ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau hoʻohui insulin hoʻohui, kahi hoʻohui o ka insulin kanaka. ʻO kahi hoʻokuʻu iki o ka biphasic e pili ana i ka aspart insulin soluble (30%) a me nā crystals o ka insulin aspart protamine (70%). Insart aspart loaʻa i ka ʻenehana DNA recombinant e hoʻohana ana i ke aho ʻO ka lauhaʻi cerevisiae , ma ka molekule o ka insulin, ka peni o ka ʻaina amino ma kahi o ka B28 ua hoʻololi ʻia e ka aspartic acid.

Lapaʻau

Hoʻopili ʻo ia me nā mea nānā aku o ka membone cytoplasmic o nā pā a hoʻāla i ka pūhui insulin-receptor e hoʻoikaika i nā hanana intracellular, e komo pū ana synthesis o kekahi o nā kīʻaha koʻikoʻi (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase). ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kao o ka glucose i ka koko ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna kaʻi intracellular, hoʻonui i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana e nā ʻūluna a me nā kiko adipose, a me ka emi ʻana o ka hōʻemi o ka hana glucose i loko o ka ate. ʻO ia ka hana like me ke kūmole kanaka i ka kūlike molar. ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka hinu waikawa amino ma ke kūlana B28 me ka waikawa aspartic e hōʻemi ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā molekala e hoʻokumu i ka hexamers i ka hapa wai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, i ʻike ʻia i ka soluble insulin kanaka. I kēia hana, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka aspart insulin mai ka momona subcutaneous ma mua o ka soluble insulin e noho ana i loko o ka bulaasiao kanaka kanaka. Hoʻokomo hou ka Insulin aspart protamine. Ma hope o ka hoʻomalu sc, hoʻomohala ka hopena ma hope o 10-20 mau minuke, ka hopena loa - ma hope o nā hola 1-4, ka lōʻihi o ka hana - a hiki i ka 24 hola (e pili ana i ke ʻano, ka wahi o ka hoʻokele ʻana, ka ikaika o ke kahe, ke ʻano o ke kino a me ka pae o ka hana kino).

Ke hoʻo / i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi huaʻai o 0.2 PIECES / kg o ke kino koʻikoʻi T max - 60 mau minuke Hoʻololi loa ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā protein koko (0-9%). ʻO ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o ka insulin serum e hoʻi i ka mea hele ma hope o nā hola 15-18.

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻia nā hana hoʻouluulu holoholona me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin aspart biphasic. Eia nō naʻe, nā haʻawina hoʻohālikelike hulahula me ka ʻikepili i ka teratogenicity i nā nui a me nā mea ʻoliva me ka hoʻomalu sc sc o ka insulin (insulin aspart a me insuline kanaka maʻamau) i hōʻike mai, ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā hopena o kēia mau insulins. ʻO ka aspart Insulin, e like me ka insulin kanaka, ma nā inaluna iʻoi aku o ka ʻōlelo no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻokoʻa i loko o nā kānaka e nā manawa he 32 (mau māmā) a me 3 mau manawa (nāʻu), i hoʻolilo i ka hala o ka mua a me ka post-implantation, a me nā abnormalities visceral / skeletal. I nā poho ma mua o ka ʻōlelo no ka hoʻomāluulu ʻana i ka subcutaneous i loko o nā kānaka e pili ana i 8 mau manawa (mauʻu) a i ʻole e like me nā dosis i loko o nā kānaka (nā manu), ʻaʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi.

Hiki paha ke hoʻohana ʻia inā hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena kūpono o ka ʻoi ma ka hiki o ka maʻi o ka pēpē (ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia nā haʻawina kūpono ʻia. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia inā hiki i ka insulin aspart biphasic ke loaʻa kahi embryotoxic i ka wā i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā hāpai a inā paha e pili pū ana i ka hiki ke hānau.

I ka wā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāpai ʻana a i kēlā wā holoʻokoʻa, pono ia e nānā pono i ke ʻano o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi mellitus a nānā i ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. Ka pono o ka insulin, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e ho'ēmi i ka trimester mua a hoʻonui pinepine i ka trimesters lua a me ke kolamu o ka hapai.

I ka wā hānau keiki a ma hope koke o lāua, hiki i ka nui o ka insulin ke hoʻemi nui a hoʻomāhuahua, akā hoʻi koke i ka pae ma mua o ka wā hapai.

ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia a komo paha ka lāʻau i ka waiū umauma. I ka wā lactation, hiki i kahi pono e hoʻoponopono i ka dosis.

Pākuʻi helu

ʻO ka hoʻonā ʻana no ka maʻi maʻi, 100 PIECES / ml

1 ml o ka lāʻau pili

mea waiwai - ʻĀpana insulin 100 U (3.5 mg),

nā mea hoʻowalewale: glycerol, phenol, metacresol, zinc, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, sodium hydroxide 2 M, hydrochloric acid 2 M, wai no ka hōʻemi.

Hoʻokahi ka hue he 10 ml o ka hoʻonā, e like me ka 1000 PIECES.

ʻAihea ʻāpana kala ʻole.

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Ma hope o ka hoʻomālamalama a subcutaneous o ka insulin aspart, ʻo ka manawa e hiki ai i ka lōʻihi o ke koʻi (tmax) i loko o ke koko plasma ma ka awelika 2 mau manawa ma mua o ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka hoʻomāne i ka insulin kanaka. ʻO ka wela plasma uʻi nui (Cmax) ka mea 492 ± 256 pmol / L a ua hōʻea ʻia ma kahi mau minuke 40 ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana o subcutaneous o kahi maʻi o 0.15 U / kg kaupaona kino i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus type 1. 6 mau hola ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau. He haʻahaʻa iki ka helu o ka absorption i ka poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi maʻamau 2, e alakaʻi ana i kahi pae haʻahaʻa loa (352 ± 240 pmol / L) a me kahi tmax ma hope (60 mau minuke). He nui loa ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka interindividual i ka tmax i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka aspart insulin, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka soluble kanaka kanaka, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana ma Cmax no ka insulin aspart e ʻoi aku ka nui.

No nā haʻawina pharmacokinetic i hana ʻia i nā poʻe maʻi maʻi a i nā mea maʻi me nā renal impaired a hepatic function.

Lapaʻau lāʻau i loko o nā keiki (6-12 mau makahiki) a me nā ʻōpio (13-17 mau makahiki) me ka type mellitus type 1 He mea wikiwiki ke kahuhina o ka pime o ka insulin i nā makahiki ʻelua, me ka tmax e like nō me ka pākeke. Eia nō naʻe, aia ka ʻokoʻa i loko o Cmax ma nā hui ʻelua makahiki, i hōʻike ʻia i ka nui o ke ʻano lāʻau hoʻokahi o ka lāʻau.

Nā maʻi maʻi (≥65 makahiki)

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka NovoRapid® i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.

I ka poʻe maʻi nā maʻi, pono e mālama loa ʻia ka ʻike o ka glucose i ke koko a hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ka nui o ka insulin asprat kū hoʻokahi.

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka pūlohi a me ka maʻi hepatic

I nā maʻi me ka renal a i ʻole ka imppmentment, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā koi o ka insulin.

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal maʻi ʻole a i ʻole ke ʻano hepatic, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko e nānā pono ʻia a ʻoi aku ka pae ʻana o ka insulin asprat kū hoʻokahi.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

ʻO NovoRapid® kahi mea hoʻohālikelike o ka insanine pōkole o ka hana kanaka i hana ʻia e ka mea nānā loea ʻenehana recombinant e hoʻohana nei i kahi mana. ʻO ka lauhaʻi cerevisiaekahi i hoʻohuli ʻia ai ka hinu waikawa amino ma ke kūlana B28 me ka acid aspartic.

Hoʻopili pū kekahi me kahi receptor kūikawā ma ka membone cytoplasmic o waho o nā pūpū a hana i kahi mea hoʻohui insulin-receptor e hoʻoikaika i nā hanana intracellular, e komo synthesis o ka helu o nā enzymes koʻikoʻi (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, etc.). ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka glucose o ka koko ma muli o ka hoʻonui o kona kaomi intracellular, hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka iwi, hoʻoulu ʻia i ka lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, he ʻemi ma ka huina o ka hana glucose i ka ʻāʻulu, etc.

ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka hinu waikawa amino ma ke kūlana B28 me ka waikawa aspartic i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o NovoRapid® e hōʻemi ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā molekōna e hoʻokumu i ka hexamers, kahi i nānā ʻia i loko o ka hopena o ka insulin maʻamau. I kēia mea, ua wikiwiki loa ʻo NovoRapid® i ka momona o ka subcutaneous a hoʻomaka ka hana wikiwiki ma mua o ka soluble insulin kanaka. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o NovoRapid® i ka hoʻokahe o ke koko ma mua o nā hola 4 ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o ka soluble insulin kanaka. I ka poʻe maʻi me ka diabetes type mellitus type 1, ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka glucose koko postprandial me ka hoʻomalu ʻana o NovoRapid®, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka insulin kanaka kīnā.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hana o ka lāʻau NovoRapid® ma hope o ka hoʻokele subcutaneous ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o ka soluble insulin kanaka.

Ma hope o ka hoʻolālā subutaneus, hoʻomaka ka hopena o ka lāʻau i loko o 10-20 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa i nā hola 1-3 ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he 3-5 mau hola.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hauoli e pili ana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia nocturnal i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka aspart insulin i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka insulin kanaka. ʻAʻole i hoʻonui nui ʻia ka pilikia o ka lā me ka hypoglycemia.

ʻO ka aspart Insulin ka equipotential soluble manuahi kanaka i hoʻokumu ʻia i kona mohe.

Nā pākeke ʻO nā hoʻokolohua haukaʻi e pili ana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 1 e hōʻike ana i kahi haʻahaʻa o ka postprandial kiʻekiʻe o ke koko glucose me ka hoʻokele o NovoRapid® i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka insulin kanaka kīnā.

Na keiki a ʻōpio ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o NovoRapid® i nā keiki i hōʻike i nā hopena like o ka kaohi o ka glucose lōʻihi i ka wā e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka insulin soluble kanaka.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina ma ke ʻano he soluble kanaka i mua o ka papa ʻaina a me ka aspart insulin ma hope o ka ʻaina ʻana i nā keiki ʻōpio (26 mau mea maʻi ʻo 2 a ʻo 6 mau makahiki), hoʻokahi ʻano maʻi hoʻokahi ʻo FC / PD aʻoi aku i nā keiki ( 6-12 mau makahiki) a me nā ʻōpio (13-17 mau makahiki). ʻO ka ʻōlelo lapaʻau o ka pharmacodynamic o ka insulin aspart i nā keiki he like me ia i ka poʻe maʻi maʻi.

Kahawai Kina noiʻi haukaʻi o ka palekana hoʻohālikelike a me ka hana pono ʻana o ka insulin aspart a me ke kanaka kanaka i ka mālama ʻana i nā wahine hāpai i loaʻa mai ka type 1 diabetes mellitus (322 wahine hāpai wahine ua nānā ʻia, a laila he aspart insulin: 157, insulin kanaka: 165) ʻaʻole i hōʻike i kekahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka aspart insulin i ka hapai a i ke olakino paha. pēpē / pēpē.

Nā haʻawina hou o 27 mau wahine me ka maʻi maʻi gestational e loaʻa ana i ka aspart insulin a me ka insulin o ke kanaka (ua loaʻa i ka aspart insulin ka 14 mau wahine, ka inika manu 13) e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā pānaʻi palekana me ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i ka pona glucose postprandial me ka mālamaʻana i ka insulin aspart.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Kuhi ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® no ka hoʻokele subcutaneous a me ka intravenous. ʻO NovoRapid® kahi analog e hana wikiwiki ana i ka inika.

Ma muli o ka hoʻomaka wikiwiki o ka hana, e lawelawe ʻia ʻo NovoRapid®, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, inā pono, e hiki ke lawelawe ʻia ma hope o ka manawa.

Kuhi ʻia ka hopena o ka lāʻau e ka kauka ponoʻī i kēlā me kēia hihia, e pili ana i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoiaiʻo NovoRapid® e hui pū me ka hana lōʻihi a i ʻole e hana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā insulin like ʻole e lawelawe ʻia ma kahi o ka manawa i ka 1 i kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO ke koi kūlohelohe o kēlā me kēia lā i nā pākeke a me nā keiki mai 2 mau makahiki ka maʻamau ma waena o 0.5 a 1.0 U / kg paona kino. Ke lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau ma mua o ka ʻai, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka pono no ka insulin e NovoRapid® e 50-70%, ʻo ke koena o ka pono no ka insulin e hoʻolako ʻia e ka hana he lōʻihi. Pono ka wela o ka insulin i ka mahana ma waena o ka lumi. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® subcutaneously ma ka ʻāina o ka paia ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ʻūhā, poʻohiwi a paki paha. Pono e hoʻololi pinepine ʻia nā pūnaewele injection i loko o ke kino like ʻole e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka lipodystrophy. E like me kekahi hoʻomākaukau ʻē aʻe i ka insulin, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka NovoRapid® e hilinaʻi nei ma ka ʻōpū, ke kōpaʻa, ke kaohi ʻana o ke koko, ka mahana a me ka pae o ka hana kino.

ʻO ka hoʻokele subcutaneous i ka paia o ka ʻōpū o ka naʻau e hāʻawi i ka mea e hoʻoulu hou ai i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka wikiwiki e hana ai i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka insulin kanaka e mālama ʻia e pili ana i kahi o ka wahi o ka maʻi injection.

Inā pono, hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® ma loko, akā, ma nā limahana maʻi mākaukau wale nō.

No ka hoʻokō intravenous, nā ʻōnaehana infusion me NovoRapid® 100 IU / ml me ka konsentrate o ka 0,05 IU / ml i ka 1 IU / ml aspart insulin i ka 0.9% pānaʻi sodium klorida, 5% a i ʻole 10% vahaolana dextrose i loaʻa ke 40 mmol / l kaloreka ka puluida, e hoʻohana ana i nā waihona polypropylene no ka hoʻopuʻe. Kūkala kēia mau hoʻonā i ka lumi lumi no 24 mau hola. I ka wā o ka infusions insulin, pono e kiaʻi mau ʻia ka nui o ka glucose koko.

Nā hui ahonui kūikawā

E like me nā poʻe insulins, ma nā mea maʻi a me nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻole a i ʻole ke ʻano hepatic, e nānā pono ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ke kaila o ka nui a hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ka insulinartart.

Na keiki a ʻōpio

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana o NovoRapid ma mua o ka hoʻomālamālua ʻana i ka inika manu kanaka i nā keiki inā pono ke hoʻomaka koke i ka hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka laʻana, inā paʻakikī ke keiki i ke nānā pono i waena o ka manawa ma waena o ka inake a me ka komo ʻana i ka meaʻai.

Ke hoʻololi nei mai nā hoʻomākaukau ʻē aʻe o ka insulin

Ke lawe nei i kahi maʻi i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin i ka NovoRapid®, e koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka NovoRapid®.

me ka insulin basal.

Nā ʻōkuhi no nā maʻi ma ka hoʻohana ʻana o NovoRapid®

Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā NovoRapid® E nānā i ka lepili e hōʻoia i ke koho pono ʻana o ka insulin.

E nānā mau i kaʻaina, e pili pū ana me ka piston hōʻa. ʻAʻole e hoʻohana inā he ʻikeʻino ia, a i ʻole ke ākea ma waena o ka piston a me ke kaula keʻokeʻo ma ka pahu ua ʻike ʻia. No ke alakaʻi hou aku, e ʻike i nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana no ka hoʻokele insulin.

Hoʻopili i ka membrane kālai me ke kahelehele i hoʻoiho ʻia i ka wai maʻi maʻi.

E hoʻohana mau i kahi pono hou no kēlā me kēia inikua e pale aku ai i ka maʻi maʻi.

Mai hoʻohana iā NovoRapid® inā

lohi a i ʻole ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana insulin, a i ʻole a i ʻole ʻia ka vial, i ka ʻāʻī ʻana i ka leakema o ka insulin,

ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kūlana o ka insulin i ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, inā maloʻo kēia lāʻau lapaʻau,

ʻ transparentlelo ʻole ka insulin a me ka waihoʻoluʻu.

Kuhi ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® no ka maʻi ʻākala a i ʻole nā infusion mau i loko o kahi pūnaehana insulin (PPII). Hiki nō ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® ma intravenously ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi paʻa o kekahi kauka.

Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka pūnaewele injection e pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā lipodystrophies. ʻO nā wahi maikaʻi loa e kau ai: ʻoi loa i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻūhā, ka ʻūhā mua, a i ʻole ka poʻohiwi. E hana wikiwiki ka Insulin inā hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo ia i ka paia o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka wahi o ka infusion.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka NovoRapid® i kahi kīwī me nā syringes insulin e like me ke ana kūpono i nā ʻāpana o ka hana.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® a me nā insulin ʻē aʻe i kahi pahu Penfill® a i ʻole ka pahu pahu, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ʻelua syringes i ʻelua a i ʻole nā ʻōnaʻi like ʻole ʻelua e lawelawe ai i ka insulin, hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka insulin.

ʻAʻole hōkuhi ʻo NovoRapid® vial.

E like me ka mua o ka hana maʻamau, hoʻokau mau ʻoe i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoulu ʻana i ka inika no ka nalo a i ʻole ke hōʻino ʻia kāu NovoRapid®.

Pehea e hana ai i kahi maʻi

Pono ka injulin ma lalo o ka ʻili. E hoʻohana i ke kaʻina inake i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka a i kahu paha, a i ʻole e hāhai i nā ʻōlelo insulin i loko o ka manual no ka mea ʻo kāu insulin.

E hoʻopaʻa i ka pāpale ma lalo o kou pehu no ka liʻiliʻi o 6 kekona e hōʻoia ai ua lawelawe ʻoe i ka piha piha o ka lāʻau.

Hōʻike e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pono ma hope o kēlā me kēia maʻi.Inā ʻaʻole, hiki i ka wai ke holo, kahi hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hewa o ka insulin.

No ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana insulin no ka hoʻohana lōʻihi.hoʻopili

I ka wa i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o kahi pānaehana hoʻokele, ʻaʻole pono e kāwili ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka insulin.

E hāhai i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka a ke kauka no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā NovoRapid® i ka ʻōnaehana pump. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā NovoRapid® i ka ʻōnaehana pumping, pono e heluhelu pono i nā ʻōkuhi holoʻokoʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana a me ka ʻike ma nā ʻano hana e pono ai ke lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi, he kiʻekiʻe loa a i ʻole ke koko koko, a i ʻole ke ʻano he ʻano hana pono ʻole no ka PPI.

Ma mua o ke kau ʻana i ka pūpuna, holoi holoi i kou mau lima a me ka ʻili ma ka wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia me ka ʻili no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻamau ma ka pūnaewele infusion.

Ke hoʻopiha nei i kahi pahu wai hou, e nānā no nā ʻōhumu nui o ka hau i ke syringe a i ʻole wai.

Pono ka neʻe ʻana o ka infusion (tube a me ka catheter) e pili ana i ka manualʻe a ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻopili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho infusion.

No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka uku kūpono no ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea pehu me ka nānā aku i ka manawa kūpono o ka hiki ʻana o ka pona o ka insulin, ua makemake ʻia e kiaʻi pinepine i ka glucose koko.

He aha ka hana inā ʻaʻole hana pono ka ʻōpiopio o ka insulin

E like me ka mua o ka hana ʻana, hoʻokau mau ʻoe i kahi ʻōnaehana a me ka ʻōiwi me ʻoe no ka nalowale a i ʻole ka pohō.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka haʻalele

Pono ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo NovoRapid® me kēlā mau huahana i kūpono i ia me ia e hōʻoia i ka palekana a me ka hana.

Kuhi ʻia nā NovoRapid® no ka hoʻohana pilikino wale nō.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka NovoRapid® i nā konika insulin. ʻO nā ʻalā, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hohonu a ka polyethylene a i ʻole ka polyolefin, ua ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pīpī.

ʻO ka hopena no ka infusion i loko o nā ipu polypropylene i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai NovoRapid® 100 IU / ml me ka ʻike ʻana o ka 0,05 a i ka 1.0 IU / ml i ka aspart insulin i ka 0.9% kūkaʻi sodium klorida, 5% ʻaʻa dextrose a i ʻole 10% hopena o ka dextrose i loaʻa 40 mmol / L hāpau kahelehe, paʻa ma ka lumi lumi no 24 mau hola.

ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa nei no kekahi mau manawa, ua hoʻokomo mua ʻia kahi nui o ka insulin e ka mea pono o ka pūnaehana infusion.

I ka wā o ka infusion insulin, pono e nānā mau i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka NovoRapid® inā ua pau ia i ke akaka a me ka waihoʻoluʻu.

Pono e neʻe ʻia ka huahana a me nā lako ʻē aʻe e like me nā hoʻoponopono kūloko.

Ka hoʻonohonoho, hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka hopena lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻopili ka insulin Biphasic i ka hoʻokaheʻana i ka Aspart a me ka protamine insulin crystalline ma kahi ratio o 30 a 70%.

He kānalua kēia no ka hoʻokele sc, me ka ʻula keʻokeʻo. 1 milliliter i loko o 100 mau pūʻulu, a i kahi hoʻokahi ED me ka 35 mcg o ka insulin phi anhydrous.

Kūkulu ka inika manuahi kanaka e hoʻopili ai i kahi mea paʻa o ka insulin me ka receptor ma ka membrane pūnaewele sela. Hoʻopili ka hope i ka synthesis o glycogen synthetase, pyruvate kinase a hexokinase enzymes.

ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kō me ka hoʻonui me ka piʻi o ka halihali intracellular a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka nui o ka glucose. Loaʻa ia ka hypoglycemia ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka manawa no ka hoʻokuʻu i ka glucose ma o ke akeʻai, glycogenogenesis a me ka hoʻōlaʻana o ka lipogenesis.

Loaʻa ka Bartasic insulin aspart ma o ka hana biotechnological i ka wā e ke hoʻololi ʻia ka mololi o ka prole hormone e nā aspartic acid. ʻO kēlā mau insulins biphasic he hopena like i ka hemoglobin glycosylated, e like me ka insulin o ke kanaka.

ʻO nā lāʻau ʻelua e hoʻoikaika i ka kūlike molar. Eia naʻe, hana nui ka insulin o ka Aspart ma mua o ka hāmeʻa kanaka soluble. He crystalline aspart o ka protamine he hopena i ka wā lōʻihi.

Hana ʻia ka hana ma hope o ka hoʻomalu sc a me ka mākaia ma hope o 15 mau minuke. ʻO ka kao kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa i nā hola 1-4 ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hopena e piʻi i 24 mau hola.

I ka serum Cmax, ʻo ka insulin i ka 50% ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin o ka biphasic. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka manawa maʻamau e hōʻea ma Cmax ma mua o ka hapalua.

T1 / 2 - a hiki i nā hola 9, e hōʻike ana i ka wikiwiki o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hapa o ka protamine-bound. ʻIke ʻia nā pae insulin baseline i nā hola 15-18 ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana.

Akā me ke ʻano type type 2, ʻo ka loaʻa o Cmax ma kahi o 95 mau minuke. Mālama ia ma ka pae o lalo ma lalo o 14 a ma luna o 0 ka mākaʻi sc. Inā pili paha ke ʻano o ka hoʻokele i kahi pūnaewele o ka absorption.

ʻO nā hopena ʻino, contraindications a me ka overdose

Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka insulin Asparta ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana a ka National Assembly, ʻoiai ka wikiwiki koke o nā waiwai gula i kekahi manawa e hoʻonāukiuki i ka neuropathy hōʻeha koʻikoʻi. Eia naʻe, ua hala kēia kūlana i ka manawa.

Eia pū kekahi, ʻo ka insulin biphasic e alakaʻi i ka hiʻohiʻona o lipodystrophy i ka pae injection. Ma ka ʻāpana o nā hui sensory, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka ʻike maka a me nā hemahema ma ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana.

ʻO nā contraindlence kekahi kūloko pilikino i nā māhele o ka lāʻau a me ka hypoglycemia.

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e aʻo ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻana o Insulin Aspart a hiki i ka makahiki 18. No ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻikepili data e hōʻoia ana i ka pono a me ka palekana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea hou i ke ola.

Ma kahi o kahi overdose, loaʻa nā hōʻailona like ʻole:

nahoa
ka hoemi nui ʻana o ka glucose,

Me ka hapa iki o ka hopena, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kukuna o ka glucose, ua lawa ia e lawe i nā kīmaki wikiwiki a inu paha i kahi mea momona. Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i ka glucagon subcutaneously a i ʻole intramuscularly a i ʻole he hopena no ka dextrose (iv).

I ka hihia o ka hypoglycemic coma, mai 20 a 100 ml o ka dextrose (40%) ua hopu ʻia i kahi ʻano jet-intravenous a hiki i ke ʻano o ka maʻi o ka maʻi. I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ia mau hihia, ʻoi aku ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka paʻakai hoʻoliʻi waha.

Hoʻopili ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻōlelo kūikawā

Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena hypoglycemic ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka insulin biphasic me ka hoʻoponopono waha o nā lāʻau a pau:

inu wai-lama a me ka maʻi hypoglycemic,
ʻO MAO ka mea paʻa / carbonic anhydrase / ACE,
Fenfluramine,
Bromocriptine
ʻAiulopia
ʻO nā mea hoʻohālikelike Somatostatin,
Theophylline
Sulfonamides,
ʻO Pyridoxine
ʻO nā mea maʻi anabolic.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o tetracyclines, Mebendazole, Disopyramide, Ketonazole, Fluoxetine a me Fibrates e alakaʻi ana i kahi hoʻoilo nui i ke kō. A me nā antidepresan tricyclic, contraceptives waha, nikotine, sympathomimetics, glucocorticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, hormon thyroid a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e kōkua i nā nāwaliwali o ka hopena hypoglycemic.

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻi ke hoʻōla a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae o ke kō. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka hoʻomākaukau o ka lithium, nā beta-blockers, salicylates, clonidine a me ka reserpine.

He mea pono ia e mālama pono ʻo ka Flekspen i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pā lumi, a me kahi peniʻi hou i loko o ka friji. Ma mua o ka hoʻokele ʻana, he mea nui nā kiko o ke kīʻaha e hoʻopili maikaʻi.

Me ka nui o nā hana kino, maʻi a hoʻoulu ʻia paha, he nui ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o ka insulin. A i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kuʻala, ʻaʻole ia e kuhikuhi ʻia e hoʻomalu i nā mīkini me nā kaʻa. ʻO ke wikiō i kēia ʻatikala e ʻōlelo hou e pili ana i ka hormone.

Kēia nā loiloi o ka laikini insulin aspart * (insulin aspart *) i hōʻike ʻia, e like me ka terminology lapaʻau, i kapa ʻia "synonym" - nā mea hoʻololi i komo i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea like i hoʻohuli ʻia me ka mahalo i ke kino. Ke koho ʻana i nā unuhi, e noʻonoʻo wale ʻaʻole i kā lākou kumukūʻai, akā no ka ʻāina hoʻi o ka hana a me ka maikaʻi hoʻi o ka mea hana.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻopili pū kekahi me kahi receptor kūikawā ma ka membone cytoplasmic o waho o nā pūpū a hana i kahi mea hoʻohui insulin-receptor e hoʻoikaika i nā hanana intracellular, e komo synthesis o kekahi o nā kīʻaha koʻikoʻi (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase). Hoʻohui ka hopena hypoglycemic me ka nui o ka holo intracellular a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻoliʻi o ka glucose ma o nā kiko, hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, a me kahi ka emi o ka hōʻaia o ka hana glucose e ka ʻāʻī.

ʻO ka ʻaina Insulin a me ka insulin kanaka like like i ka hana like me ka molar like.

Hoʻokomo ka aspart Insulin mai ka momona o ka subcutaneous me ka wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka insulin soluble kanaka.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hana o ka insulin aspart ma hope o ka hoʻokele sc me ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka insulin kanaka.

Kahi papa inoa o nā kūmole

E makaʻala! Aia ka papa inoa i nā inoa like no Insulin aspart * (Insulin aspart *), he ʻano like, no laila e hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi ke kuapo iā ʻoe iho, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke ʻano a me nā ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka. E hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā mea hana mai ka USA, Japan, Western Europe, a me nā ʻoihana maikaʻi loa mai ʻEulopa Hui Pū ʻIa: Krka, Gideon Richter, Actavis, Aegis, Lek, Hexal, Teva, Zentiva.

ʻElua hopena:

ʻO nā maʻi ʻino e nānā ʻia ana i nā maʻi e hoʻohana nei iā NovoRapid® Penfill® ma muli o ka hopena pharmacological o ka insulin.
ʻO ka hopena maʻamau e hōʻike ai no ka hypoglycemia. Ka loli ʻana o ka hopena o ka hopena e pili ana i ka heluna o ka mea maʻi, ka hoʻoponopono o ka doses, a me ka kontrol glycemic (e ʻike i ka ʻāpana ma lalo).
I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka inika insulin, nā hewa reactive, edema a me nā hopena e hiki mai ana ma ka pūnaewele injection (pain, redness, hives, inflammation, hematoma, ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻeha i ka pūnaewele injection). Hoʻopili iki kēia mau ʻōuli i ke ʻano. Hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki ʻana i ka mālama glycemic ke alakaʻi i kahi kūlana o ka "neuropathy eha ʻeha," i ʻeli pinepine ʻia e ia. Ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o ka inikini insulin me ka hoʻomaikaʻi koʻikoʻi i ka kaohi o ka mea laʻala kalaiwa hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi wā pōkole i ke kūlana o ka maʻi retinopathy maʻi, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka glycemic control hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka holomua o ka maʻi retinopathy diabetes.
Hōʻike ʻia ka papa inoa o nā hana ʻino i ka papaʻaina.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana Pūnaewele	ʻOhiʻeha - Hives, rashes, ʻili pali
Kuhi hewa loa - Anaphylactic reaction *
ʻO ka huʻihuʻi me ka meaʻaiʻaiʻai	Loaʻa pinepine - Hypoglycemia *
ʻO nā maʻi o ka pūnao	Aele loa - peripheral neuropathy ("ʻoiʻi ka maʻi neuropathy ʻeha")
Kuee ʻia o nā io o ka ʻike	Kekahi - hanaʻole o ka hoʻopaʻi
ʻO ka pinepine - retinopathy diabetic
Nā maʻi hōʻeha o ka ʻili a me ke kiko	Kanaluhi - lulax *
ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau a me nā maʻi i ka pūnaewele injection	Hoko - nā luhi ma ka wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia
Loaʻa - edema

* E nana aku "Ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kūʻokoʻa pili hewa"
ʻO nā hopena ʻino loa i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei, e pili ana i ka ʻike hoʻokolohua hoʻonaʻauao, e ʻāʻawale ʻia e like me ke alualu ʻana i ka hanana e like me MedDRA a me nā ʻōnaehana organ. ʻO ka hoʻāliʻi o nā hopena kūlike e wehewehe ʻia: ka manawa pinepine (≥ 1/10), pinepine pinepine (≥ 1/100 i nā hiʻohiʻona Pharmacological

ʻO ka insulin aspart, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokahi wale nō hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka mea, he waiwai nui loa ia. ʻO kēia ka hopena hypoglycemic o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki ke lilo i kēia pili ma o ka wikiwiki o ka pilina me nā mea ʻokoʻa o ka insulin i ka pale ʻana, ʻaʻole ma nā mea momona wale nō. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kaʻe o ka glucose koko ma muli o nā mea e like me:

no ka koi ʻana i kāna mea lawe i loko o nā loko,
ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana e nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole,
ka hoʻohemo ʻana o ka loaʻa o ke kō i loko o ka huehue.

Hoʻonui nui i ka kiʻekiʻe o nā hana e like me ka lipogenesis a me ka glycogenogenesis, a me ka synt synthesis.

Ma hope o ka hoʻonāukiuki subcutaneous, hoʻomaka ka hopena ma lalo o 20 mau minuke, a hiki i kona mamao ma hope o hoʻokahi, ʻekolu mau a he mau mai ka ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hola.

ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu he noi nui o ka Aspart ma waena o nā maʻi maʻi.

E pili ana i nā waikawa amino a me Aspart

Pono e nānā a wikiwiki loa ke komo ʻana o ka momona subcutaneous mai ka kinapo. ʻO kēia no ka mea, o ka hoʻololi o ka prine waikawa amino ma ke kūlana B28, kahi i loaʻa ai i ka acid aspartic ka hapa, e hoʻoneʻe i ka uluʻana o nā molekamu e hana i kahi ʻano hexamers ākea. I ka huli ʻana, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka wikiwiki o ka inu ʻana (i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ke ʻano maʻamau o ko ʻenehana kanaka maʻamau, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka mea iʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe).

E pili ana i nā ʻano o ke noi a me nā pilala

ʻO ke ala nui o ke noi e haʻi ʻia he subcutaneous. I kēia hihia, he mea makemake ia e lawe ʻia ana ka maʻi lapaʻau ma ka paia o ka wahi o ka ʻōpū, nā ʻūhā, nā poʻohiwi a me nā hihiki. Pono e hana iki kēia ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ke ʻano prandial o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a ma hope koke o ka ʻai ʻana - kahi ʻano o ka hana postprandial. ʻO nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka Inepart inokū e pono mau ʻia i loko o nā palena o ka māhele like o ke kino. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka mea e kūpono loa ka hoʻololi iā lākou i nā manawa pinepine, e like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana o nā loiloi.

kolu-ʻelua ka nui o ka prandial (ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi meaʻai) insulin,
ʻO kahi hapakolu nā basal a i ʻole background type.

Eia kekahi, i ka hihia wikiwiki, hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia ʻo ka insulin Aspart intravenously. Hoʻopau ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana infusion type kūikawā. Pono ka hoʻokele paʻulā e mālama ʻia e nā limahana lapaʻau mākaukau.

Pehea nā hopena pae?

ʻAʻole wale kēia ke kī nui i ka hopena kūpono loa, akā, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kahi kūlana kūpono o ke olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

E pili ana i nā hopena hopena

Pono e hōʻike kūʻokoʻa i nā hopena hopena hiki, i ka mea i hoʻonāukiuki i kēia ʻano insulin. ʻO kēia e pili ana i, me ke ʻano o ka nāwaliwali, ʻo ka "anuanu" ʻo ka ʻula, ka pallor o ka ʻili a me nā mea hou aku. Ka edema ʻōpili-ʻano a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka maka a nānā i ke ʻano. Eia kekahi, he mau aku ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka hyperemia, edema a me ka hōʻeha nui i ka wahi o ka maʻi maʻi, lipodystrophy ma kahi kahi i hoʻopuka ʻia ai ka maʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale, pono ke noho ma luna o nā hopena kūlohelohe o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ke ola.

Hoʻohui lākou i nā mea e like me ka anaphylaxis, kahi wikiwiki ma ka ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa o ke kino me ka ʻeha nui, paʻakikī i ka hanu, ka hypotension arterial, tachycardia, a me ka nui o ka ʻuleu.

Eia nō naʻe, he mea kūpono ke kilokilo loa ia nā hopena like ʻole a ʻaʻole hōʻailona i ka insulin Aspart ma ka ʻaoʻao maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki paha ke hanana kekahi overdose ma kēia hope aku.

E pili ana i ka overdose

Kuhi ʻia kahi overdose ma muli o ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau. I ka hihia o Aspart, hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia iho i loko o nā hōʻailona e pili ana:

huahuʻi,
leo koma
nahoa.

He aha ka mea e hoʻonāukiuki i kahi comog hypoglycemic?

Ma kahi ʻano maʻalahi, hiki i ka maʻi maʻi ke hoʻopau loa i ka hypoglycemia ma nā hana kūʻokoʻa, inā e nānā ʻoe i ka meli a i ʻole nā meaʻai e momona i nā momona o nā kalepona. ʻO ka Glucagon a i ʻole kahi intravenous kikoʻe o ka dextrose i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka subcutaneously, intramuscularly a intravenously.

Ke kūpaʻa ʻia kahi comog hypoglycemic, mai 20 a 40 ml (kiʻekiʻe 100 ml) o kahi mea he 40% dextrose i hōʻeha ʻia e ka lāʻau jet a hiki i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mai loko mai o kahi coma a kokoke iā ia. Ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā pahū o ka pale. ʻO kēia ka ala maikaʻi loa e pale ai i ka hana hou ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa.

E pili ana i nā contraindications

ʻO nā hoʻohālikelike e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau o Aspart he liʻiliʻi loa. Hoʻohui lākou i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka mahele, a me ka hypoglycemia hoʻi. Kahi ʻia nā hihia i ka wā e palena ʻia ai ka ʻai - he makahiki kēia a ke keiki a hiki i ʻeono makahiki.

I nā hihia āpau e loaʻa, ʻo ka Aspart insulin ka mea maikaʻi loa a me ka hopena e kōkua ai e mālama i ka maʻi maʻi ma kahi pae olakino kūpono loa. Eia naʻe, no kēia mea he mea pono e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻōlelo i hāʻawi ʻia i luna.

Hoʻohui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Paʻu ʻia ma ka papa inoa (Kauoha a ke Aupuni o ka Lūkini Lūkini No. 2782-r i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā 12/30/2014):

A.10.A.B.05 Insulin aspart

Hoʻohālikelike nā mea hoʻonoho me ka insulin receptors o ka adipose a me nā pākīpī o nā mea hoʻonaninani, hoʻonui i ka hoʻonaninani o ka maʻi glucose intracellular, ʻoiai ke kāohi nei i ka hoʻokumu o glucose i loko o ka puʻuwai. Ma muli o ka hoʻopiliʻana o ka glucose e nā sela, ua hoʻokō ka hōʻemi ma kona pae i ka plasma koko.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokele subutaneus, lawe koke ʻo ia mai ka ʻōpala subcutaneous. Ke hoʻohuli nei i ka waikawa proline amino ma ke kūlana 28 o ka mekameka B o kahi molekole insulin me ka acid aspartic e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻokumuʻana o hexamers, ka mea i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin kanaka. Ma muli o kēia, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka insulin aspart. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi plasma kukuna ma hope o 60 mau minuke. ʻO ke kamaʻilio pū me nā protein plasma he 0.9%. Hoʻomaka ka hana a ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o 10-20 mau minuke, hiki i kahi lōʻihi ma hope o nā hola 1-3 a kū i ka 3-5 hola.

ʻO ka hapalua kahi ola he 80 mau minuke.

Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka therapy papalina hormon no ka maʻi diabetes i ke ʻano.

IV.E10-E14.E10 Mellito-e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes

Hypoglycemia, kanaka intolerance, keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki (ʻaʻohe haʻawina haʻawina ma nā keiki i lalo o 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki).

ʻLelo ʻia a me ka lactation: ʻO ka ʻōpala a me nā hoʻokele:

ʻO Subcutaneously, ke kūʻokoʻa nei ka helu ʻana. ʻO ka lā maʻamau no ka insulin he 0.5-1 ED / kg: kahi o 2/3 e hāʻule ai i ka insulin ma mua o kaʻai (prandial) a me 1/3 ma ka hope o ka insulin (basal).

Pūnaehana waena a me peripheral : ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka glucose o ke koko ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana maʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i ka neuropathy hōʻeha koʻikoʻi, ka hele mau.

Nā hopena dermatological : lipodystrophy ma ka wahi ʻōlelo.

Nā hui ʻōpū : nā hewa hewa, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻike acuity - pili pū me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka glucose o ke koko i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena, he ʻano transient.

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi comog hypoglycemic, 20-40 (a hiki i 100 ml) ʻo 40% dextrose solution ka maʻi i ka intravenously a hiki i ka mea maʻi ke puka mai i kahi coma.

Hoʻonuiʻia ka hopena hypoglycemic e α- a me β-blockers, salicylates, disopyramides, tetracyclines, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, alkohol, sulfonamides, anabolic steroid.

ʻO nā agonist Β-adrenergic, glucocorticoids, sympathomimetics, thiazide diuretics e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hana a ka insulin.

Ke lawe ʻia nei ka ʻoihana intravenous o ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō ma nā keʻena kūikawā o ka endocrinology.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka aspart insulin i loko o nā paukena o insulin (pumps) no ka hoʻokele subcutaneous, hoʻāla ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Pono e mālama i ka peni ʻo ka peni ʻohe ʻia ma ke ana o ka lumi. Peni ʻohi syringe ʻole - i loko o ka friji. E hoʻolako ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea o ka syringe a hiki i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

Ke hoʻoikaika kino kino, a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā hanana ʻana, pono i ka insulin hou.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e kuhikuhi ʻia e hoʻokele i nā kaʻa a hana pū me nā mea hoʻoneʻe e pili ana me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike. Me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka makaʻala e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia ana o ka hypoglycemia.

Hoʻohui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Paʻu ʻia ma ka papa inoa (Kauoha a ke Aupuni o ka Lūkini Lūkini No. 2782-r i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā 12/30/2014):

A.10.A.D.05 Insulin aspart

ʻO kahi hoʻokalū biphasic kahi i hui pūʻia o ka insulin: nā hana pōkole (aspart insulin) a me nā hana-medium (protamine-insulin aspart).

Hāʻawi i 30% soluble insulin aspart hana wikiwiki: mai 0 a 10 mau minuke.

ʻO 70% o ka'āpana crystalline o ka protart-insulin aspart e hana ana i ka depot ma lalo o ka ʻili me ka hoʻolōʻihi o ka insulin, e hoʻomaka ana e hana ma hope o 10-20 mau minuke.

Loaʻa ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o nā hola 1-4 a kū i ka 24 mau hola.

Ma hope o ka mālama subutaneus, 30% hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia i ke kiko o subcutaneous. Ke hoʻohuli nei i ka waikawa proline amino ma ke kūlana 28 o ka mekameka B o kahi molekole insulin me ka acid aspartic e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻokumuʻana o hexamers, ka mea i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin kanaka. Ma muli o kēia, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka insulin aspart. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi plasma kukuna ma hope o 60 mau minuke. ʻO ke kamaʻilio pū me nā protein plasma he 0.9%.

ʻO ka hoʻopauʻana hapa-ola e hana iā 8-9 mau hola. Hele hoʻi ka nui o ka insulin i ka baseline ma hope o nā hola 15-18. Hoʻopau e nā keiki.

Hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka diabetes mellitus type I, ʻoiai me ka type II insulin-dependence mellitus - i hui pū me nā waha hypoglycemic waha.

IV.E10-E14.E10 Mellito-e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes

IV.E10-E14.E11 Mellitus ole-e pili ana i ka lewa mellitus

Hypoglycemia, kahi intolerance o kanaka, nā keiki ma lalo o 18 makahiki o kona mau makahiki.

ʻLelo ʻia a me ka lactation: ʻO ka ʻōpala a me nā hoʻokele:

Subcutaneously, ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, a i ʻole ma hope o ka ʻai.

Hoʻomoe ʻia ka nui ma kahi pākē a hilinaʻi ma ka ʻike o ka glucose i ka kaila koko. In type II diabetes mellitus, ʻo ka iniha mua i haʻi ʻia ʻo 6 mau papa ma mua o ka ʻaina kakahiaka a me nā hui 6 ma mua o ka ʻaina i hui pū me ka metformin. Wahi a nā mea hoʻonaninani i ka plasma koko, e piʻi paha ka make i ke 30 IU i kēlā me kēia lā no 2 a 3 injections.

Pūnaehana waena a me peripheral : ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka glucose o ke koko ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana maʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i ka neuropathy hōʻeha koʻikoʻi, ka hele mau.

Nā hopena dermatological : lipodystrophy ma ka wahi ʻōlelo.

Nā hui ʻōpū : nā hewa hewa, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻike acuity - pili pū me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka glucose o ke koko i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena, he ʻano transient.

Nui loa - hypoglycemia. Hoʻokumu ia i nā hihia kahi i hoʻonui ʻia ai i ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau i kona pono.

ʻO ka hoʻōla me kahi ʻano haʻahaʻa ʻoi ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o nā glucose (ke kō, ke aniani, ka wai momona hua).

I ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi, kahi maʻi intramuscular o ka momona o kaagonagon ma ka nui o ke 0.5-1 mg. Hoʻopuka maikaʻiʻia - 40% hoʻonā dextrose i loko o kahi nui e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka insulin hoʻonā.

Hoʻonuiʻia ka hopena hypoglycemic e α- a me β-blockers, salicylates, disopyramides, tetracyclines, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, alkohol, sulfonamides, anabolic steroid.

ʻO nā agonist Β-adrenergic, glucocorticoids, sympathomimetics, thiazide diuretics e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hana a ka insulin.

ʻAʻole ia i ka lāʻau no ka hoʻokō intravenous. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokuʻu o ka insulin i ka pauma insulin (paila) no ka hoʻokele subcutaneous.

Ke hoʻoikaika kino kino, a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā hanana ʻana, pono i ka insulin hou.

ʻO Insulin Aspart mau laʻa ʻelua - mau hōʻailona a me nā kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana

I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau, he mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou kumu o kā lākou hana. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopōʻino inā hoʻohana pono ʻole. Kēia maoli kēia no nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā ala āpau e lawe i ka hopena kino.

Hoʻopili kēia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka insulin. I waena o lākou aia kahi insulin e kapa ʻia ʻo Aspart. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hormone, no laila ʻo ka mālama ʻana me ia e hiki ke ʻoluʻolu loa.

Hoike ʻike

ʻO ka inoa kālepa kālepa o kēia lāʻau ʻo NovoRapid. Aia ia ma ka helu o nā insulins me kahi hana pōkole, e kōkua i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko.

Kuhi aku nā kauka i nā maʻi i ka maʻi diabetes-hilinaʻi. ʻO ka mea ikaika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka insulin Aspart. Hoʻohālike loa kēia ʻano i kona mau waiwai i ka hormone kanaka, ʻoiai ua hua ia me ka chemically.

Loaʻa ka Aspart i ke ʻano o ka hopena e lawelawe ʻia kahi e kū hoʻokahi a i ʻole intravenously. Aea? Aaeaa aae? Aaeaa iaeaaeaaaiea eaeinaa? A (aaeoe ae? Aneee i? Ehiaiai / iacaiee ia aeae? Aneaaoea.

ʻO kaʻoi aku i nā mea nui, i waena o kāna mau māhele e hiki ke kapa ʻia:

wai
fenol
sodium klorida
glycerol
hoʻohuihui hanehana
sodium hydroxide
zinc
metacresol
sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka Insulin Aspart i nā pahu kele he 10 ml. Hoʻohana ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana e like me ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka hele a e like me nā ʻōkuhi.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi mellitus type 1 a me 2. Akā e hana wale ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he kauka. Pono ke loea e aʻo i ke kiʻi o ka maʻi, ʻike i nā ʻano o ke kino o ka mea maʻi a laila noiʻi i kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau.

I ke ʻano type diabetes 1, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo ia ke ʻano mua o ka ʻoihana. I nā maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ua kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻole o nā hopena mai ka mālama ʻana me ka maʻi hypoglycemic waha.

Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kauka. Hoʻoholo pū ʻo ia i ka ʻano lāʻau o ka lāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi he 0.5-1 UNITS ma 1 kg o ka paona. Kūkulu ʻia ke kauā ʻana ma kahi hōʻike koko no ka ʻike o ka honi. Pono ka mea maʻi e hoʻopaʻa pono i kāna kūlana a hōʻike i nā hanana ʻino loa i ke kauka no ia e hoʻololi ai i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono.

Ke manaʻo nei kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻokele subcutaneous. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā mea inikini intravenous, akā e hana wale ʻia kēia me ke kōkua ʻana o kahi loea.

ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana pinepine ʻia i hoʻokahi lā, ma mua o ka papa ʻaina a i ʻole ma hope o ka hana. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā wīpī e waiho ma ka poʻohiwi, ka paia ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ʻeke. I mea e pale ai i ka hopena o ka lipodystrophy, kēlā me kēia manawa ʻoe e koho i kahi wahi hou i loko o ka inoa inoa.

Aʻo wikiō ʻ Sylelo Syringe-pen ma ke keʻena ʻana o ka insulin.

Nā maʻi a me nā palena

No ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā contraindications i mea e hoʻonui ʻole ai i ka nohona o kekahi kanaka. Me ke koho ʻana o Aspart, pili pū kēia. He liʻiliʻi contraindications kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

I waena o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka hypersensitivity i nā māhele lāʻau. ʻO kekahi pale i ka wā liʻiliʻi o ka mea maʻi. Inā emi aku ka maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi ma mua o ka 6 mau makahiki iā ʻoe, mai hōʻalo ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia pehea e pili ai i ke kino o nā keiki.

Aia nō kekahi mau palena palena. Inā loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka hypoglycemia, pono e mālama ʻia. Pono ka hōʻemi ʻia o ka dosage nona e kāohi ai i ka papa o ka mālama ʻana. Inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻole i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Pono hoʻi ke hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka wā e kuhikuhi ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka poʻe maʻi. ʻO nā loli e pili ana i nā makahiki olakino ke hiki i ke pilikia i ka hana ʻana i nā hana o loko, ʻo ia ke kumu e loli ai ka hopena o ka lāʻau.

Eia ka mea i like e pili ana i nā mea maʻi me nā pathologies i loko o ka puhiluhi a me nā pōpilikia, no ka mea e komo ai ka insulin i ka ʻoi kino, hiki ke hoʻonā i ka hypoglycemia. ʻAʻole pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ia mau kānaka, akā e hoʻemi ʻia kāna hāmeʻa, a pono e nānā mau ʻia ka pae glucose.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka lāʻau i ke nīnau ma ka hāpai ʻana. I nā haʻawina holoholona, kūlohelohe wale mai kēia mea me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā dosis nui. No laila, ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau i ka wā hāpai. Akā e hana ʻia ma lalo o ka mālama pono ʻana e nā limahana olakino a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻōpiopio mau.

Ke hānai nei i kahi pēpē me ka waiū umauma, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Aspart i kekahi manawa - inā he maikaʻi ʻo ka maikaʻi i ka makuahine ma mua o ka hopena i ka pēpē.

ʻAʻohe mea ʻike pololei i loaʻa ma ka noiʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka maikaʻi o ka umauma umauma.

ʻO kēia ka mea i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e mālama pono.

Nā hopena hopena

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau holoʻokoʻa ka mea e kapa ʻia no ka palekana no nā maʻi. Akā i ka hihia ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i nā papa kauka, a me ka mea no ke ʻano o ka poʻe maʻi o ka mea maʻi, hiki i nā hopena pilikino i ka wā o kona hoʻohana ʻana.

E pili ana kēia:

Hypoglycemia. ^ E Ha yM. E kumu ana i ka nui o ka insulin i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka nui o ke kō o ke koko. Pilikia loa kēia hana hōʻuwale, no ka mea i ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ka mālama olakino ponoʻī, ke alo nei ka mea maʻi.
Nā kūloko kūloko. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike lākou i ka hoʻoweliweli a i ʻole nā mākaukau ma nā wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia. ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona nui he mele, ka ʻōpū a me ka ulaula.
ʻO nā haunaele ʻike. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā lākou ke lohi, akā i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he nui o ka insulin, e hiki ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻike o ka mea maʻi.
Lipodystrophy. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kāna hanana e pili pū ana me ka uaki ʻole o ka assimilation o ka lāʻau mālama hoʻokele. I mea e pale ai, paipai nā loea i ka hoʻoilo ʻana i nā wahi like ʻole.
Allergy. ^ E Ha yM. He ʻano ʻokoʻa loa kona mau ʻōuli. ʻO kekahi manawa he mea paʻakikī loa lākou a he hana hoʻoweliweli i ka mea maʻi.

I kēia mau hihia āpau, he mea pono ke alakaʻi i ke kauka a huli i ka loli ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau a hoʻopau paha iā ia.

ʻO ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka lāʻau, overdose, analog

Ke lawe nei i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ia e hōʻike i ke kauka hele e pili ana iā lākou, no ka mea ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana pū ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

I nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e pono ke mālama ʻia - ka mālama mau ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana. Aia aia paha he pono no ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻia.

Pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena o ka insulin Aspart i ka wā e mālama ai me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

nā lāʻau lapaʻau hypoglycemic,
nā mea kanu me ka waiʻona
steroids anabolic
ACE paleai
pākalepono
sulfonamides,
Fenfluramine,
ʻO Pyridoxine
Theophylline.

Ke hoʻoikaika nei kēia mau lāʻau i ka hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e nīnau ʻia ana, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻonui nui ʻia ai ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka glucose i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka.Inā ʻaʻole hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka maʻa, hiki i ke hypoglycemia.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hopena o ka lāʻau i ka wā e hui pū ai me ka ʻaina penei:

thiuretics
haluluHalakalaha
kekahi mau ʻano antidepressants,
hoʻonaʻauao hormonal,
glucocorticosteroids.

Ke hoʻohana nei iā lākou, pono ia i kahi hoʻoponopono i luna.

Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻonui a hoʻēmi i ka maikaʻi o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka salicylates, beta-blockers, reserpine, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka lithium.

Mālama pinepine kēia mau kālā e hui pū me ka insulin Aspart. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale kēia hui, pono e mālama pono ke kauka a me ka mea maʻi i nā hopena i kū i loko o ke kino.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ke kauka, he overdose kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hele mai. ʻO ka maʻamau, ua pili pū nā mea ʻino ʻole i ke ʻano ʻālunu o ka mea maʻi, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ke ʻano paha i loko o nā ʻano o ke kino.

I ka hihia o kahi overdose, hypoglycemia o kēlā me kēia ʻano paʻakikī. I kekahi mau manawa, hiki i ka punahele momona a i kahi mea kapu paha ke hānai i nā hōʻailona.

Hiki i ka pono ke hoʻololi i ka Aspart ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole: intolerance, ʻaoʻao effects, contraindications a inconvenience of use.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻololi i kēia pono me nā lāʻau lapaʻau aʻe:

Protafan. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka kumu o ka Isofan insulin. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau he hoʻopanee e pono ai e lawelawe ʻia subcutaneously.
Novomiks. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka insulin Aspart. Hoʻohui ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he kaia o ka hoʻokele ma lalo o ka ʻili.
Apidra. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hoʻonā ʻana. ʻO kāna kumu hana o ka glulisin insulin.

Hoʻopiliʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau injectable, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi a papa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā he pono ke koho ma ka loea no laila ʻaʻole i nā pilikia olakino hou.

Ke keu

Nā Hoʻomaka hypoglycemia - ka 'anuō "ka pehu, ka palupalu o ka ʻili, nā hopohopo, keehi nui, ka hopohopo, nāwaliwali ʻole, nāwaliwali, ka hōʻeha ʻana, ka hopohopo, ka wīwī nui, ka pōloli, ka pōkole o ka nānā ʻana i ke poʻo, ka nausea, ka tachycardia, nā hoʻopihapiha, nā neurological maʻi. koma.

Lāʻau: hiki i ka mea maʻi ke pani i ka hypoglycemia liʻiliʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka glucose, ke kō a me nā meaʻai momona paha i loko. Ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi - i / in 40% hopena dextrose, i / m, s / c - glucagon. Ma hope o ka loaʻa hou ʻana i ka ʻike, ʻike ʻia ka mea maʻi e ʻai i nā meaʻai momona a keu e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia.

ʻO ka mālama mea hoʻomehana insulin aspart biphasic

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke komo iv. Hiki i kahi waiole ʻole a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana i ka mālama ʻana (me ka nui o ka type 1 diabetes mellitus) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hyperglycemia a i ʻole ketoacidosis maʻi maʻi. Ma ke ʻano he lula, hōʻike ka maʻi hyperglycemia iā ia iho, i mau hola a i ʻole mau lā (nā hōʻailona o ka hyperglycemia: nausea, ka luaʻi, ka ʻalike, ʻulaʻula a me ka maloʻo ʻana o ka ʻili, ka waha maloʻo, hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka urine, makewai a me ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka helehelena o kahi ʻano o ka acetone i loko o ka ea hanu). a inā ʻaʻole kūpono kūpono hiki iā ia ke make i ka make.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i ka momona o ka metabolism, no ka laʻana, me ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka insulin, hiki i nā mea maʻi ke ʻike i nā ʻano maʻamau o ka poʻe o ka neʻe o ka hypoglycemia, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka poʻe maʻi. I ka maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes me ka hoʻokolohua metabolic maikaʻi, ʻo nā hopena hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻomohala ma hope a holomua hou. Ma kēia mea, pono ia e hana i nā hana i kuhikuhi e pili ana i ka kāohi ʻana o ka metabolic control, me ka mālama ʻana i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko.

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pili pono me ko ka meaʻai o ka meaʻai. He mea pono e noʻonoʻo i ka helu kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomakaʻana i ka hopena ma ka mālamaʻana i nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi concomitant a lawe ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻohemo ʻana o ka meaʻai. Ke hele nei i nā maʻi concomitant, ka mea nui o ka ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi hopohopo, he nui ka ulu ʻana o ka insulin. ʻO ka hana a i ʻole ka lau a me ka hana nūia hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi i nā koi o ka insulin. Hōʻalo i ka ʻai a i ʻole hana i hoʻolālā ʻia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia.

ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka mea maʻi i kahi ʻano insulin a i ʻole ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin i kahi mea hana ʻē aʻe e pono e hana ma lalo o ka mākaʻi ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻokoʻa paha ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. Inā pono, hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa mua o ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ma mua o nā hebedoma mua a i ʻole nā mahina o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki ke loli me ka loli i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika kino kino. Hiki i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ʻana ma hope o ka ʻai e hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hypoglycemia.

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia a i ʻole hyperglycemia, he hiki ke emi ana i ka ʻike o ka nānā ʻana a me ka wikiwiki ka wikiwiki, hiki i ka pilikia ke keehi aku i ka kaʻa a hana paha me nā mīkini a me nā mīkini. Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea maʻi e hana i nā hana e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia a me ka hyperglycemia. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā mea maʻi me ka ʻole a hōʻemi iki paha i nā hōʻailona o nā mea hana mua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hypoglycemia a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā manawa pinepine o ka hypoglycemia.

Ka wai o ka insulin aspart a me ka nui

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Insulin aspart subcutaneously, intravenously. ʻO ka subcutaneously, ma ka māhele o ka ʻōpū, ka pā o ka ʻōpū, pihi, ʻūhā koke ma hope o ka ʻai (postprandial) a i ʻole ma mua o ka ʻai (prandial). Pono e hoʻololi pinepine i ka pae injection i loko o kēlā wahi o ke kino. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻokele ʻana a me ka helu. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka pono o ka insulin ka 0.5 - 1 PIECES / kg i kēlā me kēia lā, 2/3 o ka hāʻule i ka prandial (ma mua o ka ʻai) insulin, 1/3 - ma ke ʻano (basal) insulin.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka intravenously inā pono, me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana infusion, kahi mea hoʻolaha maikaʻi wale nō e hiki ke lawe ʻia e nā limahana lapaʻau mākaukau.
Me ka hoʻopauʻole o ka hopena a i ʻole kahi hapa pono (ʻoi aku paha me ka type 1 diabetes mellitus), hiki i ka hyperglycemia a me ke ketoacidosis maʻi maʻi. Hoʻokomo pinepine ka Hyperglycemia i nā hola he nui a i ʻole mau lā paha. Nā hōʻailona o ka hyperglycemia: nausea, ke kaumaha, ka luaʻi, ka maloʻo a me ka ulaula o ka ʻili, hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka urine, waha maloʻo, ka nalo o ka makemake, makewai, ka ʻano o ke ʻano o ka acetone i loko o ka hanu. ʻO ka Hyperglycemia me ke kūpono kūpono e alakaʻi ai i ka make.
I ka hihia o ka renal a i ʻole ka hana ʻana o ka hana maʻa, pono i emi iho ka nui o ka insulin, a i mua hoʻi o nā maʻi concomitant, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi, hoʻonui nui ʻia. ʻO ka maile o ke kīkē o ka pituitary, nā kūloko adrenal, a me nā kūlohelohe thyroid hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pono o ka insulin.
Pono ka kaohi o ka mea maʻi i kahi inoa inoa inoa a i ʻole ka ʻano o ka insulin.
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka insulin aspart, kahi loli a i ʻole ka helu o ka nui o nā inikini i kēlā me kēia lā e pono ai, e like me ka insulin maʻamau. Hiki ke koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma ka ʻĀina mua.
I loko o nā mea maʻi ma hope o ka uku no ka hoʻonaninani o ka kalaka, hiki ke loli i kā lākou mau hōʻailona maʻamau o ka mea kūpono o ka hypoglycemia, pono e ʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi e pili ana i kēia.
Hoʻolālā ʻole a hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha i nāʻaina hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hypoglycemia.
Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona pharmacodynamic, hypoglycemia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aspart insulin e ulu i mua ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana o soluble insulin kanaka.
No ka mea pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka aspart o ka insulin i ka pili pono me ka ʻaina o ka meaʻai, pono ia e noʻonoʻo pono i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi e pili ana i nā ʻano kulekele, a lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolohi ana i ka komo ʻana o ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka insulin me ka hoʻonui maikaʻi ʻana i ka mālama glycemic hiki ke hele pū me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi neuropathy hōʻeha a me ka ulu ʻana o ke ʻano o ka maʻi retinopathy diabetes. ʻO ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o ka mālama glycemic i hōʻemi ʻia ka hopena o ka neuropathy a me ka retinopathy diabetic.
I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, pono ke mālama ʻia i ka wā e komo ai i nā hana ʻehaʻeha (me ke kaʻa lele), kahi e koi ʻia ai ka nui o ke neʻe a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena psychomotor, ʻoiai e ulu ʻia ana ka hypoglycemia, me ka mea nui i nā mea maʻi me nā kī pinepine a i ʻole a i ʻole (ʻoluʻolu) i nā hōʻailona mua.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka insulin aspart me nā mea ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka hopena hypoglycemic o ka insulin aspart e palupalu e ka glucagon, glucocorticoids, somatropin, estrogens, hormon tiroid, progestogens (e.g., oral contraceptives), calcium blockers channel, thiazide diuretics, sulfinpyrazone, heparin, sympathomimetics (e.g., phenyl azinamamid) , danazole, diazoxide, tricyclic antidepressants, nikotine, morphine, phenytoin.
Hypoglycemic hopena o ka insulina aspart listen sulfonamides, ku una ha hypoglycemic hope, nā mea kūpale o monoamine oxidase (me procarbazine, furazolidone, selegiline), angiotensin hoʻololi ''ūhū nā mea kūpale, carbonic anhydrase nā mea kūpale, androgens, anabolic steroid (me oxandrolone, stanozolol, methandrostenolone), bromocriptine, disopyramide, fibrates, tetracyclines, fluoxetine, mebendazole, ketoconazole, theophylline, fenfluramine, cyclophosphamide, pyridoxine, quinine, chloroquinine, quinidine,
ʻO nā beta-blockers, nā paʻakai lithium, clonidine, reserpine, pentamidine, salicylates, ethanol a me nā hopena e pili ana i ka ethanol hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali a hoʻonui i ka hopena hypoglycemic o ka insulin aspart.
ʻO ka aspulin Insart he lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole kūpono ʻole me nā hoʻonā a nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
Aia nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hiki ʻole o ka puʻuwai kino i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka thiazolidinediones me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin, ʻoiai inā he mau pilikia nā maʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka puʻuwai paʻakikī. I ke koho ʻana i ia ʻano hoʻohui, pono ia e nānā i nā poʻe maʻi e ʻike i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai hemahema, ka hiki ʻana o ka edema, ka loaʻa kālā. Inā hele i nā hopena o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lāʻau thiazolidinedione.

Elima mau malihini kipa i hōʻike mai i nā helu intake i kēlā

Ehia mau e lawe ai i ka aspart insulin.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea pane i hana pinepine i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā manawa 3 i ka lā. Hōʻike ka hōʻike i ka pinepine o nā mea pane e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā lālā	%
3 mau lā i ka lā	2	40.0%
4 lā i ka lā	2	40.0%
2 mau lā i kahi lā	1	20.0%

Elima mau malihini kuhi i ka helu ana

Nā lālā	%
1-5mg	3	60.0%
11-50mg	1	20.0%
51-100mg	1	20.0%

Ua hōʻike aku kahi mea kipa i kahi lā pau

Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai i ka aspart insulin e manaʻo ai i ka holomua o ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi?
ʻO ka poʻe ʻikepili o ka hōʻike hōʻike i nā hapa he nui ma hope o ka hebedoma i loaʻa i kahi holomua. Akā ʻaʻole paha e kūpono kēia i ka manawa āu e hoʻomaikaʻi ai. E nīnau aku i kāu kauka no ka lōʻihi o kou makemake e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i nā hopena o ka noiʻi ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi hana kūpono.

Hoʻokipa kekahi kipa i kahi manawa lohi

ʻO ka manawa hea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ka mea kuhi Insulin: ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole, ma mua, ma hope a i ʻole me ka meaʻai?
Hoʻomaopopo pinepine nā mea hoʻohana o ka pūnaewele e lawe nei i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o ka papaʻaina. Eia naʻe, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi manawa ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ka hōʻike ʻana i ka wā i lawe ai ke koena o nā mea maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.