Nā papa ʻamiclelo hoʻonani: nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana

ʻO ka wehewehe e pili ana i 09.06.2016

Palapala Latin: ʻĀlinini
ʻĀkau ATX: S01AA11
Mea waiwai: ʻAmiclelo (Humamikola)
Mea Hana: Belmedpreparaty RUE (Republic of Belarus), Warsaw Pharmaceutical Works Polfa (Polani), Moscow Endocrine Plant, NIZHFARM, Sintez OAO, Microgen NPO FSUE, Pharmstandard-UfaVITA (Russia), etc.

ʻO ka helu ʻia ʻana o hopena no ka hoʻokele paʻa ʻana a me ka intramuscularly mau mea pili i ke kō ʻōwili sulfate like me ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui aʻe: sodium metabisulfite, disodium paʻakai o ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ka wai.

Moho nā maka paʻa i ka papa hana ʻōwili sulfate like me nā mea hou: ʻo ka sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohidate, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, benzalkonium chloride solution, ka wai.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻAmiclelo mele nā maʻi maʻi, e hōʻike ana i kahi nui o nā hopena, no ka hui o aminoglycosides. I loko o ke kino, e kāohi ai i ka subunit 30S o ka ribosa, ma muli o ke kīhaʻī ʻia o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana o ka protein, hana i ka paʻakikī o ka halihali a me ka ʻike ʻo RNA i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia. Heluhelu ʻia ka heluhelu wikiwiki ʻana o RNA a ʻaʻole i hana nā hāmeʻa hana-lohi. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi hopena bactericidal - ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai, e hoʻemi ana i nā hana pā o nā membran cytoplasmic, ma muli o ka make o nā microorganism.

Hoʻomaopopo ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe i kēia antibiotic mai kekahi mau microorganism kākākūkā.

Eia hoʻi kekahi ʻoi loa ka ʻike ʻana i ka waiwai o ka nui o nā microorganisms kūpono.

Hōʻike ʻia ka pale antibiotic e: Neisseria meningitidis, Providencia rettgeri, Clostridium spp., Treponema pallidum, ʻO nā Bacteroides spp., Streptococcus spp.

Inā hui pū ka gentamicin penicillins, kāna hana e pili ana Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus avium, Durant enterococcus, Streptococcus faecium, ʻO ka durant Streptococcus, Streptococcus faecalis.

Ke hoʻomau mau nei ka kūʻē o nā microorganisms i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ʻo kēlā mau pilikia e hōʻike ana i ke kū'ē neomycin a kanamycinHiki paha ke pale aku i ka gentamicin. Hoʻokomo nā ʻuhā, protozoa, nā maʻi i nā mea maʻi.

Pharmacokinetics a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana, ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻopili piha ʻana i ka mea hoʻokomo i intramuscularly. ʻO ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa i ke kino ma hope o ka hoʻokele intramuscularly i loaʻa i hope o 0.5-1,5 hola. Ma hope o kahi mau minuke intravenous 30-minuke, ma hope o 30 mau minuke, ma hope o kahi infusion intravenous 60-minuke, ma hope o 15 mau minuke.

Hoʻopaʻa iki ka mea liʻiliʻi i ka protein o plasma - a hiki i 10%. Loaʻa ka ʻike ʻana o ka hopena ma loko o nā pūpū, puʻuwai, nā māhu, a me nā loko o ke kino - peritoneal, ascitic, synovial, pericardial, pleural, lymphatic, ʻike ʻia i ka pale, hoʻopā ʻia e nā hōʻeha, nā ʻōpala, i ka urine.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā haʻahaʻa o nā waiwai i nā ʻili, ka kiko adipose, ka umauma umauma, ka ʻili, nā iwi, ka huʻu, nā mea huna bronchial, kahe cerebrospinal, a me ka ʻike ʻana o ka maka.

Ma o BBB, i nā maʻi maʻi pākeke, aneane ʻaʻole i komo, komo i loko o ka plasenta.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi i ka wai o cerebrospinal i loko o nā keiki hou i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā pākeke.

ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka metabolabolism ma ke kino. ʻO ka hapalua-ola i nā pākeke he 2-4 mau hola, i nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau mahina - 3-3.5 hola.

Hoʻopili nui ʻia mai ke kino ma o nā keiki, ke loli ʻole, ka nui o ka nui o ke ʻano o ka antibiotic e hoʻopili ʻia ma ka bile. Inā maʻamau nā hana o nā aʻalopona o ka mea maʻi, a laila maʻa ka 70-95% o nā mea i ka wā i ka lā mua. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia kahi mālama o 100 μg / ml i loko o ka pāʻai. Kuhi ʻia ka Cumulation i ka wā hana hoʻomalu.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

ʻO nā ʻōmaka no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau maʻi nā maʻi o kahi ʻano infectious-inflammatory i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e nā microorganisms paʻakikī i ka gentamicin.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hana makua i ka lāʻau (4% hoʻonā) no ia mau maʻi:

Hoʻohana ʻia nā inikini gynecology no nā hana hoʻoponopono koʻikoʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau (Gentamicin oilment) no kēlā mau maʻi:

folliculitis superficial,
liiilnma,
huluhula,
dermatitis seborrheic piʻi maʻi
parolechia,
hoʻomoʻi kino,
huehuepiʻi maʻi
ka hōʻike ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi luaʻi i ka hihia o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.
nā hōʻeha o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole (ka bites, nā mea palaka, nā ʻōpio, a me nā mea hoʻi).
piʻi maʻi varicose.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻikepili o Gentamicin (kahe nā maka) no kēlā mau maʻi:

huapalapala,
huakai,
konohiki
meibomite,
keratitis,
keratoconjunctivitis,
dacryocystitis.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ia mau mea:

manaʻo kiʻekiʻe i kēia antibiotic a me nā aminoglycosides ʻē aʻe,
auditis neia,
uremia
pilikia kino hania,
hapai a lactation.

Ma ke kaʻina hana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ia i nā manawa maʻamau ke nānā i ka hana o nā keiki.

Nā hopena hopena

Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, e ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao:

nenoai: hyperbilirubinemia, nausea a me ka luaʻi, ka nui o ka hana o ka "ate" transaminases,
hematopoiesis: leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia,
ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana: alohahōʻeha, nīpī, hōʻeha, kele, hiamoee hōʻike paha i ka psychosis i nā keiki,
nā ʻōpū kikowaena: tinnitus, hoʻolohe hoʻopihapiha, labyrinth a me nā vestibular pilikia, kamaʻilio,
kou māmā: nephrotoxicity me ka hana renal impaired, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi - renal tubular nā ʻōpū,
nā pepeke: ʻālohe, ʻili, fiva, pruritus, eosinophilia, angioedema,
ʻōwili kupaianaha: hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia - i nā keiki,
nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe: superinfection.

Ke keu

Me kahi overdose o Gentamicin i loko o nā ampou a i ʻole nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻike paha i ka emi ʻana o ka halihali neuromuscular a i ka hopu ʻana i ka hanu.

I kahi hihia o ka nui o nā mea maʻi, pono e hōʻike i nā lāʻau anticholinesterase (Prozerin), hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka calcium. ^ E Ha yM. Ma mua o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka proserin, mālama ʻia ka mea maʻi 0.5-0.7 mg Atropineintravenously, kali lākou a wikiwiki ka pulse, ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻia ʻana o 1.5 mg o ka proserin. Inā ʻaʻohe hopena ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana o kēlā ʻano hopena, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka prozerin i hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia. Me ka hoʻolālā ʻana brieociaiahana hou i ka huina o ka atropine.

I ka hihia o kahi overdose i nā keiki, pono ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau ana i ka paʻakai. Hoʻopili ʻia ka gentamicin sulfate mai ke kino e ka hemodialysis a me nā dialysis peritoneal.

Hoʻohui

Inā ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻōlelo inikua Gentamicin a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe me ke ʻano Vancomycin, kaʻaoglikua, cephalosporins,kaomi pākiki, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā hopena oto- a me nā nephrotoxic.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka huahana me Nā Indomethacin, ma laila ke emi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o Gentamicin, i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o ke koko a, a laila, e māhuahua ka hopena o ke kō.

Ke hoʻohana ʻana iā Gentamicin me opopaid analgesics, lāʻau lapaʻau no ka inhalation anesthesiahiki aʻe ka loli o ka blockade neuromuscular, hiki ke ulu ʻia ʻneapiha.

Hoʻonui ka ʻike o ka gentamicin i ke koko inā lawe pū ʻia me"Hoʻopau" diuretics.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Pono e mālama pono i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka poʻe i loaʻa ka ʻeha myastastia, pūnanaʻu, paʻa inoa ʻole. ^ E Ha yM. I ka poʻe me ka hana renal impaired, a me ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i nā dosis nui o ka lāʻau, hoʻonui i ka hōʻeha o ka nephrotoxicity. I ka wā o ka mālamaʻana, he mea nui ia e nānā i ke kūlana o ka vestibular a me nā mea kōkua i ka hoʻolohe, a me nā hana pūpū. He mea nui hoʻi e hoʻoholo i ke kūlana o ka hoʻolohe ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi paha nā hoʻokolohua audiometric, ʻaʻole a pau ka mālama ʻana.

Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia me ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana o ka lāʻau i ka externally, hiki i ka hopena resorptive, mai kahi aila aila. Akosile Kauwila a me nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana ma ke ʻano.

Ma muli o ka heleʻana i ka mana o ka hoʻonā i nā ampoulessodium bisulfitehoʻonui ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hōʻailona kūloko, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kānaka me ka mōʻaukala alakiko.

ʻO ka poʻe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻeha a me nā mālamalama o ka maʻi urinary, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e inu i nā ʻano o nā waʻa i ka wā mālama.

I ka wā o ka lāʻau, hiki i ka hoʻolālāʻana o ke kū'ē o nā microorganism.

I loko o nā lāʻauʻai, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano he nui o Gentamicin. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau Garamycin, Akosile Kauwila, Malikula-Teva, Kauahi K, Hoʻolālā, Septopa, Holohaeaetc. like nā hoʻohālikelike a me nā contraindications no nā analogues, akā like ke ʻano o ke kauka i ka koho hope loa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Nui pū kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau nona nā huahana ikaika Betamethasone + Gentamicin + Clotrimazole.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā keiki ʻōpio he wahi palekana wale nō nā kumu olakino. Pono ia e hoʻokō i ka regimen mālama i kuhikuhi ʻia a hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana ke kauka i ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi.

I ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation

I ka wā hāpai, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana iā Gentamicin. ʻAʻole ia i ʻōlelo ʻia ke lawe i ka lāʻau i ka wā o ka umauma. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia e komo nui ana nā aminoglycosides i ka waiū umauma ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Akā naʻe maikaʻi lākou i ka hoʻopili ʻana mai ka ʻōnaehana ʻana, no laila, ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hoʻopiʻi i nā pēpē.

I ka manawa hiki iaʻu ke hoʻohana

E like me nā ʻōkuhi, ua loaʻa i ka gentamicin sulfate 4% o nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana:

ʻAʻohe maʻi ʻeha.
Nā maʻi maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻili o ka waho, a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana a me nā ʻōpū palupalu.
Septicemia.
Kūkākūkā.
ʻO nā maʻi o nā kino ENT a me nā papahele o ka hanu kiʻekiʻe.
Nā maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.
Nā maʻi ʻeha e kū mai nei i kahi kiʻi o ke emi ʻana o ka pale kino.

ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lāʻau i loko o kekahi ʻano iniha no:

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation.
Na keiki malalo o na makahiki 3.
Hoʻopau a maikaʻiʻole paha i ka palaka.

ʻLelo: kahi e hoʻomau ai a me ka nui

ʻO ka nui o ka manaʻo o nā inikini a Gentamicin a me ka lōʻihi o ka papa ʻana o ka papa kau ʻia e ʻae ʻia e ke kauka. Hoʻonoho i nā hua ʻōlelo intravenous a i ʻole intramuscular o ka hopena o ka hopena Getnamycin sulfate 4%, ke kūʻai ʻia i nā ampoule o 2 ml, No. 10. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o nā pakanikola e pili ana i ke kaumaha o ka mea maʻi. ʻO ka paona ka palena o 3 mg o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka 1 kg o ka paona maʻi. Ma ka 1 ml o nā maʻi (injections) loaʻa 40 mg o ka mea ikaika, ʻo ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā no ka mea maʻi e kau ana i ka 50 kg e 150 mg = 4 ml (2 mau pahu o 2 ml) o 4% hopena. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kuhi 80 mg 2-3 mau manawa i ka lā.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ke kauka.

ʻO ka hopena o nā maʻi urological

Hoʻohana ka antibiotic i ka urology, ʻoi aku i ka hana o ka prostatitis a me cystitis. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau no ka prostatitis a i ʻole cystitis bacterial e like me ke kumumanaʻo maʻamau, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka paona o ka mea maʻi. ʻO ka awelika, ʻo 80 mg 2-3 mau manawa i ka lā ma hope o 6-12 mau hola. ʻO nā ʻano paʻakikī o nā maʻi e pono ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lāʻau - a i ka 80 mg no ka kilona o ke kaupaona, akā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, pono ia e noi i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau a me nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka. I ka hoʻonāʻana i ka ʻōmole Gentamicin 4%, pāpā ʻia ke kāwili ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻokahi syringe. Me ka prostatitis a me cystitis, ke papa o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka lāʻau kino me 7-10 lā.

I ka mālamaʻana i ka prostatitis, pono ia e hana i nā hōʻike maʻalahi ma ka nānā ʻana o ka flora i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma hope o kahi papa o nā inikini intramuscular o kahi lāʻau maʻi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ke kanaka i ka hiki ʻana o nā mahina 4 mau mahina hiki ke hāpai ʻia kahi pēpē. Me ka cystitis a me ka prostatitis i ka wā mālama, pono pono e haʻalele loa i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waiʻona e pale ai nephrotoxicity.

Hōʻike nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana e mālama ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke anuʻu ʻaʻoleʻoi aku i ka 25 ° C. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻo e hoʻohana ai he 3 mau makahiki mai ka lā i hoʻopuka ai. No laila ʻaʻole i nalowale nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana mai ka mea hana i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau i loko o kāna kīʻaha maoli, i haʻalele i nā keiki. Hoʻokomo ka hinu a me ka hāʻule i kā lākou mau ʻano no nā makahiki 3 mai ka lā i hoʻokuʻu ʻia. E kūʻai aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, lawa ka lawe ʻana i kahi laikini me ka wai lāʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka antibiotic a me ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā hihia kūikawā

Ma ka mālamaʻana i nā keiki, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka gentamicin sulfate inā loaʻa kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ke loaʻa i ka pono no ke pēpē ka ʻoi aku o ka hopena o ka hopena o ka ʻaoʻao. No ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi i nā keiki a hiki i ka makahiki, kau ʻia ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā ma ke kaila o 1 mg no 1 kg o ka paona, no nā keiki he 3 a 5 mau makahiki, lilo ka pāʻana i 1.5 mg no 1 kg, no nā keiki he 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki - 3 mg per 1 kg kaumaha. Puhi ʻia nā keiki me ka lāʻau lapaʻau intramuscularly 2 mau manawa ma ke kūleʻa ma hope o 12 mau hola.

Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohana i nā keiki.

Me nā maʻi o ka pūpū i nā hanana koʻikoʻi loa, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Gentamicin no nā keiki. Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana - e pili ana ka maʻi o ka pathogen i kēia antibiotic. I nā lā 2-3 mua, ua lawe ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka gentamicin no ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū me ka intravenously, a laila hana ʻia nā inikini intramuscularly i loko o ka huki (80 mg 2-3 mau manawa i ka lā ma hope o ke hola 6-12.

Me ka rhinitis lōʻihi, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā pohō paʻakikī i loko o ka ihu no nā keiki a me nā pākeke. No kā lākou hoʻomākaukau, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi laʻana mai kahi kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻomoʻa pinepine ʻia ka Gentamicin sulfate 4% i loko o ke kinipopo, e like me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka pohō i ka ihu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, me ka mea he bactericidal. Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻōkapa hoʻoluhi, no ka mea, ʻo nā hana a kā lākou mau lālā i ka manawa like i ka nui o nā kuhikuhi: antiallergic, bactericidal, vasoconstrictor, decongestant. ʻAʻole kūpono ia e hoʻomākaukau i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana ʻana iā ʻoe iho, ʻoiai inā he ʻona ʻoe, ua hui pū lākou i kekahi mau māhele, inā he palu pololei ʻole, hiki nō i nā hopena ʻino. E kākau ke kauka i kahi papa lāʻau a me nā mea pono e pono ai no kēlā me kēia mea maʻi, me ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻeha a me nā ʻano o ka maʻi.

I ka wā hāpai, ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau i loko a i waho, inā paha he mauʻike. Hoʻokomo maikaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka auditory a me ka vestibular apparatus o ka pūpū, no ka mea komo i ka plasenta. ʻAʻole ʻo nā lōlū paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā hāpai a mālama i ka rhinitis.

Kūkākūkā no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe

I kahi ophthalmology, ʻo nā maka o Dex Gentamicin antibacterial e waiho ana i ka wai o 5 ml e hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka pahu, ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka pale mua, e like me ka kiʻi. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka antibiotik i hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma ka mālama ʻana o ka conjunctivitis purulent, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau i loko o kahi pēpē lacrimal no kahe 1-2, aʻo ka neʻe ʻana i ka maka haʻahaʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai aku i ka aila maka 2,5 g, kahi i kau ʻia ma luna o ka maka o lalo a i kuʻi pū ʻia ma ka maka.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau i ka ophthalmology.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nō hoʻi purulent a i ʻole ka maʻi bacterial o nā ʻenehana ENT (purulent otitis media) me kēia antibiotic, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu puka ke kolo i ka pepeiao a me ke kumu. No nā maʻi o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole nasopharynx, kauka kauka nā kauka i ka hopena o ka wili o ka ʻāwili i ka ihu a me ka ʻāʻī, e hoʻohana ana ia me ka lāʻau antibacterial kūloko. Hoʻokomo pono kēia kaʻina hana i ka wā i kuhikuhi ʻia ai i nā keiki makemake ʻole e loaʻa i nā injections. E kōkua ʻo Nebulizer e hoʻopuʻi i ka huahana. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka hoʻonā ʻia i loko o ke kino nebulizer, e hana ana i ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka ihu a me ke ʻāʻī 2-3 manawa i ka lā ma hope o 3-4 mau hola. No ka hoʻohana kūpono, hele mai ka nebulizer me kahi noʻonua i ka ihu, i loko o ka ʻāʻī a me kahi maka.

ʻO Gent Gentin kahi o ka liniment hui pū no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi dermatological. Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana - eczema, dermatitis allergic, maʻi pāpaʻi, neurodermatitis.Kahi pū me ka hana o kēia ʻaila me ka betamethasone, clotrimazole, ke kūʻai aku nei i mākaukau paʻa ʻia, ʻaʻohe pono ʻoe e kau palena no kona hana. I ka wā hāpai, ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i kēia liniment. ʻO ke ʻano o nā papa gentamicin no ka hoʻokele waha ka mea i hoihoi i nā maʻi āpau. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o nā papa, i nā papa i hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau hou o ka hui like o nā antibiotics.

ʻO nā ʻōhua hiki

Me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana, a me ka hoʻomehana ʻole ʻana o ka lāʻau i ka lāʻau a i kona mau ʻāpana, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻeha i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Inā loaʻa i ka mea maʻi nā hopena lāʻau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou. Hiki iā ia:

ʻAno, hoʻopuka, ka ʻeha.
Proteinuria, azotemia, oliguria.
ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i ka mea hoʻoponopono vestibular, kahi hōʻeha i ka hoʻolohe.
Hiki i ka ʻōkuhi Intramuscular ke paʻakikī i ka ʻulaʻula, ke ʻeha.

Lapaʻau

Hoʻopili ia i nā subunit 30S o nā ribosa a hoʻonāukiuki i ka synthesis o ka protein, pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi kiʻina o ka halihali a me ka mea hoʻouna RNA, a me ka waeʻinā genetic ke heluhelu pono ʻole a ua haku ʻia nā ʻōmole hana ʻole. I nā kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana huna o ka membrane cytoplasmic a hoʻokō i ka make o nā microorganisms.

Hoʻomaʻaʻa i ke kū'ē ʻana i nā maʻi he nui-maikaʻi a me kaola. Ma nā huaʻōlelo kāwili o Gram-kino i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka gentamicin (MPC a ʻoi aku ma mua o 4 mg / l) - Proteus spp. (komo pū me nā hana indole-maikaʻi a me ke ʻano). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp., ʻai-hua momona microorganisms - Staphylococcus spp. (e komo pū me ka penicillin), mālama i ka IPC 4-8 mg / l - Serratia spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. (komo Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Acinetobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Prov> i komo me ka benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, oxacillin), e hana ana ma ke ʻano o ke ana o ka pā o nā microorganism, e kū pono ana i ka Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus avium, aneane pau nā kaha Streptococcus faecalis a me kā lākou mau ʻano (me ke komo pū Streptococcus faecalis liguifaciens, Streptococcus faecalis zymogenes), Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus durans. Ke kū mālie nei ka pale ʻana o nā microorganisms i ka gentamicin, akā naʻe, hiki i nā keaka ke kū ʻole i ka neomycin a me ke kanamycin, e hōʻike pū ʻia aku hoʻi ke kū'ē i ka gentamicin (kū i ke kūlike me ke kū ʻole). ʻAʻole pili i ka anaerobes, nā fungi, nā maʻi, nā protozoa.

Ma ke wahi o ka gastrointestinal, hoʻopihapiha ʻole ʻia, no laila, hoʻohana ʻia ia parenterally no ka hana ʻōnaehana. Ma hope o ka / i ka hoʻokele ʻia, ua hoʻopaʻa koke ʻia a laila. T_max me ka hoʻolaha v / m - ka hola 0.5-1.5, me ka hoʻolaha v / v, ka manawa e hiki ai i C_max ʻo ia: ma hope o kahi infusion intravenous 30-minute - 30 mau minuke, ma hope o 60 mau minuke he infravenous infusion - 15 mau minuke, ka waiwai o C_max ma hope o / m a i ʻole ka inake i hōʻino ʻia ma kahi o 1.5 mg / kg i ka 6 μg / ml. He haʻahaʻa ka paʻa ʻana i ka protein protein (a i ka 10%). ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā pākeke he 0.26 l / kg, i nā keiki - 0.2-0.4 l / kg. Loaʻa ia i nā hōʻola therapeutic ma loko o ke ake, nā ʻōpū, nā māpuna, a me ka pleural, pericardial, synovial, peritoneal, ascitic a me lymphatic flu, i ka urine, ma kahi hoʻokaʻawale i ka pale, pus, granulation. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka kiko adipose, nā ʻōpū, nā iwi, nā huahe, ka waiū umauma, aqueous o ka maka, nā mea huna bronchial, ka huʻi a me ka wai cerebrospinal. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma loko o nā pākeke, ʻaʻole maʻamau ke komo i ka BBB, me ka meningitis, ʻoi ka ʻohi ʻana i ka nui o ka wai o cerebrospinal. I nā hānau pēpē, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ke kaaka ma loko o ka wai cerebrospinal ma mua o nā pākeke. Penetrates ma o ka plasenta. ʻAʻole i hoʻemi ʻia. T_1/2 i nā pākeke - 2-4 mau hola.ʻahue ʻia ia e nā maʻi ma ka loli ʻole, ma ka liʻiliʻi - me ka bile. I ka poʻe maʻi me ka hana renal maʻamau, hoʻopili ʻia ka 70-95% i ka lā mua, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻike ʻana o 100 100g / ml i haku ʻia i ka urine. I nā maʻi me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glomerular filtration, nui ka hōʻemi. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia i ka wā o ka hemodialysis (i kēlā me kēia mau hola 4-6, hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻike e 50%). Ua emi iki ka hilahila Peritoneal (i loko o nā hola 48-75 25% o ka huehue) Me nā inikini hou ʻana, e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia, nui loa i ka lymphatic i loko o ka pūlima o loko a me nā polima renal proximal.

A noi ʻia topically ma ke ʻano o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka maka, hiki ʻole ke hoʻopoina ʻia.

Ke noi ʻia ma waho, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻōla ʻia, akā mai nā wahi nui o ka ʻili o ka ʻili i hōʻino ʻia (hōʻeha, ʻā ʻia) a i uhi ʻia me ka uhi maʻa, e kū koke ana ka lilo ʻana.

ʻO ka Gentamyin i loko o ka palapala i loko o ke ʻano o ka huina (nā pelu o kahi koʻi kolagala i hoʻolāʻau ʻia i loko o ka hopena o ka hamama gentate) e hōʻike ʻia e ka hopena antibacterial lōʻihi. No ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o nā iwi a me nā ʻalopihi ʻāhewa (osteomyelitis, abscess, phlegmon, etc.), a no ka pale ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi purulent ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka iwi, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano o ka pā i nā loko a me nā hōʻeha, a ʻo ke ʻano kūpono o ka gentamicin ma ke kumu implantation e mālama no ka 7—2 15 lā. Nā kumuhana o ka gentamicin i loko o ke koko i nā lā mua ma hope o ka implantation o ka feti e pili ana i nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻoponopono makua, ma hope iho, loaʻa kekahi ʻano hana maʻi i loko o ke koko i loko o kaʻili subtherapeutic. Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā resorption mai ka palena implantation i loko o nā lā 14-20 mau lā.

Wāwī palapala noi

No ka hoʻohana ʻōnaehana: myasthenia gravis, parkinsonism, botulism (aminoglycosides hiki i kahi mea hoʻokae i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka neuromuscular transmission, ka mea e alakaʻi hou ai i nāwaliwali o nā ʻālae kōpala), lōkeʻe, hakahaka renalula, wā neonatal, wā ʻōpiopio, ʻelemakule.

No ka hoʻohana ʻana: inā pono, e hoʻohana i nā papa ākea o ka ʻili - ka neuritis auditory auditory, myasthenia gravis, parkinsonism, botulism, renal failed (me ka paʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kidney renal a me azotemia a me uremia), nā pēpē a me nā pēpē mua (ʻaʻole hana i ka hana renally hoʻomohala ʻia, ka mea hiki ke alakaʻi iā ia. hoʻonui i T_1/2 a me ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hopena o nā meaʻala), ka ʻōpio.

Nā hopena hopena

Hoʻomaopopo ka ʻōlelo aʻo i ka hiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao aʻe i ka wā i kuhikuhi ai iā Gentamicin:

paila, mamaila,
anemia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia,
oliguria
proteinuria
microhematuria,
nā mālamalama maikaʻi ʻole
lie kanikela
hiamoe
lohe pio
hikiuli ʻole ke kuli
ʻili ka ʻili
huu
urticaria
fiva
ʻO ka edema ʻo Quincke.

Nā Hoʻohui

Hoʻopiliʻiaʻo Gentamicin i kēia mau helu:

Intolerance pilikino a hypersensitivity paha i ka gentamicin a me nā mea ʻeleu o ka hui antibiotika aminoglycosides.
ʻO Azotemia (kahi hoʻonui i ke koena o ke kaila o ke koena i ke koko) e kū i ke kua o ke ake o ke aʻa o ke ake a paʻa ʻole paha.
Neuritis (mākia) o ka nerve auditory.
ʻO kaʻupena ʻo Myasthenia gravis.
Kekahi mau kūlana ʻōleʻa o ka pepeiao loko a me ka mea hana vestibular.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hiki wale nō no nā kumu olakino inā inā ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi i ka makuahine ma mua o ka hopena o ka maʻi hānai.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Hoʻohana me ka akahele ma ka parkinsonism, myasthenia gravis, he māla hana ʻole. Ke hoʻohana nei iā Gentamicin, pono nā mākaʻikaʻi o nā pūpū, auditory a me ka vestibular apparatus.

No ka hoʻohana ʻana i waho no ka manawa lōʻihi ma luna o nā ʻili nui o ka ʻili, pono ia e noʻonoʻo i ka hiki o ka hana resorptive, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mea maʻi me ka hiki ʻole o ka renal maikaʻi ʻole.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana

ʻEhā mau ʻano nui e hoʻokuʻu ai iā Gentamicin, ʻaʻole i hua ʻia i nā papa. ʻO kā lākou ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka hoʻokō a me ka hoʻopili:

Nā kūmole no ka ʻōlelo

Eʻoluʻolu i ka wai melemele keʻokeʻo

Hōʻailona i nā wai melemele

ʻO ka lole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo

ʻO ka paʻaʻana o ka gentamicin sulfate, mg

80 per 1 mau iou (2 ml)

ʻO ka wai, sodium metabisulfite, Trilon B

Ka wai, benzalkonium chloride, sodium klorida, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate

ʻO kahi hui pūpū o ka palaka pulu, pahee, keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo

Kāpili hau, wai

Nā pāpō he 10 ampoules

ʻO 5 ml droppers

ʻO nā huaʻehā Aerosol 140 g

Pharmacodynamics a me ka pharmacokinetics

Ma hope o ka hoʻomehana intramuscular, lawe ikaika ka mea hana mai ka wahi i hiki aku ai a hōʻea i kahi o ka nui o ka minuke ma hope o 30-60 mau minuke, nakiki i nā protein plasma e 10%, ʻike ʻia i nā kiko o ke kino a pau, komo i ka pleka. ʻAʻole ʻike ka Metabolism o ka waiwai, no nā 4-8 mau hola i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i loko o ka bile a i ʻole urine. Ke noi ʻia topically, e hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau mai ka ʻili i ke ala wale nō ma o 0.1%, me ka ʻili o nā kino - ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻokūkū nui. Ma hope o ka hoʻohana waho, ua mau nā huahana 8-12 mau hola, hoʻopili ʻia e nā keiki.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Ma ka mea ʻāpana o ke kino e hoʻopili ai i ka maʻi, a pehea ke ʻano o ka maʻi, ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka huahana lapaʻau. I kahi hihia o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā maka, ua koho ʻia nā koho maka, inā e loaʻa ka maʻi o ka ʻili a me nā ʻōpala palupalu - ʻaila a i ʻole aerosol, no nā hihia koʻikoʻi e koi ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana systemic, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻōlelo inikua Gentamicin. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka nui, nā ʻano a me ke neʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana e ke kauka hele.

Hoʻohui nūhou

I ka wā o ka hoʻokele ʻana o Gentamicin me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki i ke ʻano ke hōʻailona like ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike hui pū ʻia:

aminoglycosides, vancomycin, cephalosporins, ethacrynic acid hoʻōla i ka ototoxicity a me ka nephrotoxicity,
Hoʻopau ʻo Indomethacin i ka holoi ʻana i ka mea ikaika, hoʻonui i kona keʻa i loko o ka plasma a alakaʻi i nā mea make,
'o ke' ano no ka inhalation anesthesia, opioid analgesics e hoonui ka ulu o ka neuromuscular blockade, a hiki i apnea,
diuretics loop, ʻo ka Furosemide e hoʻonui i ka paʻa o ka gentamicin i loko o ke koko, e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hopena maikaʻiʻole.

Nā ʻōlelo a ke kūʻai a me ka waiho ʻana

ʻO nā ʻano āpau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea mālama ʻia i ka mahana o 15-25 mau kekona no nā hāʻule a me ka hoʻonā ʻana, 8-15 tikel no ka hinu a me ka aerosol. ʻO ka ola ma lalo o ka waina o ka hāʻule he ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻelua o ka ʻaila a me aerosol, ʻelua ʻelele ka hopena. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka hue wai, pono e mālama ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina.

ʻO nā mea kikoʻī nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa ai ka ʻano like pū me nā mea like. ʻO nā mea hoʻowalike kūlohelohe kālā me kahi ʻāpana like ʻole, akā me nā hōʻailona like a me nā hopena. Aia nā ʻāpana:

Candiderm - kahi cream i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka mea like me ka beclomethasone, clotrimazole,
ʻO Garamycin kahi hoʻohālike i hoʻopau piha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i ke ʻano o kahi hopena, aila poni.
Loaʻa ka Celestoderm - i ka waiwai like me ka betamethasone, aia i ka poni ʻaila.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma o nā pūnaewele pūnaewele a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻai i nā kumukūʻai i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka palena kūʻai kālepa. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻoihana kūʻai ma Moscow:

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

I ka wā hāpai ʻia, hiki wale i nā kumu olakino (ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia nā haʻawina kūpono a paʻa ʻia i loko o nā kānaka. He mau hōʻike e hōʻike ʻia ana nā hua like me nā aminoglycosides. I ka manawa mālama, pono ia e pani i ka hoʻoulu umauma (komo i loko o ka waiū umauma).