Hōʻulu 13 > He hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke pale aku

Prevenar 13: nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana a me nā loiloi

Palapala Latin: Prevenar 13

ATX Code: J07AL02

ʻOi ka mea e ola ai: polysaccharides o 13 serotypes o nā maʻi pneumococcus: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F, CRM197 protein carrier

Mea Hana: ʻOetheth Pharmaceuticals Māhele o Wyeth Holdings Corporation (USA), Baxter Pharmaceuticals Solutions LLC (USA), Pfizer Airland Pharmaceutical (Ireland), NPO Petrovaks Pharm (Russia)

Hoʻohou i ka wehewehe a me ke kiʻi: 10.26.2018

ʻO nā kumukūʻai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau: mai ka 1713 mau rubles.

ʻO Prevenar 13 kahi maʻi (pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugated adsorbed, 13-valent) no ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i hoʻomoʻi ʻia e ka Streptococcus pneumoniae.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

Loaʻa ka Prevenar 13 i kahi hoʻokuʻu manawa no ka inikua intramuscular (intramuscular): kahi hopena keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻōnaehana pena like (0.5 ml kēlā me kēia ma ka ʻōwili hāwili like ʻole me ka waihoʻoluʻu me ka hiki i ka 1 ml: ma ka pālolo poli 1 syringe piha me ka jarela 1 1 pūpū no ka pahu kīwila, no nā keʻena olakino - 5 mau syringes i loko o ka pūpū palupalu, 2 mau ʻeke ma ka pūlima pepa nui i piha me nā pūniki waiwai 10, 100 mau syringe i loko o kahi pahu wai).

ʻO 0.5 ml (1 mau inane) o ke kāpae ʻana i ke kau:

nā mea ikaika: pneumococcal conjugates (polysaccharide - CRM₁₉₇) - - polysaccharide of serotype 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F a me 23F - 2.2 μg kēlā me kēia, polysaccharide of serotype 6B - 4.4 μg, CRM lawe palaka wela₁₉₇ - aneane 32 mcg,
Nā mea kōkua: polysorbate 80, alumini phosphate, acid acid sucicic, sodium klorida, wai no ka hōʻoki ʻana.

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

ʻO Prevenar 13 kahi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā polysaccharides capsular o ka serotypes pneumococcal: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F a me 23F. Hāpai ʻia kēlā me kēia mokulele i ka diphtheria protein CRM₁₉₇ a hoʻolaha ʻia i luna o ka alumini phosphate. Ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka hopena, loaʻa ka hopena immunomodulatory ma ke kumu o ka hana i loko o ke kino o nā antibodies i kēlā me kēia o ka capsular polysaccharides o Streptococcus pneumoniae, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale kūikawā i nā maʻi i hoʻoiho ʻia e nā serotypes i hoʻopili ʻia.

ʻO Prevenar 13 aia ka 90% o nā serotypes i kumu e hoʻomōhala ai i ka maʻi pneumococcal invasive (IPI) i kū i nā antibiotics.

No nā huakini pneumococcal conjugated, e like me nā ʻōlelo a ka ʻĀina o ka Health Health World, ʻo ka hopena o ka pane ʻana o ke ʻano maʻi i hoʻoholo ʻia e ʻekolu mau kūlana. ʻO ka ʻōlelo mua loa ka hapa pākēkē o nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka piʻi ʻana o nā antibodies IgG kikoʻī a i ʻole ka nui o 0.35 gg i 1 ml. ʻO ka lua o nā huaʻōlelo he SGK (kaona geometric mean) ʻo Ig a me OFA (ka hana opsonophagocytic) o nā antibodial bactericidal, kahi e kū ai a i ʻole ka nui o nā papa inoa o ka huaʻōlelo OFA ma ke ʻano he 1 a 8. ʻO ke kolu o nā krema he SGT (ʻokoʻa geometric mean tit). No nā pākeke, ʻaʻole i hoʻokū ʻia ka pae palekana o ka anti-pneumococcal antibodies, no laila, hoʻohana ʻia ka serotype-spike OFA (CHT).

I ka manawa o ka huina mua ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻekolu mau kaha o ka Prevenar 13 i nā kamaliʻi ma lalo o nā makahiki 6 mau makahiki, he nui ka piʻi ʻana o ka pae o nā antibodies i nā serotypes maʻi āpau. E kūʻē i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā wai ʻelua wale nō no ka serotypes 6B a me 23F, ke ʻano mua no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ke ʻano maʻi i hoʻoholo ʻia ma kahi liʻiliʻi o nā keiki. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia kahi pane hoʻohanohano hoʻohanohano i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā serotypes āpau. No ka hoʻokumuʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana, e hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ʻekolu a ʻelua no ka pane ʻana i ka maʻi mua. I nā keiki o ke lua o ka makahiki o ke ola, ʻo ka pane ʻana loa o ka pale kino i ka nui o ka booster e hoʻohālikelike ʻia no nā serotypes 13 a pau ma hope o nā huina o nā hōʻemi mua i hoʻohana ʻia he ʻekolu a ʻelua mau kukū o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana ma hope o 8 he mau makahiki o ke ola o nā pēpē mua (ma ke ʻano he gestational a hiki i 37 mau pule), me ka poʻe i hānau ʻia me ke ʻano gestational a hiki i 28 mau pule, ma hope o ka piha ʻana o ka papa piha ke alakaʻi i ka ʻike o ka pae o ka pae o ka anti-pneumococcal antibodies a me kā RPA, kahi i oi aku i ka mea i pale ʻia i ka 87-100% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. keiki i nā serotypes 13 a pau.

ʻO kahi wai hoʻokahi o ka Prevenar i nā keiki 13 mai 5 a 17 paha ke hiki i ka pane ʻana mai i ka maʻi kūlohelohe kūpono loa i nā Stysptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharides e hoʻomālamalama pū i nā kano.

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka lāʻau Prevenar, ʻo ka nui o nā kikowaena mua (1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F, 19A) serotypes sprax i loko o ka hoʻopili o Prevenar 13 e hoʻonui nui i kona hiki.

Ma hope o ka hoʻopailua ʻana me Prevenar (e like me ke kumumanaʻo, ʻelua mau maʻi ma ka makahiki mua o ke ola a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka lua o ke ola o ka makahiki) me 94% o nā keiki e hele ana i ka piʻi o ka maʻi pneumococcal invasive (IPI) ma hope o ka mau makahiki he 4%. Ma hope o ka hoʻololiʻana i ka vaksia Prevenar 13, aia ka manaʻo e hoʻonui hou i ka pinepine o IPI. I nā keiki ma lalo o ka mau makahiki 2, loaʻa kēia ma ka 76% o nā hihia, ma ka makahiki o 5-14 makahiki - ma 91%. ʻAʻohe hihia o IPI i hoʻokumu ʻia e serotype 5. I nā kamaliʻi 5 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka ʻōpio, he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi serotype kūʻē IPI no ka serotypes 3 hou a me 6A mau pae mai 68 i 100%, kēlā me kēia, no nā serotypes 1, 7F a me 19A he 91% ia.

ʻO ka pinepine o ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o ka IPI e ka serotype 3, aʻo ke hoʻohana ʻana i Prevenar 13, hōʻemi ʻia e 68% i nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki.

Ke hoʻololi i ka Prevenar 13 ma hope o ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka voma Prevenar e like me ka hoʻolālā 2 + 1, ka ulu ʻana o ka media otitis i kumu ʻia e nā serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F a me ka serotype 6A ua hōʻemi ʻia e 95%, e ka serotypes 1, 3, 5, 7F a 19A - e 89%.

Eia kekahi, me kēia hoʻololi i nā keiki mai 1 mahina o ke ola a hiki i 15 mau makahiki, he hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka 16% i ka nui o nā hihia āpau o nā ʻāpana kūwaho o ke kaiāulu. ʻO nā hihia o nā pneumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu me ka hoʻokela pleural i hōʻemi ʻia e 53%, pneumococcal - ma kahi o 63%. I ka lua o ka makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka lāʻau Prevenar 13, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi i loaʻa i nā kaiāulu i loaʻa i ka maʻi serotypes e hōʻemi ana i ka 74%.

I nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki o ke kano, pale ʻana me Prevenar 13 e like me ka hoʻolālā 2 + 1 e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā hale hoʻokipa me ka pvemona alveolar i loaʻa i nā maʻi o ka etiology ma o 32% a me nā kipa outpatient e 68%.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau me ka mahalo i nā serotypes nasopharyngeal-spines.

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o Serotype-i ka hanana o ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻē a ka nui o ka pale ʻana o ka lehulehu i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau makahiki e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā. I nā poʻe ʻaʻole i laha ʻo 65 mau makahiki a keu aku, hele mai ka maʻi pneumococcal invasive i ka 25% emi iki, i kumu ʻia e nā serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F - i hōʻemi ʻia e 89% a me nā serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7A, 19A - e 64%.

ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia e ka serotype 3 i hōʻemi ʻia e 44%, serotype 6A - e ka 95%, serotype 19A - e 65%.

E like me nā hopena o nā haʻawina ma ke ʻano maʻi, ua hōʻike ʻia ka palekana a me ka immunogenicity o ka lāʻau no nā poʻe maʻi o nā makahiki he 18 a keu aku, me ke ʻano o ka maʻi i ka mua me ka pomaococcal polysaccharide 23-valent (PPV23). Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻohālikelike immunological e pili ana i nā serotypes 12 maʻamau me PPV23. Eia kekahi, me kahi serotype 6A kūikawā a no 8 mau serotypes maʻamau me PPV23, ua hōʻike ʻia i kahi pane pale kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi Prevenar 13.

I nā maʻi i hala ʻo 70 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ma hope o ka lāʻau hoʻokahi i ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau makahiki i hala me ka PPV23, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana me Prevenar 13 e hāʻawi hou i kahi pane hou aʻe.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā maʻi he ʻelua o Prevenar i nā mea maʻi he 13 me ka maʻi ʻona maʻi ʻehā mau makahiki 6 a 18 paha mau makahiki me kahi manawa o 6 mau mahina e hāʻawi i kahi pane pale kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā maʻi mua o ka maʻi immunodeficiency kanaka (HIV) i nā keiki a me nā pākeke i loaʻa ʻole ma mua o kahi maʻi pneumococcal e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pae IgG o SGK a me OFA. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi manawa i ka 6 mau mahina o ka lua a me ke kolu o ka hiki i ka maʻi ke hana e hoʻokō i ka hanana ʻana o kahi pane kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kahi pana hoʻokahi.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōnaehana sela Hematopoietic me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi pneumococcal. No laila, ʻo nā mea maʻi i ʻoi aku he mau makahiki ʻelua ma mua o ka maʻi heogopoietic hematopoietic transplant transection (HSCT), me ka piha o ka hematologic partial hematologic ma ke ʻano o ka lymphoma a me myeloma, ua kanai ʻia me ʻekolu mauʻu o ka Prevenar 13 me kahi manawa o 1 mahina. Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i ka 3-6 mau mahina ma hope o HSCT. 6 mau mahina ma hope o ke kolu o ka pau ʻana, ke mālama ʻia nei kahi mākaukau (ʻehā) o ke kano. 1 mahina ma hope o ka hā o ka hapahā o ka Prevenar 13, kākahi ʻia ka hoʻokahi o ko PPV23.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

E like me nā kuhikuhi, hōʻike ʻia ʻo Prevenar 13 no nā mea maʻi 2 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku no ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi pneumococcal i hōʻea ʻia e Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F a me 23F, a me invasive form, such as meningitis, pneumonia grabe, sepsis, bacteremia, a non-invasive form of community-got pneumonia, otitis media.

Hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo i ʻae ʻia i loko o ke kalena ʻoi ʻana i nā mea pale pale a me ka nui o ka pilikia no ka maʻi pneumococcal.

ʻO nā kūlana koʻikoʻi no ka maʻi pneumococcal e komo pū me ka immunodeficiency (me ke kino o ka maʻi immunodeficiency virus), ka maʻi immunosuppressive no ke kanesa, anatomical a me ka asplenia hana, kahi kōpili kūloko i hoʻokumu ʻia (me ka hana pū ʻia i hoʻolālā ʻia), ka maʻi leema cerebrospinal, nā maʻi paʻa o ka pūnaehana cardiovascular, lung, akeʻā a me (a) i ʻole, diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, convalescence period of meningitis, acute otitis media a pneumonia ii, kahi maʻi me ka maʻi pākuʻi mycobacterium.

Eia kekahi, hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi pneumococcal i nā mea ulaula polapeka, nā mea maʻi ma luna o nā makahiki he 50, mau manawa pinepine ʻo nā keiki maʻi maʻi, nā pēpē mua, a i nā hui hoʻonohonoho o ka poʻe (e komo pū ana i nā kula papa, nā ʻōlapa, nā pūʻali koa).

Nā Hoʻohui

ka manawa maʻi hopohopo o ka maʻi lohi, ʻaʻole paʻa loa a me ka maʻi (a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana ʻana o kahi wā kala)
maʻi pāhoihoi maʻamau maʻamau, anaphylactic pīhoihoi a me nā hopena hypersensitivity ʻē aʻe me ka hoʻokele mua o ka Prevenar 13 a i ʻole ka hoʻomākaukau Prevenar,
ka maʻi kūlohelohe o nā mea āpau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Prevenara 13: ke ʻano a me ka helu ʻana

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau intravascularly a me / m i loko o ka ʻāina gluteal.

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kāpili ʻia intramuscularly, i nā keiki o nā makahiki mua o ke ola - ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho waho o ke kolu o ka waena waena o ka ʻūhā, ʻoi aku i nā makahiki 2 mau makahiki - ma ka uaua deltoid o ka poʻohiwi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, pono e hūlū maikaʻi nā kiko o nā syringe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā, ma ka nānā ʻana i ke nānā maka ʻana, he ʻano kaʻina kahi kāʻei ʻana. Ma ke alo o nā mea haole i nā mea i loko o ka syringe Prevenar 13 pāpā ʻia ʻole ia e hoʻohana.

ʻO kahi pākahi hoʻokahi no nā maʻi o nā makahiki he 0.5 ml.

He mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo: inā hoʻomaka ʻia ke pale me ka pysococcal polysaccharide conjugated adsorbed, 13-valent vaccine, a laila hōʻike ʻia e hoʻopiha me ka hoʻopuka like ʻole. Inā hoʻomaka ʻia ka pale ʻana me ka pale o ka Prevenar 7-valent, a laila hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia me Prevenar 13 i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka papa o ka maʻi.

Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ʻia ka mole ma waena o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka pauʻa no nā kumu kūpono, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā dosis hou o Prevenar 13.

No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā keiki i nā keiki he 2-6 mau mahina, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano ʻo 3 + 1: e lawelawe ʻia ana ka hana mua ma ka makahiki he 2 mau mahina, a laila e lawelawe ʻia nā pona ʻelua a me ke kolu ma kahi o ka liʻiliʻi 1 mahina ma waena o nā inikua. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana - he kau hoʻokahi i nā makahiki 11-15 mau mahina.

Ke hana ʻia nei ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o nā keiki i hala he mau mahina 2-6 mau mahina, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hoʻoponopono kiaʻi ʻia he 2 + 1: 2 me kahi anelima o 2 mau mahina ma waena o nā lawelawe o ka lawelawe. ʻO ka Revaccination - kahi injection o hoʻokahi pākahi i ke keiki i nā makahiki 11-15 mau mahina.

I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā keiki 7-11 mahina o hoʻokahi makahiki, hoʻohana ʻia kahi papa ʻōlelo lāʻau hoʻoneʻe 2 + 1: 2 me kahi manawa ma ka liʻiliʻi 1 mau mahina ma waena o nā lawelawe. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana - he kau hoʻokahi i nā makahiki 11-15 mau mahina.

Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā keiki i nā makahiki 12-23 mau mahina, e hoʻohana ʻia kahi papa kuhikuhi o 1 + 1: 2 me kahi kikowaena ma waena o nā hana o ka liʻiliʻi o 2 mau mahina.

Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā keiki mai ka 24 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka nui, e hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano hoʻokahi o ka huakaʻi maʻi.

Hōʻike ʻia nā maʻi maʻi 18 makahiki a ʻoi aku i hoʻokahi wahi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ka pono no ka hoʻōla ʻana. ʻO ke kikowaena ma waena o ka hoʻokele waʻa Prevenar 13 a me PPV23 mau mea i kuhikuhi ʻia e like me nā kulekele i hoʻokumu ʻia.

Ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā keaka hua hematopoietic, hōʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi i ka immunization, nona ka 4 dosis o 0.5 ml o Prevenar 13, e like me ke kumumanaʻo 3 + 1. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka inika mua e mālama ʻia mai ka lā 3 a hiki i ka mahina 6 ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana. Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā pōkole ʻelua ʻelua me kahi wē ma waena o nā inikua 1 mahina. ʻO ka Revaccination - hoʻokahi waiʻeono 6 mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻolaki ʻana o ke kolu o ka ʻekolu.

Hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā pēpē i kahi manawa ma mua o ka hoʻolālā 3 + 1. Pono ke lawelawe mua ʻia i ka makahiki 2 mau makahiki, ʻo ke ʻano o ka nui o ke kino o ke keiki. A laila, me kahi 1 o ka mahina ma waena o injections, ke lawelawe hou ʻia nā 2 kau hou o ka Prevenar 13. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka ʻehā (booster) dosis e lawelawe ʻia ma ka makahiki o 12-15 mau mahina.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o Prevenar 13 i ka wā kahiko, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka palekana a me ka immunogenicity o ka lāʻau no kēia ʻōpū o nā maʻi.

Nā hopena hopena

ka manawa pinepine: ma ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili, ka ʻili ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka ʻalani a hiki i 7 cm, ʻeha i nā keiki ʻo 2-5 mau makahiki a ma hope paha o ka hoʻālaʻi ʻana i ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha, ka hiamoe maikaʻi, ka hiamoe ʻole, hoʻemi ʻia ka makemake nui ʻana, ka ʻōpū o ka wā a i ʻole ʻānō nā hōʻeha hou i nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻili, nā mea hoʻoluhi, nā luhi, pōkole (ma nā mea maʻi 18-49 mau makahiki), hyperthermia, irritability,
ka pinepine: ʻeha ma ka wahi ʻoi, ka hopena o ka manawa pōkole o ka nui o ka neʻe o ka wāwae, kahi hoʻonui i ke kino kino o ke kino ma luna o 39 ° C, ka ʻā ʻana a i ʻole ka palalī paha i ka ʻāpana o 2.5-7 cm, hyperemia ma ka pūnaewele injection (i nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau mahina ma hope o ka huina o nā maʻi mua ), ʻauʻau, hoʻoilo, ʻōpā,
ka pinepine: nā hopena i ka wahi i hōʻike ʻia - ʻulaʻula o ke kino, ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻalolilo ʻana i ka ʻalani a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o 7 cm, intolerance pākahi (itching, urticaria, dermatitis), nausea, hōʻino (me ka hoʻopiʻi o nā febrile), lemu.
kuhi: ka hopena i ka wahi o ka maʻi ʻomaʻi - lymphadenopathy, flush, nā hihia o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hypotonic, ke ʻano o ka hypersensitivity (me ka bronchospasm, pōkole o ka hanu, ka edema Quincke me ka hoʻokalakupua ʻana i ka maka a me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe), ka hopena anaphylactic a anaphylactoid (me ka pīhoihoi).
loa loa: lymphadenopathy kūloko, erythema polyforma.

I nā pākeke i kūkulu ʻia a hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻia me ka maʻi pomaococcal polysaccharide 23-valent, ʻaʻohe ʻano nui o ka ulu ʻana o nā hopena ʻino.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Hana ʻia ka pale ʻana i kahi keʻena olakino kūikawā, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā ʻoihana anti-shock. Ma muli o ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hopena anaphylactic ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻia ʻana, pono e nānā ʻia nā kūlana o ka mea maʻi no 0,5 mau hola.

ʻO ka pale ʻana me ka maʻi pneumococcal o kahi pēpē mua i hānau ʻia me kahi makahiki gestational nona ka liʻiliʻi o 37 mau pule he pono no nā pēpē i nā mahina mua o ke ola, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana. No laila, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻopiʻi i ka manawa o ka pale ʻana a hōʻole ʻole iā ia. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kaʻina hana i ka lua o ka hānai ʻana i ka haukapila ma lalo o ka mākaʻi mālama kino o ke ʻano o ke keiki ma loko o 48 mau hola ma hope o ke kanulau.ʻO ke ʻano, ʻehaʻeha o nā hopena post-vaccination a me ka pinepine o kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wā o ka hoʻopailua ʻana o nā pēpē mua loa (me nā pēpē nui loa a me ke kaumaha kino haʻahaʻa loa) ʻaʻole i ʻokoʻa i nā pēpē piha.

Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana me ka Prevenar 13, ʻo ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka hopena ma nā keiki ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā keiki o ka makahiki mua o ke ola.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka wā i / m ka hoʻokele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi me nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana coagulation koko (me ka thrombocytopenia) a i ʻole ia i ka lāʻau anticoagulant. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka hiki ʻana ma kēia ʻano o nā kānaka ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mālama hemostasis a hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou kūlana. Inā loaʻa, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻokō subutaneus o ke kāpena ʻia.

No ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi pneumococcal i loaʻa i nā serotypes, ʻaʻole i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā antigens i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma Prevenar 13, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana i kēia kanulau. ʻO ka pale ʻana o ka pae mua ma nā keiki i lalo o nā makahiki he 2 mai nā pūʻulu kiʻekiʻe e mālama pono ʻia e like me ka makahiki. I ka hihia o ka immunoreactivity maʻi, hiki i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pae o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka antibody.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pale ʻana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo o ka pale mai ka maʻi pneumococcal e hoʻomaka me ka huina 13-valent. ʻAʻole paʻa i ka pono no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. Ke hoʻonui i ka uhi o nā serotypes i kēlā me kēia ma ka hopena kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka hoʻokele ʻana o PPV23 hiki.

ʻO ka pale ʻana o nā keiki i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe (me ka poʻe maʻi me ka anemia cellle, asplenia, maʻi HIV, ka make ʻole ʻana o ka maʻi, ka maʻi maʻi) ma hope o Prevenar 13 hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia e ka lawelawe ʻana iā PPV23 ma hope o 2 mau mahina.

Hoʻomaʻi ʻia nā mea maʻi ma mua o ka PPV23 (hoʻokahi a keu aku paha) a loaʻa i kahi liʻiliʻi loa i hoʻokahi ka wai o ka huakaʻi 13-valent.

I ka Lūkini Lūkini, ke noi ʻia ʻana me ka Prevenar 13 i ʻōlelo ʻia no nā poʻe a pau o ka makahiki he 50, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka poʻe maʻi i pilikia. ʻO kahi mea hoʻopiʻi hou ʻana, hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka PPV23 ma hope o 2 mau mahina.

Noho mau ka pale i ka mahana a hiki i ka 25 ° C no 4 mau lā (i loko o ka lā i manaʻo ʻia no ka pau ʻana). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻikepili e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kauwela wela i ka wā o ka mālama a i ʻole ka hele ʻana. Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka halihali ma kahi mahana o 2-25 ° C no nā lā ʻaʻole 5.

Hoʻohui nūhou

ʻAʻohe ʻikepili e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o Prevenar 13 i ka wā i hoʻoili ʻia ai me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka pneumococcal. Ke hoʻoiho ʻia me Prevenar 13, ʻae ʻia ka pale ʻana me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe inā e lawelawe ʻia ma nā wahi like o ke kino.

I nā keiki i piha ʻo 2 mau mahina a hiki i 5 mau makahiki, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Prevenar 13 me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka pale maʻi immunization o nā keiki i ko lākou mau makahiki mua o ke ola, ka maʻi pāpaʻi (BCG). ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā antigens he ʻāpana o ka monovalent a me nā hui hoʻohui ʻana, e like me tetanus, diphtheria, cell-free a i ʻole ka cell -ussussussuss, polio antigens, Haemophilus influenzae antigens (type b), hepatitis A or B, mumps, measles, rubella, rubella, rubella, rubella, chickenpox nā maʻi a pau, ʻaʻole ke kau ʻia ka nui o ka immunogenicity o Prevenar 13.

ʻO nā keiki me kahi maʻi kūʻē (a me ka mōʻaukala o nā mea hopu febrile), a me ka wā i hoʻolako ʻia me nā kanalima pertussis holoʻokoʻa, nui ka hopena o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hopena febrile. Pono lākou e kāhiko ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau antipyretic.

ʻAʻohe ʻike e pili ana i ka hiki pinepine ʻana o ka Prevenar 13 i nā mea maʻi i nā makahiki 6-17 mau makahiki me ka maʻi maʻi meningococcal conjugated, he kano kūlohelohe e pili ana i ka maʻi papillomavirus kanaka, nā kāpiliʻili kelepona, tetanus, diphtheria a me ka pertussis.

I nā maʻi i hala ʻo 50 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka nui, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kanulau 13-valent i ka hui pū ʻana me ka 3l valent inactivated seasonal flu vaccine (DVT). I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole loli o ka pane mai ka pale i ka kanulau DVT, a ua hoʻi ka pane ʻana mai o ka pale i mua o Prevenar 13.

ʻO nā analogues o Prevenar 13 he Pneumo 23, Prevenar.

Nā hiʻohiʻona Pharmacological

ʻO ka pauna Prevenar 13 kahi mana kahi i loaʻa i nā polysaccharides i hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano streptococcus. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa mai nā kikowaena mua e hiki ai ke noi i nā keiki, a mai nā mahina mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka lua o ka malama o ke ola, me ke kōkua o ke kōkua ʻana i ka maʻi kanō, ua mālama ʻia nā pēpē mai ka maʻi ʻeha e ka maʻi ʻino o ka streptococcal. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā hoʻoponopono huakaʻi like ʻole he pane kū mai i ke ʻano o ka pale me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā antibod i e hana ai i nā serotypes vaccine.

ʻO ka hana pono o ke kōpaʻa ʻana i ka pale ʻana o nā maʻi like ʻole:

Ke lawe nei i ka prophylaxis e kūʻē i nā maʻi invasive (ma USA) i loaʻa ke ʻano pneumococcal, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi i ka 97% o nā hihia.
Me ka prophylaxis e kū'ē i ke ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi pneumonia, ke kumu o nā serotypes o Streptococcus pneumoniae, ka like me ka maʻi kanalima, ʻoi aku ma mua o 87%.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka pauahi i ke keiki mai ʻelua mau mahina a ʻeono mau mahina a mai ka 12 a 15 ka mahina me ka awelika otitis awelika ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana ma muli o nā serotypes o ka pneumococci he 54%.

Mahalo i ka pale ʻana me ka pale ʻana me ka Prevenar 13, ua hāʻule nui ka nui o nā keiki maʻi. A ʻo kēlā mau hihia kaawale i ke hoʻomau ʻana o ka maʻi e hoʻomohala, ua hoʻomau koke, pane maikaʻi ʻia i ka mālama ʻana a ʻaʻole i hui pū ʻia me nā hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi.

Hāʻawi ka hiki o ke kano i kahi hopena pale e pale aku ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi bacterial ma muli o kona ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi:

polysaccharides
ʻaʻano protein
sodium klorida ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai,
waikū succinic
polysorbates.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka hui ʻo Pfizer ʻAmelika. He kikowaena lāʻau lapaʻau nui kēia a me kāna mau lālā i nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau he mea wahaheʻe, kahi e hiki ai ke kuhikuhi ʻia kahi ʻāina o ka hana ʻana o Lūkia a i ʻole ʻolua.

Ala o ke alakaʻi

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Prevenar 13 no ka inikini i hoʻokahi pahu hoʻohana ʻono pūpū.

Hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano maʻi ma kahi inake intramuscular, a no nā keiki ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki he maʻi, ka hana hou ʻia i ka kaha hope o ka ʻāʻī, kokoke i kona mua. No kahi keiki ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki, ua koho ʻia ka uaua deltoid ma ka poʻohiwi ma kahi o ka hoʻokele lapaʻau.

Ma mua o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka syringe me ka emulsion, pono e lūlū pono iā ia i kiʻi i ka hoʻolālā homogeneous. Inā loaʻa nā mea ʻē a nā haole i loko o ka syringe a inā ʻaʻole i kū like ka hiʻohiʻona o ka emulsion i ka laila i manaʻo ʻia, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻike.

Ke kuhikuhi nei i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō i kona injram intramuscular. No ka hōʻoia pono i ka hana kūpono o ke kaʻina hana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻoholo mua i kahi o ka hoʻopuka ʻana a me nā koi kumu no ka hoʻokō o ke kaʻina hana.

Hoʻopili ka mea hana hana i ke kano i loko o nā ʻalā, ka viha, a ʻole e koi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hoʻokele intradermal ma lalo o ka ʻili.

Kūkulu ʻia nā syringe me kahi pono o ka lōʻihi liʻiliʻi. No ka hōʻoia i ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana, pono e hoʻopuka i ka pono holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka ʻalapili o ka ʻiʻo.

He aha ka mea e pale ʻia?

ʻO nā mākua he nui, a ʻo ka poʻe mai nā ʻāpana waiwai o ka heluna, ua lūlū ʻia i nā lāʻau i ka wā ākea a ʻaʻole ʻike i ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi pomaonia. E hoʻohuli i ka mea ʻai lākou, ke ola nei i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, mai hoʻopili i nā maʻi a me nā hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoweliweli iā lākou. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia wale nō ke kumu o ka Prevenar 13 vaccine; ka mea he maikaʻi loa ia ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki ke kūlohelohe i ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi pneumococcal.

ʻO nā maʻi Pneumococcus na huaʻōlelo o ka genus o streptococci, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka nui o nā maʻi pōpilikia.

ʻo ka maʻi pīpī, kahi e hoʻomālamalama ai ka ʻōpū o ka pūpū me ka pālahalaha o ke ʻano o ke ʻano i nā alveoli.
otitis media ma ke ʻano,
ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka meningitis purulent,
endocarditis i ke ʻano o ka mumū o nā membrane naʻau,
pleurisy me ka ʻuwī i ka membrane superficial o ka ʻōpū,
wahīwiki.

I nā keiki, kūkulu ka maʻi pneumococcal i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana ma hope o kekahi maʻi. I kekahi mau hihia, he hopena o ka maʻi nā pneumococcal i ka maʻi neʻe o ka maʻi influenza a i ʻole SARS. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia mau microorganism e hoʻohana pinepine pinepine i kahi exacerbation o ke ʻano maʻi o ka bronchitis a otitis media paha, e pili ana i ka pepeiao waena i loko o kahi ʻano.

Nā ʻano o nā papa hana no ka pale ʻana

ʻO nā ʻōlelo i hoʻopili ʻia i ka lāʻau kano he hāʻawi i kekahi mau papa hana no ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻO nā ʻokoʻa i loko o ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana e hilinaʻi ma kēia mau kūlana:

ʻO ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi e hōʻike ʻia ai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana.
Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi maʻi, no ka mea, he nui ka poʻe ʻepekema e hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā keiki kahiko. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou i hōʻeha ʻia i nā maʻi he nui o ka streptococcal.
Mai nā hōʻailona e loaʻa ana, e like me kahi pūʻulu o ka poʻe, e pono ai ka pale ʻana, e pili ana me ka predisposition i loaʻa i nā ala holomua, ke kumu o ka pneumococci.

ʻO kēlā me kēia papa o nā huakaila he mau hiʻohiʻona nona, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole naʻe he waiwai, akā pono e loaʻa i kahi manaʻo e pili ana iā lākou:

I ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻeono paha mau makahiki, ke alakaʻi ʻia nei ka huakaʻi penei: me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokele wā ʻekolu o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka nānā ʻana i nā waena o ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi mahina. Ua ʻae ʻia no kekahi mau kumu e hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻelua, akā ʻo ka manawa ma waena o lākou e mau i ʻewalu mau mahina. Hoʻopau ʻia ka Revaccination ma waena o 11 a 15 mau mahina.
Inā hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke keiki ma waena o nā makahiki ʻehiku a ʻumikūmākahi mau maka, a laila e mālama ʻia ke kaulua ʻelua me kahi hoʻomaha o hoʻokahi mahina. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hana Revaccination i ka manawa ʻelua.
Ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i hoʻokahi makahiki a hiki i ka 23 mau makahiki e hoʻopili ai, mālama wale ʻia ke kanulau iā 2 mau manawa, a ʻo ka lua - ʻaʻole ia ma mua o ʻelua mau mahina ma hope o ka pale ʻana mua.
Ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki, ke mālama wale ʻia ka maʻi iā hoʻokahi. ʻO kēia ka pepa i mea e maʻalahi ai, no ka poʻe e hele nei i waho, no ka poʻe e hoʻomaka nei e hele i ke kula ma mua a i ʻole hele kula.

No ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i kahi hopena kūpono ʻole i ka pūnaewele injection, hiki ke hoʻopili i kahi laina iodine i ke kino. E like me ke kānāwai, ua nalowale ka ʻeha a me nā hōʻeha ma ka pūnaewele hōʻeha me ka ʻike ʻole ma kahi lā aʻe.

Nā koi huakaʻi

Ke hōʻike nei i ka maʻi kanā, pono e noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau kūlana e hoʻoholo ai i ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka nele o nā hopena o ka hopena.

Hoʻopili mau kēia mau:

Ma mua o ke kaʻina hana a ma hope koke iho o ka pale ʻana i ka kamaʻilio me nā mea maʻi. Mai ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kano i loko o ke kino, ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā puʻupuʻu pale i kekahi manawa, ʻo ka hiki ʻana o kahi maʻi i pau i nā maʻi a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi.
Ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana, hiki i ke pēpē ke hoʻolauna i nā ʻano kīʻaha hou o nā meaʻai hoʻohui i ʻole ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope iho. Kūkā ʻia e kanii kekahi hopena alia i nā huahana maʻamau no ke keiki, ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka lawelawe ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke ʻano o ka kaʻina ma mua o ka hopena pule, kahi e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e hiamoe i ka home (i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hopena koʻikoʻi), a pale pū ʻia hoʻi me ka hoʻopili me nā maʻi.
A manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole e haʻalele i ka hale lapaʻau ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau kano no ka hapalua hola. Mālama iā ʻoe e kiʻi koke i ke kōkua lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoiai i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
Mai makaʻu i ka ʻauʻau kauā, ʻaʻole kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻauʻau ʻauʻau, kahi inā loaʻa kahi maʻi. Inā loaʻa kahi manawa kūpono, a laila e maikaʻi ʻole i ka holoi ʻana i ka pūnaewele injection i ka lā.
Ma hope o ke kaha ʻana i ke keiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele pū me ia i ka hau hou, e kaalo ana i nā wahi ākea a me nā laina e holo nei.

Inā ʻoe e ʻimi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau loa i ka hiki ʻana o nā hopena kūlohelohe o ke kino, me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka microorganism pneumococcal.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kūlana i hāʻawi ʻia mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ka Prevenar 13 ma ke kīhāpai; ʻo ka hoʻopuni i loaʻa i hoʻokahi ngongo syringe i hāʻawi ʻia i ka poʻe wale nō ma ke kumu kūʻai. Me kahi ʻāpana o nā syringes he ʻumi, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana, ʻaʻole ia e kūʻai ʻia ma loko o kahi hale kūʻai, me kahi papa inoa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke kauka. Kuhi ʻia kēlā pēpē no nā keʻena olakino a hāʻawi ʻia me ke kumu ʻike i nā keʻena olakino.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau i mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka lāʻau no ka pahu e loaʻa ana i kahi hoʻokahi syringe o Prevenar 13 i loko o ka nui o ka 0.5 ml he kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke lilo i 1860 mau rubles a keu paha. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ke kanulau e wehewehe ʻia e kona maikaʻi a me ka pale lōʻihi e kū'ē i nā maʻi he nui.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōnaehana o ka huinā

ʻO ka huakaʻi Prevenar 13 he ʻumikumamākolu o ka pneumococcal conjugates (bacterial serotypes) i kēlā me kēia pākaha. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu kūlohelohe he molekue o ka kumu pilikino a he polysaccharides e ka ʻōnaehana kemu. ʻAʻole pili i ka maʻi kanalima i ka nui o nā vaksin ola. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka maʻi o ka maʻi post-vaccine. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka hopena wai ka mea i loaʻa i ka serotypes polysaccharide 1-7, 9, 14, 19, 23, a me ka serotype oligosaccharide 18 a me ka protein lawehana diphtheria.

Ma kahi ʻāpana o ke kanulau pale, aia kekahi mau mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻa a mālama ʻia ka lōʻihi.

kākāka paʻakai alumini,
kaleka
sodium klorida
polimeauwa emulsifier,
wai no ka uliaa.

Kuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lāʻau i ʻAmelika e kahi ʻoihana lapaʻau ʻike kaulana me ka maikaʻi o ke ao holoʻokoʻa ʻo Pfeiffer, a ʻo nā hui hana mea hana kekahi ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe (Russia, Ireland). I ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻo Prevenar 13 kahi wana keʻokeʻo i waiho ʻia i loko o ka syringe hāmeʻa 1.0 ml. Loaʻa i kēlā me nā syringe hoʻokahi hapa hopena o kahi hopena i ka nui o 0,5 ml o ke kahawai. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi lāʻau ponoi a i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ia.

He ka like homogeneous ka wai ʻauʻau. I kekahi manawa ke kau ʻia o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i loko. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēlā mau loli. Hoʻokomo ka pūpū i ka lāʻau huʻu i hoʻokahi syringe me kahi hopena a me ka pono no kahi maʻi hoʻokahi. Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia, ʻelima mau kaʻi ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻōki ʻana i kau ʻia ma ka pā.

No ka mea he aha ka pale?

He nui nā mākua i manaʻo hewa i ka hoʻomake ʻana o ka bakule me Prevenar 13 i ke keiki wale nō i ka maʻi maʻi. Akā ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka pīpī hopohopo o ka ake ʻana, ʻaʻole wale ka hōʻailona no ka koho ʻana i kahi huakaʻi. ʻO ka mua, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka Prevenar 13 i ka pane mai i ka pale mai i ka maʻi pneumococcal. ʻO kēia ʻano o nā mea maʻi baki pathogenic ʻo ia nā kumu kumu hoʻopukapuka o nā maʻi he nui.

pneumonia me ka komo ʻana i ka hana hoʻopihapiha o nā ʻōnaehana alveolar i hoʻokumu ʻia e Streptococcus pneumoniae,
maʻi ʻana o ka pale pleural e uhi ana i ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka pleurisy exudative,
meningitis
ʻOlumitis purulent otitis media o ka pepeiao waena,
ka huhū hui kū hoʻokahi (hoʻokahi a me ka pānaʻi ʻoi aʻe o ka lula a me ka hoʻopili iwi nui o nā wahi like ʻole),
ka hoʻōla o ka ahumanu (ke kuhi o loko o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai) me ka hana ʻino i ka nui o ka pūlima puʻuwai.

I nā pēpē, maʻi pinepine ʻia ka maʻi me Streptococcus pneumoniae e like me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o nā maʻi kumu mua. Ua hōʻike ʻia i nā pēpē i loaʻa koke iā ia ka maʻi maʻi viral respiratory tract. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻo Pneumococci i nā exacerbations o bronchitis maʻi.Hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo Bacteria i loko o ka huehue o nā poʻe maʻi e hōʻeha nei i ka maʻi bronchial a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka papa lāʻau bronchial. Ua hoʻokō ʻo ka poʻe Otolaryngologists e hōʻike i ka maʻi o ka huina o nā maʻi pneumococcal ma hope o ka rhinitis e manaʻo ʻia he kumu maʻamau loa ka ʻekahi.

ʻO nā maʻi o nā kumu pneumococcal he haʻihaʻi loa i nā keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki ʻelima a ʻeono makahiki. I kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā Prevenar a kūkulu i kahi pane kūlohelohe kūpono i ka pneumococci i ke keiki. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻomaikaʻi mua ʻana no nā pēpē. Kēia mea pale pale i hiki ai ke pale aku i ka pale ʻana o ke keiki mai nā ʻano mea ola weliweli hiki ke hoʻomāliʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi make.

Nā Hōʻike Vaks

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka huina Prevenar 13 he mea pale i ke kumu, ʻo ke kumu ka hana e kū aʻe ai i ka pane o ka pale i ka maha o nā serotyp pneumococcal me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka virulence. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kano no ka pale ʻana i nā keiki i hala ʻo 0 a hiki i 5 mau makahiki piha. I nā keiki a me nā pākeke, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ke kanulau no ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka mea mua, mai nā 13 serotypes o ka pneumococcus, ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻoili ʻia i nā pēpē mai ka maʻi kiʻekiʻe.

pēpē pēpē
ua hoʻololi mua nā pēpē i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole,
pēpē hou ma hope o kahi hōʻeha keiki,
nā pēpē o nā mahina mua o ke ola a me nā keiki ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki me nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻoiho ʻana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana,
nā keiki he mau immunocompromised
nā pēpē e hōʻeha pinepine nei i ka SARS a me ka pā,
nā pēpē i hōʻike ʻia me kahi maʻi ʻokoʻa.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pediatricians iā Prevenar e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kahi keiki inā loaʻa iā ia i ARI, otitis media a i ʻole ka maʻi pneumonia. ʻO ka mea ʻo ia mau maʻi e hōʻoia nei i ke kūpaʻa o ka maʻi pneumococcal i ke kino. No laila, ʻaʻole koke koke ʻia ka pale ʻana. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana me kēia ʻano pahuhopu e like me ka hoʻolālā ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ke keiki a ma lalo o ka nānā o kahi kauka.

Ke hoʻokokoke nei ka nānā ʻana i ka inoculation koʻikoʻi kahi hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pane kūloi kūpono. E aʻo pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻike anamnestic o ka pēpē a hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka hōʻeha o ka hoʻopiʻi ma hope o ka pale ʻana i loko ona. No ka laʻana, i nā mea maʻi me ka immunodeficiency o ka congenital a me ke ʻano, he nawaliwali ka hopena post-vue a me ka lawa ʻole e hoʻokumu i ka pale piha ʻana i ka maʻi pneumococcal.

No nā pākeke, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ke kanulau o Prevenar 13 ma muli o kāna haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Akā aia nā koho no nā hihia lapaʻau i ʻole ʻoe e hōʻole i ka pale ʻana. Loaʻa i kahi pūʻulu koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe kekahi mau māhele o ka heluna kanaka:

mau makahiki makua ma hope o 65 makahiki,
ʻO nā maʻi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi āpau o nā makahiki āpau,
nā mea maʻi me nā pathologies decompensated, variants paʻakikī o ka papa o nā pathologies endocrine, nā puka nui o ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻole a me ka maʻi puʻuwai,
nā kānaka e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi koko
poʻe e helu mau nei i nā wahi me ka lehulehu nui o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe,
limahana hana maʻi.

I kekahi hihia, ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hopena, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻomanawanui ʻia e ke kanaka me ka nānā ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi e hoʻoholo ai i nā hōʻailona a me nā contraindications no ka pale ʻana i Prevenar.

Inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻole ʻana iā Prevenar?

Ka kaulana ka Prevenar vaccine no ka liʻiliʻi o nā contraindications. Pono e haʻalele ʻia ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona:

ka holomua ʻana o kēlā me kēia mea a i ʻole nā mea nui o ka lāʻau Prevenar,
ka heleʻana i ka mōʻaukala o ka ʻikepili i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi pākē ma hope o ka hoʻokele mua ʻana o ka hopena o Prevenar 13,
ʻo nā maʻi ʻōpiopio e like me ka wapo, ka nui a me ka ʻulaʻula a hiki i ke ʻano o nā maʻi i pau ʻole.
ke hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ke kino o ke keiki i ke kūʻē o ka ARVI a i ʻole ka maʻi influenza,
ka ʻala o ka ʻĀlelo e kūleʻa,
infauterine maʻi ʻana o ka pēpē,
maʻi maʻamau o ke kino (HIV)
ka ulu ʻana o kekahi maʻi maʻi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke kanulau, e pololei e hōʻike i ke keiki i kekahi loiloi maʻi maʻi. Mai wikiwiki e hoʻohua i nā mākua o ka pēpē i ʻokiʻoki ʻia ai kona mau niho, dysbiosis a i ʻole ke kaumaha. Hoʻopilikia kēia mau mea āpau i ka pale ʻana a hōʻemi i ka hana o nā pānaʻi pale mai ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o Previnar suspension. Hoʻohui hou kekahi hopena ma ke ʻano o kahi huina o nā pathogens attenuated e hoʻonāukiuki i ke kiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻonāukiuki i ke ʻano o nā hoʻopiʻi.

Nā ʻōlelo kūkākūkā nui nui

Ke hōʻike nei nā ʻōkuhi e pono e hoʻokele ʻia ʻo ka Prevenar vaccine wale nō i loko o kahi hale pule a i kahi keʻena mālama pilikino kahi i ʻae ʻia e hana ai i kahi ʻano lapaʻau like like. Kuhi ʻia nā keiki mai nā pūʻulu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohana ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huina unahi Prevenar 13, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka paʻi hermetic.

E lulu maikaʻi ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi pāʻina anti-pneumococcal e hōʻalo i ka hoʻokūkū hiki. Ka pāpā ʻia i ke kīleʻa i ka hala o ka Prevenar 13, a me kahi hopena heterogeneous nō hoʻi ka ʻahuʻula ʻole keʻokeʻo. Ma ka hana o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka maʻi pale nui, he mea nui ia e pili pono i nā lula kumu e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻapaʻa ʻia me Prevenar, me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano pili pili makahiki.

Ua kūpono ʻo ia i kahi kaupaona paʻa me ka paʻa pono no ka hoʻohana ʻana no ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope o kāna hana ʻana. E mālama pono i ka lāʻau i loko o ka friji i ka mahana o 2 a 8 8 C. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noi ʻana no ke kūʻai ʻana o Prevenar ma nā wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā rula o ka hoʻolaha a me nā ʻōlelo ʻōlelo

Hāʻawi ʻia ke kano Prevenar intramuscularly. Wahi a nā maʻi a me ke ʻano o ke keiki, e mālama ʻia ka hoʻonā ʻana ma nā wahi like ʻole. Manaʻo ʻia nā keiki ma lalo o ka 24 mau makahiki e lawelawe i ka pale i nā wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā hopena nerve a me nā kiko adipose. Pale kēia i ka hoʻihoʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka wai grafting. ʻO kahi pūnaewele kūpono injection i kēia makahiki ʻo ka ʻāʻī anterolateral. No nā keiki i ʻoi aku o 2 mau makahiki ke kau ʻia, e hoʻonā ʻia ai ka hopena o ka pūnaehana deltoid e waiho ana i ka wahi o ka poʻohiwi.

Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā maʻi pneumococcal i ka lāʻau kōʻai ʻana i ka wai. Inā pono e hoʻomohala i kahi pane mai ka nui o nā maʻi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, a ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻana o ke keiki e hāʻawi ʻia i nā lāʻau antipyretic no nā kumu prophylactic. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai ke pale i kahi piʻi ʻana o ka mahana i loko o ke pēpē a pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hopena hyperthermic.

ʻAʻole pono ka pale ʻana o ka Prevenar i nā ʻōpū. ʻO ka mea kūikawā loa, e pōhaku ai i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. Hōʻeha nā moʻomeheu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena o ka hoʻopili pili ʻia me kahi lesion i ka wā maʻi sciatic nerve. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka pīpī e hoʻokele ʻia me ka make.

Puhi papa lāʻau

Hoʻolaha ʻia ka pume Prevenar i kekahi mau manawa. ʻO ka lōʻihi a me ka helu o nā interval i pili i nā ʻano makahiki o nā mea maʻi. E like me nā kānāwai e ʻae ʻia ana, nānā ʻia nā pēpē mai nā makahiki he 60 i ka nānā ʻana i kēia hana:

no nā keiki i hala 2-6 mau mahina, e hāʻawi ʻia ka nui o nā inikua mua ʻekolu (ʻo ka palena ma waena o nā inikina he 30 mau lā), a ua kau ʻia ka hoʻolālā hou hou ʻana ma kahi o 15 mau mahina.
Hana ʻia nā pēpē ma hope o ʻeono mau mahina a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki ke loaʻa ke kano ʻekolu mau manawa e like me ka papa hana: penei ka lōʻihi ma waena o nā inikua mua a me ka lua ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina, a hana ʻia ke kolu ʻekolu i nā malama 24.
no nā pēpē mai ka hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha makahiki a me ke hoʻomaka mua ʻana, ua lawa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻelua o nā pui. I kēia hihia, hana ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana ma mua o 8 mau pule,
Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Prevenar vakser i hoʻokahi manawa maʻamau ke kauā keiki i nā keiki o nā makahiki mua o 2 mau makahiki (2 a 5).

ʻAʻole hoʻonui nā kauka i ka pinepine o ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi inā huakaʻi ka lōʻihi ma waena o nā pōʻai huakaʻi no ka maʻi o ke pēpē. Hana ʻia ke ʻano pale intramuscularly. Loaʻa nā keiki ma lalo o ʻelua mau makahiki he Prevenar 13 ma ka ʻōpū. Hāʻawi ʻia nā keiki mai ka ʻelua a ʻelima mau makahiki i kahi injection i loko o ka uaua brachial. Inā pau ka hana ʻana i ke koko a ke keiki, a laila ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻole i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, a kau i ka subcutaneously.

Inā hoʻomaka ka papa huakaʻi me ka vaksia Prevenar, a laila hana wale ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka kūkā ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole ulu nā antibodies i ka maʻi pneumococcal e loaʻa i loko o nā nui. I ka wā mua o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana me Prevenar a i ʻole Prevenar 7, inā pono maoli, hiki ke loli i ke kano me ka Prevenar-13 i hōʻike ʻia. ʻAʻole pili kēia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā antibodies ikaika i ka serum o ke koko mea maʻi.

ʻO ka makeʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he 0.5 milliliters o ka hoʻonā. No nā keiki me nā makahiki, ʻaʻole e loli kēia nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai he mea mau nō ia. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia lemona o ka kūmole prophylactic i loko o kahi syringe i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui o ka wai i nā mea lawe ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i loko o ke kino pololei mai ka syringe.

Ma hope koke o ke kaʻina hana, ʻike ʻia ke keiki e noho ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o nā limahana olakino no kahi 30 mau minuke. Pono kēia i ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i ka manawa kūpono o ka hopena koke (anaphylaxis, angioedema) a ma kēia hihia, ke kōkua olakino e hoʻopakele i nā ola. Pono e hānai ʻia nā pēpē i ʻekolu mau lā ma muli o ka pilikia o ka apnea i loko o lākou. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā keiki no ka pau ʻana o ka pale mua ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha.

Hoʻomoe no ke kaʻina hana

ʻAʻole pono ka lāʻau maʻi i ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawā ma mua o ka hoʻokele ʻana. Hana ia i ka manawa e hoʻopili ai nā mākua i ke pēpē, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka contraindications i ka pau ʻana. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana, hana ka loea i kahi nānā kikoʻī o ka mea maʻi. He ana ʻo ia i kona mahana, ke waiho ʻole ʻana i nā hanana catarrhal. Ma hope o kēia, hele ka pēpē i ka lumi hoʻoponopono, kahi e ʻike ai ka hoʻōla.

I kekahi mau manawa e aʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i kahi kaila koko nui ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana e hoʻoholo ai i nā māka o ka latent (asymptomatic) hana maʻi. ʻO kekahi kano i kapa ʻia ʻo Prevenar 13 kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau allergenic. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia no nā lā ʻekolu, e hāʻawi ʻia ke keiki i kahi antihistamine e like me ke kuhikuhi a ke kauka.

Nā hopena hopena

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka pale maʻi e nā maʻi. Akā aia mau manawa kaʻawale i nā lula. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka immunization ke kumu no ke ʻano o nā hopena atypical, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana e pono ai ka mālama kūikawā. Pono nā mākua e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka maʻi ma hope e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hopohopo.

Pehea e ʻike ai i nā hopena ʻino?

ʻO ke kano Prevenar he ʻano paʻakikī o ka serotypes o nā microorganisms o ka ʻōkuhi Streptococcus pneumoniae. Me kāna kōkua, mālama ke kino i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā antibodies i kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi pneumococcal. ʻO ke kaʻina hana like he nui ke kaumaha o ka ʻōnaehana pale. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi maʻi huakaʻi me ia e hele pū me ka hoʻohālikelike, ka lua a me ka ʻae ʻia.

Loaʻa nā kūlana i ʻae ʻia i ka wā hoʻōla i:

ʻili ʻia nā mālamalama liʻiliʻi ma ka pūnaewele injection
pāwili wīwī palupalu i ka pūnaewele injection,
hoʻonui i nā waiwai hoʻemi ma mua o 37.6 0 C,
lethargy a me ka manaʻoʻole no ka lā hoʻokahi,
ka manawa pōkole o ka makemake ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana,
nā moʻo'ōwili maʻalahi e pili ana me ka hyperthermia,
ka hoʻomaha ʻole a me ka waimaka.

Pau kēia mau hōʻailona āpau i ka lākou moea i kekahi mau hola. ʻAʻole lākou e koi i ke komo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻole ia ke kumu no ka hopohopo kūikawā ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pākeke. I kēia manawa, pono e nānā i ka pēpē. Hāʻawi iā iā i nā mea no ka maluhia a me ka maikaʻi no kona noho ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kaupalena i nā pilina me nā keiki ʻē aʻe, e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa i loko o kahi ea hoʻomaha i ka ea hou, a me ka mālama i nā lawelawe mahana wela o ke kino.

ʻO ka pinepine loa, o ka kaila, ka pīhoihoi, a me ka digestive tract o ke pēpē e hōʻeha nei i ka maʻi. I waena o nā hopena ponoʻole i ka hopena o ka Prevenar 13, aia paha nā kūlana pathological:

hoʻonui ke kaulike i 39 0 C, i ka manawa e hāʻawi ai ke keiki i kahi ʻaina antipyretic (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen),
hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka huhū a me ka waimaka me ke kōkua o nā mea hoʻonā ma ke ʻano maoli, i hāpai ʻia e ke kauka,
inā loaʻa kahi hopena koʻikoʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana ma ka pūnaewele injection, e aʻo ʻia e hoʻoneʻeneʻe i ka wahi me ka ʻaila me ka hopena anti-inflammatory e like me Traumeel, Troxivazin,
me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi ʻana me ka uwe ʻole i kekahi manawa, e hāʻawi ʻia i ke keiki i nā adsorbents,
Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka i ka mālama ʻana i ka pohihihi infiltrative oi aku ma mua o 7 cm ma kahi pūnaewele hoʻonāulu me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻoluʻolu.

ʻOi pinepine mau, ulu nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ka wā o ka pale ʻana i ka mua. I ka wā e puka mai ai, mai kānalua ʻoe me ka manawa a kāhea koke i ke kauka. ʻO ka nele o ka pane ʻana i ka pākeke me ka helehelena o nā hōʻailona pathological e lilo i kahi pilikia maoli a hoʻopau i nā hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka manawa hana ma hope.

Nā hopena

Hōʻike nā hopena i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o Prevenar i nā maʻi maʻi kiʻekiʻe e pili nui ana i nā maʻi allergy. Hoʻokumu pinepine nā hoʻopiʻi ma muli o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kahi maʻi i hala ʻia, ka maikaʻi o nā mea i kū ʻole i ka haʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole e ʻike ʻia i nā keiki me nā mea hōʻike e pili ana i ka mumū, immunodeficiency, pathologies kroni i ka manawa o ka exacerbation.

ʻO ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā antibodies e hele i ka pneumoniae streptococcus i ke koko ke alakaʻi i nā hopena hope aʻe:

i nā keiki ma lalo o ka 5 mau makahiki o lākou, aia kekahi manawa mākaukau e hōʻoia ʻia a i ʻole paha he nui o ka hopu ʻana,
ʻoi pinepine ka maʻi i ka maʻi me ka maʻi hānai, e like me nā hōʻailona mua o kahi anuanu a i ʻole ka maʻi,
hyperreaction koke ma ke ano o ka anaphylactic puhoi, Quincke edema, a me ke ano kulana o allergy me ke kala a me ka hoē ma nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino,
ka hoʻohalike ʻana o ke he ohe ma ka pūnaewele injection me ka hoe ʻana o nā ʻāpana pili, ʻeha a me ka ʻeha nui.

Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho i nā hopena makemake ʻole

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia me Prevenar, ua manaʻo ʻia e lilo kekahi hapalua hola i loko o nā paia o ka haukapila i ʻole e hala i ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā hōʻike pathological o ke kaʻina hana. Eia hou, koi nā kauka i ka mālama home ma luna o ke olakino o nā kolo. Inā hele kekahi o nā hoʻololi, pono ia e kipa me ke kipa kūkākūkā ʻana me kekahi loea. Inā ʻinoʻino ke ʻano o ke pēpē, pono ʻoe e kāhea koke i kekahi mau kauka i ka hale.

Ma hope o ka pāpā ʻana, pono e mālama i nā rula laulā e pili ana i nā maʻi āpau.

ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale i nā kaʻina wai (he ʻae wale nō nā mākele pōkole),
E hōʻole i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā huahana hou i loko o ka papa ʻaʻai a ke keiki ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ka paʻi ʻana a me kahi hebedoma ma hope o ka Prevenar 13,
hoʻohana i nā antipyretics no ke kuni,
ka hōʻailona ʻana o ka hopena hypersensitive kahi hōʻailona no ka koho ʻana i nā ʻano hana antihistamine,
ʻekolu lā ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻia ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa i nā lumi ākea a me nā wahi e ʻike ai i nā mea ākea e hiki ke hele mai.
pono ia e hoʻolilo i ka manawa ma ke alanui, akā ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopale i kahi kino nāwaliwali i ka hoʻoikaika kino kino.

ʻAʻole hiki ke uhi ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia paha ka pūnaewele pakanā me nā hoʻonā antiseptic. Lā ʻia ka lawe ʻana me kēia mau pōpoki penei:

hana me nā hoʻonā waiʻona, potassium permanganate, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōhua a me nā mea like,
hoʻopili i nā lotion, nā mea kanu lāʻau, ka ʻaina mahana o ka Prevenar 13 kahua ākea,
e uhi i ka hāleʻa me ka palaki a i ʻole ke kāʻei lole.

Hiki i ke kino ke hana kūʻokoʻa me ka pane o ka pale i makemake ʻia me ka ʻole pono o pono.No laila, ʻo nā hana e hoʻoulu ai i ke kaʻina hana hiki ke hōʻake i ka papa maʻamau o kēia hanana a alakaʻi i nā hopena hoʻi ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā e hoʻolohe nā mākua i nā ʻōlelo aʻo a pau o nā immunologists a nānā i nā kikowaena ma waena o nā kaʻina hana. A laila e hilinaʻi lākou i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kaona maoli kiʻekiʻe.

Koi Koho Pūnaewele

Inā kūpono, hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻololi i ka nūnū Prevenar 13 me kekahi o kāna mau kikowaena. ʻAʻole haʻahaʻa loa kēia mau lāʻau i ka hana kūpono a hoʻoulu i kahi pane ʻana. Kahi o nā punahele kūmole loa i loaʻa i:

ʻO Pneumo-23 kahi līlika Farani kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke pale aku i kekahi o nā maʻi o ka etiology o ka pneumococcal. Loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā syringes. Hiki ke hoʻohui pū ʻia ke kanulau me ka DTP a me ka kano polio. ʻO ka Pneumo-23 kahi koho palekana i nā keiki e maʻi ana mai ka hyperglycemia. ʻO kona hemahema ʻo ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiki ke hoʻohana no nā keiki i ʻekolu makahiki.
ʻO Sinflorix kahi lāʻau lapaʻau home e loaʻa ana i nā serotypes 10. Hāʻawi ʻia ke kano lima mai ka mahina ʻo 1,5 mau mahina. Kēia ʻia i loko o kahi pākahi pālua hoʻokahi me ka maʻi hoʻokahi no kekahi kaʻina hana. ʻO ka manawa ma waena o nā inikini mai ka maʻi pneumococcal e lilo i mahina.
Pneumovax 23 - kuhikuhi ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki ma hope o 2 mau mahina. Hoʻohui ʻia 23 serotypes o kahi kuʻuna infectious. ʻO nā mea kūponoʻole ka nui o ka hopena o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana.