ʻO ka Hypothyroidism ma Pregnancy

Ma kēiaʻatikala e aʻo ai ʻoe:

ʻAʻole ikaika loa ka hypothyroidism a me ka hapai, no ka mea, e hoʻonāukiuki ka maʻi i ka maʻi, akā hiki nō ka hānau hānau. Inā ʻike ʻia ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai ʻana, hiki i nā hopena no ke pēpē ke maikaʻi loa, no ka mea i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke ʻōpio i hilinaʻi nui ʻia i nā hormones o ka makuahine. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o nā homo, ua kāohi ʻia ke kūkulu ʻia o ke keiki, ma muli o ka hopena, ʻo ka hānau ʻana o kahi pēpē me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonaninani a me nā naʻau o ka noʻonoʻo.

He aha nā mea e pili ana i ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna aʻe nei, ʻo ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai he hanana ʻokoʻa, ʻoiai kekahi o nā hopena o ka maʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka infertility. Akā i kekahi mau hihia, hoʻokele nā ​​wahine e lilo i wahine hānai, ʻoiaʻiʻo inā ua mālama ʻia ka maʻi me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lāʻau maʻi.

ʻO nā kumu kumu o ka hypothyroidism he mau kuhi ʻana o ka ʻano o ka gland thyroid, no ka mea he congenital a i puka mai paha ma hope. Hiki i nā kumu o nā kolohe ʻia ke:

• hemahema iodine,
• ka hoʻokipa ʻana o ka iodine radioactive i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.
• alahele
• ka hele ʻana o ka autoimmune a postpartum thyroiditis,
• ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hana ʻōiwi ma ka kipi thyroid.
• hoʻoneʻe ʻoki a hoʻopau paha i ka keloa thyroid.

Aia kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe no ka hopena o ka hypothyroidism, kahi i hoʻohui pū ʻia me ka hānau ʻana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia i ka wā hāpai, hiki mai nā loli physiological i ke kino o ka wahine, ka mea e pili ana i kaā thyroid. I ka wā hapai, makemake ka wai o ka wahine i nā hormone thyroid no kāna hana ʻana, a hāʻawi ʻia nā aila thyroid iā lākou. Akā kahi pānaʻi nui o nā hormones e alakaʻi i ka makemake nui no ka iodine, e hopena i ka nele o ka iodine. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia kūlana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka hypothyroidism subclinical.

Subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai

I ka wā hāpai, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hypothyroidism subclinical ka mea maikaʻi loa, no ka makuahine a no ke keiki. ʻO ke kumu o ka pōpilikia ka hopena i hiki i ke keiki, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā subclinical hypothyroidism i nā hōʻailona i haʻi ʻia, a no laila he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka manawa a ke alakaʻi i kahi papa o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻike pololei ai i ka subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai, ʻo ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻoliʻi ma kahi manawa kūpono.

Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i ka nausea, lethargy, hoʻonui i ka hiamoe, ke kuʻi ʻana i ka ʻili a me ka nāwaliwali, ka mea maʻamau ka maʻi o ka wahine olakino i ka wā hāpai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau hōʻailona. ʻO ia ke kumu he hoʻomaʻamaʻa koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā hāpai.

ʻO nā hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypothyroidism subclinical no kahi wahine hāpai i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka hāpai ʻana, nā ʻano like ʻole. He hopena koʻikoʻi nā hopena o ke keiki, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hypothyroidism congenital ma ke hope, he kiʻekiʻe loa, a hele mai paha ke ʻano thyroid pathology.

He aha ka mea e hōʻike ai i ka hikiʻana o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai?

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hormone thyroid e ka hapanui o nā kiko o ke kino, kēlā me kēia, a me ka hōʻailona maʻi o ka maʻi e ʻokoʻa a hilinaʻi nui loa i ka ʻano hoʻonohonoho o ko lākou hemahema a me ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi. No ka mea ke nele nā ​​hormones i loko o nā kiko āpau, hoʻomaka nā kaʻina metabola ma hope o ka hoʻolohi. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻomaka nā wahine hāpai i ka hypothyroidism e hoʻoluhi i ka lethargic, ke hiamoe nei, ke hoʻokō nei i nā ʻano maʻamau o ka hana a nui loa ka luhi, a puka mai ka ʻokoʻa. ʻO ia nā hōʻailona pili i ka pilina o ka mea maʻi.

Hoʻohui i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama pono ʻana, he maloʻo maloʻo ka mea maʻi, ka lau ʻana o ka lauoho, nā kuku palu, no ka mea ʻo kēia mau kiko ka mea iʻike i ka hopena a pau o kahi hapa. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā kino o loko, ua nānā ʻia ka constipation i nā maʻi. ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kaʻina metabola e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kaumaha o ke kino.
ʻO ka nele o nā hormones e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ikehu i hana ʻia e ke kino, he hōʻailona kēia e hoʻomau mau nei i ka mahana o ke kino.

ʻO ka hōʻeha o ka metabolic ka alakaʻi hoʻi i ka edema kiko, kahi i huli ai i nā hōʻeha a me nā hōʻeha pū. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ʻaʻi ʻana o nā mau palia e hoʻopiʻi i ka pau ʻana o nā nerve, no laila ua loaʻa ka ʻeha.

ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoliʻi o ka maʻi

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi hypothyroidism i nā hana mua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka maʻi ʻeha o ka maʻi a me kona ʻano ʻokoʻa, a ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o kahi wahine hāpai wahine he mau paʻakikī. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā hōʻailona āpau o ka maʻi ma kahi wahine olakino, ʻoiai he mau hiʻohiʻona ka wahine o ka hapai. No laila, ʻo ka mea nui loa o nā ka ʻike o nā hoʻokolohua o ka hana i hui pū ai me ka ʻikepili o nā noi a me ke ʻano.

ʻO ECG, ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka nui a me ka naʻau o ka thyroid - kōkua e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka momona thyroid

ʻO ka mea mua, ke kahaki nei ke kauka i kahi mōʻaukala olakino o ka mea maʻi, ka mea e hōʻiliʻili nei i ka ʻikepili i nā maʻi thyroid, hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia o ka hoʻokolohua, nā ʻano o kona mālama ʻana, a me ka ʻike i ka maʻi i nā ʻohana.

I ka wā e nānā ai i ke kino kino, ke mālama ʻia nei ka ʻike maka o ka mea maʻi, ke ʻano ʻana o ka kūlana o ka gland thyroid a me ke ʻano nui o ke kino.

Ma kahi hoʻopaʻa noiʻina lāʻau, ʻo ka mea nui e nānā i ka hormonal analysis, ʻo ia ka mea nāna e hāʻawi i nā hopena kūpono loa o ka moku'āina a me ka nui o ka ratio quantitative o nā hormone ma ke kino. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻia nā ʻano hōʻike noiʻi nei:

• ka nānāʻana i ka nui o ka iodine e pili ana me ka protein,
• akeheʻe kauluu ʻana
• ka nānā ʻana aku o ka ʻōnaehana biochemical o ke koko,
• loiloi kūpaʻa.

Ke hana ʻia nei nā haʻawina loiloi i ke ʻano o kahi ECG, ka ultrasound o ka gland thyroid a me ka puʻuwai. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai ke kaawale i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe me nā hōʻailona like a hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā o ka kelepaʻo thyroid.

Pehea e hoʻokō ai ka mālama?

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai ke hoʻopau i nā hopena no ka pēpē. Inā ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hāpai ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohemo. Inā hiki ʻole ke hoʻopilikia a i ʻole ʻoe e makemake e hoʻopakele i ke keiki, e lawe ʻia ana ka mea hoʻoponopono hana, ke kumu e uku ai i ka hypothyroidism. ʻO ka papa hana loiloi ka hopena nui, ʻoi aku, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole.

I mea e hiki ai i ke keiki ke ulu maʻamau, ma mua o nā helu mua o ka hāpai ʻana, i ka wā ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ka pūpū i ka lolo thyroid, pono ia e koho i ke kūpono kūpono o nā hormone thyroid. Hoʻoholo ka pae o L-thyroxine a me TSH e hoʻohana ana i nā hoʻokolohua hormonal. Koho ia ʻoiā o L-thyroxine i koho ʻia e hoʻokō i ka 50 mcg i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā pae o ka hormone i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻelua.
Me ka ʻike manawa kūpono o ka hypothyroidism i kahi wahine hāpai a me ka mālama kūpono, ʻaʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke keiki.

Nā ʻano a me nā kumu o ka hoʻolālā ʻana

ʻO ka Hypothyroidism ka mea maʻamau (99% o nā hihia) a me ka lua (1%). Hōʻike ka mea mua ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻana i nā hormones thyroid, he mea e hōʻemi ai i kona hana. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hypothyroidism ka mea maʻamau i loko o ka huinanʻo ponoʻī, a ʻo ke kumu lua ka mea hōʻino i ka pituitary a i ʻole hypothalamus.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hypothyroidism haʻahaʻa i ka subclinical a hōʻike. Ua kapa ʻia ka subclinical i ke ʻano o ka pae o TSH (hormone hoʻoulu i ka thyroid) i hoʻonui i ke koko, a he mea maʻamau ka T4 (thyroxine). Me nā hōʻike - e hoʻonui ʻia ka TSH, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka T4.

ʻO nā ʻano o nā hormones i loko o ke koko:

• Hulu i ka hoʻāla ʻana o ka thyroid (TSH): 0.4–4 mIU / ml, ma ka wā hāpai: 0.1–3.0 mIU / ml,
• huʻala ʻelexxine (T4): 9.0-19.0 pmol / L, i ka wā hapai: 7.6-18.6 pmol / L,
• kīwī manuahiwila (T3): - 2.6–5.6 pmol / L, i ka wā hapai: 2.2-5.1 pmol / L.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Hypothyroidism ma ka congenital a loaʻa.

Nā kumu o ka hypothyroidism:

• nā huaʻino a me nā hewa o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka thyroid.
• nā maʻi e hiki ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana ke alakaʻi i ka nele iodine (diffuse toxic goiter),
• Oeiroitis (autoimmune, postpartum) - nā mumū o ke kelekoʻo thyroid.
• thyroidectomy (hana e hoʻoneʻe i ka thyroid gland)
• ʻoe nā iwi maʻi thyroid
• nā aho iodine (me nā meaʻai a i ʻole kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau),
• congenital hypothyroidism,
• ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka aila thyroid a hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha me ka radioactive iodine.

Nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism

Me ka hypothyroidism i loko o ke kino, ke hoʻolōʻihi nei ka hana o kekahi mau ʻōnaehana ma muli o ka nele o nā hormones thyroid i hana ʻia e ka thyroid gland. Ma muli o ka nui o ka maʻi ka maʻi a me ke lōʻihi o ka pathology. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke kū hoʻokahi a hui pū ʻia. E pili ana kēia:

• poina
• ho'ēmi i ka nānā
• ka lauoho lauoho a me ke kolo,
• ʻoi paha ka leo (hiki ke kani ka pō ma muli o ka ʻāʻī o ke alelo a me ka larynx)
• wahī ʻaʻe
• ka ʻōpū o ka ʻili
• nāwaliwali nui (a i ke kakahiaka),
• ʻōpū paʻa
• Hōʻikeʻike
• hoʻemi ʻia ka hana,
• loaʻa ka paona
• ka emi ʻana o ka hanu ʻana a me ka helu pulse (ʻo kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, ʻoi paha ka nui o ka naʻau ma lalo o 60 beats / min),
• maloʻo maloʻo
• hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke anuanu kino (hiki i kēia ke ʻano o ka chilliness),
• ʻānō ma ka lima (ma muli o ke kaomi ʻana o ka hopena o ke nerve ma ka hoe ʻana o nā io i loko o ka pulima),
• ka ʻike pepeiao, hoʻolohe, kani ʻana i ka pepeiao (ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpū o ka naʻau ma muli o ke kaʻi ʻana o ka aʻai).

ʻO keʻano kūikawā o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai

ʻO nā wahine hāpai i ka hypothyroidism kekahi hiʻohiʻona. Me ka hoʻolālāʻana o ka hapai, hiki ke emi nā hōʻailona. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana o ka maʻi thyroid gland o ka pēpē a me ka hoʻokomo o kāna mau hormones i ka makuahine e like me ka uku.

Me kahi hopena palupalu o nā hormone thyroid ma ka pānaʻi o ke kano, ua ʻike ʻia ka makemake o nā maʻi pinepine.

I mea e loaʻa ʻole ai nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻomohala hou, pono ʻoe e nīnau koke i ke kauka, e hoʻohemo i nā hōʻike a pau e pono ai a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻōla ma kahi hiki

Hoʻopilikia i ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai

Ke mālama ʻia nei ka mālama ʻia o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai e ka endocrinologist me a me ka obstetrician.

Ma ka trimester mua, prenatal (prenatal) i hōʻike ʻia no ka hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ka pūpū. Me nā hypothyroidism uncompensated, hōʻike ʻia ka haʻaleleʻana i nā kumu olakino. Akā inā makemake ka wahine e hoʻomau i ka hānau ʻana i kahi keiki, laila e hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻōla ʻana me ka sodium levothyroxine (L-thyroxine). Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hypothyroidism (me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka pae hoʻokō ʻo TSH) ʻaʻole ia he contraindication ma ka hapai, ʻo ka mālama like ʻia nō hoʻi.

Ma mua o ka wā hapai, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o L-thyroxine i ka maʻi 50-100 mcg / lā. Ma hope o kāna hoʻomaka, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka 50 μg, ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka overdose, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ua emi ka nui o nā hormones thyroid i ke koko o ka pēpē. Hōʻike kekahi i kekahi mau wahine hāpai mai ka 20 mau pule ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hormonal, pono pono e hoʻonui i ka pona. ʻO TSH i ka wā e pono ai ke kinona e pono ma lalo o 1.5-2 ka mIU / L.

Loaʻa ka sodium Levothyroxine i nā papa o 50 a me 100 μg (no ka laʻana, ʻo Eutirox). Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau i kakahiaka ma ka hapalua hola ma mua o ka papaʻaina, inā he ʻino, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka wā ma mua.

Me ka hypothyroidism, ʻaʻole i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hana o nā hormones e ka glandula thyroid, no laila mālama pono ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā manawa a pau.

Ka Hoʻouna

Nui nā wahine hāpai me ka hypothyroidism, hāʻawi ʻia i ka uku holoʻokoʻa, hānau i ka manawa a me ka ʻole o nā ʻōpiopio. Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻo Caesarean e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka obstetric.

Me ka hypothyroidism, kahi hoʻonāukiuki i ka wā hānau keiki i kekahi manawa, e like me ka hana palupalu. ʻO ka hoʻouna ʻana i kēia hihia ma ke ala kūlohelohe, a me ke kōkua o kahi ʻāpana cesarean (e like me nā hōʻike).

Ma ka manawa o ka postpartum, aia kahi hopena o ke koko, no laila pono ke pale ʻia (ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻōpū).

ʻO nā ʻōhua kūpono o ka hypothyroidism no ka makuahine a me ka maʻi fetus

Aia kekahi hopena hoʻohālikelike i ka uluʻana o ka hypothyroidism congenital i loko o ka pūpū. Inā ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka manawa, a laila hiki ke hoʻoponopono maʻalahi ʻia me ke kōkua o ka pono hou.

• lawe lima (30-35%),
• preeclampsia
• nā hana hana nawaliwali
• hūnā koko i ka wā hoʻopuni.

ʻO nā ʻōhua kūpono o ka hypothyroidism uncompensated:

• hypertension, preeclampsia (15-20%),
• ka haʻalele ʻana o ka wahi (3%),
• i ka wā i waiho ʻia o ka hemorrhage (4-6%),
• ka nui iki o ke kino o ka pēpē (10-15%),
• nā hana hānai (3%),
• fetal make a ʻo ke keiki (3-5%).

Me ka mālama kūpono ʻana i ka manawa kūpono a me ka liʻiliʻi. No kahi papa makemake o ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke keiki, koi ʻia ke ʻano ke hoʻololi i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa o ka wā hāpai. Me ka hypothyroidism congenital i loko o kahi wahine hāpai, pono ke kūkākūkā genetic.

Nā ʻikepili helu helu i lawe ʻia mai ka pūnaewele pūnaewele o ka Federal Medical Library (disertation: "Krivonogova M.E., ke ʻano o ka wahine no nā wahine hāpai me nā maʻi maʻi iodine")

ʻO kekahi mau noiʻi i ka wā hāpai

ʻO ka hāpaiʻana me ka hypothyroidism: he aha nā hopena kūpono?

ʻO ka Hypothyroidism kahi maʻi maʻi e hoʻoiho ʻia e ka hoʻomau mau o nā hormones thyroid. I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pathology ma waena o nā wahine e lawe ana i kahi keiki hiki i ka 2%. Pono ka pale ʻana me ka hypothyroidism i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka mea ʻole o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia kūlana, ua loko me ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ka pūpū.

ʻO ka gland thyroid he māhele o ka pūnaehana endocrine i loaʻa ke kumu a pololei paha a kokoke i nā ʻōnaehana kino āpau. No kēia kumu, he mea nui e ʻike pehea e ʻoluʻolu ai ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai. I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka hoʻolālā o ka hoʻomohala o ka pilikia o ka hormone thyroid, pono ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā kumu.

Aia ma muli o ke kumu i hōʻemi ai i ka pae o nā hormone thyroid, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano o ka hypothyroidism.

I waena o lākou:

ʻO ia ka 95% o nā ʻano āpau o ka hypothyroidism. E hōʻino ʻia e nā hōʻino pololei i ka aʻa o ka thyroid. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hoʻopōʻino i ka ʻili o ke kiko a i ʻole ka hana haʻahaʻa.

Hiki paha i kēia ma:

• Autoimmune thyroiditis. He maʻi maʻi ʻoe i ka maʻi thyroid. Hiki pinepine ka Autoimmune hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai.
• ʻO nā hopena o ka hana lapaʻau. Hiki i ka hypothyroidism ke hoʻomohala ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻōmaʻi o ka thyroid nui, a i ʻole kekahi mahele o ia mea.
• Anomalies o ka hoʻolālā. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka agenesis (ka hana congenital) a me ka maʻi disgenesis (malformation) o ka nui a ka thyroid.
• Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā hoʻopiʻi o ARVI e alakaʻi pinepine i ka nahā.
• ʻO ka hoʻolālā maʻi iodine. Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hakakā me nā neoplasms malignant.
• ʻO ka hypothyroidism wāwahi. I kekahi manawa ulu i ka mea no ka postpartum thyroiditis.

ʻO kekahi hypothyroidism maʻamau ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma ka wā hāpai a mālama ʻia ma nā ʻano maʻi o ka hormone thyroid.

Nā kumu:

• ʻO ka komo ʻana o nā huakini thyrotropic i ke kino, ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
• ʻO ka hana hōʻeuʻeu i mua o ka hana synthetic o ke kumu thyroid.
• ʻO ka hemahema a ʻoi aku paha ka iodine i loko o ke kino (no kēia kumu, Iodomarin me ka hypothyroidism paʻa i ka wā hapai, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e lawe wale ʻia me ka ʻae ʻana o ke kauka hele.

Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka maʻi maʻi e ka poino o ka gland pituitary.ʻO ka pahu o mua o kēia kahe endocrine, aia i loko o ka lolo, ka huna ʻia o ka hormone thyroid-hoʻoikaika. Hoʻohana ʻia ka TSH i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka nui o ka momona thyroid. Ke hoʻonāukiuki nei i ka nui o ka gland pituitary i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hana o nā hormone thyroid. E heluhelu hou e pili ana i ka TSH i ka wā hapai →

Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka Patology e ka hana hewa o kahi o nā ʻāpana o ka endocrine - ka hypothalamus, aia hoʻi i ka lolo. He hopena hoʻonāukiuki kēia neʻe o ka neʻe o ka neʻe o ka TSH e ka huʻu pituitary e ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hormone thyrotropin-hoʻokuʻu. ʻO ka hopena hoʻololi i ka hypothalamus hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maikaʻi ole thyroid.

Pono kēlā hypothyroidism i ka wā e hāpai ana i ka nānā ʻana, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke lilo i kekahi o nā hōʻailona kekona e hōʻeha kino i nā hana o ka lolo. ʻO ka hapa haʻahaʻa a me ka lua o ka nui o ka nui o ka hormone thyroid i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hypothyroidism waena.

ʻO nā hihia e ʻike pinepine ʻia nei o kēia ʻano maʻi e hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia ma nā ʻano o nā kīʻaha ʻohana. ʻO ka ʻōpū ma ka hihia o ka hypothyroidism congenital e nīnau pono a hoʻolālā ʻia a ma lalo o ka nānā pono o endocrinological. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hypothyroidism peripheral e kahi hōʻemi o ka hoʻonaninani ʻana i nā io o ke kino i nā hormone thyroid. I kēia hihia, aia nā hemahema nui o ka hōʻeha i ka lolo thyroid, hypothalamus a me nā pituitary gland.

Ma ke ʻano o ke kauka o ka hypothyroidism e hilinaʻi pololei i ka lōʻihi a me ka paʻakikī o ka nele o ka hormone thyroid. Hoʻomaʻama pinepine, ʻike pinepine nā panui. No laila, ʻaʻole ka hoʻohālikelike subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā e hāpai ana a ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻeha o ke ʻano ikaika a me ke koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano o ka "masks" o nā maʻi like ʻole. ʻO ka laʻana, hiki ke kūkā i nā hopena o ka hypothyroidism uncompensated i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka arrhythmia, ka mea pili ʻole i ka pili mua o ka naʻau.

Hypothyroidism Syndromes:

ʻO ia ka mea nui loa insidious o ka maʻi hormonal. ʻAʻole hopohopo ʻo Subclinical hypothyroidism i kahi wahine i ka wā hāpai, no laila hiki i kāna hopena ke koʻikoʻi ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hoʻonālikelike o ka hormonal, ma ka hopena, e alakaʻi i ka hiʻohiʻona o nā hōʻailona haukapila, akā naʻe ia ʻano mea ʻole.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hōʻoia. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui ka hoʻonui ʻana i TSH e pili ana i ka mua o ke kiʻekiʻe maʻamau o ka huakaʻi T4 (tetraiodothyroxine). ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka glandula thyroid e ka pūnaehana hypothalamic-pituitary.

ʻAʻole ke kumu hoʻohālikelike i ka subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai: nā hopena no kahi keiki i hānau ʻia ma kona ʻano, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ia he hoʻoweliweli. Ma 55% o nā hihia, hānau ʻia kahi pēpē hou. Hiki ke kau ʻia nā pilikia, ma ka hana, ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana mai.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia nā pilikia o ke kelepona thyroid ma waena o nā wahine e lawe ana i kahi fetus. Hoʻokomo ka pūʻulu hanana i nā mea i ka wā ma mua o ka manawa postpartum. ʻO ka liki nui e wehewehe ʻia e ka lawe ʻana o nā antibodies i nā io ʻoiini kelepaʻi thyroid ma waena o 10-20% o nā wahine hāpai.

ʻO ka Autoimmune thyroiditis, hoʻowalewale ʻia e ka autoantibodies, e hōʻeha ai i ka hypothyroidism, ka mea hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hapai a, i ka haʻalele ʻana o ka mālama kūpono, hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia i ke keiki hānau ʻole. Hoʻonui ka maʻi ma ke ʻano hypertrophic a me ka atrophic. I ka hihia mua, he uku uku ia o ka nui o ka gland thyroid, ma ka lua - ka loli o nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻāpana pili.

ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka hypothyroidism ʻaʻole e nānā ʻia i ka wā e hoʻolālā ana i ka hāpai ʻana. Hiki i nā hemahema o ka nui o ka hormone thyroid e hōʻeha i ka maʻi infertility. Pono e mālama ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka hypothyroidism mua ma mua: ʻo ka hānau ʻana, ʻoiai inā ua hanana, e holo ana i ka ʻōpū o ka hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i ka maʻi palahalaha a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻonā koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

ʻO nā wahine ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka maʻi ma mua o ka hypothyroidism e ʻōlelo pū ʻia aku e nānā i kā lākou thyroid i ka wā o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka wahine hāpai. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hiki ke hāpai i kahi keiki me kahi ʻano subclinical pathology. Inā ʻaʻole hoʻoholo ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka hormonal ma mua o ka hapai, a laila ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism i hala ma hope aku i ka wā o ka gestation.

Hiki i kahi hapa o nā hormone thyroid ke hopena i ka hopena o ka makuahine a me ka mea hānai. Pilikia loa ka ʻatikala ma ka trimester mua, i ka wā e loaʻa ai nā hoʻokomo o nā hui a me nā ʻōnaehana o ka embryo.

Hiki i ka hypothyroidism hoʻohālikelike i ka wā hāpai ke hoʻoulu i kahi koʻikoʻinā hopena no ke keiki:

• ʻO ka paona hānau hānau haʻahaʻa.
• Lag ma loko o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo.
• Nā kuʻuna o ka hoʻonohonoho.
• Mahele hypothyroidism.

He hopena maikaʻiʻole ka hypothyroidism ma ka hāpai ʻana a hiki ke hānai no ka wahine. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka pathology e wehewehe ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hormones thyroid maternal e ka mea hānau i ka hapalua o ka hāpai ʻana.

Nā ʻōmole pane:

• ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ke kō.
• Detachment premature o ka pletenta me ka hoʻokaʻeha koʻikoʻi.
• Hana ikaika.
• Anemia pale pio.

ʻO wai ke kaukaʻi e ʻike ai no ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai?

Ke mālama ʻia nei ka hoʻokele o ka manawa holoʻokoʻa me ka hypothyroidism ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi o kahi endocrinologist a me obstetrician-gynecologist. Hoʻopake ʻo ka mea loea mua i ka pale ʻana o ka hormonal a nānā pono i nā hopena, ʻo ka lua e lawe i ka diagnostics prenatal o nā maʻi paha i loko o ka pūpū a me ka nānā i ke ʻano o ka hōʻeha. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i nā hopena hiki i ke kali ke kali ʻana i ka makuahine e kali ana a me kāna pēpē.

Hypothyroidism, hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka wā hāpai, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopiʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi no ka pēpē a me ka makuahine. ʻO ke kumu o ka mālamaʻana i ka ʻoi aku ka hoʻololi o ka hormone. Me he lāʻau lapaʻau, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka sodium levothyroxine: Eutirox, L-thyroxine, Bagothyrox.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka dosage e ka endocrinologist a i waena o 50 a 150 mcg i kēlā me kēia lā. Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau i kakahiaka ma ka hapalua hola ma mua o kahi pāʻina. ʻAʻole hoʻihoʻi ka sodium Levothyroxine i ka hana thyroid, akā ua hoʻololi wale i kāna hana.

ʻAʻohe mau moʻaila ʻae ʻoe e loaʻa i ka sodium levothyroxine ma ka home ʻaʻole i noho. ʻO ka wā e hāpai ai i ka wā ʻo ka hypothyroidism o ka nui o ka thyroid e pono ai ka mālama kūikawā a ʻaʻole hoʻi i ʻae i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī. ʻO ka hoʻi ʻana mai i kekahi lāʻau e ʻae ʻia me ke kauka.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻoni kaulana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana i loaʻa iodine. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻopiʻi nui ma loko o ke kino hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hypothyroidism a hōʻehaʻeha i ka male ʻana. ʻO nā ala e palekana ai i ka make ʻana o ka iodine ka mea e pau ai nā lau o ka iʻa.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻatikala i paʻi ʻia ma nā punaewele i ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i:

• Hoʻolālā kaila o ka cider apple iodine i loko. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole wale kēia ala e hōʻōla i ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai, akā e hoʻolauna pū i ka hopena hoʻoweliweli i ka ola: ʻo ka mea mua, hiki ke kiʻi i ka puhi, a i ka lua, kuʻuna i ka maʻi kiʻekiʻe o ka iodine.
• ʻO Juniper lāua ʻo ka Butter Butter. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kekahi hopena o waho ma ka kelepaʻo thyroid he hikiʻole. Hoʻopau maoli kēia i nā hihia i ʻike ʻia nā node i ka ʻōpū.

ʻAʻole hoʻohiki ʻia nā ʻano kikoʻī kūikawā e kāohi ana. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hana nui i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wā e kipi ʻia nei.

I mea e pale ai i ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai a pale aku i nā hoʻopiʻi kūlohelohe ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia nā ʻōkuhi o kēia:

• Ka nānāʻana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka thyroid i ka wā hoʻonohonoho.
• Lawe i nā huaʻai iodine e like me ke kauka ʻana e kāu kauka.
• ʻO ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lāʻau regimens therapeutic i ka wā e hoʻohana ai ka levothyroxine.
• ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka wehe ʻole ʻana i ka pili me nā mea e ʻona ʻia.

He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i ka nui o ka hypothyroidism e pili ana i ka hapai. Ke hoʻokaʻawale nei i ka mea nui o ka hoʻopiha endocrine "liʻiliʻi" hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hopena pōʻino no ke keiki a me ka makuahine. ʻO ke kī i kahi hapai maʻamau ka manawa kūpono i ka endocrinologist a me gynecologist, a me ke kauʻana i kā lākou mau manaʻo.

Nā kumu a me nā hopena o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai he kūlana o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻole o ka nui o nā hormone thyroid, ma ka wā hāpai, ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka ʻoihana endocrine o ke keiki, ka mea e koi ʻia e hoʻolako i ke kino o ka makuahine a me ke keiki.

ʻO nā hormones thyroxine a me triiodothyronine me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka olakino o nā makuahine a me nā pēpē.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai he ʻelua mau ʻano:

ʻO ka primati he hopena o kahi kuhi hewa ʻole o ka gland thyroid pono a hiki i ka loaʻa a loaʻa paha i kahi ʻano hana. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā kiko ikaika e hana ana i nā hormone, a me nā hemahema i ka biosynthesis o ka ʻano thyroid. Hoʻomaʻa ka lua o ka hypothyroidism e pili ana i ka hanana ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka thyroid-stimulate hormone o ka pituitary gland, a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā ʻano o ka haʻi hypothalamus.

I ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hypothyroidism ma kahi ala ʻalani, kahi i hoʻonui ʻia ai nā manaʻo o ka TSH ma ke ʻano o ka nui o ka nui o ka T3 a me T4 (latent a subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai) a me ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka TSH ma kahi o ke kaohi o kahi pae o free T3 a me T4 (hōʻike hypothyroidism) ka hoʻokaʻawale.

Inā hoʻopili ke kino o kahi wahine hāpai i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o T3 a me T4, a laila e ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano uku a hoʻēmi ʻia. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, me ka hypothyroidism paʻakikī, hiki i nā wahine hāpai ke hāpai i ka piko. ʻO ka hele mai o ka maʻi ka lubricated hōʻailona, ​​no laila he wahine hāpai a ma lalo o ka mālama mau ʻana o ke kauka.

ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻi ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana o ka maʻi hypothyroidism:

• ka manaʻo o ka nāwaliwali o ke kino,
• hoʻemi ʻia ka hana
• nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū puʻuwai,
• luhi, luhi
• nā manaʻo minamina
• ho'ēmi i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka nānā
• momona momona
• pilikia pilikia a me ka vascular,
• lau maloʻo a me ka lauoho lauoho,
• nā pilikia me ka gastrointestinal tract
• ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka leo o ka leo.

ʻO ka hopena o ka maʻi he wīwī maʻamau i nā kaʻina āpau. Ma muli o kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka chilliness mau a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke ʻano kino o ke kino. Kekahi o nā hormone thyroid e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana maʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu o nā maʻi maʻamau pinepine. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka nāwaliwali o ka palupalu a me ka momona hoʻi he mau hiʻohiʻona a i nā hora kakahiaka. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia ʻano me nā poʻo, nā ʻāʻī o ka lima a me ka pupuhi.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōpū ʻana i nā io, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kaula leo, aia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hihiʻo, aia hoʻi ke kani nei i nā pepeiao. Hōʻalo ka pilikia ʻo Digestive me ka constipation. E pale aku i ke kua o kahi pōpilikia o ka gland thyroid, hoʻomohala ka maʻi o ka naʻau, kolamu i ka nui o ke koko, e piʻi ana ka vascular atherosclerosis, maʻi a me ka coronary artery.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism a me ka infertility o nā manaʻo palena palena. I loko o nā wahine, aia kahi maʻi kāne, kahi e lawe ai i kēia ʻano puka me ka hypothyroidism: hele a hakakā nui loa ka hana ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi, no kekahi manawa lōʻihi, a ma kekahi mau hihia ua hiki ke pau. No laila, lilo ia i hikiʻole ke lilo i ka hapai me ka hypothyroidism.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i nā wahine hāpai he mea weliweli nui i ka wahine. Aia nā hopena maikaʻi loa no ke keiki:

• Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kāna kinipona kikowaena mai ka maʻi ʻehā.
• I ka hapa mua o ka hapai, aia ka pau piha pono o ka hana ʻana i ke kinipiko thyroid ma ka pēpē. Hoʻohui, hoʻoulu ʻia kona ʻōnaehana ma muli o ka hopena o nā ʻoma a ka māmā.
• Me ka hypothyroidism i loko o nā wahine, e loaʻa paha ka hānau keiki ma ka hypoxia, ka mea e alakaʻi ai i kahi paona liʻiliʻi o ke keiki.
• Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi no ka mea e make ka hua keiki ma ka ʻōpū.

I ka lua o ka lua, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hopena o nā hormones māmā a ka uku no ka nele o nā hormones thyroid i ke keiki.

Ma hope o ka hānau keiki ʻana, inā ua ʻike ʻia ka palekikena kongenital i ka manawa, hiki ke maʻi ʻia ka maʻi e ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano maʻi, a ʻaʻole loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ʻae ʻana me ka hypothyroidism māmā e alakaʻi i ka manaʻo o ka waiho ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ma waena o ka pēpē e mālama i ka pohō o nā hormone thyroid, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻōki ʻia nā kaʻina.

Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, he nui nā hoʻopiʻi o ka hypothyroidism i loko o ka wā hapai. I kēia lā, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā maʻi me ka nānā i ka manawa kūpono a me ka mālama kūpono ʻana me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi. Ke ʻōlelo aku nei kēia mau haʻawina like ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ke ʻano o nā hormone thyroid i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomake ʻana o ke keiki ma mua o ka olakino o ka wahine.

ʻO ka Hypothyroidism a me ka hapai i ka manawa like ka mea i hoʻoweliweli i ka olakino wahine. Kuhi ʻia kēia ma kēia aku nei:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua me ka toxicosis koʻikoʻi, hiki paha i ka haʻalele wale ʻia ʻana.
• Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻoweliweli maikaʻi ʻole o ka maleʻe a hiki i ka wā hāpai.
• Ua paʻakikī ka lā i ka wā o ka gestosis.
• Nā hopena o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai, ʻoi aku ka hao hao anemia, kaʻi ʻana o ka ʻōpū ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

I loko o nā wahine i ka wā hāpai, loaʻa ka maʻi i hoʻokahi mai 10 o nā hihia. No ka hapa nui, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka hypothyroidism iā ia iho.

ʻO nā noiʻi noiʻina hana i kēia hihia ke hōʻike i nā antibodies i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka kelepaʻo thyroid. Ke alakaʻi nei nā antibodies i ka luku ʻia o nā cell thyroid, ʻoiai e hoʻemi ʻia ka synthet hormone.

ʻOiai inā noho maʻamau ʻo TSH, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pūpū i ka wā hāpai, aia kahi hapa o nā hormone thyroid, a ma muli o ia, ulu ka hypothyroidism.

Hoʻokomo pū ka ʻili me ka gland thyroid i ka maʻi. Ke hoʻoneʻe nei ka ʻāpana o kāna kiko, i ka nui o nā pūpuna e hoʻoili i ka hormone e emi like me ia. ʻO ke kumu kēia o ka nele o ka hormone i ka wā hāpai.

Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi maʻi i ka hana o nā kinikini thyroid ma nā wahine. Ua pili kēia mau kuhihewa i nā ʻō aʻe:

• hyperstimulation o kūleʻa kelepa,
• hoʻonui ka globulin i loko o ka ate,
• iodine ieeine urinary,
• deiodination o nā hormone o ka hui o ka thyroid i ka placenta.

Nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai e hōʻike pinepine i ka nele iodine, no ka mea pili i ka maʻi pili me ka nui o nā pono o ka hormone thyroid.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka papa o ka maʻi ka mea i ʻike ʻia i ka hapalua o ka hapalua o ka tachycardia e kū'ē i ke kua o nā hōʻailona o ka hopena o ka gland hyperfunction. ʻO kēia no ke komoʻana i nā hormones mai ka pūpū. ʻO ke kaohi ʻana o ka hormone thyroid e alakaʻi i ka loli ʻana o ka ʻili, nā ʻōpū kūloko a me nā membrane mucous.

Ke alakaʻi nei ka maʻi hypothyroidism i ka mea ʻoi ke kolo pinepine nei ka mea hānau ma ka wī o ka oxygen i ka wā hānau. Ma hope mai, hiki ke maʻalahi iā ia i nā maʻi maʻamau pinepine.

ʻO ka postpartum hypothyroidism kekahi kumu o ka hoʻopiʻi olakino ma ka wahine.

Pono nā wahine hāpai e mālama ʻia e kahi obstetrician-gynecologist a me kahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopaʻa mau nei kēia mau loea i nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism. Inā he kānalua liʻiliʻi loa, a laila kauoha koke ʻia kahi hōʻike hāmeʻa.

E hoʻoholo i ke aʻo ʻana i ke komo ʻana i loko o ke koko o ka hormone thyroid (T4) a me ka hormone pituitary, nāna e kāohi i ke ʻano o T4 (TSH). Me kahi hōʻemi o ka mua a me ka māhina o ka lua, kahi hana no ka maʻi - ka hypothyroidism prim, ʻo ia hoʻi, he hōʻailona ia kahi maʻi maleka hoʻopono thyroid. Me kahi kahi i hoʻemi ʻia o nā hormones ʻelua, ua ʻike ʻia ka hypothyroidism i ka hana hewa ʻana i nā hana o nā kumuwaiwai hipuitary a me hypothalamus.

Inā hōʻike ka screening i nā loli i loaʻa i loko o ka hypothyroidism mua, kuhikuhi nā kauka i kahi hōʻike koko hou no ka hele ʻana o nā antibodies. Hōʻike ka hōʻike maikaʻi ʻana i ka hōʻino i nā pū me nā mea ponoʻī.

Eia nō hoʻi, ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o nā poʻe loea, hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia ka hoʻolālā ʻana.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kumu. ʻO kēia paha ka nele o ka iodine a hōʻino paha i ka ʻaila. E hoʻokumu ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka iodide potassium. Hoʻolālā ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka haʻawina hoʻōki i ka hoʻokū ʻana. Ma ke ʻano paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hāpai ʻana. Inā hoʻoholo ka wahine e hoʻomau i ka hāpai ʻana, a laila ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hana ai, he mau manawa hou aʻe ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Kuhi ʻia nā haʻahaʻa o ka nui e ka levothyroxine, kahi koho ka mea i wae ʻia e ka mea ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka hōʻike koko a me ke ʻano o ka wahine. ʻO ka inamua mua he 50 mcg. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia ʻauʻau i kēlā me kēia lā e 25 mcg i kēlā me kēia lā ʻekolu a i hoʻoponopono ʻia i 175 mcg.

Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka hypothyroidism ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana, a laila e hoʻonui ʻia ka lāʻau e 25 mcg i kēlā me kēia lā. I kēlā mau wahine hāpai, aia ka mālamalama mau ʻana o ka aila thyroid. E kōkua ka hopena maʻi ma mua e mālama i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wikiwiki, ʻo ia hoʻi e hiki koke mai ana ka hoʻōla. Me ka mālama kūpono, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻomanawanui i kahi keiki olakino me ke pilikia ʻole.

I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi, i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hewa iodine i loko o ke kino, pono ke nānā ʻia ʻo ka wahine ma mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka ʻōpū. I ka hōʻike ʻana o nā analikino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kau ʻana.

1. ʻO ka maʻi thyroid. - Moscow: Keʻena, 2007. - 432 c.
2. Petunina, N. A. Nā maʻi o ka papa thyroid: monograph. / N.A. Petunina, L.V. Trukhina. - M .: GEOTAR-Media, 2011 .-- 222 p.
3. Hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaka ʻo thyroid - Ushakov A.V. - Ke Alakaʻi Kaukaʻi
4. Sinelnikova, A. A. 225 mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke olakula thyroid: monograph. / A.A. Sinelnikova. - M .: Vector, 2012 .-- 128 p.
5. Uzhegov, G.N. ʻO nā maʻi o ka gland thyroid: Nā ʻano like o nā maʻi, Ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna, Therapeutic / G.N. Kikowaʻe. - Moscow: Ke Kulanui ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Lūkini, 2014 .-- 144 p.

Ольга Melikhova Olga Aleksandrovna - wahine endocrinologist, ʻike makahiki 2 makahiki.

Pānaʻi ʻo ia i ka pale ʻana, ka nānā ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine: kelepona thyroid, pancreas, kelepaʻi adrenal, gland pituitary, nā kime kelepaʻi, nā kuʻi parathyroid, ka hiʻi thymus, etc.

✓ ʻ Articlelelo i nānā ʻia e ke kauka

I ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaikamahine me kahi pōpilikia o ka momona thyroid i ka wā o ka hapai a me nā hormones (thyroid) e hua ʻia i loko o ka nui o ka nui, a laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi like me ka subclinical hypothyroidism e hoʻonui. I kēia kūlana, hiki i kahi wahine ke loaʻa i nā ʻano ākea he nui.

Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino wahine i ka wā hāpai a hiki i ke ʻikepili i lawa ka nui o kekahi mau hormone, a laila kuhi ka pila. I ka hopena, hiki ke hānau ʻia kahi keiki me ka ʻuwale o ka noʻonoʻo, nā pilikia ma ka ʻōnaehana, pono ʻole ka pae o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana. I ka huli ʻana, he pōʻino loa kēia no ke olakino wahine, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ka maʻi kolohe wahine a me ka maʻi ʻole. Ke hōʻoia nei ka wahine i ka maʻi o ka hypothyroidism, hiki ke hāpai ʻia i kahi keiki, akā ma kēia hihia, pono nā mākua e ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena āpau āpau.

Subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai

He mea koʻikoʻi nā hormones thyroid i hāpai ʻia e ke kino wahine i ka wā hāpai, no ka mea ke kōkua like i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ka pēpē. ʻOiai ka mea nui o kēia pūʻulu o ka hormone no ke keiki (i nā manawa mua o ke ola, nele ka pūpū i kahi kelā thyroid), nui hoʻi ka nui o ka hormone thyroid no ka makuahine, no ka mea aia ka nui o ka hopena o nā maʻi.

• ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻia ka kolohe,
• Hiki i ke hypothyroidism ke hele i kahi keiki
• hānau ka pēpē me ka papa noʻonoʻo naʻauao,
• i ka wā hānau, loaʻa ke kaumaha kino kino o ke kino,
• i ka wahine i ka wā gestation, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻia ka exfoliation o ka plasenta.
• maʻi hypertension ma ka makuahine hāpai
• hoʻomohala ʻana i ka thyroid
• Hoʻopuka i ka hoʻouka
• mahuahua i ke koko ma hope o ka hānau keiki ʻana,
• nā hana ʻino o ka pūnao keu ma ka pēpē.

Hoʻolohe Inā ʻōpō kekahi wahine i kahi maʻi maʻi o ka hypothyroidism subclinical, a laila pono e mākaukau no ka nui o ka make o ka perinatal make.

Kaʻeha o ka thyroid dysfunction

ʻO ka kumu, ke hele nei ka hypothyroidism ma kahi o kahi maʻi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa, e ulu ana me ka wā o ke ʻano o ke kaʻina o ke aʻeha o ka thyroid gland a i kahi hihia o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi.

Ke nānā nei ke kūlana hypothalamic-pituitary i ka hypothyroidism sekela. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ka hele ʻana o ka maʻi a i ʻole neoplasm pololei i ke kelima thyroid.

Hiki i ka subclinical hypothyroidism ke hōʻemi i ka manawa kūpono. Kuhi ʻia kēia e ka hana hewa ʻole o ke kahe ʻana o ka menstrual a me ka ovulation. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia ka infertility ovulatory. Ke pale nei i nā pilikia me ka hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pēpē, he mea koʻikoʻi no ka wahine ke kiaʻi mau i ka pae o ka hormonal a me ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone, inā aia kekahi mea e kuhi nei i ka lolo thyroid, a laila e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā hormone. ʻAʻole mea nui ka mea hope loa no ka wahine wale nō, akā no ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki. Inā ʻaʻole, inā i ʻike ʻia ka subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai, a laila ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka lilo ʻana o ka pēpē ma o ka haʻalele wahine.

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike a me ka subclinical hypothyroidism kūpono

ʻO ka hopena o ka hypothyroidism ma ka hāpai ʻana

He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka wā e hoʻolālā nei e nānā no nā mea hōʻino ma loko o ka nui thyroid. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i nā hebedoma mua ma hope o ka ʻāhaʻi ʻana, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o TSH i ke kino, ka mea i hoʻāpono ʻia e ka puka hou o nā pono hou i ke kino. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ka hōʻailona TSH nui i ka lua o ka lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

E makaʻala! Inā ʻaʻole pono ke kino o ka wahine i ka iodine, a laila e noho ka hana o kēia hāmeʻa i loko o ka maʻamau maʻamau.

I ka nānā ʻana o ka nele iodine, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka synthe o ka TSH - he hōʻailona kēia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke keiki. ʻO ka trimester mua ma hope o ka hoʻomau ʻana, e hilinaʻi nui ka pūpū i nā hormones maternal i hana ʻia. I ka hopena ka hemahema o nā hormones, ulu pinepine ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka pēpē.

He mea nui kēia! Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana mai ka pēpē i lawe pono ʻia i kahi loiloi kūikawā no ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pathology - congenital hypothyroidism. Hoʻopili ʻia ke ʻano ma ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai ka pēpē mai ka kuʻekuʻe.

E hōʻemi i nā hopena pōʻino i ke keiki a me ka makuahine, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hoʻokele L-thyroxine. I kēia hihia, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kaona o ka mea lapaʻau wale nō e ke kauka, a ua hoʻōla maoli ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī. I ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i ka hormone hāmeʻa, pono kahi wahine e hāʻawi i ke koko e nānā i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone i kēlā me kēia mau heʻewalu mau pule.

Nā maʻi no ka subclinical hypothyroidism

No laila, ʻaʻole ia he kūpono no ka hoʻoili ʻana me ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi suboho o ka hypothyroidism, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kāu thyroxine. Hoʻomau wale ka ʻike ʻana i kēia hāpana ma ka lawe ʻana. No laila, hiki ke mālama pono i kahi hoʻolālā olakino. Inā hoʻoholo ka wahine me kēia maʻi e mālama i ka lapaʻau ʻana o ka iwi ma kāna iho, a laila, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau hopena i nā hopena a me ke hāpai ʻana ma hope.

Kahi helu

E like me ke koʻikoʻi, heʻokoʻa nā ʻano 3 o ka hypothyroidism:

1. KOLOLOKOLOA. Hōʻike ʻia ia me ka nele o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hiki i ke koko ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka hormone thyroid, akā hoʻonui ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe TSH. Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano subclinical o ka hypothyroidism ma mua o 20% o nā wahine.
2. KOLOHE MANAWA. E mālama pū ʻia me ka olakino maikaʻi. Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka kiʻekiʻe o nā hormones i loko o ke koko, akā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka TSH.
3. HEAVIE. Hōʻikeʻia ia e ke ala lōʻihi o ka maʻi me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mālama kūpono. E like me ke kānāwai, ka hopena he coma.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana metabolism. No ka mea kokoke ka ʻeha o nā receptors no nā hormone thyroid ma loko o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, aia kahi pilikia i ka hana o nā kino nui a me nā ʻōnaehana. Hoʻokumu ka paʻakikī i ka pae o ka nele o ka hormonal. ʻO ia ke kumu i hikiʻole ai i ka maʻi ke kānalua i ka manawa mua, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka mea hāpai i ka wahine hāpai i ka nui o nā hormone thyroid i nā 12 mau pule mua o ka wā e hāpai ana, i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kino o loko.

Mālama ʻana i kahi wahine hāpai i ka hypothyroidism

Inā he wahine maʻi ka wahine hāpai, ua hāʻawi ʻia i kahi hoʻolālā hana hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe.

1. Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i ka wā hāpai.
2. Ke nānā nei ka wahine e kahi obstetrician i hui pū me kahi endocrinologist.
3. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke aʻo ʻana a genetic, ua lawe pinepine ʻia ka wai no amniotic no ka nānā ʻana e wehe i ka malenations congenital i loko o ka pūpū.

1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka mālama ʻana no nā ʻano lahilahi a me ka asymptomatic ʻano o ka hypothyroidism.
2. Hoʻomaopopo nā wahine a pau ma ka trimester mua o ka hānau ʻana e lawe i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana iodine.
3. I ka wā hānau, ua nānā pinepine ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone.
4. Hele mua nā wahine i ka haukapila ma mua e hoʻonā i ka hopena o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana, ʻo ka mea maʻamau. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, pono nō ke keiki i ke aʻo ʻana i nā genetic.

He aha nā hopena i hiki i ke keiki?

ʻO ka nui o ka hormone thyroid ka hopena nui ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka wā o ka lolo o ka pēpē. ʻAʻohe ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe i ka hopena like.

ʻO nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai no ka pēpē:

• nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hōʻiliʻili spontan,
• heilou
• mau mea hua a ka naʻau,
• lohe pio
• hāpau
• ka hoʻohuli hewa ʻana o nā kino kūloko.
• hypothyroidism congenital, e ulu ana i loko o nā keiki i hānauʻia i nā makuahine me ka hypothyroidism untreated. ʻO kēia ka hopena koʻikoʻi loa o ka pēpē, ke kumu nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka cretinism. ʻO Cretinism kahi maʻi i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka hypothyroidism. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho he lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka olakino, lohi i ka mea ʻole, pani ʻole i ka fontanelles, maka ka maka i nā hiʻohiʻona mānoanoa a me nā hiʻohiʻona edematous, ʻaʻole kūlike nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, paʻa ka ʻōpiopio o ka keiki.

Ma hope o ke kau ʻana o ka maʻi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke keiki i ke ola lōʻihi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi i nā hormone thyroid. ʻO ka wikiwiki koke o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o kāna mau noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. A laila, i kēlā me kēia hapaha o ka makahiki, ke nānā ʻia nei ka mālama ʻana - ke ana ke keiki i ke kiʻekiʻe, paona, hoʻomohala holo a me ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hormones.

TRANSITOR HYPOTHYROIDISIS. ʻO kahi maʻi pōkole o nā keiki hou, ka mea e kaawale kūʻokoʻa a me ke kahua ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā wahi me ka nele o ka iodine, i nā pēpē mua, inā lawe ka makuahine i nā lāʻau hōʻeha i ka hana hormonal o ka nui o ka thyroid. I kēia hihia, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke keiki e mālama ʻia e like me ka hypothyroidism, inā ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻoia, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka maʻi āpau, hoʻopau ʻia nā lāʻau āpau.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kūlana hoʻomālamalama

Mai kahi lā mua, pono e nānā ʻo ka wahine hāpai i ke koko no ka mua ʻana o nā hormones. Pono e hana ke kino i ka nui o nā mea waiwai, no laila ua lawa ke kino o ka pākeke a me ka maʻi iho. ʻO nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka thyroid he pono no ka hoʻokumu pono ʻole a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka ʻōpū me ka hypothyroidism thyroid he kūlana maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka pathology i nā makuahine he nui, ʻo ka mea maʻamau e kū nei i kahi ʻano lethargic. ʻAʻole manaʻo ka nui o nā kauka he pono ke mālama iā ia i nā manawa a pau, me ka noʻonoʻo e lawa ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi a me nā hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hopena i nā hopena o ka hāpai a me ka hypothyroidism inā hele ka pilikia. Inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona, ​​hiki ʻoe ke kānalua me ka hoʻoponopono o ka lāʻau maʻi i ka nui o ka hana ʻana i ka hormone.

Nā hopena, nā hopena

I ka wā hāpai, ua hoʻāla ʻia ka hana ʻana o ke aʻalani thyroid e ke ala nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka wīwī - paʻakikī nui ka manawa no ke kino wahine. I kekahi mau kūlana, ʻaʻole i ke kumu o ke kūlana o nā wahine, akā i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino, ka uluʻana o ka mea i loko o ka pathology. ʻO nā maʻi e ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka hapai ʻana, akā ʻike ʻole ʻia no nā makahiki. I kekahi o nā koho i ka wā e hāpai ana i kahi fetus, hiki iā ia ke huli i nā hopena maikaʻi loa loa.

ʻO nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka thyroid gland e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole a me nā kino o ka embryo. Hiki i ka subclinical hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai ke alakaʻi i nā hemahema i ka hana o ka nenoai. Ua ʻike ʻia na nā keiki i maʻi me kēia maʻi, ka wahine, ma ka awelika, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike o ka ʻike ma mua o nā mea i hānau ʻia e nā makuahine olakino. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hopena i ke kuʻi o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pili o thyroid. Loaʻa i nā keiki kekahi pilikia me kāna hana mai ka wā hānau.

Nā kiʻi haukapila

Me nā maʻi liʻiliʻi, hōʻike ʻia ka hypothyroidism e nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālike a me nā ʻano lele. Hoʻomaopopo ka ʻano noʻonoʻo i ka noʻonoʻo, i kekahi mau manawa ua maʻi ʻia ka loiloi o ka noʻonoʻo, hoʻokiʻoki maoli ka hana. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia hōʻeha i ke kūlana kūloko, hoʻonāukiuki i ka maʻi kaumaha, ka hopohopo, nā makaʻu a me nā mea e nānā ai.

Ke kuhi nei i kahi maʻi a me nā hopena no kahi pēpē i ka wā o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai, pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ke ʻano o ka wahine i mea e maopopo ai nā hewa ʻole. ʻO nā hormones T3, T4 ka mea nui loa. I ka nui o nā hihia, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano mua o ka hormone, aʻo ka kekona e mālama ʻia ma kahi pae maʻamau.

Mālama ʻia ke kūlana

Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ke ala kūpono loa i ka hāpai ʻana o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ke pēpē i mua. Hoʻopili iki kēia i nā loiloi pono āpau o nā hōʻailona āpau, e pili pū ana i ka hana o ke hana ʻana o ka gland thyroid. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea hewa ʻole a hōʻike i ka ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e koi ʻia ai e pale aku i nā hopena no ka pēpē. ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai ka lilo i mea pilikia i ka maʻi gestation maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i kahi o hope.

Hiki i ka hopena ke kuʻi o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai a hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohokoke, ʻaʻole hoʻi ka hemahema. Ua ʻike ʻia ma nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi nei e hānau pinepine ai nā keiki me nā maʻi ʻole, ʻemi haʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, kahi mamao loa i ka pilikia nui e wehewehe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena ma ka ʻōnaehana nū nui.

Nā hopena: he

Ua ʻike ʻia nā hopena ʻokoʻa o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai no kahi pēpē.

• ma muli o ka hānau ʻana,
• kaho ma mua, ka wā mua o ka plasenta,
• ʻohi naʻau
• kuhihewa
• nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi laia,
• mea hoʻohālikelike
• ka hanau ana o kahi keiki make
• kumuleka kuʻuna o ke kelepaʻo thyroid.

Hoʻopilikia ʻia a me nā hoʻopiʻi

ʻO ka hopena o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai no ka pēpē a me ka makuahine ka mea maikaʻi loa. Ua ʻike ʻia aia me kēia maʻi ka nui o ka hopena o ke kahe koko e pilikia ai i ke olakino ma ka wahine i hana hana. Hoʻopilikia loa ke ʻano, ke hoʻoweliweli nei i ke ola o ka makuahine a me ke keiki. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻemi ai i nā pōʻino e hoʻomaka i ka ʻoihana peni ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana.

I mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā hopena o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai ʻana i kahi keiki, pono ia e nānā maʻamau me ka loea ma ka papa hoʻolālā o ke keiki a ma ka wā o ka gestation, kiaʻi nā kuhikuhi, ʻaiʻai a mālama pono iā ʻoe iho. ʻO ka meleni wale o ka lilo ʻana i ke olakino e kōkua me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki ke pale i nā pilikia olakino.

Hypothyroidism: pilikia i ka makuahine

Ua hōʻike ʻia ma nā hopena o nā hopena o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai ʻana no kahi keiki. No ka makuahine, ʻoi aku lākou i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke komo pū, me ka hopena o ka make. ʻO nā mea hua a ka thyroid i hana nui loa no ke olakino o ke kanaka, a he mea koʻikoʻi kēia no ka wā e hānau ai ka hānau keiki. Me ka nele o nā mea i hana ʻia e ka hua kino, nā mea momona e hōʻuluʻulu i loko o ke ate, ka mea e puhi ai i ka cholesterol aʻai o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻai. ʻO kēia, ma ka mea, hoʻonāukiuki i ka atherosclerosis, piʻi ke kīʻaha koko, a me ke ʻano o ka ʻū o ke koʻe.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism, i hele pū ʻia e ka hypothermia koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka ua overheating, ke alakaʻi i kahi pilikia hypothyroid. Ke emi nei ke koʻi, hāʻule ka pōpoki, hāʻule ka wahine. He hoʻoweliweli kēia kūlana. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻowalewale i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka kāne.

ʻO ka Hypothyroidism a me ka pōpilikia i ka wahine hānau

Inā hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi iā ia iho ma ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana, he mea nui loa ka pōpilikia o ke pēpē. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ulu ʻana o nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka thyroid gland kekahi o nā mea nui o ka kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana o kahi mea liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapa o nā hormones e pili i ka wahī. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hōʻike ʻo ka pēpē i nā maʻi neurological, ua kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo. Hiki ke pale ʻia i ka lāʻau hoʻokūkū ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o kahi kauka.

Hoʻonui pinepine ka hypothyroidism i ka lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka embryo i loko o ka pūpū. ʻAʻole hiki ke wānana ke ʻano o nā ʻōnaehana o kēia. Inā pilikia ka gland thyroid, a laila ma ka wā e hiki mai ke keiki i ka lāʻau hormonal i kona ola a pau.

Hypothyroidism: hōʻike ʻike

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāpai i ka maʻi inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻike aʻe:

• nāwaliwali
• nā lālā hao
• ka ʻā ʻana o ka waha
• loli ka leo
• pā nohona ʻole
• pilikia pilikia.

Me ka lawa ʻole o ka hana thyroid, pilikia ka nui a me nā moku o ke koko, nā hala, hiki i nā maʻi koko. ʻAʻohe lawa o ka oxygen i ka pletenta, ʻaʻohe lawa o nā meaʻai pono e pono ai no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kao hou.

Kālii: nā hiʻohiʻona

Inā ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻano gestational, hiki i nā hopena maikaʻi loa no ka lolo, ʻo ka maʻamau maʻamau e pilikia nei i ka hapa ʻole o nā hormones i loko o ke koko. Eia kekahi, hoʻonāukiuki ka maʻi:

• myelination
• apoptosis
• ikepaka
• ka neʻe ʻana o ka hormone.

Me ka loaʻaʻana o ka hypothyroidism i kēia manawa, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa, ka wahine hōʻoki aanewa, me ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki make, ke piʻi aʻe nei. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai e ola ana ke keiki, no ka manawa lōʻihi kona mau pūnaehana kūloko i kahi kūlana pōʻino a hiki ʻole ke ulu pololei.

Ua pilikia ka ʻōnaehana kabila: a pehea a pehea?

Me ka hypothyroidism, kiʻekiʻe ka uluʻana o ka cretinism endemic. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia kuʻe ʻana e kēia mau mea i hōʻike ʻia:

• hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo
• kuli
• haka ʻaila
• ʻike maka (squint),
• elle diplegia.

I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻonāukiuki kēia i ka dwarfism. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hoʻopakele ai i kahi keiki mai kēia mau pilikia, ʻo ia ke hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻana i kahi loiloi loiloi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ʻole ke hōʻoia i ka hala ʻole o nā papa holomua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou kiʻi ʻana.

Ma lalo o ka mākaʻi ʻana o kahi kauka

I ke kiʻi ʻana o nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, ua neʻe nui e ʻōlelo i kahi loea. E nānā nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua a mālama i ke kūlana. No ka hōʻemi i nā hopena kūponoʻole, pono ia e hana i nā kūlana kūpono loa no ka wahine hāpai, ʻo ia ka mea e hana ai ke haukapila.

I mea e ʻike ai i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi, pono ʻoe e hana i kahi anamnesis, e komo pū ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻoilina - i kekahi mau hihia, kahi genis predisposition ka mea nui e hoʻonāukiuki i nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaʻo thyroid. Ke hōʻike nei kahi hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe.

Diagnostics: pehea a pehea?

ʻO ka mea mua, ke nānā pono nei ke kauka i ka mea maʻi i hele mai, e mālama ana i nā hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo i ka helehelena, e nānā i ka ʻāʻī, e aʻo ana i ke ʻano o ka momona o ka subcutaneous. E nānā pono i ka ʻāpana i kahi kokoke i ke kaila thyroid me kou mau manamana lima. A laila hoʻolohe ʻia ka mea maʻi, e nānā ana i ka puliki, ke kaniʻuhū o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka nui o ka paʻa.

Loaʻa nā pilikia olakino e like me ka nānā loiloi i ka wahine hāpai. E like me ke kānāwai, hōʻike ʻia ka hypothyroidism ma ke kaʻe ʻana, ke huehue ʻana o ka maka, ka puffiness. ʻOliu ke ʻano, kūlohelohe nā ʻōnaehana e like me ke kiʻi o ka lohi. Ua haki ke kapa ʻana, e hāʻule ana ka wikiwiki, ʻōlelo ka mea hoʻomanawanui me ka hoarseness. Maʻamau paha nā maʻi noʻonoʻo.

I mea e ʻike ai i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā maʻi, pono ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻoliʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, ke nānā nei lākou i ke koko, e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hormone, coagulability, ka nui o ka iodine. Ke koi ʻia kahi noiʻi biochemical. A laila, lawe ʻia kahi haʻawina hoʻokolohua, i ka mea a ka mea maʻi e hoʻouna ʻia ai no ka ultrasound, kahi electrocardiogram. Inā hoʻoholoʻiʻo ʻia ka wahine hāpai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi maʻi. Ma muli o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana o kekahi kauka i ka maʻi ʻana o kahi wahine hāpai. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻae ʻia ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī iā ʻoe iho, e koho i nā pulu a hoʻoponopono pū i ke ʻano maʻi i koho ʻia e ke kauka.

No ke aha i hiki ai ke hoʻomohala?

ʻO ke kumu nui e hoʻomōhala ʻia kēia maʻi he ʻano pathological i loko o ka nui o ke kaomi thyroid. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki iā ia ke ulu kūʻē i kahi hōʻino o ka hōʻino i ka kelepona pituitary.

Nā kumu kumu o ka hypothyroidism mua:

1. Pākuʻi male.
2. Autoimmune thyroiditis.
3. ʻO ka hemahema o ka iodine i ke kino wahine.
4. ʻO ke kōpū o ke kelio thyroid.
5. ʻO ka heleʻana o nā neoplasms i ke kahena thyroid.
6. Nā kulu i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka radiation.
7. Oeidraomy.

Hoʻolohe Inā ma ke wā hāpai a ua mālama ʻia ke kaikamahine ma ka subclinical hypothyroidism, a laila, ʻo ka mea mua, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism mua a me ka lua

ʻO ka hypothyroidism subclinical he mau hōʻailona maʻalahi, ka mea e hōʻike wale ana iā ia wale nō ma ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo, e hoʻomaka ana e hōʻike iā ia iho e like me ke kaumaha. Eia kekahi, ma kahi wahine e ʻeha nei i kēia maʻi, ua ʻike nui ʻia ka hana a ʻike ʻia ka noʻonoʻo. No laila, inā he wahine ʻano maʻamau ʻo ia, a laila e nānā mua ʻia ka lāʻau thyroid.

Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka subclinical pathology e ka hoʻonui nui ʻana ma T3, ʻoiai ke kū nei ʻo T4 i loko o ka pā maʻamau. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke ʻano loea o ka maʻi hypothyroidism ma mua o subclinical (aneane asymptomatic). Hiki i kēia ʻano neʻe huna hilahila wale nō i loko o ke ʻano e pili ana i ka wahine:

• huhū, ka mea i hōʻike pinepine iā ia;
• ke okiia ana ka olelo
• ka hoʻoikaika o ka neʻe,
• kūlana ʻeha
• ke ʻano o ke kaupaona keu
• ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ponoʻī.

He mea paʻakikī nā hōʻailona a pau i luna e hōʻike i kahi hōʻike o ka maʻi maʻi, no laila, hōʻoia ʻia ka maʻi i hope ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻana i ka ʻike piha ʻana, a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, kahi koʻo thyroid.

Hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai - kahi mea e ʻike ai i kēlā me kēia wahine

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai a ʻaʻole i kahi hanana koʻikoʻi a paʻakikī maoli. He maʻi endocrine kēia e ka hoʻomau mau nei o ka pae o ka hormone thyroid. Hiki i kekahi mea kumu ke hoʻokū i nā kao maʻi.

ʻO nā maʻi o ka maʻi thyroid i ka wahine he 10-15 mau manawa ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka pilikia o ka maʻi ka pale ʻana i ka hana hoʻohālikelike o ka wahine, ʻoiai me kahi papa asymptomatic o ka maʻi. Hypothyroidism ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia wahine ʻo 3 me ka infertility.

Pono e hoʻolilo i kekahi manawa ʻo ka hapai iho iā ia e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi thyroid, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia ma nā wahi i hopena no ka iodine.

Hiki i nā kumu āpau ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana he 2 - ka papa mua a me ke kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism maʻamau. I kēia hihia, aia ke kumu o ka maʻi i loko o ka papa momona thyroid.

• nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i hoʻopulepula o ka nui o ke kala thyroid,
• kaʻeha maʻi, me ke ʻano thyimitis autoimmune. I ka hoʻomaka, ua like ka autoymune thyroiditis he asymptomatic, a laila hele mai nā hōʻailona o ka hypothyroidism,
• ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hoʻonohonoho o ka lula ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka iodine radioactive,
• neoplasms
• nā hopena postoperative - ulu mai ka maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o nā mea pono.

Kekahi hypothyroidism. ʻO kahi kahi hoʻohālikelike i nā maʻi o kekahi ʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ke olakino a ka maʻi thyroid. ʻO nā kumu o ka lua o ka hypothyroidism nā maʻi pituitary, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka maʻi thyroid (TSH), a i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hormone thyroid-hoʻouluulu, me ia ka mana o ka hypothalamus e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hana TSH.

• loko o nā ʻōpū
• pioloke,
• puʻuwai a hōʻemi paha i kahi ʻāpana o ka kelima hipipi,
• pōpilikia malenua

• Hoʻohana lōʻihi a me nā glucocorticoids (nui nā dopamine).

E like me ke koʻikoʻi, heʻokoʻa nā ʻano 3 o ka hypothyroidism:

1. KOLOLOKOLOA. Hōʻike ʻia ia me ka nele o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hiki i ke koko ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka hormone thyroid, akā hoʻonui ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe TSH. Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano subclinical o ka hypothyroidism ma mua o 20% o nā wahine.
2. KOLOHE MANAWA. E mālama pū ʻia me ka olakino maikaʻi. Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka kiʻekiʻe o nā hormones i loko o ke koko, akā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka TSH.
3. HEAVIE. Hōʻikeʻia ia e ke ala lōʻihi o ka maʻi me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mālama kūpono. E like me ke kānāwai, ka hopena he coma.

ʻO ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana metabolism. No ka mea kokoke ka ʻeha o nā receptors no nā hormone thyroid ma loko o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, aia kahi pilikia i ka hana o nā kino nui a me nā ʻōnaehana. Hoʻokumu ka paʻakikī i ka pae o ka nele o ka hormonal. ʻO ia ke kumu i hikiʻole ai i ka maʻi ke kānalua i ka manawa mua, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka mea hāpai i ka wahine hāpai i ka nui o nā hormone thyroid i nā 12 mau pule mua o ka wā e hāpai ana, i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kino o loko.

Inā he wahine maʻi ka wahine hāpai, ua hāʻawi ʻia i kahi hoʻolālā hana hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe.

1. Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i ka wā hāpai.
2. Ke nānā nei ka wahine e kahi obstetrician i hui pū me kahi endocrinologist.
3. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke aʻo ʻana a genetic, ua lawe pinepine ʻia ka wai no amniotic no ka nānā ʻana e wehe i ka malenations congenital i loko o ka pūpū.

1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka mālama ʻana no nā ʻano lahilahi a me ka asymptomatic ʻano o ka hypothyroidism.
2. Hoʻomaopopo nā wahine a pau ma ka trimester mua o ka hānau ʻana e lawe i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana iodine.
3. I ka wā hānau, ua nānā pinepine ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone.
4. Hele mua nā wahine i ka haukapila ma mua e hoʻonā i ka hopena o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana, ʻo ka mea maʻamau. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, pono nō ke keiki i ke aʻo ʻana i nā genetic.

ʻO ka nui o ka hormone thyroid ka hopena nui ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka wā o ka lolo o ka pēpē. ʻAʻohe ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe i ka hopena like.

ʻO nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hapai no ka pēpē:

• nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hōʻiliʻili spontan,
• heilou
• mau mea hua a ka naʻau,
• lohe pio
• hāpau
• ka hoʻohuli hewa ʻana o nā kino kūloko.
• hypothyroidism congenital, e ulu ana i loko o nā keiki i hānauʻia i nā makuahine me ka hypothyroidism untreated. ʻO kēia ka hopena koʻikoʻi loa o ka pēpē, ke kumu nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka cretinism. ʻO Cretinism kahi maʻi i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka hypothyroidism. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho he lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka olakino, lohi i ka mea ʻole, pani ʻole i ka fontanelles, maka ka maka i nā hiʻohiʻona mānoanoa a me nā hiʻohiʻona edematous, ʻaʻole kūlike nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, paʻa ka ʻōpiopio o ka keiki.

Ma hope o ke kau ʻana o ka maʻi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke keiki i ke ola lōʻihi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi i nā hormone thyroid. ʻO ka wikiwiki koke o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o kāna mau noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. A laila, i kēlā me kēia hapaha o ka makahiki, ke nānā ʻia nei ka mālama ʻana - ke ana ke keiki i ke kiʻekiʻe, paona, hoʻomohala holo a me ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hormones.

TRANSITOR HYPOTHYROIDISIS. ʻO kahi maʻi pōkole o nā keiki hou, ka mea e kaawale kūʻokoʻa a me ke kahua ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā wahi me ka nele o ka iodine, i nā pēpē mua, inā lawe ka makuahine i nā lāʻau hōʻeha i ka hana hormonal o ka nui o ka thyroid. I kēia hihia, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke keiki e mālama ʻia e like me ka hypothyroidism, inā ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻoia, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka maʻi āpau, hoʻopau ʻia nā lāʻau āpau.

No ka mea paʻakikī loa ka kānalua i ka maʻi ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona hoʻomohala ʻana, wehe ke kauka i ka mōʻaukala o ka wahine: nā maʻi o ka maʻi thyroid, mākaha wahine, ka maʻi hānai, ka hypothyroidism congenital i loko o kahi keiki hānau mua.

No ka hōʻoia i ka maʻi maʻi, ua lawa ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko no nā hormone - ke hoʻomaopopo nei i kahi kiʻekiʻe TSH i lawa, ʻoiai, ʻo TSH ka mea hoʻokiʻoki loa ʻia ka hōʻailona hypothyroidism, ʻoiai me kāna papa subclinical.

Pono nā wahine āpau i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke, ʻoiai me kahi papa asymptomatic o ka maʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaihue laima me ka syntatic analogue o ka thyroxine hormone Levothyroxine. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hapai ʻana ka pono o ka wahine wahine no kēia piʻi ʻana o ka hormone, ua helu ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau e like me nā hopena o nā loiloi, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke kaumaha o ka wahine. I ka wā hapai, pono ka wahine e mālama i kahi pae TSH o 2 mU / L, ʻo T4 ka mea maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kona palena kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka maʻamau, no ka wahine i ke kūlana, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau i ka hapalua. A laila, i kēlā me kēia 8-12 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hormone, e like me nā hopena a ke kauka e hoʻoponopono ai i ka nui o ka lāʻau. Ma hope o 20 mau hola o ka hāpai ʻana, e piʻi hou ʻia ka nui ma kahi o 20-50 mcg. Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau kakahiaka i ke kakahiaka (me ka toxicosis koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻopiʻi nui ʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ʻo ka Levothyroxine i nā hola awakea). ʻAʻole loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapa i ka pūpū, ʻaʻole hiki ke kumu no ka overdose. Eia kekahi, pono kahi wahine e lawe i nā hoʻomākaukau iodine (no ka laʻana - Iodomarin).

Inā hōʻemi nui ʻia ka maʻi, a laila ʻaʻole contraindicated ʻo ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka wahine.

Nā ʻlelo o IODINE. ʻO ka hopena maʻamau e hoʻopili i nā mea ioka o ka iodine i loko o ke kino ʻo Iodomarin, aia i nā papa me ka iodine o ka 100 a me 200 mg. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohana no nā pahuhopu pale, a no ka mālama ʻana.

Hoʻolakoʻo Iodomarin i ka hana ʻana o nā hormone thyroid, e hāʻawi ana i iodination o nā mea mua o nā hormones thyroid. Wahi a ka mīkini pane, ka mea i pale i ka synthes o TSH, pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka aila thyroid.

NA NAHUI NO KA MEA ANA:

• ʻO ka Iodomarin no ka pale ʻana e pono i ka wā o kahi ulu ulu, i.e. mau keiki, ʻōpio, ʻōpio a me nā wahine lactating.
• Hoʻolālā pila.
• Ma hope o ka laweʻana i ka hana thyroid, me kahi papa o ka mālama ʻana me nā hormone.
• Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ʻo Iodomarin i ka puʻu ʻoihana hoʻōla no nā mea kuʻuna hele, ka hopena.
• Ka hoʻoweliweli o ka helu ʻana o ka iodine radioaktif.
• Eia kekahi, ua kauoha ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka syphilis, cataracts, clouding o ka kornea a me nā kino vitreous, me nā maʻi poki o nā maka, me kahi mea mālama.

KOKO NO KA IKI ANA. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Iodomarin i nā papa 2/2 (50 mg) i nā pēpē a me nā keiki a hiki i ka 12 mau makahiki, ʻo 1-2 mau papa (100-200 mg) i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻōpio. ʻO ka wahine a ʻo ka wahine hāpai a lactating ʻo Iodomarin e kuhikuhi ʻia i 200 mg i ka lā.

Hoʻopau mākou i nā loiloi makua makua. Haʻalele nā ​​wahine a pau i nā manaʻo maikaʻi, e ʻōlelo ana i ko lākou pono ma hope o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ua manaʻo lākou i ke kahe o ka ikaika a me ka ikaika. ʻIke mākou i nā loiloi kahi i ʻōlelo ai nā mākua ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau, ʻike ʻia nā hualoaʻa ma kahi ultrasound scan i nā loli i ka maʻi ʻana ma kahi kūpono maikaʻi. ʻAʻohe manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole ma ka kūkā makua.

Koi mākou i nā wahine āpau e pale i ka ai ʻole iodine me Iodomarin i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation, a ʻo nā wahine me ka hypothyroidism e hoʻomaka koke i ka mālama ʻana.

1. 
   Efimov A.S., Bodnar P.N., Zelinsky B.A. Endocrinology, kula Vishcha - M., 2014 .-- 328 p.
2. 
   ʻO Chernysh, ʻo Pavel Glucocorticoid-metabolic the type of type 2 diabetes mellitus / Pavel Chernysh. - M .: LAP Lambert Kahuna Kumuhana, 2014 .-- 820 p.
3. 
   ʻO Chernysh, ʻo Pavel Glucocorticoid-metabolic the type of type 2 diabetes mellitus / Pavel Chernysh. - M .: LAP Lambert Kahuna Kumuhana, 2014 .-- 901 p.

E haʻi iaʻu iaʻu. ʻO Elena koʻu inoa. Ua hana wau ma ka endocrinologist ma mua o 10 mau makahiki. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei wau he kanaka mākeke wau i kaʻu kahua a makemake wau e kōkua i nā malihini a pau i ka pūnaewele e hoʻonā i nā paʻakikī a ʻaʻole pēlā nā hana. ʻO nā ʻikepili a pau no ka pūnaewele e hōʻiliʻili a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i mea e hōʻike ʻia e like me nā mea e pono ai ka ʻike. Ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pūnaewele, he kūkākūkā mandatory me nā mea loea.

Nā kumu o ka hypothyroidism

ʻO ka maʻi hypnotroidism a me ka nele o ka hormone thyroid i nā wahine hāpai, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻomohala no nā kumu like ʻole e like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ia ma:

• ʻO ka hoʻohemo ʻana i nā ʻāpana āpau a i ʻole ʻāpana o ka mokumana ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kaʻi maʻi ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​node
• ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka irradiation o ka hana thyroid a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o kona hyperfunction me ka radioactive iodine,
• Nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe o ke kino,
• Henereri predisposition
• Iodine nele i ka wai a / a i ʻole ka ʻai,
• Haki ʻia nā leka kelule.

Ma ke kino o ka wahine hāpai, he nui nā hiʻohiʻona e hiki ke kūpono i nā kumu kumu o ka hypothyroidism, a i ʻole e lilo i predispositions i kēia ʻano kuʻuna:

1. Ma ke kino o ka wahine hāpai, ma muli o ka hana o ka estrogens, hoʻonui ka nui i ke koko o kahi globulin (protein) a thyroxin-binding. Hoʻopili kēia protein i ka hormone thyroxine a alakaʻi i kahi hoʻemi i ka kaila o ka hormone manuahi i loko o ke koko, i mea hana i kāna mau hana,
2. Mālama ʻia ka hana o ka hana thyroid gland e ka gland pituitary, ke synthesize i ka tropic hormone thyrotropin (TSH). ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia hāmeʻa e ka pituitary gland, ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka lāʻau thyroid ka synthesize. I ka wā hāpai, hoʻoulu ʻia ke kino o ka wahine i ka gonadotropin chorionic, e hōʻeuʻeu nui i ka nui o ka thyroid gland. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā me kēia hōʻeuʻeu o ka pituitary gland e hōʻemi i ka hana o ka hormone hoʻoulu i ka thyroid, ʻoiai e nalo ana kāna hana. Ma ka hopena o ka wā e hāpai ai i ka wā hapai, ua pau ka kāpili ʻana o ka gonadotropin chorionic, a ʻo ka kelepona pituitary ʻaʻole hiki ke hana iā TSH. ʻO nā hopena o kēia kūlana ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka hypothyroidism,
3. I ka lua o ka hapalua o ka hapai ʻana, ka hōʻailona o nā enzyme kūikawā o ka plasenta, he nui ka hana, hoʻomaka i ke kino wahine. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻololi o nā hormone thyroid i loko o nā pūhui koʻikoʻi.
4. He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka wahine i ka wā hāpai a loaʻa i ka nui o ka iodine. I ka wā hapai i ke kino, ua hoʻopili ʻia kekahi o nā iodine i loko o ka urine, hāʻawi hou ʻia kekahi mau mea i ka plasenta. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā kūlana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka nele iodine i loko o ke kino o ka wahine hāpai, no laila puka mau ka hypothyroidism.

ʻO nāʻaoʻao nui o ka mālama maʻi

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo ka mālama ʻana o ka hypofunction thyroid ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke ola maʻamau o nā hormone thyroid: levothyroxine a i ʻole thyroxine.

Ua kuhikuhi kuhikuhi ʻia nā palapala me ka hoʻokahi - mua, kuhikuhi ke kauka i ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka mea maʻi, a laila piʻi i kēlā me kēia wiki he 6-8 i mea nui. ʻO ia ka manaʻo o kēlā mau waiwai e hoʻololi i ka hana thyroid i nalowale.

I ka wā hāpai, mālama ka hypothyroidism i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau hoʻoliʻi hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke kūlohelohe, akā naʻe, ʻokoʻa loa nā kumu o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO kahi wahine hāpai i ka maʻi ʻana o ka "hyperthyroidism", mai ka lā mua o ka mālama ʻana, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka levothyroxine i ka nui ka wai.

Eia kekahi, inā i hōʻike ka wahine i ka hypothyroidism ʻoiai ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana o ka pēpē, a lawe ʻo ia i ka hormone ma nā papa hana, a laila ma hope o ka hapai ʻana e pono koke iā ia e huli i ka nui o ka nui o ka hormone, e lawe ana i nā dosis i nā 9 mau mahina.

He mea koʻikoʻi loa kēia mea no ka mālama pōmaikaʻi, ʻoiai ma ka hapalua mua o ka hāpai ʻana i ka naʻau o ke pēpē i kekahi, ʻoiai, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka thyroxine.

E makaʻala pono i kekahi mea nui: pono ka wahine e mālama wale i ka hypothyroidism hōʻike wale ʻia, akā pū kekahi pūniki hoʻi hypnotroidism i ka wā hapai.

Hoʻopili i nā hopena hormonal manawa pono, ʻo ka hypothyroidism i ka wā hāpai e koi aku i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai.

1. Pono e kaupalena i ka nui o nā huamina i hoʻopau ʻia: muffin, chocolate a me nā huahana palaoa,
2. He mea nui ia e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā meaʻai momona i hoʻopau ʻia: i ka ʻai, nā iʻa, nā iʻa momona, ka lard.
3. Hōʻike ia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka intake protein,
4. I ka papa ʻaina pono ʻoe e hoʻolauna i nā huahana nonfat fermirima.
5. Hoʻonui i kāu kauʻana o ka fiber a me nā huaora.

Eia kekahi, hāʻawi pono nā kauka i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o ka paʻakai i kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā inu wai. Pono kēia e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka myxedema.

ʻO ka hōʻeha a me nā hopena e pili ana i ka hypothyroidism

No ke kino o ka wahine hāpai, he mea koʻikoʻi nā hormones thyroid. ʻO kahi hemahema o kēlā mau huahana e alakaʻi i nā hopena pōʻino a koʻikoʻi no ka wahine iho a me kāna wahine. Hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia nui i ka hānau keiki hou.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā maʻi āpau o ka hypothyroidism no kahi wahine a me kāna mau keiki i loko o kekahi mau pūʻulu

ʻO nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka wahine hāpai.

• ʻO ka lohi i ka hoʻomohala ulu o ke keiki ma muli o ka nele o ka hormone thyroxine,
• ʻO ka ʻaila kino
• Hypertension gestational - kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke koko e ʻike ana i ka wā e hāpai ana,
• Detachment premature a i ʻole detachment o ka plasenta,
• ʻO ka hānau hānau Preterm a i ʻole ka hānau hānau haʻahaʻa,
• ʻO ka māhele ʻo Carea,
• ʻO ka make nui loa i ka wā hāpai a i ka wā hānau.
• I kekahi manawa he kala ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻōpiopio e ʻike ʻia ana i kahi keiki nāna e makuahine me ka hypothyroidism:

• Patolina holomua holomua,
• Hiulilulu
• Hoʻopilikiaʻia nā pilikia o nā mākau psychomotor, i kekahi manawa me ka hōʻemi kaumaha o ka noʻonoʻo.

He mea nui: inā i hele mai ka hypothyroidism ma kahi wahine ma ke ʻano hoʻolālā o ka hapai ʻana, a laila haʻahaʻa loa ka manawa kūpono.

Hoʻopili ʻia kēia kūlana me ka hala ʻole o ka huaʻala o ka hua, i kekahi manawa me ka hypothyroidism i kekahi wahine wahine infertility e pae.