ʻO Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid (Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid)

ʻO ka wehewehe e pili ana i 15.05.2015

• Palapala Latin: Amoxicillin + Clavulanic ac>

ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā hoʻomākaukau e loaʻa nā mea kanu ikaika pauxicillin + kāmele clavulanic, a me nā mea ʻokoʻa.

Pharmacodynamics a me ka pharmacokinetics

ʻO ka hui hoʻohui Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid he beta-lactamase inhibitor ka hopena i ka maʻi bactericidal e pale ai i ke kūmole ʻana o ka paia bacterial. Eia kekahi, hōʻike ʻia ka hana o ka lāʻau e pili ana i nā ʻano huakini maikaʻi aerobic gram, me ka ʻōpala e hana ana i ka beta-lactamases, no ka laʻana: Staphylococcus aureus, kekahi huakini kino aerobic gram: Negem Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. a me nā mea kūpono ʻē aʻe hākole, anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic aereric gram-negative bacteria, a pēlā aku.

Hiki i ka acid Clavulanic ke kāohi i nā ʻano o ka beta-lactamases II-V me ka ʻole o ke kūʻē i ka ʻano o nā ʻano beta-lactamases e ka Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp a me Serratia spp hua. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēiaʻano e hōʻike i kahi tropism kiʻekiʻe no nā penicillinases, kahi e hoʻopili ai i kahi pūpū paʻa hoʻōla a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka enzymatic na amoxicillin e ka beta-lactamases.

I loko o ke kino, kēlā me kēia neʻe i loko o ka hoʻowalewale wikiwiki ʻana i ka pānaʻi ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ka hopena therapeutic i loko o 45 mau minuke. Eia kekahi, ma nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau, clavulanic acid, ʻo ka ratio me ka amoxicillin ka like o ka like me ka 125 a 250, 500 a me 850 mg i nā papa.

Hoʻokaʻa iki ka lāʻau i ka protein plasma: clavulanic acid ma kahi o 22-30%, amoxicillin e 17-20%. Hāpai lawe ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o ke akea: clavulanic acid ma kahi kokoke o 50%, a me ka amoxicillin e 10% o ka nui i loaʻa.

Hoʻololi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka hapanui o nā keiki ma loko o nā hola 6 mai ka manawa o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mālama ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi like ʻole:

• haʻahaʻa ka hanu haʻahaʻa -ʻO bronchitis, pneumonia, empyema o ka pleura, ka huhū o ka pūpū,
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kanu ENT sinusitis, otitis media, tonsillitis,
• ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary a me nā mea pelvic a me nā mea e pili ana pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, cervicitis, salpingitis, salpingo-oophoritis, endometritis, bacterial vaginitis a pela aku
• nā ʻili a me nā ʻili palupalu, no ka laʻana, me erysipelas, impetigo, dermatoses maʻi lua, hopohopo, phlegmon,
• ao j ioosteomyelitis, ma hope o nā maʻi,maʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻokō ʻia.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻAʻole kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no:

• haaheo
• hopohopo mononucleosis,
• waiwaiiloli ʻodeslelo jaundicea i ʻole ke ʻeha hana maʻi i kumu e lawe ʻia ai i nā mea like ʻole a me nā mea like ʻole.

Hoʻohana pono ka mālama ʻana i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i nā wahine lactating a me nā wahine hāpai, nā mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka ate, ʻo nā maʻi gastrointestinal.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

Nā ʻōmole palapala ʻAmoxicillin + Clavulanic acid:

• nā papa ʻoniʻoni film: oval, biconvex, kokoke ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha, ke kahakaha "A" ma kēlā ʻaoʻao, "63" ma kēlā ʻaoʻao (250 mg + 125 mg papa), a i ʻole "64" (500 mg + 125 mg papa) ), a i kahakaha ai me ke kaha kiʻi i loko o kahi pōpilikia - "6 | 5" (875 mg + 125 mg papa), ma ka ʻāpana keʻa ke ʻike i kahi ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻōniʻoniʻo e hoʻopuni ʻia ana e ka ʻū a keʻokeʻo a ʻehu paha (7 mau p. i loko o nā blisters, 2 blisters i loko o kahi pahu pahu. )
• ka pauka no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka waha (ʻōpala): granular, kokoke i keʻokeʻo a ʻele paha hoʻi i ke kala (ma ke ʻano o 125 mg + 31.25 mg / 5 ml - 7.35 g kēlā me kēia i loko o nā kīʻaha kikowaena o 150 ml, ma kahi ʻano he 250 mg + 62 5 mg / 5 ml - 14,7 g kēlā me kēia i ka mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia he 150 ml mau pōpoki, kēlā me kēia pahu i loko o kahi pahu pahu
• ka pauku no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi hopena no ka hoʻokele intravenous (iv): mai ke keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻāpana melemele (ma nā pahu wai ml 10, 1 a 10 paha mau pahu i loko o kahi pahu pahu, kāʻei pepa no nā haukapila - mai ka 1 a 50 paha mau hue i loko o kahi pahu pahu. . ^ E Ha yM.

Helu 1 papa:

• nā mea kūlohelohe: amoxicillin (i ke ʻano o trihydrate) - 250 mg, a i 500 mg paha, a i ʻole 875 mg, clavulanic acid (ma ke ʻano o ka pā clavulanate pākuʻi) - 125 mg,
• Nā ʻāpana kōkua

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o 5 ml o ke kaʻaʻaila (hoʻoilo ʻia mai ka pauka no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana)

• nā mea hana ikaika: amoxicillin (i ke ʻano o trihydrate) - 125 mg a me ka acid clavulanic (ma ke ʻano o ka potassium clavulanate) - 31.25 mg, a i ʻole amoxicillin - 250 mg a me ka clavulanic acid - 62.5 mg,
• Nā mea kōkua: xanthan gum, silicon dioxide, hypromellose, aspartame, succinic acid, colloidal silicon dioxide, ʻōpala ʻōpala.

ʻO nā mea hoihoi i 1 pahu o ka pauka no ka hoʻomākaukau o ka hopena no ka hoʻomātoʻa ʻana o ka iv: amoxicillin - 500 mg a me ka waikawa clavulanic - 100 mg, a i olexicillin - 1000 mg a me ka waikawa clavulanic - 200 mg.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Ma hope o ka lawe aku i ka waika Amoxicillin + Clavulanic i loko, ua kiko koke nā mea ikaika a paʻa mai ke kumu gastrointestinal. Loaʻa ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe ma hope o 1-2 mau hola. Ua nānā ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻāpono mālamalama i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻina.

Ke lawe ʻia i ka waha a me ka intravenously, ʻo nā mea ikaika e mau loa iā lākou ka palena o ka paʻa ʻana i nā protein plasma: amoxicillin - 17–20%, ka waikawa clavulanic - 22-30%.

Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ʻelua i kahi kaona maikaʻi o ka hoʻohele ʻia i loko o nā ʻōpū o ke kino a me nā ʻili. Loaʻa ʻia i loko o ka'ōpū, waena o ka pepeiao, pleural a me peritoneal fluids, uterus, ovaries. ʻO nā sinuses, palatine tonsils, synovial fluid, secretch bronchial, muscle tissue, prostate, gall bladder a me nā ʻāpana i ka huna o nā sinuses. Hiki i ka Amoxicillin ke hele i loko o ka waiū umauma, me ka hapa nui o nā penicillins. Loaʻa ka loaʻa o nā punawai clavulanic i nā umauma umauma.

ʻO Amoxicillin a me clavulanic acid e hoʻōla i ka paepae placental. Mai hele i ka pale koko-lolo, hoʻolako ʻia ʻaʻole ʻā ʻia ka meninges.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻelua i loko o ke akea: amoxicillin - e pili ana i ka 10% o ka hoʻomoʻaʻaila, clavulanic acid - ma kahi o 50% o kēiaʻano.

ʻO Amoxicillin (50-75% o ka pona) ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia e nā puʻuwai e ka filomation glomerular a me ka honi tubular. ʻO ka mole Clavulanic (25-40% o ka pane) e hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ka kānana glomerular e nā ʻāpana i ke ʻano o ka metabolites a i ʻole loli. Hoʻopau ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ʻelua i nā hola 6 mua. Hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka liʻiliʻi ma o nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū.

Ma kahi hikiʻole i ka renal nui ka hoʻonui, hoʻonui ka hapalua-ola: no ka amoxicillin - a hiki i nā hola 7, no clavulanic acid - a hiki i ka 4 hola.

Hoʻopau ʻia nā mea kanu antibiotika ikaika i ka wā o hemodialysis, ma kahi liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana ana i ka dialysis peritoneal.

Nā papa hana ʻulaʻī

I ka papa hana, hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka waha. No ke kūlohelohe maikaʻi loa a hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka ʻaoʻao mai ka hoʻopili ʻana, e lawe ʻia nā papa i ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻai.

Hoʻoholo ke kauka i ka hoʻoponopono dosage pakahi wale nō ma muli o ka nui o ka kaʻina o ka infectious, ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi, ka paona o kona kino a me ka hana o ke kau.

Inā pono, hoʻokō i ka hana papa hana: mua, mālama ʻia ka lāʻau ʻAoxicillin + Clavulanic acid ma ka hana, a laila lawe ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano.

Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia i nā wai no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki a me ke kaumaha paha o ke kino ma mua o 40 kg:

• mālie i ke aniani maʻi: 250 mg + 125 mg i kēlā me 8 mau hola a i ʻole 500 mg + 125 mg i kēlā me kēia mau hola 12,
• nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, nā maʻi huhū: 500 mg + 125 mg 3 mau manawa i ka lā a i ʻole 875 mg + 125 mg 2 mau manawa i ka lā.

Pono e hoʻonui ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā nui o ka amoxicillin i kahi 6000 mg, clavulanic acid - 600 mg.

ʻO ka palena iki no ka liʻiliʻi o 5 mau lā, ʻo ka nui loa he 14 lā.2 mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke papa lāʻau, loiloi ke kauka i ke kūlana haukapila a, inā pono, e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻopaʻaʻana no ka pāpā i ka otitis media ʻōpala ʻo 5-7 nā lā.

He mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo no 2 mau papa o 250 mg + 125 mg ma nā huaʻōlelo clavulanic ʻaʻole like me 1 papa o ka 500 mg + 125 mg.

I ka hihia o ka hana renal impaired, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o ka amoxicillin e hilinaʻi nei ma muli o ka cleince hana (CC):

• QC> 30 ml / min: ʻaʻohe hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono
• KK 10-30 ml / min: 2 mau manawa i ka lā, 1 papa 250 mg (no ka maʻi maʻalahi a me ke kahulapule) a i ʻole 1 papa 500 mg,
• QA 30 ml / min.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻōpio ma ka hemodialysis 1 papa o 500 mg + 125 mg a i ʻole 2 mau papa o 250 mg + 125 mg hoʻokahi i ka lā. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻokahi pona i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka wā dialysis session a me kekahi ʻano wai aʻe ma ka hopena o ke kau.

ʻO ka pauka no ka pohō o ka waha

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻAmelika ʻAoxicillin + Clavulanic acid no nā keiki ma lalo o nā makahiki 12.

Ma kēia palapala ʻimi, ua manaʻo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻokele waha. Hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka pauku: ʻū ʻia a hoʻohuhinu ʻia i ka wai inu wai i ka wai i ninini ʻia i loko o kahi pahu 2/3, e lūlū maikaʻi ʻia, a laila e hoʻoponopono ʻia nā kekona i ka hōʻailona (100 ml) a hū hou ʻia. Ma mua o kēlā me kēia hoʻokipa, pono e lūlū i ka vial.

No nā dosis pololei, aia ka pahu i kahi pū me ke kūpoki o ka 2.5 ml, 5 ml a me 10 ml. Pono e holoi me ka wai maʻemaʻe ma hope o kēlā me kēia hoʻohana.

Hoʻoholo ke kauka i ka hoʻoponopono dosage pakahi wale nō ma muli o ka nui o ka kaʻina o ka infectious, ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi, ka paona o kona kino a me ka hana o ke kau.

E hoʻokalakupua i nā mea olakino a hōʻemi i ka hopena o nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka ʻōnaehana kūwī, ʻōkuhi ʻia e lawe i ka pohō o ka ʻAmoxicillin + Clavulanic acid i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi pāʻina.

ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka mālamaʻana ma kahi o 5 mau lā, akā ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 14 mau lā. 2 mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke papa lāʻau, loiloi ke kauka i ke kūlana haukapila a, inā pono, e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka mālama ʻana.

No nā keiki mai 3 mau mahina a hiki i 12 mau makahiki a i ʻole ke kaupaona ʻana a hiki i 40 kg, ke kau ʻia ka pohō ʻana i ka maʻa e like me 125 mg + 31.25 mg no 5 ml a 250 mg + 62.5 mg pākaʻi 5 ml ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā ma nā hola o 8 mau hola.

ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia lā no ka amoxicillin he 20 mg / kg, ʻo ka nui o 40 mg / kg. I nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau no ka tonsillitis pinepine, nā maʻi o ka ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo palupalu. I nā kūwaha kiʻekiʻe - me ka sinusitis, nā uʻai otitis, nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka urinary tract, nā iwi a me nā ʻāpana.

No nā keiki mai ka hānau ʻana a hiki i 3 mau mahina, e ʻōlelo ʻia i kahi lā i kēlā me kēia lā he 30 mg / kg o amoxicillin. Pono e mahele ʻia i 2 mau pona.

ʻAʻohe mea hāʻawi i ka pauku dosage no nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻia.

I kahi kūlana o ka hana renal impaired, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ka amoxicillin e hilinaʻi nei ma ka QC:

• QC> 30 ml / min: ʻaʻohe hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono
• KK 10-30 ml / min: 15 mg + 3.75 mg no ka nui o ka paona kino i ʻelua mau lā i ka lā, akā ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mg + 125 mg pālua i ka lā.
• QC

Nā hopena hopena

Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana me ʻAmoxicillin + Clavualanic acid, kēlā me kēia ʻano like paha e kū i ke kaomi ʻana, hana o ke koko, ka ʻōpala o nā ʻaoʻao, a pēlā aku.

No laila, hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao: nausea, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, gastritis, stomatitis, glossitis, jaundice cholestatic, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, dizziness, headache, hyperactivity, hopohopo. a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kamaʻāina a me nā hopena kūlohelohe a me na hopena e ae lahui.

Hōʻikeʻike Kūleʻa-ʻAmelika Kauka 1

Ho‘ohana mahiʻai. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka amoxicillin a me ka waikawa clavulanic, kahi mea paʻa o ka beta-lactamase. Hana ia i ka bactericidal, pale i ka synthesis o ka paia bakalula. Hoʻopau i ka kūleʻa aerobic gram-positive bacteria (me ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kaha): Staphylococcus aureus, aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp., Moraxella catarrhalis. ʻO nā pathogens e ʻike wale nei. i loko o vitro : Mokuakauiopalehu epidermidis,Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus anthracis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium spp., Listeria monocytogenes, anaerobic gram-positive bacteria: Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., anaerobic Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., aerobic gram-negative bacteria (me ka ulu ʻana o ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kaha o nā kaha): Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella pertussis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Yersinia multocida (mamua Pasteurella), Campylobacter jejuni, anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (me ka uaua o ka hana ʻana i ka beta-lactamases): ʻO nā Bacteroides spp., komo me Hoʻokomo nā huapili. Hoʻopili ka Clavulanic acid i nā ʻano II, III, IV a me nā ʻano o beta-lactamase, ʻaʻole kūlike i ka type I beta-lactamases i hoʻoili ʻia Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp., Acinetobacter spp. ʻO ka waikawa Clavulanic he tropism kiʻekiʻe no nā penicillinases, ma muli o ia e hoʻopiha ai i kahi pūpū paʻa me ka enzyme, i kāohi ai i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka enzymatic i ka amoxicillin ma lalo o ka mana o beta-lactamases.

Lapaʻau lāʻau Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha, ua komo like nā ʻāpana ʻelua i ka hana kūwili ʻana. ʻAʻohe pili pili ka ingestion i ka hoʻopili ʻana. T c i_max - 45 mau minuke Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono waha ʻana i kahi pona o 250/125 mg i kēlā me kēia 8 hola C_max amoxicillin - 2.18-4.5 μg / ml, clavulanic acid - 0.8-2.2 μg / ml, ma kahi awʻai o 500/125 mg i kēlā me kēia mau hola 12_max amoxicillin - 5.09–7.91 μg / ml, clavulanic acid - 1.19–2.41 μg / ml, ma kahi pāʻālua o 500/125 mg i kēlā me kēia 8 hola C_max amoxicillin - 4.94–9.46 μg / ml, clavulanic acid - 1.57–3.23 μg / ml, ma kahi lemona o 875/125 mg C_max amoxicillin - 8.82-14.38 μg / ml, clavulanic acid - 1.21–3.19 μg / ml. Ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana iv i nā helu ma ka lā 1000/500 a me 500/100 mg C_max amoxicillin - 105.4 a 32.2 μg / ml, kēlā me kēlā, a me ka clavulanic acid - 28,5 a me 10.5 μg / ml. ʻO ka manawa e hiki ai i kahi neʻe o ka inhibitation loa o 1 μg / ml no ka amoxicillin e like me ka wā i hoʻohana ʻia ma hope o 12 mau hola a 8 mau hola i nā pākeke a me nā keiki. Nā kamaʻilio me nā protein plasma: amoxicillin - 17-20%, clavulanic acid - 22-30%. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻelua i ka puʻu: amoxicillin - e 10% o ka ʻōhua hoʻolaʻa, clavulanic acid - e 50%. T_1/2 ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana ma ka paona o 375 a me 625 mg, he 1 a me 1,3 hola no ka amoxicillin, 1,2 a me 0.8 mau hola no ka clavulanic acid, ma ia. T_1/2 ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana iv i kahi maʻi o 1200 a 600 mg, 0.9 a me 1.07 h no ka amoxicillin, 0.9 a me 1.12 h no ka clavulanic acid, ma ia. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia ma nā ʻōpū (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion): 50-75 a me 25–40% o ka hoʻomoʻi ʻana o ka dosis amoxicillin a me ka waikawa clavulanic i kahuli ʻole ia i loli, kēlā me kēia manawa, ma nā hola 6 he nui ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana.

Nā Hōʻike. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi i mālama ʻia e nā maʻi pathogens: nā maʻi o ka hanu haʻahaʻa (bronchitis, pneumonia, empural, pleural empyema, heʻeha o ka lā), nā maʻi o nā kino ENT (sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media), nā maʻi a me nā hanana genitourinary a me nā pelvic organ (pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, cervicitis, salpingitis, salpingoophoritis, tubo-ovarian abscess, endometritis, bacterial vaginitis, septic abort, postpartum sepsis, pelvioperitonitis, lemes chancre, gonorrhea), nā maʻi o ke kino a me nā ʻōpio palupalu (erysipelas, impetigo, lua akā, mailoko o dermatoses, abscesses, cellulitis, eha maʻiʻaʻai), osteomyelitis, postoperative nā mea palahēhē, Kāohiʻana o nā mea palahēhē iʻoki kino.

Nā Hoʻohui ʻO ka hypersensitivity (e pili ana i ka cephalosporins a me nā antibiotika beta-lactam), mononucleosis hopohopo (me ke ʻano o ka nui o nā measles-like rash), phenylketonuria, nā manawa like i ka hana jaundice a i ʻole nā ​​hana aʻeha āpau ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka amoxicillin / clavulanic acid i ka mōʻaukala CC ma mua o 30 ml / min (no nā papa 875 mg / 125 mg).

Me ka makaʻala. ʻO ka ʻōpū, lactation, hōʻeha kaulike o ka ate, nā maʻi gastrointestinal (me ka mōʻaukala o ka colitis e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā penicillins), nā pilikia renal.

Kākau hana ma ka ʻōpū. B

ʻĀnō I loko, ke / in.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā dosis ma nā huaʻōlelo o kaxxillillin. Hoʻonohonoho ka ʻākā dosage hoʻokahi me ka paʻakikī o ke papa a me kahi i kau ʻia ai, ka ʻike o ka pathogen.

ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki iho nei - ma ke ʻano o ka pohō, kahe a hoʻoneʻe paha no ka mālama waha.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia hoʻokahi awelika ma muli o ka makahiki: mau keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina - 30 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau puʻupaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale, 3 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku - no ka maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻōpōpō - 25 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau ʻāpana i hoʻokoe a 20 paha / kg / lā i nā helu he 3, me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi - 45 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau lāʻau a i ʻole 40 mg / kg / lā ma 3 mau dona.

ʻO nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki a he kaumaha paha 40 kg a ʻoi paha: 500 mg 2 mau manawa / lā a i ʻole 250 mg 3 mau lā / lā. I nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a me nā hopena o ka hanu - 875 mg 2 mau manawa / lā a i ʻole 500 mg 3 mau manawa / lā.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka lā maʻamau o ka amoxicillin no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 6 g, no nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki - 45 mg / kg paona kino.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka lā no clavulanic acid no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 600 mg, no nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki - 10 mg / kg paona kino.

Me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī i ka poʻe pākeke, ke hāpai ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kāpae ʻana.

I ka wā e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka pohō, hoʻōla a hoʻokahe, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka wai me he pākālā.

Ke hāʻawi ʻia ma intravenously, hāʻawi ʻia nā pākeke a me nā ʻōpio ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 1 g (no ka amoxicillin) 3 mau manawa i ka lā, inā pono 4 mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO ka nui loa o ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā he 6. kahi mau keiki no ka mau makahiki he 12 a keu - 25 mg / kg 3 mau manawa i ka lā, i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi - 4 mau lā i kēia lā, no nā keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina: ka mua a me ka manawa o ka perinatal - 25 mg / kg 2 hoʻokahi lā i kahi lā, i ka wā postperinatal - 25 mg / kg 3 mau manawa i ka lā.

ʻO ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana a hiki i nā lā 14, nīpī otitis media - a hiki i 10 lā.

No ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi postoperative i ka wā o ka hana e mau loa ana ma lalo o 1 hola, ke hoʻolale ʻia kahi kōpona o 1 g iv i ka wā komo anesthesia. No nā hana lōʻihi - 1 g kēlā me 6 mau hola no ka lā. I ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻokele no nā lā he nui.

Ina e ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka pilikia renal, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻoponopono a me nā ʻōmole ma waena o ka nui o CC: me CC me ka 30 ml / min, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wai, me CC 10-30 ml / min: i loko - 250-500 mg / lā i kēlā me kēia mau hola 12, iv - 1 g, a laila 500 mg iv, me CC ma lalo o 10 ml / min - 1 g, a laila 500 mg / lā iv a i ʻole 250-500 mg / lā ma ka hele hoʻokahi. No nā keiki, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena ma ke ʻano.

ʻO nā mea maʻi ma ka hemodialysis - 250 mg a i ʻole 500 mg i ka waha i loko o kahi i hoʻokahi a i ʻole 500 mg iv, he 1 hou i ka wā o ka dialysis a me kahi waiʻi hou 1 ma ka hope o ka dialysis.

Loaʻa ka hopena. Mai ka pūnaehana ʻana: ka mualala, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi gastritis, stomatitis, glossitis, ka nui o ka hana ʻana o nā transaminases "ate", i nā hihia kaʻawale - jaundice cholestatic, hepatitis, hana ʻole ka lolo (ma ka maʻamau o nā ʻelemakule, nā kāne, me ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau), pseudomembranous a me hemorrhagic colitis (hiki ke hoʻomohala pū ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia), enterocolitis, ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele “ʻuluʻulu”, ʻeleʻele i ka enamel niho.

Hematopoietic i nā hui: ke hoʻonui hou ʻana i ka manawa prothrombin a me ka manawa kahe, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia.

Mai ka ʻōnaehana o ka pīpī: dizziness, headache, hyperactivity, hopohopo, ke hoʻololi ʻana o ka hanana, nā hoʻopaʻi.

Nā kūloko kūloko: i kekahi mau hihia, phlebitis ma kahi o ka hoʻokele intravenous.

Nā maʻi alerine: urticaria, erythematous rashes, jarang - multiforme exudative erythema, anaphylactic shock, angioedema, very rare - exfoliative dermatitis, malignant exudative erythema (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), vasculitis allergic, ʻ syndromelelo, ʻokoʻa osteoarthritis ulia . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe: kandidiasis, hoʻomohala o ka superinfection, interstitial nephritis, crystalluria, hematuria.

Ke keu. Nā hōʻailona: ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka pā gastrointestinal a me ka kaulike wai-electrolyte.

Hoʻohana: hōʻailona. He ʻoliʻoli maikaʻi ka hemodialysis.

Hoʻohui. Hoʻokomo i nā antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, aminoglycosides a hōʻemi i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana, ka waikawa ascorbic e hoʻonui i ka komo ʻana.

ʻO nā lāʻau Bacteriostatic (macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) i kahi hopena antagonistic.

Hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka anticoagulants kūpaʻa (ke kāohi ʻana i ka microflora pono o ka ʻōpū, hōʻemi i ka hoʻāla ʻana o ka vitamina K a me ka ʻōlelo prothrombin). Me ka hoʻokolohua mau ʻana o nā anticoagulants, pono ia e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka coagulability koko.

Hoʻemi i ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā mea hoʻohālikelike waha, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, i ka wā o ka metabolism i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ʻo PABA, ethinyl estradiol - ka hopena o ke kaila "breakthrough".

Diuretics, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e kāohi ana i ka ʻōlelo huna tubular e hoʻonui i ka ʻai o ka amoxicillin (clavulanic acid e hoʻoneʻe loa ʻia e ka glomerular filtration).

Hoʻopili ka Allopurinol i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻāʻī i kahi ʻili.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī. Me kahi papa o ka mālama ʻana, pono ia e nānā i ke ʻano o ka hana o ke koko, a me nā aʻalā.

I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka gastrointestinal tract, pono ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻai.

Hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka superinfection ma muli o ka ulu o ka microflora insensitive iā ia, pono e koi i ka loli like me ka lāʻau antibiotic.

Hāʻawi paha i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hopena o ka glucose i ka pā. I kēia hihia, ʻoi ʻia e hoʻohana i ke ʻano o ka glucose oxidant no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o ka glucose i nā pāʻai.

Ma hope o ka ninini ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana no 7 mau lā i loko o ka friji, akā ʻaʻole maloʻo.

I nā mea maʻi me ka hypersensitivity i ka penicillins, hiki i nā hopena cross-allergic me nā cephalosporin antibiotics.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā colitis necrotizing i nā keiki hou a i nā wahine hāpai a me ka wehe mua ʻana o nā membranes.

No ka mea ke kau nei nā papa i ka nui o ka nui o ka clavulanic acid (125 mg), pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ua 2 mau papa o 250 mg (no ka amoxicillin) ʻaʻole i like me 1 papa no ka 500 mg (no ka amoxicillin).

Kākau mokuʻāina i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopuka kūmole: i 2 mau leo ​​M: Medical Council, 2009. - Vol. 2, ʻāpana 1 - 568 s., ʻĀpana 2 - 560 s.

Nā Kūlana Moho

ʻO Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid e hana ʻia ma ke ʻano o:

• nā papa pani ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe,
• ka clavulanic acid i ka manawa maʻamau ʻo 0.125 g,
• pauxicillin
  • 250,
  • 500,
  • 875,
• pauku no ka hoʻōki - 156 mg / 5 ml, 312 mg / 5 ml,
• ka pauku no ka paʻi ʻana me ka maʻa o 600 mg / 1200 mg.

I ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka paʻakikī, loaʻa ka clavulanic acid e like me ka paʻakai pākūkā - potoma clavulanate.

Loaʻa nā papa ʻōlelo Amoxicillin + Clavulanate i kahi kūlana oblong biconvex, keʻokeʻo ma ke kala me ka loaʻa ʻole ka loli. Ma kahi o nā mea hana ʻokoʻa, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā papa i:

• nā mea hana - silikon dioxide, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose,
• i ka umu - polyethylene glycol, hypromellose, titanium dioxide.

Amoxicillin + Clavualanic acid, nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana (Ke ʻano a me ke ʻano)

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kumu o kēia mau mea no ka lawelawe waha, intravenous a intramuscular. Ma kēia hihia, ua kau ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi, ka papaʻa a me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi, ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ke pathogen, kahi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi a me nā ʻano o ka mea maʻi.

No ka mea, ʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi ma lalo o ka 12 mau makahiki e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke ʻano o ka mea 'ai i ka māhu, a i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai a hāʻule paha, kahi mau mea no ka hoʻohana kūloko. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pākahi hoʻokahi ma ke kaupaona ʻana a me nā makahiki o nā mea maʻi.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā no ka amoxicillin no nā keiki mai 12 mau makahiki a ʻo nā mea maʻi maʻi he 6 g, a no nā poʻe maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki, ua pono ke kaupaona ʻana i ka nui o 45 mg pākeke paona.

ʻO ka dosis u ka loa o ka acid clavulanic no nā keiki mai 12 mau makahiki a ʻo nā pākeke he 600 mg, a no nā keiki haʻahaʻa ma mua o 12 mau makahiki i ka nui o 10 mg no ka paona o ka paona.

ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o ka mālamaʻana hiki ke 10-14 lā lā.

Hoʻolāleʻa hana Antimicrobial

Loaʻa i ka hoʻohuihui Amoxicillin / Clavulanic i ka hana bactericidal, maikaʻi i ka huakini a me ka protozoa maʻa i ka amoxicillin, me nā beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kānana.

Hana ʻia ka hana Bactericidal ma ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka peptidoglycan bacterial i pono no ka paia o ka pa o ka maʻi bacterial.

ʻO ka laulā palahalaha o ka pale i mālama ʻia i ka antibiotic amoxicillin me ka clavulanic acid e komo:

• aerobes hae
  • Staphylococcus sp., E komo pū ai i nā ʻĀpeleka a me nā naʻau o ka Staphylococcus aureus,
  • mokopaopa, pneumococci, hemolytic streptococcus,
  • enterococci,
  • listeria
• Aerobes Gram-negative - Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Moxarell, Neisseria, Helicobacter pylori,
• anaerobes gram-positibo - clastridia, peptococci,
• anaerobes gram-hewa - bacteroids, fusobacteria.

ʻO nā penicillins Semisynthetic, nā waiwai e loaʻa ai ma ka ʻaoʻao Penicillin Row, ua hoʻomohala i ka kūʻē i ke kaua o nā maʻi he nui.

Ka loaʻa ʻana o ka kūleʻa i ka semisynthetic penicillin amoxicillin i kahi mau wahi o Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterococcus, Corynebacter. ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻalopelo i ka amoxicillin / clavulanate chlamydia a me mycoplasma.

ʻAʻole hana ʻo Clavulanic acid i nā beta-lactamases, kahi i hoʻoiho ʻia:

• Loaʻa iā Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nona ka "ʻōpū o ka manaʻo" hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi koke i ka antibiotics, e hoʻomohala ana i nā kūʻē i kū iā lākou,
• nā huaʻehā - nā bakela e hōʻeha i nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū, ka pūnaehana urinary, ka ʻili.
• Acinetobacter (Acinetobacter) - ke kumu o ka septicemia, meningitis, i waiho ʻia ma 2017 e ka hui ʻo WHO ma ka papa inoa o nā maʻi ʻehaʻeha loa.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻopili koke ʻia nā mea ikaika o ka lāʻau i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai ka waha, a ke paʻi ʻia ka lāʻau i ka intravenously. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka mākaukau hui ʻo Amoxicillin / Clavulanate i loko o ke koko, e pono ai no ka hopena therapeutic i hana ʻia ma hope o 45 mau minuke.

Hoʻokomo iki nā mea o ka lāʻau i nā protein koko, a ʻo 70-80% o ka lāʻau i loaʻa i ke koko me ka manuahi.

Hoʻopili i nā mea ola ikaika i loko o ke akea:

• amoxicillin - ua hoʻololi ʻia ka 10% o nā antibiotic i loaʻa.
• clavulanic i - nāna i 50% o ka pūhui kikohoʻe komo.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Amoxicillin e ka ʻōnaehana urinary. ʻO ka hapalua o ka ola o ka lāʻau i hui pūʻia, ma muli o ke kauʻana, ʻo 1,3 hola.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā kuhikuhi, ma waena o 6 mau hola.

ʻAmelika Amoxicillin + Clavulanic i kuhikuhi ʻia no nā keiki a me nā pākeke ma ke ʻano o nā papa, papaʻa, hoʻopiʻi ʻia, inikini intravenous i loko o ka pauku i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana.

ʻO nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻokele ʻo amoxicillin / clavulanate he mau maʻi.

• ea kalepa:
  • loaʻa i ka pneumonia kaiāulu, pulmonary abscess,
  • pleurisy
  • ʻOluomini
• Nā maʻi ENT:
  • sinusitis
  • tonsillitis, tonsillitis,
  • otitis media
• kanapiana genitourinary:
  • pyelonephritis,
  • ka hana ʻana o nā ʻōpala fallopian, endometritis, cervicitis, prostatitis,
  • kahakaha, gonorrhea,
• ʻili:
  • erysipelas
  • phlegmon
  • impetigo
  • cellulite
  • pōʻai holoholona
• osteomyelitis
• no ka pale a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi postoperative.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana

ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka amoxicillin a me nā wai clavulanic ma mua o 2 mau pule. Pono e mālama i ka media otitis media i nā lā 10.

Hōʻemi ʻia ka lāʻau i nā papa i ka wai i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai me ka meaʻai. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pauku no ka ʻaʻa ʻana me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia, ka nui o nā hapalua o ka hapa aniani.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki a me nā pākeke me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka amoxicillin.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoponopono lāʻau lapaʻau kū hoʻokahi e pili ana i ka makahiki, ke kaumaha, ka hana a me ka ʻōnaehana urinary, a me ka localization o ka lesion.

Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka 0.5 g o ka amoxicillin / 125 mg o clavulanic i-ʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia iā ʻoe me nā kuʻi o 250 mg / 125 mg.

ʻO ka nui o ka clavulanate i ka hihia hope aʻe e kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻoi aku ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pilikino pili ʻana o ka lāʻau maʻi i ka lāʻau.

ʻAʻole pono ia i kēlā me kēia lā:

• kaohuan20
  • mahope iho o ka 12 l - 6 g
  • malalo o 12 liters - ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma kahi o 45 mg / kg,
• clavulanic i:
  • ma luna o 12 l. - 600 mg
  • ʻōpiopio ma mua o 12 liters - 10 mg / kg.

Nā papa hana no nā pākeke, ke aʻo

He makua, ʻo nā keiki ma mua o 40 kg e kuhikuhi ʻia iā Amoxicillin / Clavulanate e like me nā ʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia:

• me kahi papa maʻalahi o ka maʻi:
  • ʻekolu / d. 0.25 g
  • palua i ka la. 500 mg
• me nā maʻi pāpaʻi, nā maʻi ʻino loa:
  • ʻekolu / lā. 0,5 g
  • palua i ka la. 0.875 g.

ʻO ka pauka no ka ʻaina o nā keiki

ʻO ka mākaukau nui no ka helu ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana he paona a me ka makahiki. Hoʻomau ʻia ʻo Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid i loko o kēlā me kēia lā:

• mai ka hanau ana no 3 malama. - inu 30 mg / kg i kakahiaka / i ke ahiahi,
• 3 mahina a i ka 12 l .:.
  • me kahi papa maʻalahi o ka maʻi:
    • hana ʻia me 25 mg / kg ʻelua / d.,
    • hoʻopau i 20 mg / kg 3 r. i 24 mau hola,
  • hōʻeha ʻeha
    • inu i 45 mg / kg 2 p. / 24 hola.,
    • lawe iā 40 mg / kg 3 p. / 24 hola

Pono ke keiki ma lalo o ke 12 makahiki o ke kāpae ʻia he ʻekolu manawa / lā. ʻO hoʻokahi mau kikoo o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i pau:

• 9 mahina - 2 mau makahiki - 62.5 mg o ka amoxicillin,
• mai 2 l. a i 7 lita - 125,
• 7 l a hiki i 12 liters - 250 mg.

Hiki i ka pediatrician ke hoʻonui a hoʻoemi paha i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o ke kaumaha, makahiki o ke keiki a me ka nui o ka maʻi.

Hoʻohui

I ka lapaʻau ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hui pū meantacids, Hoʻolauleʻa, laxatives a kaʻaoglikua aia ka hiolo ana a me ka emi ana o ka inau, a ascorbic acid i kēlā me kēia, hoʻomāhuahua i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana.

ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau bacteriostatic, e like me: macrolides, lincosamides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines a sulfonamideshōʻike i ka hopena antagonistic.

Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻonui i ka pono o nā anticoagulants kūlike, ka mea i mālama ʻia e ka hoʻokaumaha o ka ʻawa microflora, kahi hōʻemi i loko o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka huaora K K a me ka kuhikuhi prothrombin. ʻO ka hui pū me nā anticoagulants e pono e nānā pono i ka coagulation koko.

Hoemi ʻia ka hana Contraceptives waha, ethinyl estradiol, ʻOiai nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka PABA, e hoʻonui ana i ke kahe. Diuretics, Phenylbutazone, Allopurinol, nā mea wehe e kāohi ana i ka ʻili huna tubular - hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kao o ka amoxicillin.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Pono e mālama ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻaoʻao ma lalo o ka kaohi o nā hana o ke koko, nā ʻōpū a me nā puʻuwai. No ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hōʻemi o nā hana i makemake ʻole ʻia i ka digestive tract, pono pono e lawe ʻia ka lāʻau me ka meaʻai.

Me ka ulu ʻana o ka microflora lāʻau-insensitive i hoʻomohala ʻia, e ulu ka superinfection, e koi ana i ka maʻi antibacterial kūpono. Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i kekahi mau manawa i nā hihia e hoʻoholo ai i ka glucose i ka pā. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho hoʻoliʻiliʻi glucose.kekuhii ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o ka urine.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka hoʻōla ʻia nā diluted i loko o ka friji, akā ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 7 mau lā, me ka ʻole o ka manuahi. I ka maʻi me ka intolerance penicillinshui me nā maʻi kūlohelohe i hui pū ʻia me cephalosporin antibiotics.

ʻO ka like o nā papa ma ka huina ʻo clavulanic acid, ʻo ia ka 125 mg, no laila e noʻonoʻo ʻia i loko o nā 2 papa o 250 mg kēlā me kēia ʻokoʻa o nā ʻano mea like ʻole, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 500 mg.

ʻO ka lā kau

Ke hōʻike nei nā mea kikoʻī nui e nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Amovicomb, Amoxivan, Amoxiclav, Quicktab, Amoxicillin trihydrate + Potassium clavulanate, Arlet, Augmentin, Baktoklav, Verklav, Klamosar, Liklav, Medoklav, Panclav, Ranklav, Rapiklav, Taromentin, Fibell, Flemoklav a Ecoclave.

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me kekahi antibiotik, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka inu ʻona, ʻoiai e hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka lāʻau a hoʻonui i ka nui o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

Nā Hōʻikeʻike iā Amoxicillin + Clavualanic Acid

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo ka antibiotika ka nui loa o nā kūkā i kūkākūkā i nā kumuhana like ʻole. Hoʻopau like nā mea maʻi e pili ana i ka hiki a me ka palekana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka manawa like, ʻo nā loiloi e pili ana iā Amoxicillin + Clavualanic acid hoʻomākaukau e i loko o ka hapa he nui.

ʻAʻohe mea kānalua i ka pono o kēia maʻi maʻi, no laila ua kuhikuhi ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano o nā maʻi nui loa. Eia nō naʻe, ua makemake nui nā mea maʻi i ka clavulanic acid, ʻo ia nō a pehea e hui pū ai me ka amoxicillin, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana a palalupalu i kona hopena. Pono e ʻike ʻia o kēia ʻano he hana pono o kona mau ʻano.

Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau i nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā wahine hāpai. Akā ua aʻo nui nā poʻe loea e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa. Amoxiclav. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia kēia e nā wahine i mālama ʻia me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā manawa maʻamau. o ka hāpai ʻana. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke kānāwai, kōkua mau ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole me ka ʻole ke hana ʻino i ka mea maʻi a i ʻole hoʻi i ka hapā.

ʻO nā antibiotics ka ʻāpana o nā regimens therapeutic i pili i ka mālama ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi bacterial. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka lawe ʻia ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka kuhikuhi ʻana e ke kauka. Akā pono ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pathogen i kēia lāʻau. Eia wale nō ke hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hopena maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha i ke kino.

Nā ʻōlelo inikini IV, nā ʻōlelo aʻo i nā pākeke

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid ma hope o 12 mau makahiki ʻekolu o nā lā a i ʻole 4 r. / Lā i kahi pāʻina

• me kahi papa mālie o ka maʻi - 1 g,
• i ka hihia o ka maʻi koʻikoʻi - 1200 mg.

Nā ʻōkuhi IV no nā keiki, nā ʻōlelo

ʻO kahi keiki i ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mau makahiki i kauoha ʻia i ka antibiotic:

• 3 mahina., Nā pēpē makua mai 22 mau pule - ʻelua / lā / lā. 25 mg / kg
• 3 mahina a i ka 12 l .:.
  • kahe maʻalahi - ʻekolu mau lā i ka lā 25 mg / kg,
  • i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi - 4 mau manawa / lā. 25 mg / kg.

Hoʻopuka ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma kahi ʻoi ma kahi hana hōʻemi ma ka liʻiliʻi, kahi ana i loko o ka ml / min.

• emi iho ma mua o 30 akā ʻoi aku ma mua o 10:
  • ka palena ma ka papa he 0.25 g –0,5 g ma hope o 12 mau hola.
  • i loko / i - ʻelua mau lā i ka lā, mua 1 g, mahope mai - 0, 5 g,
• malalo o ka 10:
  • e ʻili - 0, 25 g a i ʻole 0, 5 g,
  • i loko / i loko - 1 g, ma hope o ka 0.5 g.

Hiki i ke kauka wale ke hoʻoponopono i ka hewa ma muli o nā hopena o kahi hōʻike no ka hana excretory.

ʻAe ʻia ka ʻōmole Amoxicillin / Clavulanic e mālama i nā maʻi maʻi hemodialysis. Ka manawa ma hope o 12 l:.

• papa - 250 mg / 0,5 g
• inikua iv - 0,5 g - 1 manawa.

I ka wā o ka hoʻolālā hemodialysis i ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena o ka hālāwai, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou i loko o hoʻokahi pākahi.

Hoʻopili i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻopilikia ʻana o Amoxicillin / Clavulanate i ka wā e lawe pū ana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

• antacids - nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i ka hōʻohu o ka ʻōpū,
• kinohiokoli
• laxatives
• glucosamine.

Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hui hoʻohui C hua hoʻohui, ʻoiai ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka allopurinol, nā NSAIDs, nā konohala kalima a hoʻonui i kona ʻikepili i loko o ke koko, e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka helu o ka filtration glomerular i loko o nā keiki.

ʻO Amoxicillin / Clavulanate me nā antibiotika me kahi hopena bacteriostatic - macrolides, lincosamines, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol - ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi like i ka manawa like.

Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, ua hoʻololi ka hopena o nā hana:

• anticoagulants - hoʻonui, no ka mea o ke kaohi o ka coagulability koko e koi,
• nā hana hoʻohua - hoʻēmi.

ʻAʻole ia i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā ʻōlelo kauoha no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Amoxicillin / Clavulanate i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai ʻona, ʻoiai e hoʻonui nei i ka ukana ma luna o nā pūpū a hoʻonui i ka hopena o nā hopena pili.

Kahawai

Amoxicillin / Clavulanate teratogenic i loko o ka papa B. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole i hōʻike i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole no ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka pūpū, ʻaʻole lawa nā hōʻike maʻi ma ka palekana piha o ka lāʻau.

Ponoʻo Amoxillin + Clavulanate e like me nā kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ke kumumanaʻo i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka. ʻO ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana iā Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid i nā wahine hāpai he hiki wale nō e like me nā hōʻike ʻana, me ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana i ka hopena kūpono o ka lāʻau a me kona hopena i ka ʻōpū.

Arlet, Amoxiclav, Panclave, Ranklav, Augmentin, Flemoklav Solutab, Quicktab, Klavocin, Moksiklav.

Nā kumumanaʻo Amoxicillin clavulanic acid

ʻO nā hui o amoxicillin clavulanic acid i hui pū ʻia e hoʻomākaukau ai i nā mea nui - amoxicillin a me clavulanic acid, me nā ʻano o nā mea kōkua, e like ʻole no nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole.

Amoxiclav

ʻO Amoxiclav kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i mea maʻi me ka nui o nā hopena. A ʻelua mau mea nui:

• Amoxicillin - ʻo ka waiwai ikaika, ka antibiotine ʻo ia iho,
• ʻO Clavulanic waikawa - he mau wahi antibacterial liʻiliʻi. ʻO kāna hana koʻikoʻi ʻo ia ka mālama i ka amoxicillin mai nā hopena kūlohelohe o ke kai kūloko o ke kanaka.

Wahi a ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano mea kōkua like ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻokoʻa nā ka palena o nā mea nui:

• Nā papa i loaʻa 250 mg, 875 mg a i ʻole 500 mg o kahi mea hoʻohui antibacterial a me 125 mg o ka waikawa. ʻO nā mea waiwai e komo: ka silika dioxide, triethyl citrate, titanium dioxide, cellulose a me talc,
• Hoʻopau 5 ml o ka wai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia he 125 mg o amoxicillin a me 31 mg o ka mea pale. I ka mea no ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i kona ʻano a me ka hoʻāʻo maikaʻi, ka citric acid, cellulose, sodium benzoate a me nā ʻano ʻono ʻē aʻe ua hoʻohui ʻia i loko.

ʻO Amoxiclav kahi mea hoʻohālikelike o amoxicillin clavulanate, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā ala like ʻole e like me nā lawaiʻa o nā antibacterial e loaʻa nei i ka amoxicillin a me ka clavulanic acid. Ua emi iki ke kumukuai o keia laau a malalo o ke kulana kumukuai o na hui. Akā ma ka awelika, ʻokoʻa nā mea ʻokoʻa (50-100 rubles).

• 500 mg nā papa e kūʻai ʻia ma kahi 340-360 rubles no 15 mau ʻāpana,
• ʻO ka pauma no ka hana ʻana o 100 ml o ke kahina no ke kumukūʻai o 300 mau rubles,
• ʻO kahi hoʻonā no ka hoʻokele makua - 850-900 rubles no 5 mau pahu pākuhi i loaʻa iā 1 g o ka amoxicillin i kēlā me kēia.

Flemoklav Solutab

ʻO kahi analogue haʻahaʻa loa i ka lāʻau ʻo Amoxicillin ʻo Flemoklav Solutab. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ʻē kona ʻano i nā mea i ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻano o Amoxiclav, akā aia wale nō i ke ʻano papa. I kēia hana, kūpono wale ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki makua a me nā pākeke.

Nā papa papa 20, kahi ana e 125 mg o ka amoxicillin a me 31 ml o ka clavulanic acid, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i nā hale kūʻai kūʻai no 300-320 mau rubles. ʻOi aku kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea nui ma mua o nā kumukūʻai - 500-520 rubles no 14 mau papa o 875 mg i kēlā me kēia.

ʻO Augmentin ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea kuʻuna o ka waikawa amoxicillin clavulanic. ʻO kā lākou mau kikowaena, ua hui like ʻelua - ʻelua mau māhele, a me ka cellulose, potasiuma, silika a pēlā aku. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kumukūʻai e like like me kēlā me nā mea hana like.

Kuhi puka:

• Hoʻopili no ka pēpē
• Nā Palaki
• ʻOka hoʻonā ʻana.

ʻO kahi maʻa lāʻau lapaʻau nui e hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi mea haole a i ʻole mea hoʻokūkū Lūkini, makemake i ka dosage makemake ʻia a me ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe i nā loiloi, e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi kekahi mea hoʻoneʻe iā Amoxicillin clavulanic acid me kekahi ʻano loiloi mai ka papa inoa o nā maʻi i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

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Hoʻohālikelike papaʻaina

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili o ka lāʻau Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid

Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid
Kākau i ka papa inoa o nā kikoʻī
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid (Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid) Antibiotic-penicillin semi-synthetic + beta-lactamase inhibitor Nā papa i hoʻopuka ʻia, lyophilisate no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi hopena intravenous, hoʻōla no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā waha, nā papa, ka paukū no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi hopena intravenous, nā papa. papa pālahalaha

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka amoxicillin a me ka waikawa clavulanic, kahi mea paʻa o ka beta-lactamase. Hana ia i ka bactericidal, pale i ka synthesis o ka paia bakalula.

ʻO ke kūleʻa e kū'ē i nā maʻi aerobic gram-positive (me ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kumuʻala): Staphylococcus aureus,

aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp., Moraxella catarrhalis.

ʻO nā pathogens e hōʻike wale nei i ka vitro: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus anthracis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium spp., Listeria monocytogenes, anaerobic

aerobic gram-negative bacteria (me nā beta-lactamase-produs i nā māla): Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bordetella pertussis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gemoriöferis yeroniferidaerieriididae ), Campylobacter jejuni,

Anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (me ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kaha): ʻO nā Bacteroides spp., me nā Bacteroides fragilis.

Hoʻopili i nā waikela Clavulanic i nā ʻano II, III, IV a me V beta-lactamases, ʻaʻole kūlike i ka type I beta-lactamases, i hana ʻia e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp., Acinetobacter spp. ʻO ka waikawa Clavulanic he tropism kiʻekiʻe no nā penicillinases, ma muli o ia e hoʻopiha ai i kahi pūpū paʻa me ka enzyme, i kāohi ai i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka enzymatic i ka amoxicillin ma lalo o ka mana o beta-lactamases.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi i mālama ʻia e nā maʻi pathogens: nā maʻi o ka hanu haʻahaʻa (bronchitis, pneumonia, empural, pleural empyema, heʻeha o ka lā), nā maʻi o nā kino ENT (sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media), nā maʻi a me nā hanana genitourinary a me nā pelvic organ (pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, cervicitis, salpingitis, salpingoophoritis, tubo-ovarian abscess, endometritis, bacterial vaginitis, septic abort, postpartum sepsis, pelvioperitonitis, lemes chancre, gonorrhea), nā maʻi o ke kino a me nā ʻōpio palupalu (erysipelas, impetigo, lua akā, mailoko o dermatoses, abscesses, cellulitis, eha maʻiʻaʻai), osteomyelitis, postoperative nā mea palahēhē, Kāohiʻana o nā mea palahēhē iʻoki kino.

Nā hopena hopena

Mai ka pūnaehana ʻana: ka mualala, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi gastritis, stomatitis, glossitis, ka nui o ka hana ʻana o nā transaminases "ate", ma nā hanana luhi - cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, hana ʻole ka lolo (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ʻelemakule, nā kāne, me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka maʻi), pseudomembranous a me hemorrhagic colitis (hiki nō ke hoʻomohala pū ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia), enterocolitis, ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele “ʻuluʻulu”, ʻeleʻele i ka enamel niho.

Hematopoietic i nā hui: ke hoʻonui hou ʻana i ka manawa prothrombin a me ka manawa kahe, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia.

Mai ka ʻōnaehana o ka pīpī: dizziness, headache, hyperactivity, hopohopo, ke hoʻololi ʻana o ka hanana, nā hoʻopaʻi.

Nā kūloko kūloko: i kekahi mau hihia, phlebitis ma kahi o ka hoʻokele intravenous.

Nā maʻi alerine: urticaria, erythematous rashes, jarang - multiforme exudative erythema, anaphylactic shock, angioedema, very rare - exfoliative dermatitis, malignant exudative erythema (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), vasculitis allergic, ʻ syndromelelo, ʻokoʻa osteoarthritis ulia . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe: kandidiasis, hoʻomohala o ka superinfection, interstitial nephritis, crystalluria, hematuria.

Ke noi a me ke ʻano

Hoʻopili ʻia nā dosis ma nā huaʻōlelo o kaxxillillin. Hoʻonohonoho ka ʻākā dosage hoʻokahi me ka paʻakikī o ke papa a me kahi i kau ʻia ai, ka ʻike o ka pathogen.

ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki iho nei - ma ke ʻano o ka pohō, kahehi a ʻona paha no ka mālama waha.Ua hoʻokumu ʻia hoʻokahi awelika ma muli o ka makahiki: mau keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina - 30 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau puʻupaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale, 3 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku - no ka maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻōpōpō - 25 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau ʻāpana i hoʻokoe a 20 paha / kg / lā i nā helu he 3, me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi - 45 mg / kg / lā ma 2 mau lāʻau a i ʻole 40 mg / kg / lā ma 3 mau dona.

ʻO nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki a he kaumaha paha 40 kg a ʻoi paha: 500 mg 2 mau manawa / lā a i ʻole 250 mg 3 mau lā / lā. I nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a me nā hopena o ka hanu - 875 mg 2 mau manawa / lā a i ʻole 500 mg 3 mau manawa / lā.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka lā maʻamau o ka amoxicillin no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 6 g, no nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki - 45 mg / kg paona kino.

ʻO ka nui loa o ka lā no clavulanic acid no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 600 mg, no nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki - 10 mg / kg paona kino.

Me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī i ka poʻe pākeke, ke hāpai ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kāpae ʻana.

I ka wā e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka pohō, hoʻōla a hoʻokahe, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka wai me he pākālā.

Ke hāʻawi ʻia ma intravenously, hāʻawi ʻia nā pākeke a me nā ʻōpio ma mua o 12 mau makahiki he 1 g (no ka amoxicillin) 3 mau manawa i ka lā, inā pono 4 mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa o kēlā me kēia lā he 6 g.

No nā keiki 3 mau keiki-12 mau makahiki he mau - 25 mg / kg 3 mau manawa i ka lā, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi - 4 mau lā i ka lā, no nā keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina: ka mua a me ka manawa o ka perinatal - 25 mg / kg 2 mau manawa i ka lā, ma ka wā postperinatal - 25 mg / kg 3 mau lā i ka lā.

ʻO ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana a hiki i nā lā 14, nīpī otitis media - a hiki i 10 lā.

No ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi postoperative i ka wā o ka hana e mau loa ana ma lalo o 1 hola, ke hoʻolale ʻia kahi kōpona o 1 g iv i ka wā komo anesthesia. No nā hana lōʻihi - 1 g kēlā me 6 mau hola no ka lā. I ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻokele no nā lā he nui.

Ma kahi o ka hopena o ka renal maʻi ʻole, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka helu ʻana ma ka CC: no CC ma mua o 30 ml / min, ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, no CC 10-30 ml / min: i loko - 250-500 mg / lā i kēlā me kēia hola 12, iv - 1 g, a laila 500 mg iv, me kahi CC mau haʻahaʻa ma mua o 10 ml / min - 1 g, a laila 500 mg / lā iv a i ʻole 250-500 mg / lā ma ka hele i kahi hoʻokahi. No nā keiki, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena ma ke ʻano.

ʻO nā mea maʻi ma ka hemodialysis - 250 mg a i ʻole 500 mg i ka waha i loko o hoʻokahi mauʻu a i ʻole 500 mg iv, kahi hou e 1 ana i ka wā o ka dialysis a me kahi waiʻi hou 1 ma ka hopena o ka hālāwai dialysis.

Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid: nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau iho ke hōʻeha i kou olakino.
Pono e kūkākūkā me ke kauka, me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me nā ʻōlelo aʻo ma mua o ka hoʻohana.

ʻO ka paukahi no ka hoʻonā ʻana no ka hoʻokele intravenous

0,5 g + 0.1 g, 1.0 g +0.2 g.

Hoʻokomo kahi pahu

nā mea hana ʻehā: amoxicillin sodium ma nā ʻōlelo o ka amoxicillin - 0,5 g, 1.0 g

Potora clavulanate ma nā ʻōlelo o ka clavulanic acid - 0.1 g, 0.2 g

ʻO ka pauka mai keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo me kahi kiko melemele.

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

Ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā inika o 1,2 a me 0.6 g, nā helu maʻamau o ka nui o ka plasma kiʻekiʻe (Cmax) o amoxicillin ka nui o 105.4 a me 32.2 gg / ml, ka waikawa clavulanic - 28.5 a 10.5 μg / ml.

Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i ka nui o ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā ʻōhua o ke kino a me nā ʻōpio (pūpū, nā pepeiao waena, nā pleural a me nā peritoneal wai, ka ʻōpū, ka ovaries).

Ma Amoxicillin komo i ka wai synovial, ate, kūleʻa prostate, palatine tonsils, kiko o ka ʻiʻo, ka ʻōpū ʻana, nā mea huna o nā sinuses, nā mea huna huna bronchial. ʻAʻohe amoxicillin a me clavulanic acid e pani i ke kahe koko-lolo i ka meninges uninflamed.

Hoʻopuka nā mea kūlohelohe i ka pale placental a i loko o nā pale ihaʻī ʻia i loko o ka waiū umauma.

Hoʻohālikelike i nā protein plasma no ka amoxicillin he 17-20%, no ka clavulanic acid - 22-30%.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻelua i ka ʻāpana. Amoxicillin i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia - 10% o ka lāʻau i hoʻolaʻa ʻia, ʻo ka clavulanic acid e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana kūlohelohe - 50% o ka nui o ka waihona.

Ma hope o ka hoʻonanininā ʻana o ka lāʻau amoxicillin + acid clavulanic i nā inika o 1,2 a me 0.6 g, ʻo ka hapalua-ola (T1 / 2) no ka amoxicillin he 0.9 a me 1.07 mau hola, no ka acid clavulanic 0.9 a me 1.12 hola.

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Amoxicillin e nā keiki (50-78% o ke kaena i hoʻokele ʻia) kokoke i loli ʻole e ka neʻe tubular a me nā kānana glomerular. Hoʻopili ka poʻe Clavulanic i nā aʻalolo e ka glomerular filtration i loli ʻole, ka hapa i ke ʻano o nā metabolites (25-40% o ka waiho ʻia) ma loko o 6 mau hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka liʻiliʻi ma o nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hui pū ʻana o ka penicillin amoxicillin semisynthetic a me kahi beta-lactamase inhibitor - ka clavulanic acid. Hana ia i ka bactericidal, pale i ka synthesis o ka paia bakalula.

Hoʻouka hou:

ʻO nā hua maʻi aerobic gram-positive (me ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kaha): Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp., Listeria monoc.

anaerobic gram-positive bacteria: Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.,

aerobic gram-negative bacteria (me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana o ka beta-lactamases): Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.

, Bordetella pertussis, Yozinia enterocolitica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Yersinia multocida (ma mua o Pasteurella), kahiunlobact

Anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (me ka beta-lactamase e hana nei i nā kaha): ʻO nā Bacteroides spp., me nā Bacteroides fragilis.

Kākoʻo Clavulanic i ke ʻano II, III, IV a me nā ʻano o beta-lactamases, ʻaʻole kū i ke ʻano o ka beta-lactamases i hoʻoiho ʻia e Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp., Acinetobacter spp.

ʻO ka waikawa Clavulanic he tropism kiʻekiʻe no nā penicillinases, ma muli o ia e hoʻopiha ai i kahi pūpū paʻa me ka enzyme, i kāohi ai i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka enzymatic i ka amoxicillin ma lalo o ka mana o beta-lactamases.

Nā maʻi ʻeha a me nā maʻi nāʻi ʻia e ka microorganisms i pili i ka lāʻau lapaʻau:

- nā maʻi maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu kiʻekiʻe (me ke kino ENT):

sinusitis a me nā maʻi sinusitis, ʻāʻā a me nā maʻi otitis media,

hopohopo ʻo pharyngeal, tonsillitis, pharyngitis

- nā maʻi ʻeha hanu haʻahaʻa: bronchitis nui me ka superinfection bakalula, bronchitis paʻa, pneumonia

- nā pūpū o ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary: pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, light chancre, gonorrhea

- ka maʻi i ka gynecology: cervicitis, salpingitis, salpingoophoritis, tubo-ovarian abscess, endometritis, bacterial vaginitis, septic abortion

- nā maʻi o ka ʻili a me nā kiko palupalu: erysipelas, impetigo, dermatoses maʻi lua ʻole, ʻālana, phlegmon, maʻi ʻeha

- nā maʻi o ka iwi a me ka pili pili

- nā maʻi kiko o ka biliary: cholecystitis, cholangitis

- ka maʻi odontogenic, maʻi post-surgical infection, pale i nā maʻi i hoʻoiho ʻia e nā microorganisms hiki i ke kao ʻana i ka hōʻeha ʻana o nā ala no ka gastrointestinal tract

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻai ʻana i ka dosage e waiho i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i ke ʻano o ke kino, ke ʻano o ke keiki, a me ke ʻano o ka nui o ka maʻi. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomehana no nā lā 14 me ka ʻole o ka loiloi ʻana i ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi.

ʻO nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki: ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o kahi hapa o 1.2 g i kēlā me kēia 8 mau hola 3 mau manawa i ka lā, inā e loaʻa ka maʻi maʻamau - kēlā me kēia hola 6, 4 mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa o kēlā me kēia lā he 6 g.

I nā keiki ke kaupaona nei ma mua o 40 kg, hoʻohana ʻia ke doses ma luna o ke kino koʻikoʻi o ke keiki. Manaʻo ʻia e mālama i kahi kikowaena 4-hola ma waena o nā inikini o ka Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid e pale ai i kahi overdose o ka clavulanic acid.

Na keiki malalo o 3 mahina

Ke kaupaona nei nā keiki ma mua o 4 kg: 50/5 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia mau hola 12

Ke kaupaona nei nā keiki hou ma mua o 4 kg: 50/5 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia hola 8, e pili ana i ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi

Na keiki mai 3 mau mahina a hiki i 12

50 / 5mg / kg i kēlā me nā hola 6-8, kau ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi

No nā mea maʻi me ka ʻōpū o ka renal, e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano a me / a i ʻole ka wā ma waena o nā inikini e pili ana i ka pae o ka lawa ʻole: i ka wā ʻoi aku ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana o nā mea i hana ʻia ma mua o 30 ml / min, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka hoʻoneʻe, i ka wā ʻo ka cleinine clearance he 10-30 ml / min, e hoʻomaka ana ka hoʻolālā me 1.2 g , a laila 0.6 g i kēlā me kēia mau hola 12, me ka hana hoʻopihapiha ma lalo o 10 ml / min - 1,2 g, a laila 0.6 g / lā.

No nā keiki me ka pae creatinine e emi mai ma mua o 30 ml / min, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻano o ka ʻano Amoxicillin + Clavulanic.No ka mea, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka 85% o ka lāʻau i ka hemodialysis, ma ka hope o kēlā me kēia kaʻina hemodialysis, pono ʻoe e komo i ka maʻi maʻamau o ka lāʻau.

Me ka dialysis peritoneal, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hoʻonāina no ka maʻi intravenous: hoʻohemo i nā kiko o ka vial 0.6 g (0,5 g + 0.1 g) i ka 10 ml o ka wai no ka maʻi a i ʻole 1.2 g (1.0 g + 0.2 g) i 20 ml o ka wai no ka maʻi.

I loko / i mea e komo mālie (i loko o 3-4 mau minuke.)

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau a hoʻopuka i nā hoʻonā ʻana no ka infusion intravenous: nā mākaukau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka injra intravenous i loaʻa i ka 0.6 g (0.5 g + 0.1 g) a i ʻole 1.2 g (1.0 g + 0.2 g) o ka lāʻau e hoʻemi ʻia i ka 50 ml a 100 paha ml o ka hopena no ka hoʻopuʻe, kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka infusion he 30-40 mau minuke.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei i nā hoʻonā o ka infusion i lalo i loko o nā kiʻina i ʻōlelo ʻia, pono e mālama ʻia nā mea kanu pono i loko o lākou.

Ma ke ʻano o ka hopena no ka infusion intravenous, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hopena infusion: ka hopena o ka paʻakai sodium klorida 0.9%, mea hoʻonā a Ringer, kahi hopena o ka potassium chloride.

Amoxicillin me clavulanic acid - ka lāʻau lapaʻau hau lapaʻau o nā mea kūleʻa i nā ʻano o nā antibiotics

Me ka hōʻea ʻana i Rūsia o nā pulehu a me nā mea lapaʻau e like me amoxicillin clavulanic acid, loaʻa iā mākou i kahi mea i kali nui ai mākou - nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā hopena maikaʻiʻole, me ka manaʻo nui no ka hoʻihoʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, inā e nānā ʻoe i ke kiʻi maoli o ke kahakaha ʻana i nā lāʻau antimicrobial (ma hope aku - PL) i ko mākou ʻāina, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo, ʻoiai nā hana a nā hana e hoʻokaʻawale i kekahi mau mea antimicrobial mai ka arsenal o ke kauka lapaʻau, akā mamao loa ka kūlana. . ^ E Ha yM.

Akā, ʻike mākou i kahi kuhi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hōʻoia pono. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana o nā maʻi o ka hanu, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i nā kuhikuhi nui i ka mālama ʻana o kā mākou mau mea maʻi - ʻo ia ka hakakā me Str.pneumoniae, H.influenzae a me Moraxella catarrbalis.

ʻO kēlā mau lāʻau antimicrobial e like me ka amoxicillin e noho i kahi alakaʻi i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO kāna hana kiʻekiʻe e kū'ē i ka hui beta-hemolytic A streptococci, pneumococci, hemophilic bacillus (ʻaʻole hana i ka beta-lactamase) i hōʻoia ʻia.

Hoʻohui ʻia ka hui ʻoixicillin + acid clavulanic e kahi piha piha a me ka nui o ka absorption ma mua o ka ampicillin, he nui ka komo ʻana i nā tonsils, sinuses maxillary, ka puʻu pepeiao waena, nā kihi bronchopulmonary.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ampicillin trihydrate, amoxicillin me ka clavulanic acid he pōmaikaʻi maikaʻi loa - ka nui o ka molekula ʻoi aʻe, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i kona komo ʻana i loko o ka nui microbial, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka bioavailability, kahi kūʻokoʻa i ka intake meaʻai, ka mea maʻamau no ka hoʻololi soluble o ka pauma i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana Solutab. ”(Flemoxin Solutab). ʻO ka bioavailability kiʻekiʻe ma ka hihia o nā lāʻau antimicrobial he mea nui wale nō i nā hopena o ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā e pili pū ana i ka hopena o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia ka nui o nā lāʻau i kū ʻole ʻia i ka lula o ka ʻōnaehana.

ʻO ke kumuhana o kā mākou kūkākūkā ʻana, ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o ka amoxicillin a me ka clavulanic acid i kahi kikoʻī (solema) hoʻomākaʻi (ma aneʻifter - LF).

He mea pono ke ʻōlelo ʻia he kūpono hoʻi ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau like mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoponopono. hoʻomanawanui) makemake e hoʻohana i ka wai LF. ʻO nā lāʻau wai kūlohelohe maʻamau, no ka laʻu pākana, loaʻa nā kaupalena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau pili i ka hoʻomakeʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī, i ka hoʻokuʻu - i ka pae maikaʻi o ka antibiotic / stabilizer.ʻO ka hāmeʻa i kēia pilikia ʻo ia ka puka ʻana o ka ʻenehana "Solutab", kahi i kau ʻia ai nā mea ikaika i nā microgranules, kēlā me kēia me kēia me ka membam e hoʻohemo nei i ka palaka alkaline o ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

Mālama ʻo Amoxicillin i nā microspheres i ka palekana i loko o kahi puʻuwai acidic. Ke lawe nei i ka amoxicillin maʻamau, hoʻohemo kekahi o ia i loko o ka ʻōpū, no laila e nalowale nei kekahi nui o ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau.

Ke lawe ʻia, ka haʻalele ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko ma luna o ka ʻāpana o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi, e alakaʻi ana i ka wikiwiki, me ka hoʻopiha nui ʻana a me ka hopena maikaʻi loa o ka ʻōpū.

Hāʻawi ka "Solutab" i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui i ka bioavailability, ʻaʻole wale i ka amoxicillin, akā, ʻo ka clavulanic acid.

Wahi a nā ʻikepili ma kēia kiʻi aʻe, hiki ke hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā LF i pālahalaha nui i nā pono ma mua o nā mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole wale nō e pili ana i ka pharmacokinetics, akā i ka ʻāpono: ʻo ka hiki ke lawe i nā "maʻi hoʻomoʻa ʻole" me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka "paʻa" kīwī a papa paha i nā ʻōpala o ka esophagus, hoʻokahi LF no ka pākeke a me nā maʻi. ke keiki, ʻo ke koho ke hoʻopau i ka papahele a lawe pālaha. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hopena liʻiliʻi o Flemoklav Solutab ma ka micro microflora e hōʻoia ʻia e ka liʻiliʻi o ke koena o ka lāʻau i loko o ka ʻōpū.

I kēia manawa, loaʻa ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka nānā ʻana o nā kaula o nā microorganisms pathogenic e hana ana i ka beta-lactamases. Kēia mau hāmeʻa i hana i nā pathogens topical path o nā maʻi hanu: H.influenzae, Moraxella catarrbalis, E. coli. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā penicillins inhibitor ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala e hoʻohiki nei e lanakila ai i ka pale kūka e pili ana i ka hana o beta-lactamases.

Nā mea hoʻohālikelike e kāohi ai i ka beta-lactamases (ka ʻokoʻa i ka hopena suicidal) ʻelua ma waho o ke kelepona (ma nā huaʻai i kū maikaʻi ʻia) a i loko (i loko o kā grika-hewa), a hiki iā ia ke loaʻa ka hopena i ka hopena antimicrobial.

ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka inhibitors he hōʻemi ʻokoʻa loa ia i ka liʻiliʻi o ka inhibitory concentration (MIC) o ka lāʻau a me ka hopena, he piʻi nui ʻana i ka hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hana o ka amoxicillin a me kona hui pū ʻana me ka clavulanic acid.

Hoʻonui ka hoʻonaninamu Clavulanic i ka hana o ka antibiotic ʻaʻole wale nō ma muli o ka blockade o nā enzyme, akā no ka hopena anti-inoculation (hōʻemi i ka neʻe o nā microorganism i kēlā me kēia waihona), a me ka hopena post-beta-lactamase-pale i nā pathogens.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka mea hope ma lalo o ka mana o ke clavulanate, ua pau ka cell microbial i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka beta-lactamase no kekahi manawa, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka amoxicillin i "manawa o ke kūʻokoʻa". ʻO ka hopena post-beta-lactamase-inhibitory ke hoʻomau nei ma kahi o 5 mau hola.

ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka waikina i kāna hana, a inā ʻaʻole nā ​​cell microbial i hana mai i ka beta-lactamase i loko o 5 mau hola, kūlohelohe, hoʻonui ʻia ka hana o amoxicillin.

Hoʻohui pū ʻia ʻo Amoxicillin me ka clavulanic acid i kahi nui o ka hopena o ka hopena. ʻO ka hoʻohuiʻana o kahi inhibitor beta-lactamase e hana pū i ka hana anti-anaerobic, kahi mea nui no ka mālamaʻana i nā hōʻiliʻili i hui ʻia, he mea maʻamau, no ka laʻana, i ka hana obstetric a me ka hana gynecological.

E hoʻi kākou i ka pharmacokinetics o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka nīnau. Aia kahi ʻokoʻa kūpono i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka amoxicillin a me ka waikawa clavulanic ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa i ka waihona acid-base o kēia mau mea.

ʻO ʻAmoxicillin kahi palupalu palupalu, a ʻo ka clavulanate he lepo palupalu. I ka hopena, ua loaʻa kēia mau lāʻau i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka absorption, a ua hana ʻia nā kūlana no ka hoʻopu piha ʻole ʻana o ka clavulanate.

Ka mea like, he ʻokoʻa nā manawa i loko o ka manawa lawe mai - ke hanana ʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana ʻaʻole wale me nā constants like ʻole, akā, i nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻO kēia ka lua o nā kumu ma muli o ka mea e pili ana ka clavulanic acid "lags" me ka hoʻomo ʻana a mālama i ke koena i loko o ka ʻōpū, hana i nā pono no ka hopena maikaʻi o ka waʻa i ka mucosa ʻōpala - 20-25% o nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka LF maʻamau o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e pane ana i ka hōʻeha maʻi, ka hōʻole ʻana iā lākou e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻopili ʻana? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waika i ka ʻawaʻawa, ʻoi aku ka hopena o ke kōpaʻa o ke koina ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.

ʻO nā hopena maikaʻiʻole e pili ana me ka paʻa piha ʻana o ka inhibitor beta-lactamase he huehue, pseudomembranous colitis, nausea, a me nā loli i nā ʻano manaʻo.

ʻO ka ʻenehana Solyutab ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi palapala microencapsulated e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka lohi o ka absorption maʻamau o ka inhibitor, ʻoiai ke ʻano mau ʻana o ka hoʻonaninani o ka antibiotic e hoʻonui iki ʻia (5% wale nō). Ke hoʻohana nei iā Flemoklav Solutab, liʻiliʻi ka hopena liʻiliʻi.

Aia, no ka laʻana, ke hana ʻia nei kahi haʻawina ma ka Lūkini Lūkini, ka hopena mua o ka mea i hōʻike i ka hala ʻana o kēia mau hopena kūpono ʻole, ka mea i ʻike ʻia no ka manawa mua e pili ana i ka amoxicillin / clavulanate, ma ka manawa like, aia ke hōʻike ʻana i ka hōʻoia e pili ana i ka microbiological o ka hana o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana a me ka hoʻōla.

Loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe i ka mana o nā ʻano like ʻole amoxycillini + acidi clavulanici me nā kaupaona ʻokoʻa. Hōʻike maopopo kēia pakuhi i ke ʻano o ka hāmeʻe no ka hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau me ka nui o ka molihope o 600-800 g / mol ʻokoʻa ʻole mai Flemoklav Solutab (200-400 g / mol).

Ua loaʻa i ke ʻano o ka hānō i ka wā o ke komo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hūnā ʻana o ka clavulanate. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka tablett LF amoxicillin maʻamau me ka clavulanate, me ka hoʻohana mua ʻana i ka lāʻau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻi a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka waikawa.

Ma ke kumu o Flemoklav Solutab, loaʻa iā mākou ka hopena i makemake nui ai: ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka clavulanate mai kahi papa i lawe ʻia a i ʻole hoʻopukapuka ʻia i mua ʻole ʻaʻole he mea nui.

I ka manawa like, hiki iā mākou ke nānā i kahi hoʻonui o ka clavulanate i loko o ka serum koko - me ka hoʻohana ʻana i LF maʻamau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō a ka ʻona ma mua o 2 μg / ml, e hoʻohana ana iā Flemoklav - aneane 3 3g / ml.

ʻO nā hoʻomohala o kēia mauʻano i ka mākeke olakino, e pili ana i nā waiwai o ka pharmacokinetic o antimicrobials, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena therapeutic o ka antibiotic therapy i ka like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka helu a me ka paʻakikī o ka hopena maikaʻiʻole.

ʻO ka soluble hou LF amoxycillinum / acidum clavulanicum - Flemoklav Solutab - he mea waiwai hou a kūwaho kualua i ka ʻenehana lāʻau.

Hoʻonui ka nui o ka absorption o ka acidi clavulanici i ka pale a me ka hana pono o ka amoxycillini a i ka manawa like e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka hopena e pili ana i ka clavulanic acid, ka mea, a ma hope o ka maʻi o ka post-antibiotic.

Hāʻawi ka LF i ka nui o ka "pharmacodynamic load" ma luna o nā pathogens o nā maʻi, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā maʻi hou, a, ma muli o ke pale ʻana i ka pehu antibiotic hou me ka loaʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā maʻi baki kūpaʻa. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo LF "Solutab" kahi mea maʻalahi loa no nā maʻi pākeke a makemake i nā papa e ʻāpono i nā mea i koe, a no nā mea maʻi o nā wā kamaliʻi.

Hoʻokuʻu i ka palapala, hoʻopili a me ka mea hoʻohui iā Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid - Vial

mau hū (1) - nā ʻeke pepa.
mau hū (10) - nā pākeke o ke kāleka (12) - mau pahu pahu.
mau hū (10) - nā pākeke o ke kāleka (50) - nā pahu o ke kāleka.
pahu (10) - nā pākeke o ke kāleka (60) - nā pahu pahu.

Nā ʻōmole Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid - Vial

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ma muli o nā micro-sensitive microorganisms:

• nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka hanu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (exacerbation of bronchitis chronic, lobar pneumonia a me ka bronchopneumonia),
• nā hopena o nā kino ENT (otitis media, sinusitis, recurrent tonsillitis),
• uria, urethritis, urelritis, pyelonephritis,
• maʻi pelvic (me ka salpingitis, salpingoophoritis, endometritis, septic abortion, pelvioperitonitis, postpartum sepsis),
• nā maʻi paʻa o ka ʻili a me nā lau palupalu (phlegmon, nā hōʻeha hōʻeha, erysipelas, impetigo, abscesses),
• nā hopena o nā iwi a me nā ʻuʻuku (komo pū ka osteomyelitis),
• nā maʻi hoʻonaninani (gonorrhea, mild chancre),
• nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe: septicemia, peritonitis, sepsis intraabdominal, postoperative infection.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi postoperative i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka maʻi hōʻeha ma luna o ka gastrointestinal tract, nā pelvic organ, ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻāʻī, ke keiki, ka huina o ka biliary, a me ka implantation o nā hui kūloko.

Ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻia iv.

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono dosage e hilinaʻi i ka makahiki, ke kino a me ke hana o ke kino o ka mea maʻi, a me ka nui o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka papa haʻahaʻa o nā mea maʻi maʻiʻo 5 mau lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka lapaʻau ke hiki i nā lā 14, ma hope o ka loiloi ʻana i ka pono a me ke ahonui.

Hoʻololi ʻia nā maʻi ma ka kiko o ke aʻa amoxicillin / clavulanic acid.

ʻO nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki me ke kaumaha o ke kino ma mua o 40 kg

Paʻi ʻolua: 1000 mg / 200 mg i kēlā me 8 mau hola.

Nā maʻi hōʻeha: 1000 mg / 200 mg i kēlā me nā hola 4.

Hana no ka lawena

Hoʻohālikelike nā lono ma mua o 1 hola: 1000 mg / 200 mg i ka wā o ka hoʻoiho o ka anesthesia

Hoʻohālikelike nā mea hou aku ma mua o 1 hola: a hiki i 4 mau palena o 1000 mg / 200 mg no 24 mau hola.

ʻO ka maʻi me ka hana renal impaired

Kuhi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka dosis ma ka nui o ke ʻano loiloi ʻo amoxicillin.