ʻO ka nānāʻana i ka ultrasound (ultrasound) o ka pancreas

Aia ka pancreas ma hope o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a me ka colon transverse, ma lalo a ma hope o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ka mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻaha o ka palpation e ke kauka. Hiki iā ʻoe ke palpate a i ʻole i nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe ke ʻano wale nō inā ke hele me kahi kaʻula pili me ia, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui a e loli paha i kona ʻano. Hoʻopau pū ʻia kēia ʻano e ke kiʻi haukaʻi pololei a ʻike koke ke kauka hiki i kahi pilikia a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano he loiloi pono ʻia.

No laila, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ultrasound paha ʻo ke ala palekana a ʻoi loa ka maʻi diagnostic e hoʻopuka ai i nā kiʻi o nā ʻāpana kūloko o ke kino, i ka pihi pancreas, e hoʻohana ana i nā nalu kani. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ultrasound, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nānā ʻana a me ka sonication ultrasound, e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi pā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (transducer) a me ka gel ultrasound, kahi e kau ai ke kauka ma ka ʻili o kahi mea kikowaena a i ʻole ʻōnaehana i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua ponoʻī iho. ʻO nā nalu hāneʻe kiʻekiʻe hoʻāla ʻia i hoʻouna ʻia mai ka probe ma o ke kino ke kino. ʻO ka transducer e hōʻiliʻili i nā leo e hoʻi mai, a hoʻohana ka kamepiula i kēia mau kani kani e hana i kahi kiʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā hoʻokolohua ultrasound i ka radiation ionizing (e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana ma X-hihi), no laila, ʻaʻohe ka hopena o ka radiation i ka mea maʻi. ʻOiai ke kākau ʻia nā kiʻi ultrasound i ka manawa maoli, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike i ke ʻano a ma ka manawa like ke hoʻopaʻa nei i ka neʻe ʻana o nā wahī o loko, a me ke koko e kahe ana ma o nā kīʻaha koko.

Ke aʻo nei i nā mea lapaʻau non-invasive kūpono loa no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pancreas, ka mea e hōʻike ai i ke kino i nā manawa like ʻole, e loiloi i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano i loko o kēlā me kēia neʻe, a i kēlā me kēia manawa. Kōkua ia i ka poʻe lapaʻau, nā mea lapaʻau, oncologists, pediatricians, gastroenterologists a me nā kauka he nui i ka manawa e hoʻonā a maʻi ai i nā kaʻina holomua o ka pancreas.

Nā hōʻailona lapaʻau a me nā hōʻailona, e like me ke ʻeha, ke kaumaha ʻana, ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻili, ka maʻi ʻeha, ka ʻaʻa ʻana, ka ʻaʻa ʻana, a i ʻole diabetes mellitus, pono paha ke nānā pono i ka pancreas. ʻO ka ʻeha ma mua o ka ʻōpū o ka epigastric a i ʻole hema hema paha o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻihoʻi aku. ʻO ka hoʻolilo ʻana o ke kaumaha, jaundice a me ka maʻi diabetes hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kaʻina hōʻeha i ka pancreas. Hiki i ka paona ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kani paʻa (ductal adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors) a me nā cystic (serous a mucinous neoplasms, solid pseudopapillary) mau tumors. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka palaki pancreatic, e like me ka maʻi a maʻi paha, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka kānalua o ka maʻi pancreatitis, a me ka maʻi hoʻomāhuʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi gallstone. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kahi ʻeha koʻikoʻi i ka mesogastric, e hāʻawi ana i ke kua, ʻo ka pinepine ke hōʻike nei i ka maʻi pancreatitis maʻa. ʻO ka nānāʻana i ka ultrasound ke hana koʻikoʻi i ka hopena o ke ʻano o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, i ka nānā ʻana o ka maʻi pancreatitis, a i ʻole e nānā i ke ʻano o ka pancreas i ka wā mālama.

ʻO ka anatomy Pancreas

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka pancreas i kahi pākeke ke kaupaona ʻana he ʻumikumamāwalu grika, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka ʻumikumamāhā o ka ʻumikumamāwalu ʻumikūmū sentimeter, ka laulā o ʻekolu a i ka ʻeiwa a me ka mānoanoa o ka nui a i ka ʻekolu kenimita.

Aia ka pancreas ma ka kikowaena retroperitoneal, ma ka wahi epigastric, ma ka pae o ka pae mua a me ka lua o ka vert lumbar, a he ʻano oblong paha, kahi kokoke i kahi e kipa ana i ka waena waena. Me nā ala āpau i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka ultrasound, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa i ke apo like-kiʻi, ke kuahiwi, ka hoʻokaʻawale, nā ʻano hou a i pālua paha i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā ʻaoʻao nui o ka pancreas ke poʻo, ke kino ma ka waena a me ka huelo, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema hema. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi loa o ka pancreas ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka waena waena, a ʻo ka huelo ma kahi o ka splenic muscle ka mea maʻamau ma luna o ka poʻo. ʻO ke ʻano paʻakikī o ka pancreas a me kona kokoke i nā kūkulu kokoke i hiki iā ia ke paʻakikī ke ʻike, akā hiki i nā kauka ultrasound mākia ke hoʻohana i nā kūkulu kūʻai e hoʻoholo ai i kekahi mau palena o ka pancreas. Penei o ka laʻana, ke poʻo a me ke kino o ka pancreas aia ma lalo o ke ake, i mua o ka mahele o ka vena cava a aorta, kahi e kū pono ma hope o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū. Ma nā kihi hema hema, aia ka lālā o ka pancreas ma lalo o ka manakia a, e like me, ma luna o ka lālā hema.

Ke nānā nei ka pancreas i nā kaila liʻiliʻi e hana ana i nā enzyme no ka hoʻohaʻawa ʻana, a me nā ʻāpana pancreatic e huna ai i kahi hormon nui, insulin, i ke kahe koko. ʻO ia ka mea e hiki ai i ka ikehu ke komo i loko o kēlā me kēia sela o ke kino o ke kanaka a ua hoʻoikaika nui i ka ʻaila metabolism. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā ʻenehana Digestive a i ʻole ka pancreatic wai i loko o ke kaʻina hana a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai i loko o ka duodenum.

Nā hōʻailona no ka ultrasound

ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound o ka pancreas i loko o ka noi ʻana piha o nā ʻōpū āpau o ka pūpū o ka ʻōpū. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, pili pono ia i nā hana o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, ma o ka nui o ke ate. ʻO ka hōʻailona no ke aʻo ʻana kekahi ʻano pathological o ke kaomi kūwili. Hiki i nā maʻi he nui me ka latent a hoʻopau ʻole i nā hōʻailona kauka. No laila, hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, pono ia e hoʻokau i ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound o ka puʻu ʻōpū, no ka neʻe mua ʻana i nā maʻi he nui.

ʻO nā kūlana maʻamau loa i hōʻike ʻia kahi scan ultrasound:

me ka lōʻihi o ka hōʻeha ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻeha, nā ʻeha ʻole ma ka ʻōpū o luna a i ʻole ka hypochondrium hema.
nā mānoanoa o ka paia o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻehaʻāina kūloko ma nā wahi epigastric, i ʻike ʻia e ka palpation,
ka hū pinepine ʻana i ka maʻi (flatulence), hoʻomehana a me ka lua, ʻaʻole e hāʻawi i ka hoʻomaha.
nā ʻōpū (ke keʻa stool), constipation, ke nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻai i ka feces,
ka hiki ʻana o ke ea subfebrile no ka manawa lōʻihi,
ke nānā? ana o kahi mea maʻi i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, kahi hewa o nā parameter laboratorium mai ke kumu maʻamau.
me ka piʻi nui ʻana o ke kō koko koko nui a me ke emi ʻole ʻana i ke kaumaha o ke kino,
ma hope o kahi x-ray o nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā loli i ka nui, ka ʻano, ka hoʻonohonoho, ka hakakā, contour, detection o ka pneumatosis o ka pancreas,
me ka manaʻo o ke kuʻi ʻana o ka pōkō, ka ʻūpopeke, nā hematoma, nā pōhaku, ka mea i helo ʻole i ka aʻe.

Pēlā nō hoʻi, he hana ultrasound i hana ʻia no nā syndromes jaundice, duodenitis, kanesa, maʻi maʻi gallstone. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā ʻeha hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū a me nā hoʻokolohua koho.

Mākaukau hoʻomākaukau ʻana

Hiki i ka ultrasound o ka pancreas ke hana maʻamau a i ka pilikia paha i loko o nā maʻi ʻoaka. Ke lawe nei i kahi hana hoʻolālā, pono e nānā i kekahi mau lula a hoʻomākaukau no kēia kaʻina hana. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka pilikia nui loa me ka ultrasound ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ea ma nā ʻōpihi hollow ʻokoʻa. ʻO ia ka mea e hiki ke hōʻole i kahi noi kiko kikoʻī, hoʻokaʻawale i ke nānā maka a kau aku iā ia i ka maʻi hewa o ka maʻi. Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka i kahi maʻi o nā pancreas, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke kakahiaka. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma kēia hapa o ka lā, e nānā ana i nā lula a me nā ʻōlelo hoʻolālā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena kūpono loa.

Ke hoʻolālā nei i kahi maʻi maʻi, pono ʻoe e hele i ka kīnā ʻai i ʻekolu lā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana. Manaʻo ʻia e haʻalele i nā meaʻai e loaʻa ai ka fermentation a me ka puhipuhi ʻana i nā ʻōpū, ʻaʻole e ʻai i nā meaʻai i momona a me ka waiū piha. I kahi lā ma mua o ka aʻo ʻana, pono ʻia e lawe i ka laxative e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpū a me nā puʻuwai. I loko o ʻumikūmālua mau hola ma mua o ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound hoʻolālā, pono ia e pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai, ke kāpae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka uahi hoʻi ua pāpā ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i nā ʻala ʻala, ʻoiai lākou ke hoʻoiho i ka hoʻomohala ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke pili i kēia i nā hopena a hoʻomāinoino ʻia ka ʻike ʻana i ke kaona.

Me nā hōʻike pōpilikia no ka ultrasound o ka pancreas, ʻaʻole pono ka mea maʻi e hoʻomākaukau. Akā hiki ke hōʻemi i kēia mau haʻawina e pili ana i ka 40 pakeneka.

ʻO ke kaila ultrasound pancreas

ʻO ka sonication pancreatic kahi maʻi hōʻeha ʻole a ʻike nui, nā kaʻina hana no ka hapa nui o nā maʻi. Eia kekahi, pono ka manawa liʻiliʻi - e pili ana i nā minuke he ʻumi. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻōpū mai nā lole, aia ma kēia wahi e noi ai ke kauka i kahi kohu kūikawā i kapa ʻia he gel media. A laila e hoʻokō i kahi hoʻokolohua me kahi sensor ultrasound. Pono ka mea maʻi e moe mālie, ma mua o kona kua, a ma hope, me ka ʻae ʻana o ke kauka, e huli ma kona ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me kona hema hema e nānā ai i ka pancreas mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau. Ke nānā aku nei ke kauka ultrasound i ka likona e mālama ana i ka hanu ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka hanu ʻoluʻolu o ka mea maʻi. Pono ʻo ia e hoʻoholo i nā hopena o ka maʻi a hāʻawi i ka mea maʻi i ka hopena paʻa a me nā kiʻi o nā pancreas ma kona mau lima.

Ma loko o kēia kaʻina hana, pili ʻia ke kūlana o ka pancreas e pili ana i nā moku a me ka kolone o ka pōkole, ke ʻano o ka ʻano o nā papa pancreatic a me ka pulipi, ʻo ia ke ʻano a me ka nui.

Hiki ke ʻike koke ke kauka i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai ke kipi a palau paha, inā i loaʻa nā hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, inā he ʻōlaola nā maʻi a ʻaʻole paha, i nā ʻano pathological, cysts a me nā pseudocysts.

Inā hele ka lolo maʻi i ka manawa lōʻihi, a laila hiki i ka pancreas ke hoʻonui nui loa i ka nui, hiki i nā ʻāpana scar ke ulu, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā momona, a lilo ka nui o nā kāʻene o loko e lilo i ka nui, a hoʻonui ʻia ka echogenicity o nā aila.

ʻO ka pancreas olakino

I ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound, ʻike pinepine ke kauka i kahi "ʻoihana like ʻole", S ʻano ʻano like o ka pancreas, e mālamalama a hiki i nā kihi, loaʻa i kahi ʻano homogeneous, i kālai ʻia a i ʻole kohu ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Wirsung duct e hoʻonui ʻia (maʻamau - 1.5-2.5 mm). ʻIke ʻia me ka pīhoihoi hypoechoic manawaleʻa a hiki ke emi i ka hiʻi ma ka huelo, a lilo i nui ma ka wahi o ke poʻo o ka kihi.

Hoʻololi ka nui o ko mākou kino ma muli o ka makahiki a me ke kaumaha o ke kino o nā mea maʻi, me nā ʻokoʻa like o nā momona. ʻO ka ʻoi aku o ka mea nui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lā ma a me ka nui echogenic i ka wā e nānā ai. Ua hoʻokele ʻia kahi hōʻike ma kahi o 50% o nā kānaka i hoʻonui i ka echogenicity o ka pancreas i hoʻonui ʻia, a i loko o nā keiki, ke kue, ua hōʻemi ʻia. ʻO kahi hōʻailona o kahi pancreas olakino kona ʻano homogeneous.

I ka pākeke, hiki i kona nui o ke poʻo o ka papa ma ka 18 a hiki i 30 milimita, ke kino mai 10 a 22 22 mika, a me ka huelo mai 20 a 30 30 milimita. I nā keiki, nā mea āpau e hilinaʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha a me ke makahiki o ke keiki: ke kino mai 7 a 14 mm, ke poʻo o ke aniani mai ka 12 a 21 mm, a ʻo ka huelo mai 11 a 25 mm.

Me ka pancreatitis

ʻO ka pancreatitis kahi maʻi ka maʻi o ka pancreas a hiki ke maʻalahi e ka ʻike ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ka ultrasound. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia maʻi e hoʻopilikia nui ana i ka palupalu, ka nui, ka palena o ka nui o ka aila. E puka ana ka maʻi i kekahi mau manawa a ʻo kēlā me kēia papa e loaʻa nā ʻano pono.

ʻO ka pancreatitis he helu piha, kīlā, mahele ʻāpana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai kēlā me kēia ma o ka wehewehe ʻana i ka echogenicity o ke kino. Hiki i ka loli i ka echogenicity i loko o ke kīʻaha holoʻokoʻa, a aia wale nō i loko o kona ʻāpana.

I ka mua, e hoʻoikaika nui ka pancreas i ka nui, e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā contours, a hoʻonui aku ka laha waena. Ke hoʻonui nei ka lula, e hōʻono ʻia ka hoʻokahe ʻana o nā moku nui a e hoʻopau ʻia ka mea ʻai o nā ʻiʻo e pili ana me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka echogenicity i loko o lākou. E hoʻonui hou ʻia ka puʻuwai a me ka pāpū.

I nā hopena hope loa o kēia maʻi koʻikoʻi, hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono i kahi kauka i ʻike ʻia i ka wā e holomua ana ka ʻōpū o ka necrotic, e hōʻolo nā kumulima o nā lālā, aia paha nā pseudocysts a i ʻole foci me nā abscesses i loko o ka pā.

Me nā maʻi ʻo benign a me nā hōʻeha

Nui nā ʻano he neoplasms benign. ʻO kēia nā insulilomas, gastrinomas, e hoʻolālā ana i nā pūnaewele o nā pūnaehana endocrine. Hoʻokumu nā lipomas a me nā fibromas mai nā hono hoʻohui. Aia hoʻi kekahi puʻu o kahi ʻano i hui ʻia, e like me neurofibroma, hemangioma, neurinoma, adenoma, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

He mea paʻakikī loa ke kānalua iā lākou me ka ultrasound. ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻona ka loli a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka aila.

ʻO kahi neoplasm hikiʻole ke ʻano o kahi hypoechoic vascularized poina a i ʻole ka mana oval me ke ʻano echo-heterogeneous. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ke kanikili ma ka huakaʻi o ka hiʻona, kahi paʻakikī ʻo ka paʻakikī. Ke hoʻopili ʻia ke poʻo, ʻo ka hōʻailona maʻamau ʻo ka maʻi ma ka mea maʻi e lilo i ka yellowness o ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous. Hōʻike ʻia ia ma muli o kahi hāhini mekanikō i loko o ka huna huna o ka bile i ka duodenum.

Hiki ke hoʻopau i ka ultrasonography aʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana nui ʻia. I ka mea, ʻo kona non-invasiveness, ka hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi, ka hoʻohana ākea a me nā hopena lapaʻau pololei ke kumu i ka like me ka modaging modaging i manaʻo ʻia i nā mea maʻi me nā hōʻike like ʻole o ka maʻi.

Nā hōʻailona no ka ultrasound

Aia ka pancreas ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. He mea pili me ka ate, ka ʻōpū a me ka spleen. ʻAʻole wale e hana i kahi ultrasound, hāʻawi wale i kauka i kahi kuhikuhi i kēia maʻi maʻi. Nui kekahi mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi no ka ultrasound:

Inā ua loilo wale kekahi kahi maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi.
Me nā maʻi hōʻeha lōʻihi e kū ana ma hypochondrium hema mai lalo.
Inā hele pinepine ʻole ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi.
I ka hanana i loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ke ala o kahi o nā mea maʻi ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ka puʻuwai, ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū.
Ma hope o nā puhi ikaika i ka ʻōpū.
Me ka pohō kaumaha.
Inā ʻike ka mea maʻi i ka ʻeha i ka wā palpation o ka pancreas.
Hiki paha i ke kauka ke hōʻike i ka hematoma, i ka pohō, ka ʻōpū.

Nui a ʻike mau nō nā hōʻike ʻana no ka haʻi ʻana i ka mea maʻi e ka neʻe ʻana i ke kauka no ka hoʻokolokolo.

Mai hōʻole iā ia, no ka mea he ʻeha a ʻehaʻeha a me ka hoʻolaha.

Lole nā mea hoʻāʻo

E pili ana i nā nui o ka pancreas i manaʻo ʻia ke ʻano maʻamau, hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio wale nō inā e maopopo iā mākou he ʻekolu o nā ʻāpana (ke poʻo, ke kino, ka ʻihi) a me kahi wai. Nā kuʻuna o ke kīpē:

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa he 140−230 mm.
ʻO ka nui o ke poʻo he 25−33 mm.
Ke kino lōʻihi 10−18 mm.
ʻO ka nui o ka huelo o 20-30 mm.
O ka ʻāpana o ka ona ʻo Wirsung he 1.5-2 mm.

E hoʻomanaʻo he pili nui paha ke ʻano o ka pancreas ma ka ultrasound i kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kekahi.

No laila, he mau ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi o nā hōʻailona ma kahi kuhikuhi a i ʻole kekahi e hōʻike i kahi maʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana

E pili ana i nā nuances āpau o ka hoʻomākaukau no ka aʻo ʻana e haʻi aku i ke kauka. Akā aia kekahi mau rula e pono ai e nānā ʻia:

ʻO ka mea mua, ma ʻekolu mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e pili i kahi ʻano meaʻai e kī ʻole ai i nā legumes, berena a me nā pastries, nā pastry, ka waiū piha, ʻo ia hoʻi kēlā mau huahana e hāʻawi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻawaʻawa. Eia kekahi, inu ka wai inu, ka meaʻai ʻaʻala a me ke kō.
ʻO ka lua, e hoʻomanaʻo e hana ʻia kahi scan ultrasound ma luna o ka ʻōpū ʻole, no laila e pono ʻoe eʻai i ka pāʻina he mau hola 12 ma mua o ka hele ʻana i ka haukapila. Mai kiʻipi, pono e maʻalahi keʻaina, akā puʻuwai.
ʻO ke kolu, he 2 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ʻaʻohe hihia e inu ai, ulaula a i ʻole ka puha. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka lewa ma ka ʻōpū, hiki i ka hopena.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau, hoʻouna ʻia ka mea maʻi no kahi scan ultrasound. I loko o ke keʻena, hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i kona ʻōpū mai nā lole a hoʻopaʻa i kona kua ma ke alo.

Hōʻalo ke kauka i ke kahua hōʻike i ka ʻike hoʻokō kūikawā a hoʻopaʻa i nā hopena. Hiki i ke kauka ke noi i ka mea maʻi e hoʻololi i ke kūlana, ʻo ia hoʻi, e moe ana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a hema a i ʻole e hanu me ka hohonu, e hoʻopiha i ka ʻōpū me ka lewa.

Hana ka ultrasound diagnostic i ke ʻano no ka hopu ʻana i nā hawewe i ʻike ʻia mai nā kino make. Aia ia i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā hui a me nā wahi. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kao, e ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka wahi i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pale o nā mea.

Hoʻopaʻi ke kauka i ka nānā i kēia mau kuhikuhi:

Ke ʻano o ka huelo. ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ia i S i loko o nā āpau.
Nā ʻōlima a me ke ʻano o ka huelo. Pono mau nā contours. Inā huʻule a maʻule lākou, a laila e hōʻike nei i ka maʻi ʻana i ka pancreas - pancreatitis. A ʻo ka helehelena o ke kumupaʻa mau i ka homogeneous, maikaʻi-lei, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea liʻiliʻi a pau.
ʻO ka nui o ka pancreas. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ka ultrasound, ua like lākou no ka poʻe a me ka wahine.
Pehea ke kahe o ka lipi ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, aia kekahi mau loli e pili ana i nā kolo pili kokoke.
Aia kekahi loli i ka pūpū ponoʻī.

Me ke kōkua o ke aʻo ʻana, hōʻike ke kauka i nā maʻi i loaʻa a me nā anomalene congenital. A no ke kōkua ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound, ʻike ʻia ka ʻatikala ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopakele i ka mea maʻi mai nā ʻōmomo hiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka hōʻike hope loa

Ma hope o kahi loiloi ultrasound, kuhikuhi ke kauka no ka hoʻouna o nā hoʻokolohua. Ma hope wale nō o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hopena āpau o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka mea maʻi, ua hōʻike ke kauka i kahi maʻi maʻi a hoʻomaka e mālama iā ia. ʻAʻohe mai ho'āʻo e hana i kahi maʻi maʻi iā ʻoe ihoMa hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i nā hualoaʻa o kahi ultrasound, hiki i ka mea ʻike loea ke hana pololei i kēia.

Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi nui i ka hoʻihoʻi inā e hahai pololei ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka a pili i ka papaʻai paʻa.

Manaʻo wale kekahi poʻe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka mālama pono ʻana i ka pancreas, pehea e pale ai iā ia mai ka maʻi ʻaʻa a me nā mea kūlohelohe. He maʻalahi a maʻalahi kēia. Pono ʻoe e pili i ka palaualelo inā ʻai i ka palaoa, nā momona a me nā momona. Mai hoʻonele i ka inu ʻawaʻawa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hāʻawi i ka nikotine a hele i loko o nā haʻuki. Eia kekahi, i ka home a i ka hana, pono ia e hōʻemi i nā mea koʻikoʻi a hoʻoikaika i ka pale kino.

Ma hope wale nō i kēia mau loiloi e mālama ai ʻoe i ke olakino ʻaʻole wale nō ka pancreas, akā ʻo ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui no ka ultrasound o ka pancreas

ʻO ka pancreas kahi mea pili e pili ana i ka nenehana digestive. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kelepona nui: he huna ia i ka wai pancreatic me ka digestive enzyme, a ʻo ia e hoʻopuka ai i nā hāmeʻe e hoʻoponopono ana i ka momona, momona a me ka metabolism.

Kapa o ka pancreas

Nui kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e hele i kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas me ka pau ʻole:

ʻEha : ʻeha ka lōʻihi a i ʻole ka hana hōʻeha ma ka wahi o ka epigastric (ka ʻāpana ma luna o ka naepela) a i ʻole ka hypochondrium hema, kahi ʻeha ʻeha aʻeha, ʻeha i ka wā o ka palpation o ka wahi epigastric.
Nā maʻi Gastrointestinal : hania, holohelena pili me ka pōloli a ʻai ʻana paha, ʻaʻa o ka ʻike maopopo ʻole (origin), constipation, palaka papa, hoʻonui ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, flatulence.
Nā hōʻike kūʻokoʻa : ka melemele i ka ʻili o nā ʻili a me nā membrane membantes, mālama i ka pohō nui.
Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana : ke kiʻekiʻe wela o ke kino (ke kū i ka wā exacerbation) me ka ʻole o ke anu a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻeha.
ʻO nā hoʻololi i nā loiloi, nā hōʻailona maʻi : ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kōpaʻa a i ʻole ʻaina maʻi mellitus, ʻōpū o ka ʻōkuhi ultrasound o ka pā posterior o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā contours a i ʻole duodenum, hoʻonui i ka pancreas, kahe i loko o kahi ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.
Hana ʻia nā hui huakaʻi : ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o kahi neoplasm benign a hōʻino paha, nā hoʻopiʻi o ka pancreatitis aʻeha (necrosis, hematomas, abscesses, etc.).
Kūlana hoʻokūkū : ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, trauma i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, pancreatitis (ʻoi a me ke ʻano paʻa), nā keiki a me ke kīpē o ka maʻi palu (ʻo ia nā mea ola pilikino).

He aha nā ala e ʻike ai ka ultrasound

Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia kaʻina hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loiloi i ka hoʻololi o ka nui a me nā contours o ke kino, ke ʻano o nā kauā, a ʻike pū kekahi i nā ala holokū maikaʻi:

ʻā ʻia, ka pancreatitis kaulike,
pōpilikia malenua
ʻoiika, hōʻeha (ke kanesa) a me nā neoplasms benign,
nā uluhihi like ʻole, abscess (hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia purulent),
diabetes mellitus, hoʻololi i ka iwi i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka maʻi mellitus maʻi maʻi, lipomatosis pancreatic.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas

I ka ulia pōpilikia Kapa o ka pancreas lawe ʻia me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻole. ʻOiai ʻo nā hopena kuhi hewa hiki ke ʻike, hiki i kahi loea loina ke ʻike i kahi pathology e pono ai ka mālama mālama maʻi.

No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maikaʻi, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hopena noiʻi pololei, pono ia hoʻomākaukau. Pono e hoʻomaka i nā hana hoʻomākaukau no 2 mau lā ma mua o ke kaʻina hana.

e ukali ana i ka ʻai-piha momona kaʻai,
ʻaʻole eʻai i nā hola 10-12 (ma ka pō o ke ʻano o ke kakahiaka, ua lawa ka pāʻina mālamalama)
ka wehe ʻana o nā huahana e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka mīkini (ʻai a me nā huahana dairy, nā lau ʻai hou, nā hua, nā pīni, nā ʻona hoʻoholima, a,).)
kaomi ʻana i ka ulaula, nā inu ʻawa, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka popo kipi,
kahi hoʻomaha i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea kanu (ʻē aʻe - ke kauoha paʻa no nā maʻi maʻi: ka maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi hypertension, etc.),
i ka lā, kamaʻāina ka maʻi i ka palaualelo, lawe i nā adsorbents (espumisan, hoʻāheʻe carbon, a pēlā aku).
ma ka lā o ke kaʻina hana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻōpū (inā pono, e hoʻohana i ka laxative a enema paha).

ʻO ka hana ʻole e hoʻokō me nā rula hoʻomākaukau e hoʻemi ana i ka pono o ka ultrasound e pili ana iā 70%. ʻO ka hoʻokolohua me ka ʻokoʻa hoʻoweliweli a me nā manipulasi endoscopic i hana ma ke ahiahi o kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas e kōkua pū kekahi i ka wehe ʻana o nā hopena.

ʻO ka hōʻike maʻi pancreas maʻamau

ʻO ke kaʻina hana no ka hana ʻana i ka ultrasound o ka pancreas e hele pinepine ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sensor o waho. E hoʻomanawanui ka mea maʻi ma nā lole (me nā kāmaʻa ʻole) i ka moena me kona kua, ke hoʻolalike i kona ʻōpū. Hoʻopili ke kauka i kahi gel hypoallergenic no ka ultrasound, hāʻawi i ka hoʻopili nui loa me ka polokalamu, a laila, neoneo ikaika i ka sensor mai ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka ʻōpū a i ka hypochondrium hema, e nānā ana i ka pancreas. I ka wā o ka imaging, pono ka mea maʻi e hanu i ka hanu hohonu. Hāʻawi ke kauka e hoʻopaʻa i kou hanu (hoʻonele i kou ʻōpū) i neʻe ai ka ʻōpū a ʻaʻohe mea e pale i ke nānā ʻana i ka pancreas.

I mea e wehewehe ai i nā hopena hopena, hiki i ke kauka ke noi i ka mea maʻi e hoʻololi i ke kūlana o ke kino (moe ma kona ʻaoʻao a i kona ʻōpū paha, kū) a hana i kahi hōʻike lua. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena hewaʻole ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana o nā hoʻomena i loko o ka ʻawaʻawa. E hoʻopau i kēia pilikia, pono ka mea maʻi e inu i nā aniani o ka wai o 2-3. E lilo ka wai i mea he "window" a hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā ʻōpū.

Hoʻoweliweli ʻole ke kaʻina hana, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka mea maʻi a me nā mea ʻino paha. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 10-15 mau minuke.

Ui ʻO ka Hoʻolōkopa

I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hōʻike loiloi endoscopic ʻo ka pancreas i ka nānā ʻana i nā wahi hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale a hōʻemi i nā hewa. He noi kēia koho a ʻaʻole nani. Hana ʻia ka Visualization me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka endoscope haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Hoʻokomo pono ʻia ka ʻauʻau ma ka esophagus i loko o ka ʻōpū a ma loko o ka duodenum. No ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka noho palaka o ka mea maʻi, 30-60 mau minuke ma mua o ke kaʻina hana, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia he intramuscular injative o kahi mea lapaʻau. Hana ʻia ka ultrasound Endo me kahi hanu (topically).

ʻO keʻano o nā hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia ana ma ka ultrasound o ka pancreas

Aia ka ʻōpala i ka ʻāpana epigastric. Aia nā kelena olakino i kēia mau hōʻailona:

ʻAuspiha, dumbbell, S-ʻano a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka tadpole

mālie, leʻaleʻa, ʻike maka ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻili

Echogenicity (pane ʻana i nā kaila ultrasonic)

Echo hoʻolālā (ʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi)

homogeneous (homogeneous), maikaʻi paha i ole a kālai ʻia paha

pihi, ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā hoʻolaha (diameter 1,5 - 2.5 mm)

Nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi: ke kuʻi ʻana mai ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ma ka ultrasound

Patohia, loli kuapo, maʻi

ʻO nā hōʻailona ma kahi kalaki ultrasound

ʻOi aku ka pancreas ma mua o ka maʻamau (a ʻo ka mea i hoʻonui ʻia i kona mau lālā),

pupule, hoʻopuka hewa ʻia

heterogeneous kūlike (ka hapanui hypoechoic),

Ua hoʻonui aku ʻo Wirsung duct,

ohi ana o na wai puni o ke kino.

kūlike, ea i hoʻopā ʻia o ka wahī.

heterogeneous, hoʻohui hou ʻia (hyperechoic),

Ua hoʻonui aku ʻo Wirsung duct (ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 mm),

hiki ke loaʻa nā pōhaku - nā ʻōnaehana hyperechoic i hoʻopuni ʻia me kahi ala echogenic ma hope.

Cyst a i ʻole peʻe ai

Echo-Negative (ʻeleʻele i nā kiʻi) hoʻoili me nā mea kuʻi e pili ana, a me nā kihi hyperechoic

ka mahele o ka ʻāpana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana,

heterogeneous hana (hypoechoic, hyperechoic a hui ʻia paha),

hoʻonui nui pancreatic a me ka dile dile.

ʻO ka maʻi mellitus a i ʻole lipomatosis pancreatic

e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia echogen struktur,

ʻuhuʻala, luhule, kūlike i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino.

Hoʻolāleʻa Pancreas

2 papa humuhumu,

kūleʻa ka papakū like ʻole.

ʻO nā pancreas waʻa inoa

ʻO ka wahi e hoʻopuni ana i ka duodenum, ua hoʻonuiʻia

hoʻokahi a i ʻole e hoʻopiha ʻia, hypoechoic (ʻaʻole i pane ʻole i nā nalu kaona)

Nā Hoʻohui

Basically, he scan ultrasound ʻaʻohe contraindications, akā aia nā mea i mua o ka paʻakikī a paʻakikīʻole paha kahi kaʻina.

Hana ʻia ka ʻōmole o ka pancreas me:

maʻi kūlohelohe i ka gel,
i ke ʻano maʻamau o ka mea maʻi,
paʻakikī ka lōʻihi o ke kauā - he paʻakikī ke kino e nānā ma muli o ka mānoanoa o ka momona,
ka hōʻino i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (nā hōʻeha, nā maʻi a me nā ala a pau, nā fistulas, nā ʻeha manuahi me nā maʻi ʻōnaehana).

Nā ʻōmole no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound endoscopic:

hūnā koko
hewa make he mau ʻōpū o nā wahi hollow,
kekahi mau maʻi o ka hanu, ʻōnaehana cardiovascular (maʻi myocardial infarction, stroke, bronchial asthma, etc.),
haunaele o ke ahonui,
Hoʻopuka ka esophageal,
nā maʻi kaulike,
ulia makekole
helehelena nodular i ka hana 4,
trauma i nā kuʻi pōkole o luna.

I kēlā me kēia kūlana, me kekahi mau palaka, ua hoʻoholo ke kauka i ka hiki o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ultrasound i kēlā me kēia kanaka.

ʻO nā mea hoʻohana hou aku, nā pono o ka ultrasound ma luna o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe

Aia kekahi mau ʻōnaehana no ka nānā ʻana i ka pancreas:

radiological (radiographic, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, compute tomography),
nā hana optic loiloi hopena.

ʻO ka pōkole o ka pancreas ke kapu gula. Hoʻohālikelike ʻo ia me nā hana ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopuka i kahi kaomi o ka radiation ma ka mea maʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā x-hihi, ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana ma mua o ko CT (hoʻopukapuka tomografi), ʻoi aku ka pololei a me ka ʻike hou aku i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ko cholangiopancreatography, a he maʻalahi nō hoʻi, wikiwiki a mau loa ʻole ka ʻeha. kaʻina hana.

ʻAʻohe mea paʻa i nā makahiki aʻo ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hiki i ka wā hāpai. ʻAʻole kaupae ʻia ka mea loea i ka ultrasound a kuhikuhi i kahi ʻike paʻa inā ʻike ʻo ia i kahi palema e pono ai ka hōʻoia i ka maʻi.

Kahi e hana ai i kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas ma St. Petersburg

Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā hoʻokolohua ma ka haukapila ʻo Diana. ʻO kā mākou mālamalama ma St. Petersburg: ʻO Zanevsky Prospect, 10 (ma ka ʻaoʻao metro o Alexander Nevsky Square, Ladoga, Novocherkasskaya). Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻokolohua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini hoʻohana ultrasound mākeke loea hou.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau

Pākuʻi Pancreas

Aia ka pancreas i kahi hohonu i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū: ma lalo a ma hope o ka ʻōpū. No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻāʻo iā ia i ka wā hoʻi i hoʻonui ai ka nui o ka ʻōpū. Akā me ke kōkua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka kikoʻī o ka pancreas ma ka kikoʻī, me ka wikiwiki, hoʻomaopopo ʻole, hōʻeha a palekana ʻole.

I ka wā noiʻi, ua ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka huina:

ke ʻano (kahi pankō maluhia e like me ka leka S)
mau kahua
nui (hoʻonui e hōʻike ana i ka hōʻeha ʻana a i ʻole hōʻeha ʻana o ka pancreas),
ʻano.

Ke kūpaʻa nei ka pancreas makua ma kahi o 70-80 g.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana

ʻO ka ultrasound i hoʻolālā ʻia o nā pancreas a me nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (ʻāʻī, ke kelepona ʻana o ka ʻōpū, spleen) ma hope o ka hiki ʻana mai o 25 mau makahiki ka mea i mālama ʻia e hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Pēlā nō, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā haʻawina i hoʻolālā ʻia:

me ka pancreatitis,
maʻi maʻi
ma mua o ka hōʻeha ʻana ma nā ʻōpū,
me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana kūwili a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Pono ʻia kahi ʻōmole kīnā ʻole inā loaʻa ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona:

tiga a ʻeha paha ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a hypochondrium paha, ma lalo o ke kola, ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻōpū,
Nā manaʻo ʻino ʻole ke hele nei
nausea pinepine me ka lua,
nā maʻi ʻaihue maʻamau
he ʻano hūnā
ʻūlū
nāwaliwali a me ka lethargy,
ka hoonui iki ana i ke ea ana o ke kino,
lilo ka momona
jaundice
hoʻoluhi wikiwiki wikiwiki me ke kumu kumu.

Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi ultrasound o ka pancreas:

me nā hōʻoluʻolu o ka paia o ka pā o ka ʻōpū (e like me nā hopena o gastroscopy),
me nā loli me ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū, duodenum,
no nā mea ʻala hoʻokūkū,
me nā mea hōʻeha.

ʻAʻohe hoʻopaʻa contraindications. Hiki ke hoʻokele pinepine ia, ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka wā e nānā ana i ka dinamics o ka mālama o ka maʻi.

Eia nā maʻi e hōʻike ʻia e ka ultrasound o ka pancreas

ʻAe ʻia ka noiʻi e ʻike i nā maʻi i lalo iho:

lōkohu
masohi (abscess),
pohō o nā paʻakai kalai ma nā umu palupalu,
ʻOnawa papaʻaila,
Mist, piipona
ʻo nā ʻōpū a me nā neoplasms,
lipomatosis (nā waiho momona).

No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ultrasound o ka pancreas

mea ʻai
hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe
hāʻawi ʻia nā hana maikaʻi i ka lā o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.

Hoʻopiʻi ka meaʻai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka nānā ʻana o ka aʻalā o nā ʻawaʻawa. He paʻakikī ʻo nā kikowaena ke ʻike a pale i ke kauka mai ka nānā ʻana i nā kikoʻī a me nā kiko o nā pūpū o ka ʻōpū. No laila, pono i 3 mau lā ma mua o ka ultrasound e hōʻole i ka meaʻai e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomake ʻana i ke kino. ʻO kēia nā huahana

bean
nā ʻano āpau āpau
nā meaʻai momona loa
palaoa
nā lole ʻaoa
huaʻala kai / hua,
ka waiū piha a me nā huahana waiū,
ʻona
waiʻona
caffeine.

Pono ʻoe e haʻalele i nā momona, kahi iʻa, iʻa a i a me nā meaʻai ponoʻai. Pono ʻoe e ʻai i ka ʻai iʻa momona (pipi, honu, umauma moa), nā iʻa momona haʻahaʻa, cereals. ʻAe ʻia ia e ʻai i hoʻokahi hua ʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.

I ke kakahiaka ma ke kakahiaka o kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas, pono ʻoe e inu i ka laxative lāʻau lapaʻau (e ʻae ke kauka ke kau iā ʻoe). Hoʻohana ʻia ka manawa ʻaina i kēia lā a i ʻole he 12 mau hola i waiho ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻokolokolo.

Hana ʻia ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi ʻōpū ʻole.

Pono e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ʻoe a me nā hopena o nā ultrasounds o mua, inā ua hana ʻia lākou.

Pehea kahi ultrasound o ka pancreas

Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka ʻike ʻana:

Kahu ʻia ka mea maʻi e hoʻolei i kona ʻōpū a moe ma kahi moʻa ma kona kua. (I ke aʻo ʻana 'ia, e pono no ia e hā ma ka hema a me kona ʻaoʻao hema.).
A laila mālama ʻia ke kauka i ka ʻili me kahi gel kūikawā, alakaʻi i nā wahi i makemake ʻia o ka ʻōpū me kahi sensor a nānā i ke kiʻi o ke kino ma ka monitor i ka manawa maoli.
I ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana, ka mea e loaʻa ana ma kahi o 10 mau minuke, hāʻawi ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka hopena e pili ana i ka loli o ka ultrasound.

Inā e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka echogenicity o ka pancreas, hōʻike kēia i ka loaʻa i nā pathologists. Pēlā pū kekahi o nā hāpē o ka hāmeʻe o ke kino e hoʻomohala ai i nā maʻi.