phalanges o nā manamana lima.

Hoʻomaopopo ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka pā ma lalo a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka arthropathy e kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau antichlamydia, inā pono, analgesics a me NSAIDs. Ma 50% o nā hihia, nalowale ka nalowale, ʻo ka 30% o nā mea maʻi i hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o ka lāʻau, i ka 20% o nā hihia, aia kahi papa maʻi o ka arthropathy me ka hoʻomohala nui aʻe o nā hōʻailona a me ka hana hoʻohui like ʻole.

Hoʻopilikia no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe

Hiki i nā Arthropathies ke loaʻa me nā helu parasit a me nā maʻi maʻi he nui. ʻO ka Trichinosis, brucellosis, a me nā maʻi Lyme e hōʻike ʻia e ka volthile arthralgia, i kekahi manawa me ka hoʻohui meal myalgia. Me ka rubella, hiki i ka symmetric polyarthritis ke kū nei. ʻO ka Arthropathies me nā puʻupuʻu e like me ke kiʻi o ka lāʻau o ka lākau rheumatoid: ʻo ka mumū i nā ʻōpū e paʻa ʻole, he migratory i loko o ke ʻano a hele pū kekahi me ka maʻi o ka pericardium.ʻO ka mononucleosis maʻi a me ka poopū moa i hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ka arthropathy ma ke ʻano o ka arststst arst, e haʻalele koke me ka hoʻopau o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lalo.

Hoʻoulu ka Arthropathy me ka maʻi meningococcal e pili ana i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻohi pinepine ka monoarthritis o ka ʻeke kuli e ʻike pinepine ʻia, ʻaʻole pinepine i ka polyarthritis o nā nui like. Me ka hepatitis viral, hiki i ka arthropathies i ke ʻano o ka arthralgia a i ʻole ka lele aʻe ʻana paha me ka lesima symmetric ka nui o nā ʻāʻī o nā kuli a me nā ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi o ka lima, ka mea maʻamau e kū mai nei i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, ma mua o ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai ka jaundice. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e ka nui o nā hōʻailona articular: hiki i ka arthritis me nā arthralgia ke hiki, i kekahi mau manawa pili ʻia ke ʻano o ARS e pili ana i nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me nā kuli lehelehele, i hui pū ʻia e ka maʻi ʻehaʻeha o kahi limahana a me nā hōʻeha ikaika.

I kēia mau hihia āpau, nalowale koke nā hōʻailona articular i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ma lalo.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Arthropathy no vasculitis

Me ka periarteritis nodosa, Takayasu syndrome, a me Cherge-Strauss granulomatosis, arthropathies e kū pinepine ana i kahi o ka arthralgia. Me nā maʻi Kawasaki, hiki i ka arthralgia a me ka ʻili o ka maʻi. Me ka maʻi Shenlein-Genoch a me ka granulomatosis Wegener, aia kahi pāpale symmetric o nā hōʻiliʻili nui, kahi maʻi mamae paʻa ʻole e kū'ē i ke kaʻe ʻana o ka umauma periarticular.

ʻO Arthropathy no nā maʻi endocrine

ʻO ka hana maʻamau e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o ka hormonal ʻo ka menopause a i ʻole ka ovariogenic arthropathy. Hoʻoulu ka hui pūʻana i ke ʻano o ka menopause a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hana ovarian ma muli o nā kumu ʻē aʻe (ka wehe ʻana i ke kaʻa ʻana, ka maʻi radiation ma muli o ka neoplasm malignant). ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine keu ma mua o ka lāʻau arthropathy. Ua hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi o nā wāwae ma lalo, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā kuli ʻuli. ʻO ka ʻeha, ka ʻāʻī, ke kīwaha ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka huehue. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana - ma mua o ka edema, a laila ma muli o nā hana dystrophic. I nā hoʻomaka mua, ʻike maʻamau ke kiʻi x-ray, ma ka MRI o nā mea kuʻuna a i ka wā arthroscopy o ke kuli o ke kuli, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mānoanoa o ka membē synovial. Ma hope iho, ke ʻike nei ka gonarthrosis a me ka arthrosis o nā hoʻopili o ka wāwae. Ma hope o ke koho ʻana i kahi hana kūpono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ai, a nalo paha a nalo.

Hoʻokomo ka hapanui ʻo ka maʻi maʻamau i nā wahine ʻōpio i loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes i ka maʻi 6 no 6 mau makahiki a keu paha, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka hana kūpono a me ka hemahema. Loaʻa ka lesion i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, nā ʻāpana o ka wāwae. Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ka paʻa me nā kuli a me nā kuʻekuʻe, i loko o ke kaʻina hana, a ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka spine a me nā hononga o nā hopena o luna. No ka mea i ka laahi arthropathy maʻi, kahi kikowaena o ka holomua holomua ʻenehana i ka ʻano. I nā radiographs, hōʻike ʻia nā kumuhana o osteolysis, osteoporosis a me osteosclerosis, hoʻoweliweli o nā ʻalā o nā mea ʻala a me nā osteophytes. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi hānai e alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka arthropathy, eia naʻe, me ka lāʻau hoʻokalakupua koʻikoʻi, pono ʻia ka lāʻau e hoʻopau ai i ka ʻeha a hoʻihoʻi i ka cartilage.

Ua lilo ka Hyperparathyroidism i ke kumu o ka hoihoʻi ʻana a ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka iwi iwi, aʻo nā kūlohelohe e kūliʻi ana i ka cartilage articular, kūkulu nā chrokalokalosis articular. Hōʻike ʻia ka Arthropathies i ke ʻano o nā ʻeha lele e lele ana i nā kihi, waha ʻehā - a me ka polyarthritis. Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hyperfunction a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana i ka adenoma parathyroid, e nalowale nā ​​hōʻailona articular.

Hiki i ka maʻi Hyperthyroidism, ʻo ia mau ʻano paʻakikī, hiki ke hele pū me ka arthropathies. Hiki paha nā arthritis a me ka arthralgia, i kekahi manawa i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻehaʻeha o ke kino. ʻAno maikaʻi ka kiʻi X-ray, ʻike ʻia nā mea nānā o ka osteoporosis ākea.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Diagnosis ma nā hōʻike kikola. ʻO ka Therapy o ka lalo o ka maʻi e alakaʻi ai i kahi hōʻemi a nalo paha i ka arthropathy.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka Hypothyroidism e ka pōʻino i nā ʻōpū nui, pinepine nā kuli-pihi. ʻEha hiki ke ʻeha. Hoʻohui pū ʻia ʻo Arthropathies me myalgia, ʻo ka ʻoi ʻana a me ka nāwaliwali o ka naʻau. X-ray kiʻi ʻole ka loli. Me ka hoʻolālāʻana o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā kamaliʻi, ka hoʻololi a me ka neʻe ʻana o ke poʻo wahine me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aʻalani o ka hip hope hiki.

Inā nele ka ʻike glandary, hōʻino ʻia i ka kuʻi a me nā iwi kuʻuna o nā wāwae. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ulu ka kyphosis cervical i ka hui pū me ka decalcification o ka sternum a me nā iwi. Hiki ke loli ka lō ʻana a me nā laha paʻa. Hōʻike ʻia ka Arthropathy e ka ʻeha i ke kua a i hope a me nā ʻāpana o nā wāwae. Uncharacteristic ole a ʻoihana.

Hoʻopau me Arthropathy me kahi palani somatic

ʻO Arthropathy ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi migratory arthritis e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi Crohn a me ka ulitisative colitis. Hoʻopā pinepine ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me nā kuli. Me ka colitis ulcerative, ʻo ka maʻa o ka ʻāʻī o ka hip a me ka ʻeha o ka spinal e hiki ai. Hōʻike nā hōʻike āpau o ka arthropathy ma luna o lākou iho i loko o 1-2 mau mahina.

ʻO ka arthropathy kaulana loa no nā maʻi o nā kino o loko, ʻo Marie-Bamberger syndrome - deformation o nā manamana lima ma ke ʻano o nā pahu kila a me nā kui i ke ano o nā aniani nānā. ʻO ke kumu o ka deformasi ka ossifying periostosis o ka iwi tubular distal, e ulu ana mai ka hopena o ka iwi iwi i ka haunaele ʻana i ka hoʻāla o ka acid-base a me ka nele o ka oxygen. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi pinepine e loaʻa me nā maʻi pūlohi (ka pūpū māmā, nā maʻi maʻi cavernous, nā maʻi ʻokoʻa). Hiki iā ia ke hana me ka cirrhosis, lōʻihi endocarditis septic a me kekahi mau puʻuwai naʻau congenital. Hōʻike ʻo Arthropathies i ka ʻeha puʻuwai koʻikoʻi. Hiki i ka minema edema.

Hoʻohālikelike X-ray i ka lāʻau ademula rheumatoid

ʻO ka hōʻike o ka radiological o ke kuʻi rheumatoid e like me nā mea o ka maʻi āpau. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o kēia pathology i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā hōʻailona i hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻenehana radiological. I kēlā me kēia pae, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau loli o ke ʻano o nā mea hoʻohui, ka mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana.

X-ray i ka wā o ka lāʻau rheumatoid e puka:

• Manaʻo 1st. Hoʻohālikelike ia me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o nā kiko periarticular a me nā ʻohana oste o ke osteoporosis i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā lima a me nā wāwae.
• 2 hana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka osteoporosis periarticular, ka mea e hoʻopili ai i nā pākuʻi nui (pulima, ankel). ʻO ka paʻi ʻana o ka pālua a me ka deform (erosion) o ka papa ʻike o nā iwi i nā ʻili i hoʻopili ʻia ʻia.
• 3 ʻano. E pale aku i ke kua o nā loli i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, hiki ke nānā ʻia kahi hoʻololi o ka ʻaoʻao o ka iwi i nā iwi, hiki ke loaʻa i nā subluxations a me nā dislocations i nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia.
• 4 kūlohelohe. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka luku ʻana i ka cartilage articular a me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i ka kinaki o nā ʻalopelo me nā iwi kekahi, kahi e hiki ai i ka nalowale o ka hana i ka ʻāʻī o nā ʻili. Aia kahi kaha kiʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā iwi o ka wāwae a me ka ʻili.

MRI no ka maʻi kuʻuna o nā huina

Hoʻomaka a Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kahi noi ʻenehana e pili ana i ka hopena o ka neʻe ʻana o ke kaila magnetic resonance. ʻO kēia ka mea maoli e like me kēia - i ka wā i kau ʻia ai nā kiko o ke kino o ke kanaka i kahi kīkoki ikaika, ke ʻano o ka nuclei o kā lākou mau hāmeʻe i kekahi mau loli, a ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i kēia kahua ua hoʻi lākou i ko lākou ʻano mua, ka mālamalama ʻenehana, ka nui o ka mea i hilinaʻi i ka ʻano o ka mana kiko.ʻIke ʻia ka ikehu radiated e nā mea ʻike kūikawā, a e pili ana i ka ʻike i loaʻa, hoʻokumu ka kamepiula i kahi kiʻi kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano nui o ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Me ka ʻeha, hiki i ka MRI ke ʻike:

• ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o nā ʻili palupalu,
• deformity halekula,
• artifica iwi hōʻano,
• ka hele ana o ka wai a i ʻole paha i ka lua i loaʻa (ʻoi aku kahi liʻiliʻi)
• ka hoʻololi o ke kaʻina hana a me ka ʻōpala periarticular (ligament, uaua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).

Ke kikowaena no ka maʻi maʻi

Hōʻike iki ka ultrasound (ultrasound) o nā pūhaka me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai puna e hōʻuluʻulu i ka lua hui i nā pae mua o ka lāʻau. Aʻo ia hoʻi, he maikaʻi kēia ala no ka nānā ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka membrane synovial a me ka nānā ʻana i ka pannus i ka lāhe rheumatoid, e hoʻoholo ana i ka mānoanoa o ka hui pū ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā deformities o ka iwi.

Inā pono, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ultrasound Doppler (Doppler ultrasound). Ma kēia noiʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loiloi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokahe koko i nā ʻōpū, ʻike i ka hōʻino o nā kīʻaha koko (nā ʻalala a i ʻole nā ​​veins) a hoʻolālā i nā ʻano hana no ka mālama maʻi.

Puncture (puncture) o ka pānaʻi me ka maʻi ʻaluhi

Hiki i ka Puncture o ka hui ke loaʻa i kekahi nui o nā kahe synovial mai kona lua, kahi hiki ke loiloi hou ʻia i loko o ka ʻoihana. ʻO ke kahe synovial maʻamau he aniani, viscous, he kukui melemele ke kukui, ka sterile (ʻaʻole i nā bacteria a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe). ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o nā cell i loko o ka 1 miliona miliona i ka 1 lita (ʻo ka nui kēia o nā ʻāpana o ka membrane synovial a me nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo).

Ke hele nei ka lua o ka lua me ke kala, a loli paha ke kala o ka synovial i ka melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hina paha, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pus. Hele lilo ʻia ka lihilihi a hoʻomoʻi ʻia, ulaula, ʻike ʻia kahi mea ʻona i loko ona, i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e nā māhele o nā mea i luku ʻia o ka membrane synovial. Hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o nā mea i loko o ka wai o synovial (me ka aria purulent, hiki i kēia helu ke lilo i mau haneli mau manawa ma mua o ka maʻamau). ʻO ka ʻike ʻana o ka pono rheumatoid a me C-reactive protein e hōʻike pinepine nei i nā maʻi rheumatic.

ʻUnclelo Hoʻohui Kūʻai
Pane iki kēia kaʻina hana, akā makemake ia i kauka i ʻike i ka anatomy o nā hoʻopukapuka, i ʻole e hōʻino i ka lāʻau kuʻi me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kīʻaha koko. Pono e kaʻina ʻia nā kaʻina hana i ka nohona maikaʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia, ka mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ka maʻi pū.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka puncture, moe ka mea maʻi a noho paha i luna o ka moena i kahi kūlana ʻoluʻolu (ʻokoʻa ia i kēlā me kēia manawa a hilinaʻi ia i ka hui a paʻa e hoʻolālā ʻia nei). I mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai, mālama i ke kauka i ka manawa o ka punc i manaʻo ʻia me kahi hopena ʻona, a laila hoʻomanawanui a hoʻomanani pono i kahi nū māiʻu i ka lua i hoʻopili ʻia, kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka ʻili. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻala pono no nā puncture diagnostic, ʻoiai i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai ka wai, hiki ke ulu ʻia ko lākou lumen me nā pūlima purulent a i ʻole clots cell.

Ke komo nei i ka pāʻani ma lalo o ka 0.5 - 1,5 cm (ma muli o ka nui o ka pume punctured), huki iki ke kauka i ka syringe plunger, e hōʻiliʻili i kekahi nui o ka wai synovial (a i ʻole me ka purulent arthritis). Ma hope o kēlā, lawe pono ʻia ka syringe, a hoʻopili ʻia kahi kapa pale i ka wahi ʻoi.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka mea maʻi e holoi a holoi ʻole i ka pae puncture no 1 a hiki i 2 lā ke pale aku i ka maʻi mai.

ʻO nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi maʻi

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi a hoʻomaopopo ʻole paha, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā haʻawina paʻakikī hou loa e ʻike ai i ke kumu o ka maʻi.

E hōʻoia i ka lāʻau kuʻuna, pono ʻoe:

• ʻAmelika. Ma kēia noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea hoʻoneʻe radiopaque kūikawā i loko o ka lua hoʻohui.Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi ma mua o ka cartilage articular, lig lig intraarticular a me ka membrane synovial i ka wā o ka hōʻike x-ray e hiki mai ana.
• Naopiana I kēia noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi tubo ipo i loko o ka lua o ka hoʻopuʻi ʻia, a ma ka hope he kiʻi liʻiliʻi ʻo ia kekahi wikiō liʻiliʻi. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe iā ʻoe iho e nānā i ke kuʻuna a me nā ʻāpana intraarticular (synovial membrane, ligament, cartilage) a inā pono, hana pono kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Ke aʻo ʻana ʻo Radioisotope. ʻO ka ʻano nui o kēia noiʻi ʻana penei - kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa kūikawā (no ka laʻana, pyrophosphate a i technetium) paha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka vein mea maʻi, kahi mea koho kohi i ka foci o ka mumū. Inā ma kahi o kahi noiʻi ma hope (e lawe ʻia ana me ka mea hana kūikawā) he piʻi ma ke ʻano o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lua articular, ʻike ʻia ke kūleʻa o ke kuʻuna. ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o kēia ala ka mea e hiki ai ke nānā i ke kaʻina maʻi i nā wā mua o kona kūkulu.
• ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Ma kēia haʻawina, loiloi ke kūloko o ke aniani i hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi keʻena wela kūikawā (ma luna o nā palu i hoʻoulu ʻia, e hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana ma o kekahi mau kiʻekiʻe).
• Nā umauma densitometry. Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia kaʻina hana, hiki i ka huli ʻana o ka iwi ke noiʻi ʻia, kahi e hoʻohana ai e loiloi i ke ʻano o osteoporosis.
• Biopsy Hoʻopili i kahi biopsy ka lawe ʻana o kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ʻole o nā mea intraarticular e like me ka laʻana (ka hoʻohālike, ka membova synovial) a me kāna hana hou ʻana i ka lua. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe e maopopo i nā crystals o ka uric acid me ka gout, nā ʻano paʻakikī ʻē aʻe me ka rheumatoid a i ʻole reactive arthritis, a pēlā aku. ʻO Biopsy kahi ʻano palekana o ka noiʻi, i kēia lā e hana ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka arthroscopy.