Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tritace Plus? > He hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke pale aku

Lapaʻau lāʻau ʻO Ramiprilat, kahi metabolite ikaika o ramipril, ke kāohi i ka enzyme dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I (ʻaupuni: angiotensin e hoʻohuli ana i ka enzyme, kininase II). I loko o ka plasma a me ka ʻili, e hoʻopili kēia kaomi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka angiotensin I i kahi vasoconstrictor ikaika (vasoconstrictor) angiotensin II, a me ka wāwahi o ka vasodilator bradykinin ikaika. ʻO ka hōʻemi i ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka angiotensin II a ke kāohi nei i ka ʻakiʻi o ka bradykinin i alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā kīʻaha koko.
Mai ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka angiotensin II i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ald testosterone, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka huna ʻana o ka ald testosterone ma muli o ka ramiprilat. ʻO ka hoʻonui aʻe i ka hana o ka bradykinin, maopopo, e hoʻoholo i ka cardioprotective a me ka hopena endothelioprotective i ʻike ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua holoholona. ʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēia lā pehea e hoʻopilikia ai i ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao (no ka laʻana, he uukū huhū).
Maikaʻi ʻo nā inhibitor ACE no nā poʻe maʻi me ka hypertension, ka mea haʻahaʻa ka ʻaila o ka renin i loko o ke koko koko. ʻO ka pane awelika o ka ACE inhibitor monotherapy i nā poʻe maʻi me ka lāhui Negroid (ma ka maʻamau o ka heluna kanaka me ka hypertension a me ka haʻahaʻa helu renin haʻahaʻa) e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia me nā mea hoʻohālikelike o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka ramipril he kumu i hōʻemi ʻia i ka pale ʻana i nā mākilo o peripheral. I ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i loli maoli ka holo ʻana o ka plasma renal a me ka loli filomation glomerular.
ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ramipril i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi hypertension e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokahe nui i ke koko i ka hana a ke kūlana a kū, me ka hoʻopaʻi ʻole o ka ulu ʻana i ka puʻuwai.
I ka hapa nui o nā mea maʻi, ʻo ka hopena antihypertensive ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana o ka waha ma kahi hoʻokahi i kū ʻia ma hope o nā hola 1-2. ʻO ka hopena nui loa o ka pākahi hoʻokahi mau kiʻi ma hope o 3 a 6 mau hola a kū mau ʻo 24 mau hola.
ʻO ka hopena antihypertensive kiʻekiʻe me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana me ka ramipril ua nānā ʻia ma hope o 3-4 mau pule. Ua hōʻike ʻia me ka hoʻomanawanui lōʻihi mau ia no 2 mau makahiki.
I ka pane ʻana i kahi koi o ka ramipril, ʻaʻohe wikiwiki a ʻōlelo nui ʻia ka nui o ke koko.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka haʻawina ʻo AIRE ma nā mea maʻi me nā hōʻike olakino o ka puʻuwai naʻau, ka mālama ʻana o ka mea i hoʻomaka ai 3 a 10 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi myocardial maʻa, ua hōʻemi ʻo ramipril i ka hopena o ka make ma o 27% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pletebo. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia hoʻi ʻo Subanalysis i kahi hōʻemi o nā mea ʻē aʻe, me ka hōʻemi o ka make wikiwiki (e ka 30%) a me ka hōʻeha o ka maʻi maʻi e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o ka puʻuwai koʻikoʻi / hoʻomau (ma ka 23%). Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hopena o ka halihali ma hope o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka puʻuwai i hōʻemi ʻia e 26%.
I nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ole maʻi diabetes a maʻi diabetes paha, hoʻoneʻe ʻo ramipril i ka nui o ka holomua o ka hōʻino o ka renal a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hope o ka hana ʻana i ka hopena a me ka hopena, ʻo ka pono no ka dialysis a me ka hoʻololi ʻana paha i ka lā. I nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ole maʻi diabetes a maʻi diabetes paha mua e hoʻemi ʻia, ʻo ka ramipril e hōʻemi i ka excretion albumin.
ʻO ka ʻikepili HOPE ʻohi ʻia ka pletebo (Kānāwai Hoʻomaʻemau ʻO ka ʻĀpana Hōʻea), ka mea he 5 mau makahiki, e pili ana i nā mea maʻi 55 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka mea i loaʻa ka hopena cardiovascular ma muli o ka maʻi vascular. (e like me ka maʻi ʻalani coronary artery, ka mōʻaukala o ka hōʻeha a i ka maʻi vascular maʻi peripheral) a i ʻole ka maʻi mellitus a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi me ka liʻiliʻi keu (microalbuminuria, hypertension, hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka pae ākea Kāpoi, haʻahaʻa HDL cholesterol, ʻokiʻoki). 4645 nā mea maʻi ma kahi o nā lāʻau maʻamau e hoʻohana ai i ka ramipril i hoʻohana ʻia no nā kumu prophylactic. Hōʻike kēia haʻawina ʻo ramipril, me ka helu helu helu kiʻekiʻe, ua hōʻemi i ka pilikia o myocardial infarction, stroke, a i ʻole ka make cardiovascular. Eia kekahi, hoʻoneʻe ʻo ramipril i ka nui o ka make a me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka pono no ka revascularization, a ke kāpae nei hoʻi i ka hoʻomaka a me ka holomua o ka puʻuwai ulu congestive. Ua hōʻemi ʻo Ramipril i ka hopena o ka hoʻolālāʻana i ka nephropathy i ka lehulehu aoao a i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi. Ua hōʻemi nui ʻo Ramipril i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka microalbuminuria. Loaʻa nā hopena like i nā maʻi me nā hypertension a me normotension.
Lapaʻau lāʻau A ka presystemic metabolism o ka prodrug, ramipril, hele i loko o ka ate, ma muli o kahi i hana ʻia ai ka ramiprilat metabolite hou (e ka hydrolysis, ka mea nui i loko o ka puʻuwai). I ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia hana me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ramiprilat, ua māhuahua ʻo ramipril i ka glucuronidation a huli i ka ramipril diketopiperazine (eter). ʻO Ramiprilat kekahi glucuronidated a hoʻohuli i ka rametrilat diketopiperazine (waikawa).
Ma muli o kēia hana a / hoʻoneʻe nui o ka prodrug, ma kahi o 20% o ramipril e lawelawe pono ana i ka bioavailable.
ʻO ka bioavailability o ramiprilat ma hope o ke alakaʻi waha ʻana o 2.5 a me 5 mg o ka ramipril ma kahi o 45%, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kona loaʻa ʻana ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana iv o nā ʻano like.
Ma hope o ka lawe waha ʻana o 10 mg o kahi ramipril i kāinoa ʻia me ka leki uila, ma kahi o 40% o ka hōʻailona holoʻokoʻa e hoʻopiʻi ʻia i loko o nā feces a ma kahi o 60% o nā urine. Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha ʻana o 5 mg o ka ramipril i nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana o nā kumuhana bile, ma kahi like o ka nui o ka hipa ramipril a me nā metabolites i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā hola 24 mua me ka urine a me ka bile.
Ma kahi o 80 a 90% o nā metabolites i loko o ka urine a me ka bile he ramiprilat a ramiprilat metabolites wale. ʻO Ramipril glucuronide a me ka ramepril diketopiperazine account no kahi o 10 a 20% o ka huina, a me ka unmetabolized ramipril ma kahi o 2%.
I nā haʻawina holoholona, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ramipril e hele i loko o ka waiū umauma.
Ua kiʻi koke ʻia ʻo Ramipril ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono waha. E like me ke kau ʻana i ka nui o ka hōʻailona radioactive i loko o ka uʻai, ka mea e hōʻike nei i kekahi o nā ala o ke kinai ʻana, ʻaʻole i emi iho ka hoʻemi ʻana o ramipril. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka ramipril me ka meaʻai ʻaʻole i hōʻike i ka hopena koʻikoʻi ma ke komo ʻana.
Loaʻa ka lōʻihi loa o ka plasma kiʻekiʻe o ka ramipril 1 mau hola ma hope o ka lawelawe waha. ʻO ka hapalua o ka ola me ka ramipril ka mea i kahi o ka hola 1. ʻO ka nui o ke koʻikoʻi o ka ramiprilat i ka plasma ua mālama ʻia ma waena o 2 a me 4 mau hola ma hope o ka lawelawe waha o ramipril.
ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka ramiprilat i loko o ka plasma i loaʻa i kekahi mau hanana. ʻO ka manawa mua o ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka hoʻoili a me ke kinai ʻana ma kahi o 3. mau hola ma hope o kēia manawa, aia kekahi ke hoʻololi (me kahi manawa o 15 mau hola), a laila ka hopena hope loa, kahi haʻahaʻa o ka plasma o ka ramiprilat me he haʻahaʻa loa, me ka wā o ka manawa 4-5 mau lā.
ʻO ka heleʻana o ka pae hope ma muli o ka lohi kaila o ka ramiprilat mai kahi pilina akā paʻa i ka pili ʻana me ACE.
ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka pauʻana, ma hope o hoʻokahi ka manawa o ka hipa ramipril i ka hapalua o 2.5 mg a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi mau ka kūlana (i ka wā e kuhi ana ka plasma o ka ramiprilat i kū mau nei) ke kuhi ʻia ma hope o 4 lā. Ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana, ʻoi aku ka hapalua o ka ola, ma muli o ke ʻano, ʻo 13-17 mau hola.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina a ka vitro i ka paʻa ʻana o ka ramiprilat he 7 mmol / L, a me ka manawa o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka ramiprilat me ACE he 10.7 hola, e hōʻike ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka ramipril a me ka ramiprilat i nā ʻōmū serum ma kahi o 73 a me 56%, kekona.
I nā poʻe olakino olakino e 65-76 mau makahiki, ua like nā kinetics o ka ramipril a me ka ramiprilat i like i kēlā me kēia kanaka olakino.
Me ka hana ʻole ʻole o ka renal, ka ʻoihana o ka hipa ramiprilat e nā ʻōpū, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hana hoʻokaʻalāleʻa o ka ramiprilat i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka clearance creatinine. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā mea paʻa o ka plasma i ka ramiprilat, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mea lohi ma mua o nā kānaka me ka hana maʻamau maʻamau.
Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā dosis kiʻekiʻe (10 mg) me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hana ate, ka loli ʻana o ka hipa ramipril i ramiprilat e hele mai ana ma hope, piʻi ka nui o ka plasma i ka ramipril a e pālahalaha ana ka hana o ka ramiprilat.
E like me ka poʻe olakino olakino a me nā mea maʻi me ka hypertension, ma hope o ka mālama waha o 5 mg o ramipril hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi lā no nā wiki 2 i nā maʻi me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ʻaʻohe ʻano nui o ka ramipril a me ramiprilat.
ʻO ka ʻike palekana preclinical. Hōʻike nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua preclinical i ka loaʻa ʻole o kekahi pōʻino i nā kānaka e like me nā haʻawina maʻamau e pili ana i ka palekana pharmacology palekana, toxicity me nā ʻōmua hou, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lāʻau Tritace

AH (ka laau hypertension), me ka manaʻo o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko me he monotherapy a i hui pū ʻia me nā mea hoʻohana antihypertensive, no ka laʻana, ka diuretics a me nā antagonist calcium.
ʻO ka nele o ka puʻuwai Congestive, a hui pū me ka diuretics.
Hōʻalo ia ka puʻuwai naʻau i nā lā mua ma hope o ka hoʻonāukiuki myocardial.
Non-diabetic a diabetes paha glomerular a i ʻole nephropathy mua.
ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hōʻeha o ka maʻi myocardial infarction, stroke, a i ʻole ka maʻi cardiovascular i nā maʻi me ka piʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai cardiovascular ma muli o ka maʻi ʻeha coronary (me a ʻole ʻole myocardial infarction), hōʻeha, ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi vipula peripheral, a i ʻole ka maʻi mellitus me ka liʻiliʻi he hoʻokahi o ka maʻi cardiovascular vascular résiko (microalbuminuria, hypertension, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kolesterol, haʻahaʻa HDL kolamu, ulaula).

ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lāʻau Tritace

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka Doseage e like me ka hopena a me ke kala ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi.
Pono e ale ʻia nā papa Tritace me ka nui o ka wai (ma kahi o 1/2 kī). ʻAʻole ʻohi ʻia a nahā paha nā papa.
ʻAʻole pili ka ʻai i ka ʻai i ka lawe ʻana mai o ka ramipril. No laila, hiki i ka Tritace ke lawe ʻia ma mua, i ka wā a ma hope o ka ʻaina.
Ka hopena o ka maʻi hypertension (hypertension arterial).
No ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka maʻi pākēnē no nā pākeke: 2.5 mg Tritace i hoʻokahi lā
Māmā i ka pane o ka mea maʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui. Noanʻo ia e hoʻonui i ka maʻiʻai e ka pāpālua ia i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule.
ʻO ka hoʻoponopono mālama maikaʻi: 2.5 a 5 mg Tritace i kēlā me kēia lā.
Haawi ʻia ka ʻona no kēlā me kēia lā: 10 mg Tritace.
Hiki ke hoʻololi hou i ka nui o nā haʻahaʻa o ʻoi aku o ka 5 mg o Tritace i kēlā me kēia lā ka hoʻohana hou ʻana o, no ka laʻana, he diuretic a i ʻole ka antagonist calcium.
Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka puʻuwai naʻau neʻe.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana no nā pākeke: 1.25 mg Tritace 1 ka manawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
Aia ma ka pane o ka mea maʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i loko ke kaumaha me ka kānalua i kēlā me kēia 1-2 pule. Inā loaʻa ka dosis i koi ʻia he 2,5 mg o Tritace a kiʻekiʻe paha, hiki ke kiʻi ʻia he wai hoʻokahi a hoʻokaʻawale paha i 2 mau papa.
Ka helu kikowaena nui o kēlā me kēia lā: 10 mg Tritace.
Ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻana i ka myocardial infarction.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka ʻia: 5 mg Tritace i kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻokaʻawale iā 2 mau papa o ka 2.5 mg, hoʻokahi kekona maʻa i kakahiaka a me kekahi i ke ahiahi. Inā ʻole ka ʻae i ka mea hoʻomanawanui i kēlā me kēia kauoha ma mua, ke ʻano ka nui o ka ʻohu 1.25 mg 2 mau lā i kahi lā no 2 lā.
A laila, hilinaʻi i ka pane o ka mea maʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano. Noea ʻia e hoʻonui i ka maʻiʻai e ka palua ʻana i kēlā me kēia 1 i 3 mau lā.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo ka huina o ka lā ma kēlā me kēia lā, kahi i māhele mua ʻia i ʻelua, hiki ke lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi waihona.
Ka helu kikowaena nui o kēlā me kēia lā: 10 mg Tritace.
Loaʻa kahi ʻike no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi me ka maʻi koʻikoʻi (māka IV, NYHA - New York Heart Association) ʻaʻole hiki ke lawa ka manawa ma hope o ka myocardial infarction. I ka hihia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau Tritace, pono e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka ʻana me ka hōʻemi haʻahaʻa loa i kēlā me kēia lā (1.25 mg o Tritace i hoʻokahi lā hoʻokahi lā) a me kekahi hoʻonui aʻe e pono e hana me ka akaʻala nui.
Hoʻolālā i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi diabetes.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana no nā pākeke: 1.25 mg Tritace 1 ka manawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
Mākaukau i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka mea maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka momona i ka dosis mālama, ʻo ia ka 5 mg o Tritace 1 ka manawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO nā haʻahaʻa ma mua o 5 mg o Tritace i hoʻokahi lā ʻaʻole i aʻo nui ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua paʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻouka ʻana o myocardial infarction, stroke, a i ʻole ka make cardiovascular.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana no nā pākeke: 2.5 mg Tritace 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia lā.
Aia i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka mea maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻonui iki ʻia ka nui. Ke hoʻolauna nei e pāpālua i ka paona ma hope o 1 hebedoma lapaʻau, a ma hope o 3 mau wiki - hoʻonui iā ia i ka mālama mālama mua o 10 mg Tritace hoʻokahi i ka lā.
I nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e mālama ʻia ana, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā maʻi o kahi nui ma mua o 10 mg o Tritace i hoʻokahi manawa i kahi lā.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea maʻi me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka renal me ka clearance creatinine o ≤36 ml / min.
ʻO nā papalapa kanaka kūikawā.
ʻO ka maʻi me ka hana renal impaired.
Inā hana ka mea hana cleinine he 50-20 ml / min i ka 1.73 m 2 o ka wahi papa o ke kino, e hana mua ʻia ka nui o nā lā pākeke a me nā lā he 1.25 mg o Tritace. ʻO ka dosis kiʻekiʻe loa i kēlā me kēia lā ʻo 5 mg Tritace.
ʻO ka mea maʻi me ka pale o ka electrolyte uncompensated o ke kino, nā mea maʻi me ka hypertension koʻikoʻi (hypertension arterial), a me nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ai ka hopena hypotensive i kahi hopena kūikawā (no ka laʻana, me ka stenosis koʻikoʻi nui o nā moku coronary a i ʻole cerebral, he hōʻemi ʻia ka hopena neʻe ka mea e hoʻohana ʻia 1 , 25 mg Tritace i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi mua i mālama ʻia me ka diuretics.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā diuretics i ka 2 a i 3 mau lā a i ʻole, i ʻole ka mea i kau i ka manawa o ka hana o ka diuretic, ʻoi aku ma mua, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana me ka lapaʻau me Tritace, a i ʻole ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hopena o ka diuretic. ʻO ka inikua mua i kēlā me kēia lā no nā poʻe maʻi e hoʻohana mua ana i kahi diuretic ka mea maʻamau ʻo 1.25 mg Tritace.
ʻO nā maʻi me ka hana pūlima hemahema.
Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia a emi paha ka pane i ka mālama ʻana. No laila, pono e hoʻomaka ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau maʻi ma lalo o ka mākaʻi loea koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka dosis kiʻekiʻe loa i kēlā me kēia lā he 2.5 mg Tritace.
Poʻe kānaka.
Pono e emi iho ka haʻahaʻa mua - 1.25 mg Tritace i kēlā me kēia lā.

Nā maʻi hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau Tritace

hypersensitivity a ramipril, kekahi mea hoʻoweliweli ACE a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau,
ka moolelo o ke angioedema,
ʻO ka stenosis hāmeʻa (bilateral a i ʻole stenosis kūʻai o ke keiki hoʻokahi)
hypotensive a hemodynamically unstable conditions,
hyperaldosteron's,
wā hāpai
lactation wā
nā makahiki o nā keiki.

Hōʻalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana o Tritace a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka ACE e hoʻohui pū me nā hana hoʻokūkū extracorporeal, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i ke koko me nā leʻaleʻa i hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻia, no ka mea aia kahi hopena o ka hopena anaphylactoid koʻikoʻi, hiki i kekahi manawa ke alakaʻi i kahi hana anaphylactic koʻikoʻi.
No laila, i ka lawe ʻana iā Tritace, he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hana dialysis a hemofiltration me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polyacrylonitrile, sodium-2-methylsulfonate me nā hana ultrafiltration kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, "AN 69") a me ke kaʻina ʻo LDL apheresis e hoʻohana ana i ka dextran sulfate.

Nā hopena hopena o ka lāʻau Tritace

ʻOiai ʻo Tritace he agio antihypertensive, he nui ka hopena o ka hoʻopiʻi i ka lua o kona hopena hypotensive, ma ka hopena o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka adrenergic a i ʻole ka hypoperfusion kūleo. ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka hopena ma ke kaulike o nā electrolytes, kekahi anaphylactoid a i ʻole nā hopena ʻeha a mai nā membranes mucous) e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ACE a i ʻole nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau hou o kēia papa o nā lāʻau.
Nā ʻōnaehana Cardiovascular a me ke aʻa.
Hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau a me nā hopena ke hoʻololi, e like me ke poʻo, kaʻaiʻole, ka tachycardia, nāwaliwali, ka luhi, ka maʻi kaumaha, a me ka emi ʻana o ka hopena o ka hopena.
Nā kumumahuʻo a me nā hōʻailona, e like me ka peripheral edema, flush, dizziness, tinnitus, luhi, nā huhū luhi, hōʻeha kaumaha, hopohopo, hopohopo, blurred matakua, moe hiamoe, hilahila, hopohopo, hala ka erectile dysfunction, sensation palpitations, kahe nui, ka lohe ʻana i ka hoʻopulupalu, ke hiamoe ʻana, a me ka hoʻoponopono o nā orthostatic, a me nā hopena ʻino loa e like me ka angina pectoris, arrhythmias cardiac a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike.
Maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka hypotension koʻikoʻi, ka myocardial a cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, shortchem ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, exacerbation of circulatory disturbed due to vascular stenosis, worsening of clinical manifest of the Raynaud's phenomenon or paresthesia were diamated in kasus kaso.
Nā pēpē a me ke kaulike electrolyte.
I kekahi manawa aia ka hoʻonui o ka pae o ka urea a me ka serum creatinine (ke piʻi aʻe o ka laʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka diuretics) a me kahi palupalu i ka hana o nā keiki, i nā hanana kaʻawale e ulu paha - ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hiki ʻole o ka hana ʻole.
ʻO ka wā, hiki paha ke hoʻonui ʻia o ka potassium serum. Ma nā hihia kaawale, hiki ke hoʻēmi ʻia ka nui o ka sodium sika, a me ka proteinuria i ka manawa (ʻoiai ke kīlei nei nā luhi ACE e hōʻemi i ka proteinuria) a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka urine (ma muli o ka hana o ka hana cardiac).
Pūnaehana lawelawe, anaphylactic / anaphylactoid a me nā ʻano pili ʻili.
I ka manawa ma laila ka maloʻo huhū (unproductive) ulu ʻana. Hōʻalo pinepine kēia pipi i ka pō a i ka hoʻomaha (no ka laʻana, ʻoiai ke moe nei), a loaʻa pinepine i ka wahine a me nā mea keu ʻole ka uahi ʻole.
ʻOi iki ka ulu ʻana o ka ihu, sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchospasm, a me nā dyspnea.
ʻO ka pinepine, hiki ke nānā i ka edion angioneurotic mediated e pili ai (angioedema i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka ACE inhibitors hele pinepine ʻia i nā mea maʻi o ka lāhui Negroid i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā mea maʻi o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hopena koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻano a me nā mea'ē aʻe non-pharmacologically mediated anaphylactic a i ʻole anaphylactoid hopena e hōʻike ai i ka ramipril a i ʻole nā meaʻokoʻa'ē aʻe i ke ākea loa.
Nā hōʻikeʻike mai ka ʻili a i ʻole nā mucous membranes, e like me ka pagmala, ka ʻulima, a i ole hives ua hewa. I nā hanana lohi, ka nui o ke ʻano maculopapular, pemphigus, exacerbation of psoriasis, psoriasiform, pemphigoid a lichenoid exanthema a enanthema, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, necacolysis epidermal, alopecia, onycholysis a photocholism hiki paha.
ʻO ka ʻākena a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka hopena anaphylactic a me anaphylactoid ka hopena o ka iniseti manu i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ACE e hoʻonui. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia hiki ke mālama ʻia ia hopena like me ka mahalo i nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻOluahi Gastrointestinal, ate.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau, ka nausea, ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka huina serum o ke akea a / a i ʻole bilirubin, a me ka jaundice cholestatic, hiki ke hele mai. ʻO ka manawa, ka malo maloʻo, ke kāohi, hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ʻeha o ka epigastric, ʻeha o ke kūlohelohe, constipation, ka ʻeha, ka luaʻi, a me ka nui o nā enzyme pancreatic. I nā hihia hoʻokaʻawale, hiki i ka pancreatitis a i ʻole nā poho hōʻiliʻili (me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hina o ke aʻalolo) e ulu.
Nā hopena hematologic.
ʻO kekahi manawa, aia kekahi mea liʻiliʻi - i kekahi mau mea nui - ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā kelepona ʻulaʻula a me ka hemoglobin, ka nui o nā kelepona a me nā platelets keʻokeʻo. I nā noho kaʻawale, ua ʻike ʻia ka agranulocytosis, pancytopenia a me nā ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai.
ʻO ka hopena Hematological i ka hana a ACE inhibitors ʻoi aku ka hanana ma o nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, ʻoi aku me ka concomitant collagenoses (no ka laʻana, ʻo systemus lupus erythematosus a scleroderma), a i nā mea maʻi e hoʻohana ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke koko.
I nā hihia kaawale, hiki i ka anemia hemolytic e ulu.
ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka pinepine, hiki i ka conjunctivitis ke hōʻeha, a me ka manawa i ka manawa kuʻi, hōʻemi ka libido, ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka momona a me ka ʻono a me ka ʻono (no ka laʻana, he ʻano metallic i loko o ka waha) a i ʻole ʻāpana, i kekahi manawa holoʻokoʻa, nalowale o ka ʻono.
I loko o nā hihia kaʻawale, ua ʻike ʻia nā vasculitis, myalgia, arthralgia, ʻohi a me ka eosinophilia, a me ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā huakaʻi antinuclear.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo kūikawā no ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau Tritace

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia Tritace ma lalo o ka nānā mau ʻana o kahi kauka.
I nā mea maʻi i mālama ʻia me ka ACE inhibitors, i nānā ʻia nā hihia o ka angioedema o ka maka, nā wāwae, nā lehelehe, ka lehelehe, ka lehelehe, a me ka pharynx. ʻO kahi hoʻolālā ulia no ka angioedema hoʻoweliweli e pili ana i ka hoʻokele koke ʻana o ka epinephrine (sc a i ʻole ka lula iv) e like me ka ECG a me ka ʻike koko. Hoʻoikaika ʻia ka haukapila, ka mālama ʻana i ka mea maʻi no ka liʻiliʻi o 12 a 24 mau hola, a hiki i nā hōʻailona make.
I nā poʻe maʻi i mālama ʻia me ka inhibitor ACE, ua nānā ʻia nā hihia o ka angioedema o ka ʻōpū. Ua hoʻopiʻi kēia mau mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū (me ʻole a paʻa paha me ka luaʻi), a i kekahi mau ʻano angioedema o ka helehelena. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka angioedema o ka pūpū ua nalowale ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka inhibitor ACE.
ʻAʻohe lawa o ka hopena therapeutic me Tritace no nā keiki, nā mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha o ka renal kino (ʻo ka hana ʻana i hana ʻia ma lalo o 20 ml / min a ma kahi 1.73 m2 o ka papa ʻāina o ke kino), a me nā mea maʻi e hiki ana i ka dialysis.
ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka hana i hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻoihana renin-angiotensin. I ka mālamaʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka hana nui o ka ʻōnaehana renin-angiotensin, pono ke mālama nui ʻia. I kēlā mau mea maʻi, aia kahi pilikia o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui a me ka nui o ke kahe o ke koko a me nā hana ʻoi ʻole i hana ʻole i ka hopena o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ACE, ʻoi aku ka hana ʻana i ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ACE a i ʻole ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka diuretic ma mua o ka manawa mua. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka piʻi o ka nui o ka maʻa, pono e mālama ʻia ke nānā ʻana i ke kahe koko a hiki i kahi pōpilikia o ke emi o ke kahe koko.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana nui o ka ʻōnaehana renin-angiotensin, inā paha

i nā maʻi me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, a koʻikoʻi hoʻi ka maʻi hypertension malignant. Ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ke mālama ʻana, pono ka mālama lāʻau kūikawā,
i nā mea maʻi me ka puʻuwai kaumaha a i ʻole ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻemi ana i ke koko. Ma kahi o ka hōʻeha naʻau paʻakikī i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka mālama ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia ke ʻano maʻi.
i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka pilikia nui hemodynamically i loko o ke kahe a kahe paha o ke koko mai loko o ka ventricle hema (no ka laʻana, he stenosis aortic a stenosis mitral paha a me hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana lapaʻau, pono ʻoe i ka mālama lāʻau koʻikoʻi,
i nā mea maʻi me ka hemodynamically koʻikoʻi stal artery stenosis. Ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ke mālama ʻana, pono ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pono paha e pani i ka hoʻomaka hoʻomaka me ka diuretics:

i nā poʻe maʻi i lawe ma mua i nā diuretics. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole ka ʻaeʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka diuretic, koi pono ke nānā pono ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana.
i nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻoweliweli a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka uku o ka electrolyte (ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana i ka wai a i ʻole ka paʻakai paha, a i ʻole ma muli o ko lākou nalowale - i ka maʻi ʻana, ka puʻu a i ka momona nui paha, i nā wā ke hoʻopaʻi ʻia nei no ka nele o ka wai a me ka paʻakai ʻaʻole lawa.)

E hoʻoponopono pono i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoilo, hypovolemia a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka electrolyte ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻia (akā, no nā poʻe maʻi me ka puʻuwai puʻukui, e pono e loiloi ʻia nā ʻoihana hoʻoponopono e like me nā hopena e hiki mai ana ka lohi o ka nui o ka hoʻoluhi). Ma nā kūlana koʻikoʻi o nā maʻi, hiki ke hoʻomaka a mālama ʻia paha ka hana ʻo Tritace ma ke hana ʻana i nā hana kūpono e pale ai i ke kahe nui o ke koko a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka hana o kaʻeha.
ʻO nā maʻi me ka hana pūlima hemahema.
I ka poʻe maʻi me ka pīhoihoi hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ka pane i ka mālama ʻana iā Tritace e hiki ke hoʻonui a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha. Eia kekahi, i nā mea maʻi me ka cirrhosis koʻikoʻi o ka nui me ka edema a me / a ascites paha, hiki ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana renin-angiotensin, no laila, pono e mālama pono ʻia ka mālama i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau maʻi.
ʻO nā mea maʻi no lākou ka hōʻemi nui o ke kahe koko e hōʻike i kahi kuʻikahi kūikawā (no ka laʻana, nā mea maʻi me ka stenosis hemodynamically koʻikoʻi o ka coronary arteries a me nā kīkī cerebral paha), pono ka mālama koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana.
Poʻe kānaka.
I ka poʻe elemakule, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena i ka inhibitions ACE. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ko lākou mālama ʻana, e noi ʻia kahi loiloi o ka hana ʻoi.
Manaʻo ʻia e mālama i ka hana renal, koʻikoʻi i nā pule mua o ka maʻi me ka inhibitor ACE. Pono ka nānā kiaʻi pono ʻana i nā maʻi me:

puʻuwai paʻakikī
maʻi maʻi vasorenal, me nā mea maʻi me ka hemodynamically nui unilateral renal artery stenosis. I ka hui hope o nā mea maʻi, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae serum creatinine e hōʻike i kahi hōʻemi o ka hana ʻoi,
ka hoemi ana o ka hana hana maʻamau,
transplanted kidney.

Ka nānāʻana i ke kaulike electrolyte.
A ʻoiai ke mālama ʻia nei ka mālama pono ʻana o ka paʻū o ka serum potassium. ʻOi aku ka ʻike kiaʻi pinepine i nā pae sima serum pono i nā mea maʻi me ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana Hematologic.
Manaʻo ʻia e nānā i ka helu o leukocytes i mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo pono i ka leukopenia manawa. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka nānā kiaʻi pinepine ʻana i ka hana mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, me ka concomitant collagenosis (systemic lupus erythematosus or scleroderma) a i nā mea maʻi e loaʻa nei ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā helu hemogram.
Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation.
I ka wā hāpai, pāpā ka laʻa iā Tritace (e ʻike i ka ʻĀina KONTRAINDICATIONS). No laila, ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o nā wahine o ka wā hānau keiki, pono ia e haʻalele i kahi hiki ke hāpai. Pono nā wahine o ka wā hānau keiki e hoʻohana i nā kūlohelohe ʻoiai e lawe ana iā Tritace. Inā makemake kekahi wahine i ka hānai, e kāpae i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāpae iā ia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (me ka ʻokoʻa o ka ACE inhibitors). Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka ACE inhibitors, pono ke pale ʻia ka male ʻana. Ma ka hopena e hoʻomau ʻia ai ka hānau ʻana i ka wā e mālama ai me Tritace, pono ia e hoʻololi koke i ka wā hiki (ma lalo o ka mākaʻi ʻana o ke kauka) i kahi mea lapaʻau hou e hoʻolilo i kahi haʻahaʻa o ka pēpē (aʻaʻole i haʻalele i ka inhibce ACE).
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina holoholona me ka hala ʻo ramipril i ka waiū umauma. No ka mea ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e hala ʻo ramipril i loko o ka umauma umauma o ke kanaka, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o Tritace i ka wā o ka mālama umauma.
E na keiki. ^ E Ha yM. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā loea lapaʻau e pono ai, ʻaʻole pono ʻo Tritace e kuhikuhi i nā keiki.
ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻokaumaha i ka hopena o ka hopena i ka wā e holo a hana paha me nā hana ʻē aʻe.ʻO kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao (no ka laʻana, nā hōʻailona o ka emi ʻana o ke kahe o ke koko, i loko o kahi maʻi nausea, hilo) hiki ke hoʻolilo i ka nānā o ka mea maʻi a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka psychomotor.

Nā Pākaʻina o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO nā hui e hoʻohālikelike.
ʻO nā ala o ka lāʻau extracorporeal, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i ke koko me nā wahi i hoʻopiʻi hewa ʻole ʻia, e like me ka dialysis a hemofiltration me ka hana ʻana i nā membranes me nā piʻi holo kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, ka polyacrylonitrile membranes) a me Ldl apheresis e hoʻohana ana i ka dextrin sulfate.
ʻAʻohe nāʻaina i ʻōlelo ʻole ʻia.
ʻO ka paʻakai paʻakai, nā diuretics potassium-sparing: pono ke kali ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka uka paʻakai serum. Me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana me ka ramipril me ka diuretics pākileka-sparing (no ka laʻana, spironolactone) a i ʻole paʻakai pālima, mālama pono ʻia ka pilina o ka serum potassium.
E hoʻohana me ka akahele.
Nā lāʻau antihypertensive (e. G., Diuretics) a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko (e.g., nitrates, tricyclic antidepressants, anesthetics): hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena antihypertensive o ramipril. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e mālama pinepine i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka serum sodium i ka poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka mālama like me ka diuretics.
Hoʻopau i nā sympathomimetics Vasoconstrictive: e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hopena o ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko o Tritace. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e nānā i ke kahe koko inā hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono. Allopurinol, immunosuppressants, glucocorticosteroids, procainamide, cytostatics a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i nā loli i nā hemograms: hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hopena hematological i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ramipril.
ʻO ka paʻakai Lithium. Hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia nā kaha o ka lithium e ka ACE inhibitors. ʻO kēlā mau emi e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻohuihui serum lithium a me kahi hoʻonui o nā lithium toxicity. I kēia mea, pono ia e pale i ka ʻike ʻana o ka lithium i ka serum koko.
ʻO nā mākaʻi Antidiabetic (e.g., insulin a me derivatives sulfonylurea). Hiki i nā inhibitor ACE ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka insulin. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ke kūkuluʻana o ka hypoglycemia i nā maʻi maʻi e hoʻohana like i nā lāʻau antidiabetic. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻōla, ʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana o ka mālama pono ʻana i nā ʻaina glucose.
ʻAʻole hoʻololi kaʻai i kaʻai o ka ramipril.
E noʻonoʻo.
Nā NSAID (e.g., indomethacin a me ka acetylsalicylic acid). A hoʻolilo paha i ka hopena o ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko i lalo o ka hana a Tritace. Hoʻopili ia, hiki i ka mālama pū ʻana me ka ACE inhibitors a me NSAIDs hiki i kahi nui o ka hōʻemi o ka neʻe ʻana o ka hana a me ka nui o nā pae pākui serum.
Heparin. Malia paha he hoʻonui i ka ʻaihue o ka paʻakai ma ka serum koko.
Hoʻohuʻona: hoʻonui i ka vasodilation. Hiki ke hoʻonui paha ka Tritace i ka hopena o ka inu wai.
Paakai Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai i ka hopena antihypertensive o Tritace.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka hyposensitization kikoʻī. Ma muli o ka pale ʻana o ka ACE, hiki i ka hopena a me ka hōʻino o ka hopena anaphylactic a me ka anaphylactoid e hoʻonui i ka pōʻai manuahi.Ua manaʻo ʻia hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi hopena like me ka mahalo i nā palanikini ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka overdose o ka lāʻau Tritace, nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama

Nā hōʻailona o ka make. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i kahi overdose ke hoʻonui i ka nui o nā moku peripheral (me ka hypotension koʻikoʻi, pīhoihoi), bradycardia, kahi hōʻemi i ka paleʻana o ka electrolyte a me ka pana ʻoleʻole.
Hoʻohana ʻia. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka detoxification primale, no ka laʻana, ma ka holoi ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā adsorbents, sodium thiosulfate (inā hiki, ma 30 mau minuke mua). I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hypotension, i ka pā ʻana i ke kaʻina e hoʻihoʻi i ka nui o ka wai me ka kaulike o ka paʻakai, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā agonist o nā ʻĀpana α1-adrenergic (no ka laʻana, norepinephrine, dopamine) a i ʻole angiotensin II (angiotensinamide), kahi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he loaʻa wale nō ma ka noiʻi pilikino. hale hana.
ʻAʻohe ʻikepili e pili ana i ka hopena o ka diuresis ikaika, nā hoʻololi i ka pane i ka urine, hemofiltration a i ʻole dialysis e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ramipril a i ʻole ramiprilat. Eia nō naʻe, ke noʻonoʻo nei ka hiki i ka dialysis a hemofiltration paha.

Pākuʻi helu

Nā pilikino pilikino a me nā huahana:

Tritace PLUS ® 5 mg / 12.5 mg he oblong pink papila me ka laina hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Kau kuʻi kiʻekiʻe: 41 / AV.

Tritace PLUS ® 10 mg / 12.5 mg papa oblong aniani me ka kaula hoʻokaʻawale ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Kūlima koʻikoʻi 42 / AV.

Hoʻopili me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka meaʻai. ʻO ka komo ʻana o ka meaʻai like me ka nui ʻaʻole e pili i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ramipril.

ʻO nā ala o ka mālama extracorporeal, ka hopena o ke kahe ʻana i ke koko me nā wahi hewa i hoʻopiʻi hewa ʻia, e like me ka dialysis a hemofiltration me ka hana ʻana i nā membranes me nā uku kahaha kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, ka polyacrylonitrile membranes) a me nā apheresis o nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻohana ana i ka dextran sulfate mau manaʻo (ʻike

Hoʻohui like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa ana i ka aliskiren e contraindicated no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā mea maʻi me ke ʻano o ka renal i hōʻemi a i ʻole ka hōʻeha (creinine clearance

ʻO ka hoʻohana like ʻana o ka antagonist o ka receptor naiotropin II me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e contraindicated no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka nephropathy maʻi, akā ʻaʻole i kūpono i ka hoʻohana ʻia e nā maʻi āpau ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā hui e koi ana i ka kiaʻi koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka paʻakai paʻakai, heparin, potoma-sparing diuretics a me nā mea ikaika e hoʻonui ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai i loko o ke koko koko (e komo pū ana ʻo angiotensin II, trimethoprim, tacrolimus, cyclosporine). Hiki i nā Hyperkalemia, no laila e pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ka pae o ka pāhana ma loko o ke koko koko.

ʻO nā lāʻau antihypertensive (e ..g diuretics) a me nā mea ikaika e hiki ai ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko ((e.g. nitrates, tricyclic antidepressants, anesthetics, alkohol, baclofen, alfuzosin, doxazosin, prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin). Aia paha he hoʻonui nui aʻe o ka hopena o ka hypotension arterial (e nānā i ka ʻāpana "Dosage and Administration" no ka diuretics).

ʻO ka Vathopressor sympathomimetics a me nā mea ikaika e ae (e.g. epinephrine), hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hopena antihypertensive o ramipril. Kūk ʻia ʻia ia e mālama i nā neʻe koko.

Allopurinol, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, procainamide, cytostatics a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ke kiʻi koko. ʻO ka hoʻonui aʻe o ka hopena hematological (e nānā i ka ʻāpana "ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka noi").

ʻO ka paʻakai Lithium. No ka mea hiki i nā mea pale o ACE ke hōʻemi i ka lithium excretion, hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka paʻi lithium.

ʻO nā hui antidiabetic, me ka insulin. Hiki i nā hopena hypoglycemic pili. Hiki i ka Hydrochlorothiazide ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hopena o nā lāʻau antidiabetic. No laila, i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau, pono ia e nānā pono i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i ke koko. Pono e hoʻohana me Metformin me ka akahele, i hāʻawi ʻia i ka pilikia o ka acidosis lactic ma muli o ka hiki ke hana ʻole i ka renal ma muli o ka hydrochlorothiazide.

ʻO nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) a me ka acetylsalicylic acid. Ke kali nei i ka hopena antihypertensive ʻo Tritace Plus ® kahi mea e manaʻoʻia. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka hoʻohana like ʻana o ka ACE inhibitors a me NSAIDs hiki i ka ukali me ka nui o ka nui o ka hana o ka renal functioning a me ka hoʻonui aʻe o ke kō o ka paʻakai ma ke koko.

Anticoagulants oral . ^ E Ha yM. Me ka hoʻohana like ʻana me ka hydrochlorothiazide, e nawaliwali paha ka hopena anticoagulant.

Corticosteroids, ACTH, amphotericin B, carbenoxolone, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nui o ka laikini, laxatives (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manawa lōʻihi) a me nā mea hoʻonaninani like ʻole a i ʻole nā mea waiwai e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka pāhana i loko o ke koko koko. Hoʻonui ka hopena o hypokalemia.

Hoʻomākaukau digitalis, nā mea ikaika e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa QT, nā lāʻau antiarrhythmic. I mua o ka nānāʻole o ka electrolyte (no ka laʻana, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia), nui ka hopena proarrhythmic, a e hoʻonāwaliwali nā hopena antiarrhythmic.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka hopena i nā hopena e nā loli ma nā pae potassium serum

Ka nānā iki ʻana i nā pae o ka serum potassium a ua nānā ʻia kahi hōʻike ECG inā lawe ʻia ka hydrochlorothiazide me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana nā hopena i nā loli i nā pae pālima serum (no ka laʻana, digitalis glycosides and antiarrhythmic drug) a me nā huaʻala e hiki mai ana i ke kumu polymorphic pirouette type tachycardia ( tachycardia ventricular) (me kekahi mau lāʻau antiarrhythmic), no ka mea he hypokalemia kahi mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka tachycardia pirouette:

papa Ia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻumaarrere (quinidine, hydroquinidine, disopyramide)
papa III nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiarrhythmic (amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide, ibutilide)
kekahi mau antipsychotics (e.g., thioridazine, chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, trifluoroorazine, ciamemazine, sulpiride, sultopride, amisulpiride, thiapride, pimozide, haloperidol, droperidol)
nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe (e. g., bepridil, cisapride, difemanil, erythromycin no ka hoʻopuka intravenous, halofantrine, misolastine, pentamidine, terfenadine, vincamine no ka hoʻokō intravenous).

Methyldopa. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hihia o ka anemia hemolytic me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana me ka hydrochlorothiazide a me ka methyldopa.

ʻO Cholestyramine a i ʻole nā koina mohala hou i lawe ʻia ma ke alo o nā waha. Ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka hydrochlorothiazide. Pono e lawe ʻia nā diuretika Sulfonamide ma kahi o 1:00 ma mua o 4 mau hola paha ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau.

ʻO nā lā hoʻomaha haʻalulu Curariform. Māhuahua i hoʻonui a hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o nā hoʻomaha hoʻomaha mus.

ʻO nā paʻakai kalima a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui ana i ka pae o ka calcium ma ka plasma koko. Me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana me ka hydrochlorothiazide, hiki ke kali ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana o nā calcium calcium, no laila, pono ia e kiaʻi ponoʻī i nā pae o ka calcium ma ka plasma koko.

Carbamazepine. Aia kahi hopena o ka hyponatremia ma muli o ka hopena i hoʻonui ʻia aku o ka hydrochlorothiazide.

Nā mea hoʻokaʻawale i loaʻa iodine. I ka hihia o ka dehydration i kumu no ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka diuretics, ʻo ia hoʻi ke hydrochlorothiazide, nui ka mahuahua o ka ulu ʻana o ka hana ʻole ʻana a me ka nui, ʻoiai inā loaʻa nā nui koʻikoʻi o kahi ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka iodine.

Penicillin. ʻO ka excretion Hydrochlorothiazide e hele mai ana i nā tubal distal o ka nephron, ma muli o ke hōʻemi ʻia o ka penicillin.

Quinine Hoʻemi ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻopuka exin a quinine.

Vildagliptin. I ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ulu ʻana o ka edion angioneurotic i ʻike ʻia i nā mea maʻi i ka poʻe lawe i ka ACE inhibitors a me vildagliptin.

Nā papa inoa MTOR (eg. Temsirolimus) . ^ E Ha yM. Ua nui ka piʻi ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka angioedema i nā maʻi me ka poʻe lawe i ka inhibitions ACE a me nā inhibit mTOR (ʻo ka hopena o ka rapamycin i ka mammals).

Heparin. Hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o ka paʻū Serum.

Ke noi nei i nā dosis kiʻekiʻe o ka salicylates, hiki i ka hydrochlorothiazide ke hoʻonui i ko lākou hopena o nā pona i ka paena nīnaehana.

Me ka hoʻohana like o ka cyclosporine, hoʻonui paha ka hyperuricemia a me ka hopena o nā hoʻopiʻi e like me ka gout.

ʻAkohola Hiki i ke Ramipril ke alakaʻi i ka vasodilation hoʻonui a laila hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka inu wai.

ʻAkohola, barbiturates, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā antidepressants. E hoʻoikaika paha i ka hypotension orthostatic.

Paakai Hiki i ka nāwaliwali i ka hopena antihypertensive o ka lāʻau me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai i ka meaʻai.

Nā pākēnē a me nā diaxoside. ʻO ka hoʻohana like ʻana o ka diuret thiazide, me ka hydrochlorothiazide, me nā beta-blockers hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hyperglycemia.

Amantadine. ʻO Thiazides, me ka hydrochlorothiazide, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o nā hopena o ka amantadine.

Presses amines (e.g. adrenaline). Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena o ka mīkini nūnū, akā ʻaʻole i ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou hoʻohana.

ʻO nā kūmole anti-gout (probenecid, sulfinpyrazone a me allopurinol). Hiki ke koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā ʻaina uricosuric, no ka mea, e hoʻonui paha ka hydrochlorothiazide i nā pae waikona serum uric. E kūpono paha ia he manaʻo e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka probenecid a i nā sulfinpyrazone. Me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o thiazides, hiki i ka nui o ke neʻe ʻana o nā hopena hypersensitivity i ka allopurinol hiki.

Anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, biperiden). Ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka motility o ka papa gastrointestinal a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka holo ʻana mai ka ʻōpū, e hoʻonui ana ka bioavailability o ka diuretics thiazide-type.

ʻO ka hopena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā hopena hōʻike

Ma muli o ka hopena i ka metabolism calcium, hiki i ka thiazides nā hopena i ka hopena o ka loiloi o ka hana o nā kūloko o ka parathyroid (e nānā i ka ʻāpana "Features of use").

Hōʻailona kikoʻī kikoʻī. Ma muli o ka pale ʻana o ka ACE, hiki i ka hopena a me ka hōʻino o ka hopena anaphylactic a me ka anaphylactoid e hoʻonui i ka pōʻai manuahi. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ua hiki ke nānā ʻia kēia hopena no nā allergens ʻē aʻe.

Nā hiʻohiʻona noi

Nā hui ahonui kūikawā

Kahawai Hoʻomaka ʻia me ka ACE inhibitors a i ʻole nā alaiotensin II receptor antagonist e hoʻomaka i ka wā hāpai. Inā ʻaʻole e hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻomau ʻia o ka mālama ʻana me kahi ACE inhibitor / angiotensin II antagonist receptor, pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mea maʻi e manaʻo nei e hānai i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau antihypertensive hou, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he palekana i ka wā hāpai.

Kāleka pālua o renin-angiotensin- (RAAS) i hoʻohana i nā lāʻau i loaʻa aliskiren

Kālea paʻa pālua o renin-angiotensin e ka hui pū ʻana me ka lāʻau ʻo Tritace Plus ® a me ka aliskiren ʻaʻole i kono ʻia, no ka mea ke nui ka hopena o ka hypotension, hyperkalemia a me nā loli i ka hana o ka pūpū.

No ka mea maʻi me ka diabetes mellitus a i ʻole ke āpau ʻole o ka hana renal (GFR 60 ml / min), i hui pū ʻia ai ʻo Tritace Plus ® a me aliskiren e hui ʻia (ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Contraindications").

ʻO nā maʻi i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe no ka hypotension arterial

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻonui renin-angiotensin-hana. I ka poʻe maʻi me ka hana o ka renin-angiotensin-aia ke kūlana o ka hōʻemi nui o ka hoʻokahe nui ʻana i ke koko a me nā hana renal impaired ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka ACE. Hoʻopau maoli kēia i nā hihia a kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai kahi ACE inhibitor a concomitant diuretic paha no ka manawa mua a hoʻonui ʻia paha ka pā ma ka manawa mua. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia aʻe o ka hana o ka renin-angiotensin-koi ana i ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka mālama mau ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ke koko, hiki ke kali ʻia, no ka maʻi ʻana:

me ka nui o ka lāʻau hypertension,
me ka decompensated congestive hana ole,
me ka pākuʻi nui o hemodynamically i ke ala o ke kahe a kahe a ke kahe o ke koko mai ka palena hema o ka hema (no ka laʻana, he stenosis o ka aortic a mitral valve)
me ka unenateral renal aren stenosis ma ke alo o kahi lua hana hana
me ka nele o ka wai a i ʻole ka latent o ka wai a me ka electrolytes (komo pū me kēlā poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā diuretics),
me ka cirrhosis a me / or ascites,
ka mea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui ʻia a i ka wā he anesthesia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ai i ke hypotension arterial.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, hoʻākāka pinepine ʻia e hoʻoponopono ʻia nā dehydration, hypovolemia, a i ʻole ka hoʻopolo ʻana i ka electrolyte (akā naʻe, i nā mea maʻi me ka puʻuwai puukui, ʻo ia nā hana hoʻoponopono e pono e kaupaona ʻia ma nā ʻōlelo o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka piʻi nui o ka nui)

I ka poʻe maʻi me ka pīhoihoi hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ka pane i ka mālama ʻana me Tritace Plus ® hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi a i hōʻemi paha. Eia kekahi, i nā mea maʻi me ka cirrhosis koʻikoʻi o ka pepeha, ka mea i hui pū ʻia e edema a me / a ascites paha, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana renin-angiotensin, no laila, pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama kūikawā i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau maʻi.

Hoʻolā hewa. Inā hiki, lāʻau e mālama ʻia me ka ACE inhibitors, e like me ka ramipril, pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lā 1 ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana.

ʻO ka poʻe maʻi i ka hopena o ka ischemia cardiac a i ʻole cerebral i ka hihia o ka hypotension arterial acute. I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka mālama ʻana, pono ka mea maʻi e nānā pono.

ʻO ka hyperaldosteronism mua. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka ramipril + hydrochlorothiazide ka lāʻau lapaʻau koho ma ke ʻano o ka hyperaldosteronism maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, inā e hoʻohana ʻia ka ramipril + hydrochlorothiazide i kahi mea maʻi me ka hyperaldosteronism mua, pono ia e kiaʻi ponoʻī i ka pae o ka pāhana ma ka plasma koko.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi. E ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Dosage and Administration".

ʻO nā maʻi me ka maʻi pūpū. I nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi pāpaʻi, hōʻemi ʻia nā electrolyte hopena i loaʻa mai i ka mālama ʻana me ka diuretics hydrochlorothiazide hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka hanana o ka hepatic encephalopathy.

I ka hihia o ka maʻi hepatic a me nā mea maʻi e hoʻomanawanui nei i nā maʻi ʻōpū o ka holomua, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā thiazides me ka makaʻala, ʻoiai nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hōʻeha i ka cholestasis intrahepatic, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka loli ʻana o ka wai-paʻakai ka mea e hoʻonāukiuki ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka comp hepatic. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hypothiazide i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi hepatic koʻikoʻi (e ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Contraindications").

Ka nānā ʻana i ka hana kidney. Pono ka nānā ʻia o ka hana Renal ma mua a i ka wā ʻo ka mālama ʻana a pono hoʻi ke hoʻoponopono pono ʻia ka lāʻau ma lalo, ʻoi loa i nā hebedoma mua o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka maʻi me ka hana renal impaired (e ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Dosage a me ke Management") pono e nānā pono ai.

ʻO ka maʻi me ka hana renal impaired. I nā maʻi me nā maʻi o ka pūpū, hiki i ka thiazides ke hoʻomake i kahi maka o ka uremia. I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, hiki mai paha nā hopena kumulative o nā mea ikaika.Inā ʻike ʻia ka holomua o ka hala o ka renal, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o ke koena hauoli, pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ka hoʻoholo e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka mālama ʻana. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka noʻonoʻo e hoʻopau i ka mālama ʻana me kahi diuretic (ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Contraindications").

Hoʻopiʻi ka piliona. E like me nā mea maʻi a pau e loaʻa ana i ka mālama ʻana me ka diuretics, pono e hoʻopaʻa pinepine i ka pae o ka electrolytes i loko o ke koko koko i nā manawa kūpono. ʻO Thiazides, a me ka hydrochlorothiazide, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka pae wai-electrolyte (hypokalemia, hyponatremia a me hypochloremic alkalosis).

ʻOiai e ulu ka hypokalemia me ka diuret thiazide, hiki i ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana i ka ramipril ke hōʻemi i ka hypokalemia i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka diuretics. Aia ka nui o ka hopena o ka hypokalemia i nā mea maʻi me ka cirrhosis, nā mea maʻi me ka diuresis i hoʻonui ʻia, i nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ʻole i nā electrolytes, a i ka poʻe maʻi e loaʻa pū ana i ka mālama ʻana me ka corticosteroids a me ACTH (e ʻike i ka Māhele "Hoʻohālikelike i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano like ʻole. pili ai "). I loko o ka hebedoma mua o ka mālama ʻana, pono e hoʻoholo ʻia nā pae o ka potassium potassium mua. Inā ʻike ʻia nā papa pākeke haʻahaʻa, pono ke hoʻoponopono.

ʻEhola ʻia paha nā hōʻalo o ka hyponatremia. ʻO nā pae liʻiliʻi o ka sodium e hoʻomaka i mua e like me ka asymptomatic, no laila he mea nui ka manaʻo maʻamau maʻamau o kāna kumukūʻai. I nā poʻe maʻi a me nā mea maʻi me ka cirrhosis, pono nā hoʻokolohua e hana pinepine pinepine ʻia.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Thiazides e hoʻonui i ka url magnesium urinary, hiki ke piʻi i ka hypomagnesemia.

Hyperkalemia I kekahi mau mea maʻi ua loaʻa i nā inhibitors ACE, e like me Tritace Plus ®, ua ʻike ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka hyperkalemia. Hōʻuluʻulu ka hopena no ka hyperkalemia i nā mea maʻi me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka lolo, ʻo ka poʻe ʻelemakule (ma mua o 70 mau makahiki he nui), nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ole a i ʻole a ʻohi ʻia i ka maʻi mellitus, a i ka poʻe e lawe nei i ka paʻakai pālala, potoma-sparing diuretics, a me nā mea ikaika e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakai o ka plasma ke koko, a i ʻole nā mea maʻi me nā kūlana e like me ka dehydration, decompensation mahele cardiac, a i ʻole ka metabolic acidosis. Inā hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana like ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna, e alualu mau i ka nānā maʻamau i ke pae o ka paʻakai i loko o ke koko koko (e ʻike i ka Māhele "Hoʻohui me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe".

ʻO ka Hepatic encephalopathy. I nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi pāpaʻi, hōʻemi ʻia ka electrolyte i hoʻoili ʻia mai ka mālama ʻana me ka diuretics, me ka hydrochlorothiazide, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hanana o ka hepatic encephalopathy. I ka hihia o ka hepatic encephalopathy, pono e hoʻōki koke ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO ka Hypercalcemia. Hoʻokomo ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka reabsorption o ka calcium ma nā pēpē, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hypercalcemia. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai i nā hana o nā kelepa parathyroid.

ʻO ka edion Angioneurotic. I ka poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana nā ACE inhibitors, e like me ka ramipril, ua ʻike ʻia ka angioedema (e ʻike i ka Māhele "Adverse Reaction"). I ka hanana o ka angioedema, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lāʻau me Tritace Plus ® i ʻole e hoʻomaka ka mālama maʻi. Pono ka mea maʻi ma lalo o ka mālama kiaʻi ma lalo o nā hola 12-24 a hiki ke hoʻokuʻu wale ʻia ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā hōʻailona.

I nā maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā inhibitor ACE, e like me Tritace Plus ®, i loaʻa mai nā hihia o ka angioedema o ka ʻōpū (e ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Hōʻino ʻino"). Ua hoʻopiʻi kēia mau mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū (me ʻole a paʻa paha o ka luaʻi).

Anaphylactic hopena ma ka hyposensitization. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka inhibitor ACE, hiki i ka hopena me ka nui o ka hanana a me ka paʻakikī o ka anaphylactic a me nā ʻano anaphylactoid e hoʻopili i ka maʻi o nā pepeke a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai.

ʻO Neutropenia / agranulocytosis. ʻAʻole pilikia nā hanana o neutropenia / agranulocytosis. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hana o ka ʻōpū o ka iwi. I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka leukopenia hiki, pono ia e hoʻomalu i ka nui o nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo i ke koko. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike pinepine ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, i nā mea maʻi me ka collagenosis concomitant (no ka laʻana, systemus lupus erythematosus or scleroderma) a me nā poʻe e lawe nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hōʻeha i ke kiʻi koko (ʻike i nā Māhele " ka launa pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe "a me" ʻano ʻino ".

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano ʻē. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pale o ka ACE e hoʻokau i ka angioedema i nā maʻi o ka lāhui Negroid ma mua o nā ʻelele o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. E like me nā mea paʻa ACE ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka hopena hypotensive o ramipril ke hōʻaha iki i ka poʻe maʻi o ka lāhui Negroid i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻelele o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia paha ma muli o ka mea i loko o nā poʻe maʻi ʻeleʻele me ka hypertension arterial, hypertension arterial me ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke nānā pinepine ʻia.

Paulo Hiki i Hydrochlorothiazide ke loaʻa i kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka wā e hoʻokele ai i kahi hōʻike doping.

Nā hopena metabolic a me ka endocrine. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hana Thiazide i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose. I kekahi mau hihia, pono i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka insulin a me nā mea e ʻakaʻoma antidiabetic waha. I ka wā e mālama ʻia ai me ka thiazides, hiki i ke ʻano loea o ka maʻi maʻi i kahi ʻike.

Hoʻopiliʻia nā lāʻau diuretic Thiazide me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol a me ka triglycerides. I kekahi mau mea maʻi, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka diuret th thiazide ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hyperuricemia a i ʻole hōʻeha kaua i ka maʻi gout.

Hono. Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā ACE inhibitors, ua hōʻike ʻia ka huhū. E like me ke kānāwai, ʻaʻohe hua kēia paʻapū, lōʻihi a nalowale ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. I ka ʻolike ʻana o ka maʻi pālio, pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo inā loaʻa paha kahi ʻōpio i hoʻāla ʻia e ka ACE inhibitors.

Acop myopia a me glaucoma kūloko aa. ʻO ka Hydrochlorothiazide kahi hoʻomākaukau a sulfonamide. ʻO Sulfanilamides a me nā derivatives sulfonamide hiki ke hana i nā idiosyncrasies e alakaʻi i ka wā myopia pōkole a me nā māka panui pakanikini. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi hoʻomaka o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka maʻi acuity a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka maka a hana maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau hola i kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Hiki i ke kalo loea ke kaumaha ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale mau o ka ʻike. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua loa no kēia ʻano ke hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hiki ke hiki. Hiki ke koi ʻia ka mālama a me ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama inā mālama ʻia ke kūpapa ʻole intraocular. ʻO nā mea kūpono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kola kuʻukia mikina hoʻopukapuka paha e loaʻa i kahi mōʻaukala sulfonamide a allicicic penicillin.

Kauka. I ka poʻe maʻi, me ka manaʻo o ka mōʻaukala o ka alla

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano

Loaʻa ka Tritace Plus i ka palapala papa.

ʻO nā pāpale he oblong a pink i kaʻaila, ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao kekahi pae hoʻokaʻawale. I luna aia pono 41 / AV. ʻAe ʻia nā kukui ʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā kolamu kahi oblong kala i ka kala, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ke ʻano ka palena ʻokoʻa. Ma luna e kūlia 42 / AY. ʻAe ʻia nā kukui ʻokoʻa.

Maʻāpana keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo-ʻoniʻoni me ka hoʻokaʻawale hoʻokaʻawale, oblong ʻano. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua aia kahi ʻano inoa ʻoihana a me kahi pahu HNW.

Pills pink oblong. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua he wahi hūnā. Kōlihi kiʻekiʻe 39 / AV. ʻAe ʻia nā wahi ʻōuli ʻokoʻa.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

Ua hui ʻia ka lāʻau antihypertensive, nā mea e 2 o nā hiʻohiʻona ikaika.

ʻO kahi o kēia manawa ʻO ka mea e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka ʻaihue ACE. ^ E Ha yM. Kūpono ka mana o ka mana i pili i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i hoʻokahi ʻano hoʻopiha (I) i kekahi (II).

I kēia hihia, ʻaʻohe piʻi o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai e ka hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha, ʻaʻole i hōʻemi ʻia ka hana aldosterone, ʻaʻole i loli ka ke kaumaha o ke kaila o ka pūnaehana pulmonary, ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ka hoʻokau koko, ʻaʻole i loli ka lula ʻana i ka glomeruli o ka ʻōnaehana renal, a ke kū nei ka pale ʻana i nā moku o ka ʻōnaehana pulmonary ma ke pae mua.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina haukaʻi e hōʻike ana ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau hoʻokaumaha i ka hōʻemi o ka hoʻohālikelike myocardial hypertrophy i nā poʻe maʻi e ʻeha nei haʻi maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. I isocic myocardium Hoʻonui ʻo Ramipril i ka kaʻe o ke koko, e hoʻoneʻe i ka pinepine o ka myocardial reperfusion a me ka hopena o ka ulu ʻana nā arrhythmias.

Loaʻa ka hopena Cardioprotective (ka pale + puʻuwai) ma muli o ka hopena i ke kaʻina hana synthes a lailaa no nā ʻano hoʻi o ka hana o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka ʻawaʻama nitric i nā ʻāpana endotheliocyte. Hiki i ka papa hoʻohana ke hōʻemi ʻāpana hui hoʻohui.

ʻO ka hole waiwai

ʻO kahi o kēia manawa diuretic thiazidea hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pāhare paʻakai, chlorine, sodium, magnesium ion. Hoʻopau i nā mea kaha waawa uric i ke kino, hoʻoʻohi i ke kaʻina o ka hana i ka mea i hoʻonaninani aku i nā kalapona, ke hoʻololi i ka reabsorption o ka wai i nā nephrons (kahi kikowaena).

Loaʻa ka hopena antihypertensive ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hopena depressant e kū i ka ganglia, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka hopena pressor norepinephrine, adrenaline a me nā koina vasoconstrictor hou, ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka BCC. Ma lalo o ka maʻamau he pili koko ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka hopena hypotensive.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka Ramipril a me ka hydrochlorothiazide e kahi hopena hoʻohui. Hoʻomoe ka Hydrochlorothiazide pākana mai ke kino, a ua hoʻopau ʻo Ramipril i kēia hopena, e pale ana i ka nalowale ʻana o K +.

Pharmacodynamics a me ka pharmacokinetics

Ka hopena antihypertensive o Ramipril i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi o 90 mau minuke ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka paila, a ʻike ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma hope o 5-9 mau hola. Ke hoʻomau ʻia ka hopena ma loko o ke ao. Ma ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia ka maʻi "withdrawal". Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena diuretic o ka hydrochlorothiazide ma hope o 1-2 mau hola.

Loaʻa ka hopena nui ma hope o nā hola 4 a hiki ke lōʻihi i 12 mau hola. Ua ʻike ʻia ka hopena antihypertensive ma hope o nā lā 3-4, akā naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā hopena therapeutic maikaʻi loa ma hope o 3-4 mau pule.

Nā hopena hopena

Pūnaehana Cardiovascular:

ʻOihana genitourinary:

hoʻemi i ka libido
proteinuria
ka hoemi ana o ka urine output,
ua hoʻonui nui ʻia o nā hōʻailona o ka hana hoʻopili.

Pūnaehana pōkole:

huhū
Hoʻololi ischemic i ka lolo,
āhāhuʻe,
nāwaliwali
aloha
mahuahua hiamoe
hopohopo
hopohopo
ʻO nā wahi hiamoe hiamoe, insomnia,
hikiʻole ke hoʻopili pono,
mai nāwaliwali
hilahila
hopohopo kaumaha
limapa ʻaʻa.

Nā kumuwai o nā kumuwaiwai:

hoʻololi i ka ʻono,
ʻike ʻia ka ʻike
nā maʻi vestibular
tinnitus.

ʻĀpana kikoʻī:

Pūnaehana lawelawe:

Nā pane kūlike:

angioedema o ka alelo, lehelehe, līkiha a i ʻole ma mua o ka poʻo.
ʻili kino ʻili,
angioedema o na piko loa,
serositis
pemphigus
ʻO ka maʻi o Lyell
paulele
vasculitis
papula deriva
kaʻiliʻili
urticaria
myositis
wahīwiki
onianoe,
eosinophilia.

Hematopoietic hui:

pancytopenia
hemoglobin hoʻemi,
huokupaʻa,
thrombocytopenia
hememia anemia,
erythropenia.

Hiki i nā hopena e pili ana i ka pūpū.

hoʻohuli ʻana i nā iwi o ka iwi ʻula,
hyperkalemia
ʻike palapala i nā anti antukukui,
hyponatremia,
kūlia lima
hoʻolaha
nā hoʻololi i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana renal,
ka hoʻoheheʻe i ke koko
oligohydramnios
ʻōpū o ka iwi ʻōiwi.

Nā hana huli:

ʻike palapala i nā anti antukukui,
hyperkalemia
hoʻolaha
lolilolinia,
pālahalohula
hoʻonui ALT, AST, bilirubin.

Nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe:

ʻO nā hopena maikaʻiʻole e pili ana i ka hydrochlorothiazide:

iriani,
huhū
hilahila
ka uaua o ka psyche a me n?
hypalloremala alkalosis,
maʻi nā maʻi maʻi
cholecystitis
tachycardia,
anemia (aplastic, hemolytic),
orthostatic hypotension,
eha epigastric
sialadenitis
lōkohu
anorexia
pālahalaha maʻi
pālahalaha maʻi
ka pono o ka gout,
ʻānō
ʻili kino ʻili,
nā maʻi pīpī
ʻO ka edema pulmonary o ka kumu non-cardiogenic.

Nā ʻōkuhi ma Tritac Plus (Ke ʻano a me ka anaana)

Hoʻopau ʻia nā Dosis ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā ʻano pilikino pilikino. Hōʻike ʻia ka manawa o ke kakahiaka. ʻO ka palena loa i kēlā me kēia lā, e lawe i ka papa papaʻa 2 i kahi maʻa o 5 + 25 a i ʻole 4 papa i ka pāʻaʻi ʻana o 2,5 + 12.5, nā mea e pili ana i ka 50 mg o ka hydrochlorothiazide a me 10 mg o Ramipril.

Ke hoʻopau nei i kahi palaʻai, hoʻāʻo lākou e lawe i ka wikiwiki. Ke ʻae ʻia nei ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana ʻia o ka nui. Pono e holoi ʻia nā papa ʻula me ka wai, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ke kukoʻi ʻia. ʻAʻole pili ka ʻai i ka paʻakikī o ka hopena therapeutic o Tritace Plus.

Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a i ka wā o ka umauma

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻo Tritace ® Plus i ka wā hāpai. No laila, ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau i nā wāhine o ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, pono e haʻalele ʻia ka wahine, a i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, pono lākou e hoʻohana i nā ʻano kūpono o ka ʻohiʻohi. I ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana i ka wā e mālama ai me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe koke ʻana a hoʻoneʻe i ka mea maʻi i lawe i nā lāʻau antihypertensive, me ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilikia o ke keiki.

Ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena maikaʻi o ka ramipril a me ka hydrochlorothiazide ma ka ʻōpio, ua ʻōlelo ʻia i nā wahine ʻaʻole e hiki ke neʻe ʻia i kekahi hana hou no ka hypertension arterial (me ka mea ʻole ACE inhibitors a me diuretics) e aʻo ʻia e pale aku.

ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia inā he hopena maikaʻi paha ka hopena o Tritace ® Plus i ka trimester mua o ka hapai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pūpū. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā inhibitor ACE i ka trimesters ʻelua a me ke kolu o ka hapai i hoʻohui pū ʻia me nā maʻi i hiki ke hiki i ka pūpū a me ka hānau keiki, me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ke koko, cranial bone hypoplasia, anuria, hoʻohuli a i ʻole hōʻano hou i ka ʻole kaulike, a make.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā oligohamoamnios, ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka hana ʻana o nā keiki o ka pēpē, oligohydramnios i kēlā mau hihia, i hele pū ʻia me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena o ka hopena o ka pūpū, ka maʻi o ka craniofacial, ka mua o ka hānau ʻana, ka ulu ʻana o ka intrauterine a me ka pani ʻole ʻana o ka botallic (arterial). ʻO kēia mau hopena ka hopena o kahi inhibitor ACE.

Manaʻo ʻia e kiaʻi pono i nā pēpē hou i loaʻa i ka ʻike intrauterine i ka ACE inhibitors i mea e ʻike ai i ka emi ʻana o ke koko, oliguria a me hyperkalemia. I loko o oliguria, pono e mālama i ke kahe o ke koko a me ka hoʻoliʻi a i ʻole i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka wai ʻauʻau kūpono a me nā lāʻau make vasoconstrictor. Kēia pōpilikia o kēlā mau pēpē e hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka oliguria a me nā maʻi neurological, ma muli o ka hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke kahe koko o ka cerebral ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ke kahe o ke koko i hoʻāla ʻia e ACE inhibitors. Ua manaʻo ia me ka hoʻohana ʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka lua o ka male o ka hānau ʻana, hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka thrombocytopenia i loko o nā keiki hou.

ʻ periodmeʻa

No ka mea ke hoʻopuka ʻia ʻo ramipril a me hydrochlorothiazide i ka umauma umauma, inā pono e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tritace i ka wā o ka lactation, pono e oki ʻia ka mālama umauma.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Ke ʻano o ka noi

E hoʻopau ʻia nā papa i ka nui o ka wai (1/2 kī). ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻoka a ʻāpala nā papa. ʻAʻole hopena maikaʻi ka ʻai ʻana i ka bioavailability o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, no laila hiki ke lawe ʻia ma mua, a i ʻole a ma hope o ka pāʻina. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e lawe ʻia ka ʻauʻau ʻai o kēlā me kēia lā i ka manawa like o ka lā, ʻo ka mea nui i ke kakahiaka.

Hana ʻia ʻo Dosage a me nā hewa Sharp

Kahi ʻia nā helu o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ke lawe ʻia nei ke koho ʻana i nā ʻōmole e ke kauka e like me ka nui o ka hypertension arterial a me ka hele ʻana o nā mea pili i pili i ka hopena, a me ke kāhea ʻia ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Koho ʻia ka make o Tritace Plus e ka titration (hoʻonui nui a i ʻole, inā pono, hoʻemi ʻia) nā kahe o nā hipa ramipril a me nā hydrochlorothiazide e hoʻomākaukau ana.

Ma hope o ke kanaka maʻi i koho ʻia i nā wai ramipril a me hydrochlorothiazide, no ka hōʻoluʻolu o nā mea maʻi, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kā lākou kao ʻana ma ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau Tritace me nā ʻano kūpono, e hōʻoia ʻia e lawe ʻia kēia mau dos of ramipril a me hydrochlorothiazide i hoʻokahi papa.

Hoʻomohala mau hoʻomaka: 2.5 mg ramipril a me 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide hoʻokahi mau lā i kēlā lā. Inā kūpono, hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano me ka manawa o 2-3 mau pule.
I nā maʻi e hiki ʻole i ka hiki ke hōʻemi i ke koko koko hōʻemi me ka manuahi ramipril i kahi maʻa o 10 mg, a i loko o nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ke koko hoʻemi e pono ai loaʻa me ka ramipril ma kahi o ka pā o 10 mg a me hydrochlorothiazide i nā pā o 12.5 mg -25 mg i lawe like me nā mākaukau ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tritace ® me ka nui o 12.5 mg + 10 mg a me 25 mg + 10 mg.

I ka nui o nā hihia, e hoʻemi ka nui o ke koko i ka wā e lawe ai i ka Tritace ® Plus i loko o nā wai mai 2.5 mg o ramipril a me 12.5 mg o ka hydrochlorothiazide i 5 mg o ramipril a me 25 mg o ka hydrochlorothiazide. ʻO nā papa kākahi, a me ka helu dosage i nā kūlana kulekele kūikawā

ʻO ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā diuretics
ʻO nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma mua me ka diuretics, ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Tritace me ka mea, inā hiki iā 2-3 a i ʻole mau lā (e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o ka diuretics), pono lākou e hoʻopau ʻia, i ka liʻiliʻi loa, e hōʻemi i ka waʻa.
Inā hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka lawe ʻana i nā diuretics, ʻoi aku ia e hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana me nā dosis haʻahaʻa loa o ka ramipril (1.25 mg i kēlā me kēia lā) ma kēia hui pū ʻana, e lawe ana i nā lāʻau hoʻokaʻawale o nā ramipril a me hydrochlorothiazide. Manaʻo ʻia e hiki aku i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e lawe ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana iā Tritace ® me i ke ʻano no ka piʻi ʻana o ka lā mua ma mua o ka 2.5 mg o ka ramipril a me ka 12.5 mg o ka hydrochlorothiazide. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired
Ke hana nei ka cleince cleince mai 30 a 60 ml / min i ka 1.73 m2 o ka wahi ākea o ke kino, e hoʻomaka ana ka mālama ʻana me ka monote ramipril i loko o kēlā me kēia lā o 1.25 mg.
Ma hope o ka hoʻonui pinepineʻana i ka hopena o ka ramipril, hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka hui pū ʻana e hoʻomaka me kahi kao o 2.5 mg o ramipril a me 12.5 mg o ka hydrochlorothiazide. ʻO ka nui o ka lā i hana ʻia no kēlā me nā maʻi me ka hiki ʻole o ka renal ka 5 mg ramipril a me 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide. ʻAʻole pono nā mea maʻi e lawe i ka papa Tritace ® me ka 12.5 mg + 10 mg a me 25 mg + 10 mg.

Hanaʻi ʻia o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻōwili (5-6 pae ma ke ʻano o ke keiki-Pyo) a i ʻole a i ʻole (7-9 poʻokahi ma ke kiʻekiʻe Child-Pyo)
Pono e mālama ʻia me ka Tritace ® plus ma lalo o ka mālama kia ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka nui o nā lā nui o ka lā ramipril he 2.5 mg.
I kēlā mau mea maʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā papa Tritace ®, me 25 mg + 5 mg, 12.5 + 10 mg 25 mg + 10 mg.

Ka hana ana i nā maʻi maʻi
Hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana me nā hōʻemi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻōhua (me ke ʻano o ka nui o nā ʻōpū) no ka nui o nā hopena ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mea maʻi nāwaliwali nāwaliwali.

Dose skip

Ke hoʻoluhi nei i ka mahele hou, e lawe koke ʻia i ke ana he hala. Eia nō naʻe, inā e ʻike kokoke loa kēia i ka manawa o ka hopena hou, pono ia e ʻae i ka leʻaleʻa i hala a hoʻi i ka hoʻoponoponoimenʻi maʻamau, e pale aku i ka kānalua i ka pākī i loko o ka manawa pōkole.

Loaʻa ka hopena

ʻO kēia ka hopena hiki ʻole ke hanana me ka hoʻohana ʻana o Tritace ® me, ka mea ʻona e ola ai (ramipril a me hydrochlorothiazide), nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe ACE, a i ʻole nā diuretics e like me ka hydrochlorothiazide, i hāʻawi ʻia e like me kēia mau hana o ka pinepine o ko lākou hanana:
pinepine pinepine (≥ 10%), pinepine pinepine (≥ 1% - Nā maʻi puʻuwai
Kaka: ischemia isocia, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka angina pectoris, tachycardia, arrhythmias cardiac, palpitations, peripheral edema.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: myocardial infarction.

ʻO nā māweʻe mai ke koko a me ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic
Kaka: ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā leukocytes i loko o ke koko peripheral, kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka nui o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke koko peripheral, kahi hoʻokaʻawale i ka hemoglobin, hemolytic anemia, he hapalua o ka nui o nā platelets i ke koko peripheral.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: ka haki ʻana o ka hematopoiesis kumakiko o ka iwi, e komo pū me agranulocytosis (he hōʻemi a pau a i ʻole ka nalo ʻana o nā granulocytes mai nā toto peripheral), pancytopenia, eosinophilia, hemoconcentration ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka ʻike wai ma loko o ke kino, me ka koko peripheral.

ʻO nā maʻi o ka pūnao
I ka manawa pinepine: hōʻeha, hōʻeha (ka manaʻo o "māmā" i ke poʻo).
Kaka: vertigo, paresthesia, tremor, hōʻemi ʻana, hoʻālo i ka hōʻā ʻana o ka ʻili, dysgeusia (hewa ʻole o ka ʻono), agegezia (ka nalowale o ka ʻono).
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: ischemia cerebral, komo ka ischemic stroke a me ka haunaele panee o ka cerebral circulation, impaired psychomotor reaction, parosmia (ʻeka ʻole, a me ke ʻano o ka manaʻo kumumanaʻo o kekahi ʻae i kona haʻalele ʻole).

Kuee ʻia o nā io o ka ʻike
Kaka: nā hana ʻino, a me ka blurryness o ke kiʻi e ʻike ʻia ana, conjunctivitis.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: xantopsia, kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana o ka wai waimaka (ma muli o ka hikiʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

E hoʻolohe ana i nā poho ʻana a me nā maʻi labyrinthine
Kaka: kani ana i na pepeiao.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: lohe pio.

Nā maʻi hōʻeha o ka pūnaehana hanu, umauma a me nā mea mediastinal
I ka manawa pinepine: huaʻai ("dry") kōmala, bronchitis.
Kaka: sinusitis, pōkole o ka hanu, ʻōloʻi nasal.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: ʻO ka bronchospasm, me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ke kakina bronchial, alveolitis alerolitis (pneumonitis), nonema-pulmonary edema (ma muli o ka piha o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

ʻO nā maʻi he digestive
Kaka: nā hana hoʻonā a ka huile o ka huina o ka gastrointestinal tract, hōʻeha huehue, hōʻeha i loko o ka ʻōpū, dyspepsia, gastritis, luaʻi, constipation, gingivitis (ma muli o ka heleʻana o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).
Loa loa: puaau, hehiki aphthous, glossitis, huehue, ʻeha epigastric, maloʻo ka mucosa waha.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: pancreatitis (ma nā hihia ʻē aʻe, i ka wā e lawe ai i ka inhibitor ACE, ua ʻike ʻia ka pancreatitis momona), nui ka hana o nā enzyme pancreatic i loko o ke koko, angioedema o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, sialadenitis (ma muli o ka hikiʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

Nā hana kolohe o nā pūpū a me ka papa maʻi
Kaka: hana 'ole i ka hana' āpau, e komo pū me ka hana 'ōpole a me ka hana nui, ka hoʻonui o ka nui o ka urine i ho'ākāka ʻia, ka nui o ke kahe o ka urea i ke koko, he nui ka holo ʻana o ka creatinine i loko o ke koko (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻa o ka creatinine me ka unilateral renal artery stenosis e hōʻike i ka hana o ka renal function).
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: hoʻonui proteinuria, interstitial nephritis (ma muli o ka hikiʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

Nā maʻi hōʻeha o ka ʻili a me ke kiko
Kaka: angioedema: ma nā hanana ʻokoʻa, pale i ke ala ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka angioedema hiki ke piʻi i ka make, like hoʻi me ka dermatitis psoriasis, hoʻonui nui ʻia, ʻehaʻeha o ka ʻili, kūwili, ka papala ʻulaʻula papala, pruritus, baldness.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: ʻO ka mea laikini epidermal i nā mea ʻawaʻawa, nā maʻi Stevens-Johnson, erythema multiforme, pemphigus, inoino o ka psoriasis, dermatitis exfoliative, photosensitization reaksi, onycholysis, pemphigoid a lichenoid exanthema a enanthema, urticaria, systemic lupus erythematosus (ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o ka wai).

ʻO nā maʻi me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā musculoskeletal
Kaka: myalgia.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: arthralgia, mau uaua hōʻeha o ka mālamuhina, nāwaliwali o ka naʻau, ka ʻoi ʻana o ka naʻau, tetany (ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

ʻO nā pilikia mai ka pūnaehana endocrine
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: nā maʻi maʻi ʻole i ka ʻimi huna ʻana o ka hormone antidiuretic (SNA ADH).

ʻO ka huʻihuʻi me ka meaʻaiʻaiʻai
I ka manawa pinepine: ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose, nui ka piʻi o ka glucose i ke koko, hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka wa uric acid i loko o ke koko, hoʻonui i nā hōʻailona o ke kaila, hoʻonui i nā ʻike o ke kolamu a me ka triglycerides i ke koko (ma muli o ka hikiʻana o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻohui).
Kaka: anorexia, hoʻemi i ka momona, hoʻemi i ka paʻakai i loko o ke koko, makewai (ma muli o ka hiki ke kahi o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).
ʻArelelo: hoʻonui ka paʻakai i ke koko (ma muli o ka hiki o ramipril i ka hoʻomākaukau).
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: kaomi i ka sodium koko, glucosuria, metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, dehydration (ma muli o ka piha o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).

ʻO nā maʻi kikoʻī
Kaka: ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko, ke nānā orthostatic hypotension (paʻa i ke kānāwai orthostatic o ka vascular tone), nāwaliwali, kahe o ke koko i ka maka.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: he thrombosis me ka pohō nui o nā wai, stenosis vascular, ka hanana a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pilikia o ka lula ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā stenotic vascular lesions, Raynaud's syndrome, vasculitis.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau a me nā maʻi i ka pūnaewele injection
I ka manawa pinepine: kalowale, asekoia.
Kaka: ʻehaʻeha, ʻeha.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana Pūnaewele
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: ʻano anaphylactic a anaphylactoid e pili ana i ka ramipril (me ka pale ʻana o ACE, nui ʻana o ka anaphylactic kino a i ʻole nā anaphylactoid hopena e hiki ai i ka iniseti manuahi he mea ʻole paha) a i ʻole nā anaphylactic hopena i ka hydrochlorothiazide, he hoʻonui i ka antinuclear titody titer.

Nā kuhi hewa o ka pūpū a me ka pāpili
Kaka: hepatitis cholestatic a cytolytic (ma nā hihia kūikawā me ka hopena momona), ka nui o ka hana o nā "enzyme" enzyme a / a me he hoʻonui ʻana aʻe o ka bilirubin conjugated i loko o ke koko, helu cholecystitis calculous (ma muli o ka hikiʻana o hydrochlorothiazide i ka hoʻomākaukau).
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: nāwaliwali o ka ate, ʻo ka jaundice cholestatic, nā maʻi hepatocellular.

Hōʻino ʻia nā genital a me ka glm mammary
Kaka: transient erectile kahiʻeha.
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: hoʻemi i ka libido, gynecomastia.

Nā maʻi noʻonoʻo
Kaka: hopohopo haʻahaʻa, luhi, hopohopo, hopohopo, ke kāʻei o ka hiamoe (me ka hiamoe hoʻi).
Kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia: hilahila, hopohopo, hoʻonaninani (hōʻemi i ka ʻike).

ʻO nā hopena ʻino

Hoʻopili ka ʻaoʻao palekana o Ramipril i ka umī mau a me nā hopena ma muli o ka hypotension arterial. ʻO ka hopena ʻino loa e pili ana i ka hahau, myocardial infarction, angioedema, hyperkalemia, impaired renal a hepatic function, pancreatitis, ʻano paona, a me neutropenia / agranulocytosis.

ʻO nā hana ʻino e hōʻike pinepine ai i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me ka amlodipine i ka hiamoe, ke kaumaha, ka ʻeha, ka ʻaki, tachycardia, hyperemia, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ke kuʻi ʻana, ka huehue ʻana i nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, ka huehue, a me nā māhuahua.

Ka helu ʻana o ka hana ʻino e haʻi ʻia: ka pinepine ʻana (≥ 1/10), pinepine (≥ 1/100 a