ʻO ke ʻano o ka kolamu ma ka wā a me ka wahine he papa mākaukau

ʻO nā mea hōʻike i ka lipid metabolism, ʻo kekahi o ia kolamu, he hana nui ma ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻemi cardiovascular. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka like ʻana o ka mea e loaʻa ana i ka puʻuwai a i hōʻeha a make mai lākou mai lākou i nā makahiki 10 e hiki mai ana. He aha ka hana o ke kolamu ma ke koko a pehea e hana ai inā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia?

No ke aha e pono ai ʻoe e nānā i ka kolamu

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole ia kahi māhele o ka metabolism, akā he mea koʻikoʻi. I loko o kona hoʻolālā, he paakiki paʻakikī-e like me ka waiʻona. Ma kahi o 20% o ka nui o nā kolamu he exogenous kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hoʻolako ʻia me ka meaʻai. ʻO ke koena, ka endogenous, ke ʻike ʻia e nā ʻāpana kūloko, ma o ke ʻano nui o nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana.

Hoʻolilo ʻo Cholesterol ma loko o nā biosynthesis āpau o nā testosterone a me nā hoʻonaninani kāne, ʻoiai he lepo ia no lākou. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia kahi mea hana hale no nā paia pā a me nā membrane, e komo ai i ka hoʻololi o ka vitamina D.

ʻO ia iho, he pūhui paʻa nā kolesterol, no laila, i ka mea e halihali ʻia i nā ʻāpana a me nā mea pili, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā "protein lawe". ʻO ka conglomerole hopena e kapa ʻia he lipoprotein. Ekolu o lākou mau ʻano - HDL, LDL a me VLDL (kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻokoʻa). Pono ke kanaka makua i kēia mau ʻōuli āpau, akā i loko o nā palena o nā ʻano maʻamau a me kahi hapa ma waena o kekahi.

ʻO ka lipoproteins kahakaha haʻahaʻa, kapa ʻia ka "bad" kolesterol, a me HDL - "maikaʻi." ʻO kēia no ke ʻanoʻokoʻa o kā lākou waiwai. ʻOi aku ka laka ʻo nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻopale i kēlā me kēia a i ka paia o nā lāʻau. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻonui ai ko lākou ʻike i ke koko, hoʻomaka lākou e noho ma waena o nā hua o ka endothelium, e hoʻoiho ai i nā ʻōnaehana ma loko. Ma hope aku, hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻoka ʻana atherosclerotic i nā ʻano like ʻole. LDL ka hana i ke kaʻina o ka trombosis, no ka mea e hoʻopili pū ai lākou ʻaʻole wale kekahi i kekahi, akā pū kekahi me nā papa koko nui.

Ke hoʻomoe nei kēia ʻano hana i kahi maʻi e like me ke vascular atherosclerosis. ʻAʻole ke hōʻike i ke kaʻina e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻike i ka cholesterol kino e hōʻike ʻia i waho, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻomau ka maʻi i nā papa mua ʻaʻohe ʻano hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona lapaʻau. I ka hoʻomaka mua, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka lapalapa ma ke kaohi ʻana biochemical i ke koko mai kahi vein.

Ua ʻike koke ʻia ka loli o ka pae ʻana o ka pae kolamu maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ke ala hou. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, inā ʻike ʻia nā lula lipid ma ka manawa a ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia iā lākou iho e like me nā hoʻopiʻi, a laila e hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia i ka pilikia ma ka hoʻoponopono wale ʻana i ka meaʻai. Inā ʻaʻole, inā e haʻalele ʻia ke kūlana a hōʻike hope loa, a laila ʻaʻole nui ke ʻano o ka hoʻōla no ka hoʻōla - ua kauoha ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a i kekahi mau mea, maʻi lapaʻau.

ʻO ka papa ʻaina o ke kolamu o ke koko ma nā wahine a me nā kāne

He aha nā heluhelu kolamu e manaʻo ʻia he maʻamau i loko o ke kanaka olakino? ʻAʻole pili kekahi kikoo honua. Ua hoʻoili ʻia ia e nā kumu he nui, ʻo ke kumu nui o ka wahine a me nā makahiki. Hoʻokumu ʻia i kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua, ua hōʻuluʻulu nā kauka i kahi papaʻaina i ka makahiki me ka pae o ka kolesterol maʻamau.

Kahi ʻia nā ʻōuli no ka pae maʻamau o nā lipid pae a ua ʻano like ʻole no kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻO kēia ke kumu o nā ʻano mea e like me ke ʻano o ka meaʻai, ka nohona, ka pae o ka hana kino, ka hele ʻana o nā ʻano hana maikaʻi, nā ʻano ʻōnaehana genetically, a me nā mea e hoʻonaninani i ka maʻamau kolesterol.

Hoʻopilikia ākea, i nā kiko o ka hopena o ka atherosclerosis, ʻo ia ka makahiki ma hope o 35-40 mau makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, hele a hoʻololi ka hormonal i ke kino a me nā loli mua ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻōlelo lipid. No ka laʻana, ma ka 35 makahiki mau makahiki, he 6.58 mau ʻāpana o ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻamau, a ma ka 40, a hiki i 6.99 mmol / l ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei he pae e pono ai no nā kāne me ka kolamu āpau.

ʻO ke kanaka makua ka lilo, ʻo nā maʻi hou aʻe e pili ana, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kino. Hoʻopili kēia mau mea hou i ka pilikia o nā hoʻopiʻi i nā maʻi lipid. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, maʻi maʻi coronary - i ka poʻe kahiko, ua maʻamau kēia mau maʻi. No lākou, ka palena o ka cholesterol e hoohaahaa, mai ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā hana hoʻohālikelike o ka ʻōnaehana vascular. No laila, ʻo ka pae kuhikuhi no ka IHD, nā hōʻeha a i ʻole hōʻeha ka naʻau ma ka anamnesis ʻo 2.5 mmol / L ma lalo o ka palena palena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻamau no kēlā me kēia makahiki.

I ka makahiki o 50, ua ʻike ʻia nā loli o ka maʻamau o ka cholesterol i nā wahine. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hormones, kahi hoʻololi i ko lākou hope a me ka emi ʻana o ka pono no ka kolamu o ka pūnaehana endocrine. I nā kāne ma hope o 55, a ʻoi aku ka pinepine ma hope o 60 mau makahiki, lilo ke kumukūʻai maʻamau a emi iki ka wā me ka ʻelemakule.

I ka wehe ʻana o nā keʻena ʻana i nā pākeke, pono e hoʻolohe pono ʻaʻole wale nō i nā ʻano o nā kolamu nui. He like nui nā waiwai o ka triglycerides, hewa a maikaʻi kolesterol (LDL a me HDL, kēlā me kēia), a me ka coefficient o ka atherogenicity.

ʻO wai ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe loa e loaʻa i ka mea

Wahi a nā haʻawina, ʻo ke kolamu kiʻekiʻe ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia kanaka, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he mau helu e manaʻo ʻia ana he nui a he liʻiliʻi hoʻi paha. Hōʻike nā kuhi o ka cholesterol mai ka 5.2 i ka 6.19 mmol / l i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia. Me kēia mau helu, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā kuhina ʻē aʻe o ka mika lipid, a mahele nui ma LDL. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huina o ka kolamu, e like me ka ka helu ʻana, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 6.2 mmol / l, a laila ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano pōʻino i ke olakino me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis.

ʻO keʻano o ka kolamu a me ka coefficient atherogenic

Loaʻa ka ʻike kolamu o ke koko i loko o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kona mau ʻāpana like ʻole. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau mea i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o kekahi mau kukala o ke ʻano, akā ke kūpono hoʻi ka pilina. ^ E Ha yM. No ka laʻana, ʻo ia kahi pākuhi i loko o ka hoʻokalakupua e like me ka atherogenic coefficient e hōʻike ana i ka pae o ka maikaʻi, a maikaʻi ʻai kōloli HDL a i piha ka cholesterol.

Hiki i ka koepeke atherogenic hiki ke hōʻike pololei i ka kaila o ka momona metabolism. Hāʻawi lākou i ia ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona kuhikuhi o ka lipid-lowing therapy. No ka heluʻana iā ia, pono ia e lawe i ka waiwai o ka cholesterol maikaʻi mai nā waiwai o ke kolamu o ka kolamu a hoʻokaʻawale i ka hopena i hopena i loko o HDL.

ʻO ka pae kūpono o ka coefficient atherogenic e pili me kekahi pae.

• 2.0–2, 8. He mau kānaka like ʻole ma ka poʻe ma lalo o 30 makahiki.
• 3.0-3.5. ʻO kēia mau waiwai ka pae i pae pae ma ka poʻe ma mua o 30 no ka mea ʻole o ka hoʻokolohua a me nā hōʻailona kulekele o kahi kaʻina atherosclerotic.
• Ma luna o 4. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia helu kiʻekiʻe. ʻO keʻano ia o ka mea maʻi me kahi maʻi maʻi o ka naʻau coronary.

Wahi a nā ʻōnaehana o ka honua, pili ka lipid metabolism i ke ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo pili i kēia:

• huina kolamu - a hiki i 5 mmol / l,
• hoʻihoihoi - a hiki i 2,
• LDL - hiki i ka 3,
• ʻLLLL - mai 1,
• coofficient atherogenic - a i ʻo 3 mau pūʻulu.

Pono e hāpai i ka noʻonoʻo o ke ʻano o ka cholesterol ke kī o ka ʻōnaehana olakino olakino. No laila, pono ʻoe e hana i kēlā me kēia e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo lipid.

Hiki ke hana i kēia ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau hoʻolaʻa hypocholesterol. Pono e hoʻemi ʻia i ka nui o nā meaʻai holoholona, ​​ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaʻai i ʻole i ʻoki ʻia, i nā mea kanu hou a me nā hua. Ma kaʻai me ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe e hele maikaʻi me ke ola kino, nā hana kino dosed - ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kakahiaka, jogging. Ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ka kolamu, a laila e hoʻokō i kahi hopena ʻoi aku, koho ke kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia mai nā pūʻulu o nā statins a i nā fibrates paha.

ʻO ke kolamu o ke koko he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke olakino. I ka hoʻomakaʻana o kona mau waiwai i ka palena o ka palena maʻamau, ʻo ka hopena o ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana vascular a me ka naʻau - atherosclerosis, nā hōʻeha a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai - hoʻonui.

ʻO nā pae mua o kēia kaʻina hana ʻaʻohe hōʻailona ma waho a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma o ka nānā ʻana. No laila, he mea nui loa ia e hana pinepine i ka lipidograms pale i ka manawa nui, no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻomaka koke ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kahi loea kūikawā e loiloi i nā ʻano kūpono a kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī.

Ka hana o ke kolamu ma ke kino

Ma ka ʻano kemika, komo ka cholesterol i ka papa o nā alelo i nā lipophilic. He mea koʻikoʻi ia no ke kino, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻohui i nā membrane a pili ʻia i loko o ke kō o ka:

• hormones - testosterone, cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen, progesterone,
• Waiwai D3
• huaʻō nā hua ʻino.

Ma kahi o 80% o ka kolamu e hua ʻia e nā ʻōpū o nā kānaka (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ate), 20% ka ʻai ʻia me ka meaʻai.

ʻAʻole hoʻopau kēia mea i ka wai, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke neʻe me ka kahe koko iā ia iho. No kēia, nakinaki ia i nā protein kūikawā - apolipoproteins. ʻO nā mea hopena hopena e kapa ʻia he lipoproteins.

ʻO kekahi o lākou he kuleana kiʻekiʻe (HDL), aʻo kekahi mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL). Hoʻokuʻu ka mea mua i ka momona momona mai ke kino, ke noho nei ka mea hope ma nā paia vascular, e komo i ka hana o nā pā plika atherosclerotic.

No laila, inā hiki i ka "lip" maikaʻi, ʻike mākou HDL, a "maikaʻi" - LDL. ʻO ka huakaʻi kolamu ka huina o nā lipoproteins āpau.

Lawe ʻia kahi hōʻike o ka lipid metabolism e nānā i ka hopena o kahi kanaka e ulu ana i ka atherosclerosis a me nā hoʻopiʻi cardiovascular (e nānā pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kīʻaha o ka lolo ma aneʻi).

ʻOiai ka mea i loko o nā kāne a me nā wahine, ua hoʻohālikelike ka hana o ke kolamu ma ke koko (ma ka papaʻaina i kēlā makahiki ma lalo nei), i ka lāʻau lapaʻau aia nā mau kuhikuhi e kau ʻia.

Ke alakaʻi nei nā kauka i kā lākou hana e nā kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka World Health Organization. He like lākou me kēia:

Kālā kolamu (ka helu o ke ana ka ʻai ma ʻaneʻi is mmol / l):

• maʻamau - a hiki i 5.2,
• ua hoʻonui - 5, - 6.1,
• kiʻekiʻe - keu 6.2.

LDL:

• a hiki i ka 3.10
• hoʻonui - 3.4-4.1,
• kiʻekiʻe - 4.1-4.9,
• kiʻekiʻe loa - ma luna o 4.9.

Nā HDL:

• he 1.55 a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe
• ʻo ka palena maʻamau loa 1.0-1.3 i nā kāne, 1.3-1.5 no nā wahine,
• ka hopena kiʻekiʻe - ka liʻiliʻi o ka 1.0 no nā kāne, 1.3 no nā wahine.

Kahi manaʻo maopopo o ke ʻano o ka cholesterol i ke koko i hāʻawi ʻia e nā papa, e hōʻike ana i kāna mau pono kūpono no nā kāne a me nā wahine ma hope o 40-60 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā makahiki 40 he mau ka palena ma hope o laila he nui kiʻekiʻe e hiki mai ana i ka maʻi o vascular a me ka maʻi puʻuwai e pili ana i ka atherosclerosis.

ʻO ke kolamu maʻamau i nā wahine

Hōʻike ka papa i ke ʻano o ke kolamu o ke koko i nā wahine o nā ʻano like ʻole.

Nā makahiki

Kālā kolamu

LDL

KĀLLL

E like me ka ʻike ma ka papaʻaina, ma nā wahine ma hope o ke mau makahiki he 50, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol maʻamau a me ka LDL i ke koko ka nui o ka ulu. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ka hana hoʻoponopono hormonal (i mālama ʻia e ka endocrinologists) i hele mai i ka wā menopause. ʻO ka hoʻomau nā kaʻina o nā metabola i kēia makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kino e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā lipids.

ʻO ke kolamu maʻamau i nā kāne

Eia ka lalo o ke ʻano o ka cholesterol koko i nā kāne, pili ʻia i ka makahiki.

Nā makahiki

Kālā kolamu

LDL

KĀLLL

I nā kāne, ʻo ka loaʻa mua o ka pilikia o ka atherosclerosis a me nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli (stroke, hōʻeha ka naʻau) i ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole pale ʻia ko lākou naʻau a me nā kīʻaha koko e ka hana o nā hormone wahine. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻelima i ka ʻoi aku o ka wahine ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wahine.

Inā ʻoe e nānā pono i nā ʻōkuhi o ka kolamu i ka papaʻaina, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke ʻano o kona ʻano i ke koko i nā kāne ma hope o ka 60 mau makahiki o ka hoʻēmi ʻia. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻolohi i ka metabolism, ke hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā hana kino a pau.

Nā kumu o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Cholesterol

I nā wahine a me nā kāne ma hope o 40 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka kolamu ma ke koko ma muli o nā ʻano genetic i ka lipid metabolism, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka cholesterol koko:

• nā maʻi o ka ate, ka ʻōpū ʻana,
• ulaula
• nā mea maʻi o ka pancreas, prostate gland,
• kohola
• ka hiki ʻana o ke aʻalolo kahi ākea (nā kumu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi keiki i ka wahine i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi),
• endocrine pathology (ʻaʻole lawa i ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu ulu ʻana, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism).

I nā wahine, hiki i ka hapai ke lilo i kumu kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke koko e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka maʻamau. Ma kēia e ʻike ʻia i nā mea e hoʻolālā e hoʻohiwahiwa ma hope o 40 makahiki.

Ua nānā ʻia nā waiwai lipid loa i ka:

• nele, poina,
• pālahalā nui
• nā maʻi ākea (ka mālama ke kauka i ka lāʻau maʻi maʻi nui),
• sepsis
• nā maʻi hōʻeha o ka ʻāʻī (kahi i mālama ʻia a mālama ʻia e kekahi oncologist),
• kekahi mauʻano o ke anemia,
• nā maʻi ʻeha a me ke ʻano (pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi bronchitis i heluhelu i kēia ʻatikala)
• rheumatoid arthritis,
• pālahalaha

Hoʻopau ʻia nā lipids haʻahaʻa i nā mea makemake i nā mea vegetarianism a lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka neomycin, thyroxine, ketoconazole, interferon, estrogens.

Nā Pūpū Hōʻeha paʻakikī Cholesterol

Ua hōʻike ʻia ua ʻike pinepine ʻia ka hypercholesterolemia i ka poʻe e:

• e ʻai i ka nui o nā momona holoholona,
• neʻe liʻiliʻi
• momona loa
• me ka inu maikaʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona
• ulaula
• hoʻohana lōʻihi no kekahi mau lāʻau (androgens, diuretics, glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, amiodarone, levodopa).

No nā kāne ma hope o 40 a me nā wahine ma hope o ke mau makahiki he 50, ua mālama ʻia kahi noi screening no ka cholesterol koko (ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano ma nā papa i luna). ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea i lawe ʻia i ka wā e helu ana i ka hopena o ka puʻuwai koʻikoʻi loa.

Aia ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe loa ka hopena a hiki i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana e hōʻeha kekahi kanaka i nā hōʻeha a me nā mea hōʻeha o ka naʻau a me nā kahe koko.

Hoʻopilikia maoli ka Hypercholesterolemia i nā poʻe e hōʻeha nei:

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻeha coronary (lawe ʻia ka ʻaoʻao a kūkā ʻia e ka cardiologist),
• atherosclerosis o nā lalo haʻahaʻa,
• ʻokiʻoki
• kūʻa ka poʻe i ka trombosis,
• maʻi pūpū maʻamau
• haʻi maʻi
• maʻi pūpū maʻamau
• haʻi maʻi
• maʻi mellitus maʻiʻi (lapaʻau ʻia e ka endocrinologist)
• kūmole (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis).

Pono kēia mau kūlana i ka mālama kiaʻina o nā lipids a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka lāʻau me ko lākou hoʻonui.

He aha ke kolamu a no ke aha he mea nui e nānā i kona ʻano i ke kino?

He aha ka cholesterol?

ʻO Cholesterol (a i ʻole kolala) e pili ana i nā alcohols momona polyhydric a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea pono o nā membranes cell. I nā huaʻōlelo kekahi, hāʻawi ia i ka ikaika i nā membranes a inā e huki mākou i kahi aniani me ke kaʻina hana, a laila hana nā kolala e like me kahi neʻe hoʻoikaika, me ka ʻole o ka hiki a nā mea hana ʻole.

Me ka ʻole o kēia mau mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuihui ka ʻaila o ka hāmeʻa wahine, vitamina D, ʻaʻole hiki ʻole nā ​​aʻalolo bile. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kolamu he mau pūpela o nā ʻāpana o nā koko ʻulaʻula (23%) a me nā leʻa (17%), aia i nā pūpū o nā aʻa a me nā membranes o ka lolo. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka cholesterol ka synthesized i loko o ka ate (a i 80%). ʻO ke koena - komo i ke kino me ka ʻai o nā holoholona mea (pipi, hua manu, ka ʻai, offal, etc.).

Ma waho o ka kolala, ʻaʻole hiki ʻole ke kaʻina hana ʻana, no ka mea, ua hua ʻia nā paʻakai bile i loko o ke ate, kahi kuleana no ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o nā momona i loko o nā ʻāpana. He kuleana nui ka kolesterol i ka hana ʻana i nā hormones sex (estrogen, testosterone, progesterone), kuleana no ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana reproduksi kanaka.

Inā emi ka pae o kēia waihona o ke kino, ma lalo o nā waiwai i ʻae ʻia, kahi nāwaliwali o ka pale ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi. Hoʻololi ʻo Cholesterol i ka hana o ka hormone cortisol i nā adrenal glands a komo i loko o ke kāpae ʻana o ka vitamina D. I ka pōkole, ʻo ka cholesterol kahi pilina koʻikoʻi me ka ʻole o ka hana maʻamau o ke kino.

No ke aha e hoʻonui ai ka cholesterol?

No ke aha lā ke ala o ka kolamu

ʻO nā kumu e alakaʻi ʻia ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology he nui. I nā mea maʻamau:

• Mea moʻomeheu ʻano. Inā pilikia ka pili o nā mea maʻi o ka mea maʻi i ka atherosclerosis, ka maʻi coronary, i ka mōʻaukala o ka hōʻeha a i ʻole ka puʻuwai naʻau, a laila e ulu aʻe ka ulu ʻana o ka hypercholesterolemia i ke koko.
• ʻO ka hapa o ka hana kaʻa, ka nui, ka momona.
• ʻO kaʻai kūponoʻole a me ke keʻono ʻole, me ka nui o ka momona a me nā meaʻai i kālai ʻia.
• ʻO ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi, nā hana ʻino. A ʻo ka waiū (a me ke kala ʻawaʻawa) a me ka inu wai wai.
• Nā maʻi ʻōnaehana endocrine
• He maʻi haole.
• Halawai o ke akea, nā pēpē, ʻo ka pancreas.
• Nā hana Tumor, nā neoplasms hewa.
• Ke lawe nei i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
• ʻAno makahiki (ʻo ke kumukū o ka maʻi e piʻi ma hope o 50 mau makahiki).

ʻAʻole kēia kahi papa inoa piha o nā mea e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka cholesterol koko. ʻO kahi hōʻike loiloi a me ka kūkākūkā ʻana o nā mea loea (espesyalista, lapaʻau, gastroenterologist) e kōkua i ka ʻike pono ʻana i ke kumu kūpono o ke kūlana pathological. ʻO ka mea maʻi me ka hōʻino ʻole o nā hōʻailona, ​​pono e ʻike ʻia e kekahi loea a hāʻawi pinepine i ke koko no ka nānā ʻana i mea e pale ai i nā pae cholesterol.

He "kino" a ʻo ka maikaʻi ʻo Cholesterol

I loko ona iho, ʻaʻole pono kēia pūlea meaola kino i ke kino, akā no ka manawa mau loa ia i kona neʻe ʻana i ke koko ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka hana ʻae ʻia. He mea nui ia ma ke ʻano i hōʻike ʻia ai ka cholesterol - "maikaʻi" ʻole "maikaʻi ʻole". Hoʻohana ʻoi a koloka me nā pale ʻole e kahe i nā moku, e komo i loko o nā loko a me nā ʻāpana. ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe - hōʻino nā pā vascular, hoʻokau i loko o ke ʻano o nā pākia kolesterol a hoʻopau i nā kaʻina koko, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hōʻeha o ka naʻau a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana.

ʻO ke kūpono a i ʻole ka "maikaʻi" kolamu ka nui o ka protein-fat particles (HDL lipoproteins). I loko o nā hana lapaʻau, kapa ʻia ʻo ia alpha - kolamu.

Ka neʻe ʻana o ka kolamu weliweli ma ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa i nā ʻāpana nui o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL lipoproteins). Eia kēia mea kōlehu ailei e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā moku koko a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pōpoki ma ko lākou mau paia. Aia kekahi ʻano o ka cholesterol - he mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a ka lipoproteins (VLDL), ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ka pā o ka ʻōpū a lawelawe i ka halihali i ka kolamu ma ka puʻuwai. Akā i loko o ke koko ʻaʻole ʻike iki kēia hapa, no laila ʻo ka hana i ka lipid metabolism haunaele me ka liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka huina o ka "maikaʻi" a me "maikaʻi" kolamu ka hoʻopuka wale ʻana i ka mākaukau maʻamau, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka hōʻike koko biochemical. Inā hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ka cholesterol, e hōʻike ʻia ana kahi hōʻike hohonu o ka ʻōlelo lipid o ke koko, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o nā ʻano o ka cholesterol o ka ʻokoʻa.

Hoʻonui nui nā kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu nui i ke koko i ka loaʻa o ka atherosclerosis, maʻi maʻi coronary a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka puʻuwai maʻi, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka make. ʻO kahi pae maʻamau a palekana i ka kolamu ma ke koko o kahi pākeke ke manaʻo nei he mea nui o ka nui o ka 5.2 mmol / l.

Akā ʻo kēia manawa, hoʻokaʻawale ka poʻe loiloi i ke ʻano o ka cholesterol i ke koko ma o ka makahiki a me ka wahine. Ua ʻike ʻia nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻoiai ʻo ka lahui o ke kanaka e pili ana i nā manaʻo o kēia pūhola, a, no ka laʻana, i ka poʻe e noho ana o India a i Pakistan, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia kolamu ma mua o ka awelika.

He aha ka pauka o ka cholesterol e ka makahiki? Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hōʻike ʻike ʻia e nā papa kūikawā e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai kolesteria maikaʻi.

Ka papa o ke koko kolamu hoʻoliʻiliʻi ma ka wā

Kahi mau pae kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu holoʻokoʻa e nānā i kahi hōʻailona ma lalo o 5.2 mmol / L. Pili ka pae kiʻekiʻe kūpono i ka "plug" mai 5.2 a 6.2 mmol / l. Akā ke hōʻike nei i kahi hōʻailona ma mua o 6.2 mmol / l ka mea i manaʻo nui loa, a koi pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO keʻano o ka kolamu no nā wahine i ka makahiki

ʻO ka helu o ka cholesterol no nā wahine

2.90-5.18 5-10 mau makahiki2.26 – 5.301.76 – 3.630.93 – 1.89 10-15 mau makahiki3.21-5.201.76 – 3.520.96 – 1.81 15-20 mau makahiki3.08 – 5.181.53 – 3.550.91 – 1.91 20-25 mau makahiki3.16 – 5.591.48 – 4.120.85 – 2.04 25-30 mau makahiki3.32 – 5.751.84 – 4.250.96 – 2.15 30-35 mau makahiki3.37 – 5.961.81 – 4.040.93 – 1.99 35-40 mau makahiki3.63 – 6.271.94 – 4.450.88 – 2.12 40-45 mau makahiki3.81 – 6.531.92 – 4.510.88 – 2.28 45-50 mau makahiki3.94 – 6.862.05 – 4.820.88 – 2.25 50-55 mau makahiki4.20 – 7.382.28 – 5.210.96 – 2.38 55-60 makahiki4.45 – 7.772.31 – 5.440.96 – 2.35 60-65 makahiki4.45 – 7.692.59 – 5.800.98 – 2.38 65-70 makahiki4.43 – 7.852.38 – 5.720.91 – 2.48 > 70 mau makahiki4.48 – 7.252.49 – 5.340.85 – 2.38

I ka wahine, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pae o ka kolamu me ka wā nui e hoʻoholo ʻia e nā loli e ka hormonal i ke kino e pili ana i ka menopause. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hōʻailona e nānā pinepine ʻia i ka wā o ka hapai a i ʻole ke hui pū me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, no ka laʻana, me nā maʻi concomitant.

I ka wā ʻōpiopio, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hana metabolic i ke kino wahine, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka meaʻai (ʻo ka ʻono a kaumaha hoʻi). No laila, ʻo ka pae o ka kolamu, ʻoiai me ka olakino olakino maikaʻi, e noho mau ana i loko o kahi pae maʻamau. Eia naʻe, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka kolesterolia a hiki i ka wā ʻōpio ma mua o nā maʻi concomitant e like me ka maʻi mellitus maʻi diabetes, endocrine pathologies a me ka male ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻelele o ka wahine nāwaliwali ka hele ʻana o ka laina o 30 mau makahiki, hoʻonui ka nui o ka kolamu ma ke koko. I kēia hihia, hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hypercholesterolemia inā he wahine a ʻawaʻī a lawe paha i nā contraceptives hormonal. I kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e nānā i kaʻai, no ka mea, ke neʻe nei nā kaʻina loina metabolic, a ua paʻakikī loa ia i ke kino e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a kīlei i nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o nā momona a me nā kākeka.

I nā makahiki he 40-45 makahiki, emi ka hana o nā wahine wahine wahine - emi ka estrogens a emi iki ka hana hānau. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka menopause, ke emi nui nei ka pae o ka estrogen, a ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka lele i ka cholesterol a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ʻano o ke koko. ʻO kēia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona o ka kino wahine, i pili nui i ka pae o ka hormonal.

I ka makahiki o 50, pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i kou olakino, ka meaʻai a me ka noho ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma kaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hoʻolilo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā momona, nā ʻiʻo a me nā huahana dairy, nā huaʻai, ʻaila, nā momona holoholona. ʻO kahi hui pilikia kūikawā i kēia wā ʻo nā wahine e puhipuhi, ʻoi aku ke kaumaha a alakaʻi i kahi nohona maʻalahi.

Nā kolamu koko ma ke ʻano o nā kāne - papa

Kuhi: Norm o cholesterol i nā makahiki no nā kāne

Pono nā kāne e nānā pono i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu ma ke koko, no ka mea, ʻaʻole like me nā wahine, ko lākou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko ke pale ʻia e ka hormone sex. Eia kekahi, he nui nā lālā o ka male ikaika i ka hana ʻino.

• ulaula
• me ka inu maikaʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona
• hewne
• makemake i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā momona

No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka atherosclerosis a me nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli (stroke, hōʻeha pū ka naʻau) i nā kāne.

Akā ʻo ka dinamika o ke kaʻina hana i nā loiloi o nā kāne like ʻole. Inā loaʻa i ka wahine ke hoʻonui i ka kolamu me ka mau makahiki, a laila i loko o nā kāne ke piʻi nei kēia hōʻike ma ka 50 makahiki, a laila hoʻomaka e hāʻule. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hapalua ikaika o ke kanaka, ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona ʻano hypercholesterolemia:

• a me ka hoʻā ʻana o ka angina pili i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka lāʻau coronary,
• ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi ʻili me nā hōʻoki momona,
• pōkole o ka hanu me ka hoʻoikaika kino kino,
• puʻuwai paʻakikī
• nā ʻeha ʻeha
• nā puʻupuʻu micro.

I ka wā pākeke, loaʻa wale kahi ʻano ola, nā meaʻai kūpono, ka hōʻole ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi ʻole e kōkua i nā kāne e mālama i ka cholesterol ma ke pae kūpono.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a laila ʻāpono mākou i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa. E ʻike i ke kumukūʻai o Aterol ma ka pūnaewele mana.

Hoāʻo koko: pehea e hele ai a decrypt?

ʻO kahi hōʻike koko no ke kolamu. Pehea e hoʻoponopono pololei ai?

Hāpai ʻia ke koko ma ka kolamu ma luna o kahi ʻōpū ʻole, maʻamau i ke kakahiaka. I kēia hihia, pono ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o ka manawa 8 - 10 mau hola ma mua o ka ʻike koko. Ma ka pō o ke kaʻina hana, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e pale i ke ʻano o ke kino a me ka naʻau. Ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko, pono ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu a ho'āʻo e hopohopo, no ka mea, ʻo ka hopohopo nui a makaʻu ʻole paha i ke kaʻina hiki ke hopena i ka hopena hope loa.

E hōʻike mai nā hualoaʻa i kāu mālama olakino pehea ke kiʻekiʻe o ka “maikaʻi” a me ka "maikaʻi" kolesterol i ke koko. Inā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lipoprotein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL) ma mua o 4 mmol / l, ua ʻike pono kēia i kahi mea kūpono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ala cardiovascular. A pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me ka hoʻolaʻa.

Inā hōʻea ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol maikaʻi (HDL) i ka 5 mmol / L - hōʻike kēia i ke kīpē ʻana i ka lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻohemo iā lākou mai nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko a laila pale i ka naʻau naʻau. Inā hāʻule kona kiʻekiʻe i lalo o 2 mmol / l - hoʻonui i nā loli o nā loli pathological.

Pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ke kolamu koko - nā meaʻai a me nā meaʻai kūpono

ʻO kaʻai kūpono kūpono e hana i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka hypercholesterolemia a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka atherosclerosis. Me ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe, koʻikoʻi loa ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā meaʻai i nā momona holoholona, ​​kolamu a me nā haʻalulu maʻalahi mai ka meaʻai. ʻO kēlā ʻanoʻai kaona e pono ai i ke koena o kona ola. Me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hōʻailona, ​​e kōkua ka ʻai kūpono i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol a mālama i ka maʻamau.

ʻO nā huahana e hāpai i nā kolamu:

• momona momona, mea ʻai, palaleka, lard, offal,
• hua moa
• pata, margarine,
• mea momona momona, mayonnaise,
• nā huahana dairy me nā momona momona (kūmole, ke kō, ke kīwī, keʻa ʻona),
• meaʻai wikiwiki, nā meaʻai kahi, nā meaʻai ʻoluʻolu,
• palaoa, confectionery,
• huhū, brown
• kope, inu kīʻaha,
• waiʻona

Me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka kolamu ma ke koko, pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea inu ʻawaʻī, ʻoi aku ka pia a me ka waina. I loko o ka pia wort aia i ka kolamu "hewa" kino, a he nui nā momona a me nā tincture a me nā tincture a me nā tincture, ʻoi paha ka nui o nā kō o ke koko ka liʻiliʻi o ka cholesterol. Inā hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ola sober e ka uahi ʻana i ka hōʻino ʻana a me ka hana kino, loaʻa kēia i ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ka pae cholesterol a me ka vascular.

Inā paʻakikī i nā poʻe maʻi e pāʻani i nā haʻuki, pono nō ʻoe e neʻe hou aku (hele, hele, a hele i kou papa ma ka papa. ʻO kēia mau hana, hoʻohui ʻia me ka ʻai kūpono, e kōkua i ka ho'ōla i ke kino.

He aha nā meaʻai e kōkua ai? Pono ka papa kuhikuhi i kēlā me kēia lā:

• ʻO nā lau ʻala a me nā huaʻai
• nā lau ʻai i nā mea kanu ʻaila,
• ʻai ʻai papa
• mau mea ʻai ʻai
• bean
• nā huahana wai momona haʻahaʻa,
• paila (bubwheat, oat, millet, laiki),
• wai minerale, inu inu hua, inu wai momona.

ʻOi aku ka palaoa ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i ka palaoa holoʻokoʻa, me ka bran a i ʻole ka rye. Akā, ʻo ka iʻa momona, kahi i momona i nā momona omega-3, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻai wale nō, akā pono nō. Hāʻawi kēia i ka hana o nā cholesterol maikaʻi a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā lipids haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Inā nui loa ka maʻamau o ka kolamu ma ka makahiki i ke koko, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi mea meaʻai. Ma kēia hihia, e kuhikuhi ke kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ke kūlana, ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi a me ka noho ʻana o nā maʻi concomitant.

Ka hana maʻamau i nā statins e mālama i nā mea maʻi me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe. He nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia pūʻulu e hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā hopena ʻino a loaʻa i kahi papa inoa o nā contraindications.

No laila, ke ho'āʻo nei nā kauka e kuhikuhi i nā statins o ka hanauna hope loa, i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a hoʻohana ʻia a hiki i nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi concomitant. Kūpono ka hana o nā statins e pili ana i ka kaohi ʻia ʻana o nā enzyme kikoʻī i pili i ka hana o ka kolamu "kino". I ka manawa like, hāʻawi nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hana o ke kolamu hoʻōla maikaʻi a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā moku i hoʻopau ʻia.

ʻO kekahi hui ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka fibrin. Hana kā lākou hana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol kino ma muli o ka hopena o nā momona o ka momona i ka ate. Hoʻohana maikaʻi loa kēia mau lāʻau i ka hui pū me nā statins. ʻO kēlā mau mea nā mea e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoiho i ka hopena kūlohelohe i hoʻohua ʻia i nā mea kanu aʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā lāʻau laʻau, nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā waʻa nikotinic, a me nā hōʻuluʻulu huaʻai. Eia kekahi, e ʻōlelo ʻia e nā mea maʻi e lawe i ka aʻa o ka iʻa, aia ka polyunsaturated fatty acid e kōkua ai e hōʻoki i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Heluhelu i nā loiloi i ka choledol lāʻau. He ala maikaʻi loa kēia e hoʻihoʻi ai i ka cholesterol i ka maʻamau.