Insulin P: kumukūʻai a me nā mea hana, nā ʻokoʻa

I kēia lā, mahalo i nā mea ʻepekema i loko o ka mea i hana ʻia o ka endocrinologists aia he mau hoʻomākaukau no ka insulin me nā manawa like ʻole o ka hana: pōkole a lōʻihi paha. I ka huli, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia mahele i nā ʻano liʻiliʻi. Ka mea i ka hoʻokaʻawale o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i nā poʻe loea e hoʻokele pono i ka wā e kuhikuhi ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hana i nā regimens mana o ka glycemic takitahi, ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin.

Insulin Ultra hana e kū'ē

Ka ʻokoʻa i ka manawa hōʻemi o ka manawa mai ka manawa a hiki ke hoʻonā ʻia a hoʻomaka i ka emi ʻana o ka glycemia. Aia i ka ʻano o ke ʻano, he hopena wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō he 10-20 mau minuke ma hope o ke kēkōkēnē, ʻoi aku ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka hola 1-3, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana he mau hola 3-5. Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki i ka glycemia: Apidra, Humalog a i Novorapid (Flexpen a me nā. Penfill).

ʻO ka insulin pōkole

Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia pūʻulu e hana 30-60 mau minuke ma hope o ke kō ʻia, ʻike ʻia ke kaʻe o ka hana ma hope o nā hola 2-4, e mau ana ka hopena ma ka awelika 6-8 hola. ʻO nā mea waiwai i hoʻoiho ʻia nā holoholona (manu a manu paha) e loaʻa i kēia mau waiwai:

Nā inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Actrapid MS, Actrapid NM, Biogulin R, Gensulin R, Monosuinsulin MK, Rinsulin R, Humulin maʻamau, Humodar R.

ʻO ka insulin hana lōʻihi

ʻO ke kumu o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea me nā hopena hypoglycemic a me ka lōʻihi. Hoomaka ʻia i loko o ka nui o ka insulin a me ka lōʻihi. Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ke ʻano mua e hana i nā hola 1,5-2 ma hope o ka hōʻō ʻia ʻana, hana i nā kiʻekiʻe o ke koko ma waena o 3-12 mau hola ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana, a kaohi ʻia i ka ʻike o ka glucose no 8-12 mau hola.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi hola lōʻihi: Br-Insulmidi MK, Biosulin N, Gensulin N, Protafan NM, Protafan MS, Humulin NP, Insuman Bazal, Humodar B.

ʻO ka insulin hoʻonui

Loaʻa ia i ka hopena hoʻohaʻahaʻa honu ma hope o 4-8 mau hola ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana, ke ulu nei ka hopena i ka peaks ma hope o 8-18 mau hola a mālama i ka mana o ka glycemia no ka awelika o 20-30 mau hola.

Hoʻomākaukau: Lantus, Levemir (Penfill a me Flexpen).

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻohui hoʻohui

Hōʻike ka hopena hypoglycemic i ka hapalua hola ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili, hoʻonaninani ma hope o 2-8 mau hola a hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻike o ka glucose mai ka 18 a 20 mau hola.

Ka Hoʻomoe: Biosulin 30/70, Gansulin 30P, Gensulin M30, Insuman Comb 15 GT, Rosinsulin M hui 30/70, NovoMix 30 (Penfill a me FlexPen).

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā helu like ʻole o ka hana

ʻO ka ultrashort insulin

ʻO nā hoʻomākaukau e pili ana i kēia ʻano mea hoʻohālike o ke ʻano kanaka. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ka insulin i hana ʻia e ke kino ma nā pūpili o ka pancreas a me nā hormone molowa i nā pōkole pōkole hana he hexamers. Ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili, hoʻohuihue ʻia lākou me ka wikiwiki, a no laila, ʻo ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe loa, e kū like me ka mea i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ke kino ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō.

ʻO ka insulin pōkole loa, i lawe ʻia ma 3 mau manawa wikiwiki ma mua o ke kanaka, ʻo ia ka lyspro. He kumu kēia no ka mea endogenous mea i loaʻa ma hope o nā waʻa ʻelua amino i hoʻololi ʻia ma kona ʻano. Kēia mea waiwai me ke kūkulu hou ʻana i kekahi mau mea like ʻole: pale ia i ke ʻano o nā hexamers a no laila ke hāʻawi nei i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o ke koko a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā helu hana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka lua o ka analogue o ka hāmeʻe o ke kanaka ka insulin aspart. Loaʻa ia ma hope o ke kahuli ʻana i nā mea pili i ka papa, akā ʻo kēia manawa, hoʻokomo ʻia ka acid aspartic i hoʻopōʻino ʻia i loko o ka insulin maʻalahi ma mua o ka proline. ʻO Aspart, e like me Lyspro, e wikiwiki wikiwiki nō hoʻi a e wāwahi i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka Insulin glulisin ma hope o ka aspargin (kahi waikawa amino) ua hoʻololi ʻia me ka lysine i loko o ke kanaka, a me kekahi lysine ma kahi o ka B29 ua hoʻololi ia i ka glutamic acid. Mahalo i kēia, ua loaʻa kahi mea e komo ai ka wikiwiki.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin i ke kumu o kēia mau mea. ʻAe ʻia lākou e komo i mua o ka ʻai ʻana a ma hope iho o ka lawe ʻana.

ʻO ka insulin hana pōkole

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o kēia pūʻulu i ka soluble, no ka mea he mau hoʻonā me ka acidity kūlohelohe. Hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili, akā inā pono, ke ʻae ʻia nei lākou i loko o ka ʻāʻī, a i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, ua ʻae ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana i loko o ka uaua.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka hana (ma ka palena ma hope o 15-25 mau minuke) a ʻaʻole he lōʻihi lōʻihi ma ka mālama ʻana i ka hopena hypoglycemic (ma kahi o 6 mau hola). ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka insulin wikiwiki ka hana i loko o nā keʻena inpatient e hoʻoholo ai i ka kū hoʻokahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mea maʻi. Akā ua hoʻohana ʻia nō i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi o ka mea maʻi, i ka wā e pono ai e hoʻoponopono hou i ka maʻi maʻi i kahi moku coma a i ʻole kekahi kūpuna. Me ka / i ka hopena i loaʻa ma hope o nā minuke 5, no laila, ke hana ʻia nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i nā hōʻeha o ka hoʻololi wikiwiki loa i ka neʻe o ka glycemia. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka insulin pōkole e like me ka anabolic, a laila ua kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o nā pupu liʻiliʻi.

Nā Inulin Duration Medium

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia pūʻulu e hana mālie: ke kīloi aku i ka maikaʻi, lawe lūlū ʻia mai ka pūnaewele injection, no laila ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hopena hypoglycemic. Loaʻa ka hoʻokō hana i ka hana ʻana me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mea kūikawā me ka hiki ke pale i ka hana o ka insulin medium. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka protamine a i ʻole zinc no kēia.

ʻO ka hana lōʻihi i ka insulin

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia pūʻulu e pili ana i ka glargine - kahi mea like me ke kanaka, ka mea i loaʻa ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana genetic. ʻO ia ka mea i kahi mua i loaʻa ʻole kahi waiwai nui loa no ka hana. Loaʻa ka Glargine e ke ala o ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā mea i loko o nā kaulahao DNA: hoʻololi i ka aspargin i ka glycine, a laila hoʻohui pū ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka arginine.

Loaʻa ka insulin i kapa ʻia Glargine ma ke ʻano he hopena maʻalahi me ka pH o 4. Hoʻokūpaʻa kona likone i ka hexamers i ka insulin, e hāʻawi i ka ka lōʻihi a me ka neʻe o ka holo ʻana o ka wai lāʻau mai nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili. Ma muli o kēia, hiki ke ʻōkuhi iki ʻia i ka wā pinepine, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka pae o ka glycemia i loko o ke ao.

ʻAʻole e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, aia i loko o nā manaʻo like ʻole i ke koko, hana i nā helu koʻikoʻi o ka hana (a, no laila, lele i ka glycemia), ka lōʻihi o ka insulin e hua ʻole i nā waiwai nui loa, no ka mea e komo ana i ka ʻōnaehana ma ka pae like ʻole.

Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka insulin i nā palapala hoʻohālike me nā manawa like ʻole o ka hopena hypoglycemic. I ka awelika, mālama nā lāʻau o kēia ʻano i ka glucose i ke koko no nā hola 10-36. Kēia hana lōʻihi, me ka hopena therapeutic i kūpono, no ka mea e hoʻopakele i nā mea maʻi mai nā inikina pinepine. Loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o nā hana hoʻopiʻi, ka mea i hoʻākāka wale ʻia no ka hoʻokele ma lalo o ka ʻili a i ʻole intramuscularly.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka insulin lōʻihi ka hana no ka hoʻopiʻi i ka maʻi diabetes - coma, precom.

ʻO ka insulin hui

Loaʻa nā mākaukau e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin me nā ʻano like ʻole i loaʻa ke ʻano o ke hoʻokuʻu ʻana. Loaʻa ka hopena hoʻohui ma muli o ka insulin pōkole a me ka isophane - kahi ʻano o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka hana. Kahi hui hui like me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka absorption a hiki i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka mana glycemic a me ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano maʻamau.

Pūnaewele kahi

ʻAʻole ka helu ʻana o nā insulin i ka wikiwiki wale o ka hana, lōʻihi o ka mana o ka glucose, akā ua ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā kumu. No kekahi mau manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau o nā holoholona mai ka mea, a laila, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻepekema, ʻike ʻia nā mea kanaka, semi-synthetic.

No ka hana ʻana o ka insulin o ka hua holoholona, ​​hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka pancreas o nā puaʻa a me nā holoholona. Aia kekahi mau ʻano o lākou, a i ka nīnau ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa iā lākou, ke hānai nui nei lākou i ka kiko hoʻonohonoho a me ke ʻano o ka waiwai. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia ka mea i ʻoi loa ka poʻe i ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā ʻokoʻa kanaka mai ka pili kanaka.

Hoʻomaka ʻia nā mākaukau hana mai i ka poʻe e ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano. ʻO kēlā mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kokoke loa i ka waiwai endogenous, akā ma muli o kekahi mau ʻae i loko o ka DNA, he ʻano like lākou. No laila, i kēia mau lā makemake nā kauka i ka ʻili o kēia ʻano.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka insulin - ʻaʻohe pane kūpono i kēia nīnau, ʻoiai e hoʻomau ana ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka lāʻau hou, e ʻimi ana a ʻoi aku ka holomua a me ka palekana. A ʻoiai ʻaʻole i mumuku ka maʻi diabetes, ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea maʻi. I kēia mau lā, nui nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka monocourse a e hoʻopohapiha i nā ʻano hoʻomohala like ʻole e hoʻohana ana i ka insulin wikiwiki. Me ke kōkua o nā hui ʻano like ʻole, hiki i ka nui o nā mea maʻi ke hoʻopiha i ka pono no kahi mea.

Rinsulin P: hoʻokuʻu i ka puka a me nā hiʻohiʻona pharmacological

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hana wikiwiki kanaka i loaʻa ma o ka ʻenehana recombinant DNA. Hoʻopili ka mea hana i nā receptors o ka membrane pūnaewele waho, ka hana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻopihapiha o ka insulin-receptor e hoʻōla i nā kaʻina hana i kū mai i loko o nā sela, me ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā enzyme alakaʻi.

Loaʻa ka emi ʻana o ke kō i ke koko ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka halihali i ka glucose i waenakonu o nā mea i hoʻoweliweli ʻia, a me kona komo ʻana i ka nui o ke kō a me nā ʻimi ʻana ma loko o nā ʻili. ʻO ka Stimulation o glycogenogenesis, puka ʻia ka lipogenesis a me ka pā o ka hana ʻana o ka glucose i ka lime.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka hopena o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka insulin e ka nui o ke kīnā ʻana, e hilinaʻi nei ma luna o kekahi mau ʻano (ka wahi a me ke ala o ka hoʻokele, ke ʻano). No laila, ʻokoʻa ka ʻaoʻao o ka hana i kēlā me kēia mea maʻi. Akā ma ka mea nui ma hope o ka hoʻokele subutanutan, hana ʻo Rinsulin P ma hope o ka hapalua hola, a hiki ke hopena ka hopena o ka nui ma hope o nā hola 1-3 a kū i ka 8 mau hola.

ʻO GEROFARM-BIO OJSC insulin mea hana o R e hana i ka lāʻau i loko o ʻekolu ʻano:

1. Hoʻolaha (10 IU / ml) no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka 3 ml o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pahu pahu aniani me nā mea hao ʻoi.
2. 5 i nā pahu kāwili i nā pōpō palu o ka foil a me PVC.
3. Kahi pahu pahu i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka peni syringe peni maha ma nā ʻano i hana ʻia i ka plastik, i waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pahu pepa.

ʻO ka hoʻopau piha ʻana o ka ea a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana a ke kanaka pōkole hana pōkole kanaka e hoʻoholo ai e ka ʻina, kahi, i ke ala o ka hoʻokele ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka waiwai hana. ʻAʻole hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā kiko āpau, ʻaʻole i komo i loko o ka waiū o ka umauma a me ka pāpaʻi placental.

He luku ʻia ia e ka insulinase ma ka ʻōpū a me ka ate. Hoʻopauʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma 30-80% o nā keiki. T1 / 2 mau minuke 2-3.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi mellitus, ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa piha ʻana a i ʻole ʻāpana paha i nā papa hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia i nā kūlana pōpilikia i ka maʻi maʻi ma ka hope o ka decompensation o nā hana o ka hoʻohaʻamaʻa a me ke ʻano o nā maʻi o ka maʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no hypoglycemia a me ka intolerance pilikino i kāna mau ʻāpana.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia no iv, v / m, s / c hoʻokō. ʻO ke ala o ka hoʻokele a me ka dosage e kuhikuhi ana e ka endocrinologist ma muli o nā ʻano pilikino o ka mea maʻi. ʻO ka nui maʻamau o ka lāʻau i ka 0.5-1 IU / kg o ka paona.

Hoʻokele ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau hana pōkole e hana i nā minuke 30. ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻai momona. Akā ʻo ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e kali a hiki i ke kū ʻana o ke ʻano o ka pohō i ke liʻiliʻi ma ka 15 kiʻekiʻe.

I ka hihia o ka monotherapy, e mālama ʻia ka insulin i 3 a 6 mau manawa i ka lā. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lā ma kēlā me kēia lā he 0.6 IU / kg, a laila pono ʻoe e komo i ʻelua a i ʻole nā ​​ʻauʻau i nā wahi like ʻole.

E like me ke kānāwai, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻaihue sc i loko o ka paia o ka ʻōpū. Akā hiki i nā kaha lāʻau ke hana ma nā poʻohiwi, nā puʻupuʻu a me ka ʻūhā.

Pono kēlā me ke ʻano o ka maʻi injection, e pale i ka nānā ʻana o ka lipodystrophy. I ka hihia o ka subcutaneous o ka hormone, pono ʻoe e makaʻala e ʻike i ka ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ka wai i ka moku koko. Eia nō hoʻi, ma hope o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hele ʻia ka wahi ʻoi.

Ma loko o / a i / m ka lawelawe ʻana i hiki ke waiho wale ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻi loea. Hoʻohana wale ʻia nā cartridges inā he aniani ka palahalaha ʻole nā ​​kīnā, no laila, i ka wā e kūhaʻe ʻia ai kahi hopena, ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻohana i ka hopena.

He mea kūpono ke hoʻomanaʻo no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pahu kāwili i kahi mea ʻae ʻole e ʻae ai ke kāwili ʻana i kā lākou ʻike ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin. Akā me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i ka peni ʻo ka syringe hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana hou ʻia.

Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana, pono e huki ʻia ka pulupulu me kona pāpale waho a hoʻokuʻu ʻia. No laila, ka mea, ke pale aku i ka leakage, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka lewa, a hiki ʻole i ka lewa ke komo i ka pūa pono a lilo i ʻaihue.

Ke hoʻohana nei i nā peni syringe piha he nui, e lawe i ka peni ʻo ka syringe mai ka friji ma mua o ka hoʻohana mua ʻana a kali a hiki i ke ana wela. Eia nō naʻe, inā ua hoʻokahe a hoʻāliʻi ka wai, a laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe e pono ai e mālama ʻia:

• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ka pono,
• ʻO ka insulin P kahi i piha ai ka penikala ʻiwīwī ua paʻa wale nō ia no ka hoʻohana pilikino, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pahu penikala ʻiwikā.
• ʻaʻole pono e mālama i ka peni ʻoi i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka friji,
• i mea e pale ai i ka peni syringe mai ka malamalama, uhi pono iā ia me kahi pāpale.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ua hoʻohana mua ʻia e pono ke mālama ʻia i kahi mahana o 15 i 25 mau degere no ʻaʻole 28 mau lā. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pono e ʻae ʻia ka polokalamu e wela a hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻike maka o ka lā iā ia.

I ka hihia o kahi overdose i ke koko, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa i ke kō. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka hypoglycemia i ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻai me nā mea i loaʻa mai ka calcium, a i ʻole he mea inu ʻono. No laila, noho mau nā maʻi hānai i nā mea momona a i ʻole wai lā me lākou.

Me ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi, i ka wā i ʻike ʻole ʻole ai ka maʻi maʻi, ua kī ʻia ʻo ia me ka hopena glucose (40%) a i ʻole glucagon.

Ma hope o ka ʻike hou ʻana o kekahi i ka ʻike, pono iā ia e hānai i ka ʻai me ka ʻai momona, ka mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lua lua.

Nā pili hewa a me nā hopena pili i ka lāʻau

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao ka pau ʻole o ka metabolism i nā hana kino. No laila, iho mai nā loiloi o nā kauka a me nā mea maʻi i ka mea ma hope o ke alakaʻi ʻana o Rinsulin P, hiki i ka hypoglycemia ke ulu. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e ka malaise, ka ulaula o ka ʻili, ka ʻeha, ka palpitations, ka pā nui, ka pōloli, ka hyperhidrosis, hilahila, a me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, ulu ka hypoglycemic coma i ka maʻi mellitus.

ʻO nā kūlou kūloko, e like me ka edema o Quincke, rashes ka ʻili, hiki nō hoʻi. Anaphylactic pilau, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make, ulu kekahi i kekahi manawa.

Mai nā hopena kūloko, ka holo, ka pupuhi a me ka hyperemia ma kahi o ka injection e hana pinepine ʻia. A i ka ʻike ʻana o ka hoʻomehana insulin o ka lōʻihi, hōʻike ʻia ka lipodystrophy ma ka pūnaewele injection.

ʻO nā hua ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka huhū a me ka nānā ʻana o ka ʻike. Akā hele pinepine mau mau maʻi i ka wā o ka lapaʻau.

Nui kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka pono o ka insulin. No laila, ʻōlelo ka loiloi olakino e ʻoi aku ka hopena o ke kō ʻana o ke kō i ka insulin inā e hoʻohui ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana me kēia ʻano:

1. papa ʻaʻano hypoglycemic,
2. ethanol
3. ʻO ACE / MAO / carbonic anhydrase inhibitors,
4. Hoʻomākaukau lithium
5. ole-koho β-blockers,
6. Fenfluramine,
7. Bromocriptine
8. ʻAiulopia
9. liuliu
10. Mebendazole a keu aku.

ʻO Nikotine, glucagon, phenytoin, somatropin, morphine, estrogens, contraceptives waha, diazoxide a me corticosteroids e hōʻemi i ka hopena hypoglycemic. ʻO nā hormone thyroid e pili ana i ka yodine, CCB, diuretics thiazide, Epinephrine, Clonidine, Heparin, Danazole, antidepressants tricyclic a me ka sympathomimetics e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hopena hoʻohaʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o B-blockers e uhi paha i nā hōʻailona o ka hypoglycemia. Hiki i ka Lanreotide a i ʻole Octreotide a me nā waiʻona ke hoʻonui a hoʻoemi i ka koi o ka insulin.

ʻAʻole kūpono loa e hoʻoneʻeneʻe i ka insulin kanaka me nā lāʻau like ʻole a me nā huahana holoholona.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

E kū'ē i ka hope o ka lāʻau o ka insulin, he mea nui ia e kiaʻi mau i nā hōʻailona glycemia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o ka overdose, kekahi mau maʻi, ka hoʻōla o ka lāʻau, hoʻonui i ka hana kino, ke nānā ʻana, ka loli ma ka wahi ʻomaʻī a hiki i kahi kīʻaha ʻole hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kōpaʻa.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā hana'ē aʻe i ke keena o ka insulin a me ka hewa hewa e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hyperglycemia i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi type 1. I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau, hiki i ka ketoacidosis ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana e ola ai.

Inā he hewa i ka hana o nā keiki, ka ate, ka nui o ka glandida thyroid, hypopituitarism, maʻi a Addison a i ka wā ʻelemakule, pono ia e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka insulin. Eia kekahi, pono paha ke hoʻololi i ka dosage i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i ka ʻai a hoʻonui i nā hana kino.

Pono ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka insulin i ka hele ʻana o nā maʻi concomitant, ʻo ia hoʻi ka poʻe i hui pū ʻia e ke kuni. He mea koʻikoʻi ia i ka wā o ke kaawale ʻana mai kekahi ʻano o ka insulin i kekahi, pono ʻoe e kiaʻi pono i ke kō o ke koko.

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o Rinsulin P ma waena mai 448 a 1124 mau rubles.

Hoʻopiliʻia ma Insulin P, aia kahi lāʻau Rinsulin NPH. Akā pehea e hiki ai kēia mau kālā?

Rinsulin NPH

ʻO ka lāʻau ʻoi pū kekahi pūnua i loaʻa i loko o ka ʻenehana DNA recombinant. Akā, i nā hoʻohālikelike me Insulin P, ʻaʻohe ia he pōkole, akā kahi hopena maʻamau. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā lāʻau ʻelua.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ma hope o ka hoʻokele sc, hoʻomaka ka hana o ka insulin ma hope o ka 1,5 mau hola. Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi loa ma hope o 4-12 mau hola a kū i hoʻokahi lā.

ʻO ka pakano he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a ke kū nei ma lalo o ka pahu, he mau kahi mehameha, aia, i ka wā e lohi ʻia ai, a hoʻi ʻia ʻO ka mea ikaika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka insulin-isophan.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kōkua:

• kahi kai
• Promina Sulfate
• sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate,
• glycerol
• metacresol
• cryst i loko o loko.

Loaʻa ka keʻa ma ke kikowaena 3 ml kīʻaha i kēlā me kēia, waiho ʻia i loko o ka pahu kīwila. Eia kekahi, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ka huahana i nā pahu pahu aniani i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā syringes lehulehu-dosis no nā hōkuhi o Rinastra.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau like like me ka hihia o ka hoʻohana ʻana o Rinsulin R. ʻO ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kauka iho.

ʻO ka awelika nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he 0.5-1 IU / kg o ka paona kino. Akā ua contraindicated kahi hoʻokō kūloko.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana o Rinsulin NPH e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hana o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole i like me ka annotation o nā hana pōkole o ka hana pōkole o ke kanaka.

ʻO ke kumu o ke kauā ʻana mai 417 a 477 mau rubles. ʻO ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala e kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo pehea e lawelawe ai i ka insulin.