He aila hinu Ciprofloxacin: nā ʻōlelo hoʻohana no ka hoʻohana ʻana

I kahi ophthalmology: nā maʻi ʻeha a me ka maʻi ʻeha (keaka a me ka subacute conjunctivitis, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, ulala bactereal ulcer, maʻiʻo dacryocystitis, meibomitis (bio), lesi maʻa o ka maka ma hope o ka trauma a i ʻole ka makeoper) lēpaʻi loa i loko o ka hōʻeha o ka ophthalmic.

I otorhinolaryngology: otitis externa, mālama ʻana i nā maʻi hōʻeha a postoperative.

Pehea e hoʻohana ai: dosis a me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana

Kūloko. No nā maʻi paluhalelo a me ka maʻi maʻamau, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā kulu 1-2 i loko o ka ʻeke conjunctival o ka maka i hoʻopiha i kēlā me kēia hola 4, a no nā maʻi ʻino, 2 hāʻule i kēlā me kēia hola. Ma hope o ka holomua, hoʻemi ʻia ka nui a me ka piʻi o nā instillations.

Kohi o ka ulia o ka bakery corneal: 1 cap kēlā me 15 mau minuke no 6 mau hola, a laila 1 māpono i kēlā me 30 mau minuke i ka wā e ala ana, i ka lā 2 - 1 pōpopo i kēlā me kēia hola i ka wā e ala ai, mai 3 a 14 mau lā - 1 cap kēlā 4 hola i ka wā e ala ana. Inā ma hope o 14 mau lā o ka epithelization o ka hanana, ʻaʻole i hiki ke hoʻomau ka mālama ʻana.

Kau ka hana a ka maka i hope o ka maka o ka maka i hoʻopili ʻia.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO kahi mea antimicrobial a ākea ākea, kahi hua o ka fluoroquinolone, e pale i ka DNA gyrase (topoisomerases II a me IV, ke kuleana no ka supercoiling o ka chromosomal DNA a puni ka RNA nukle, kahi e pono ai no ka heluhelu ʻana i ka ʻike kikoʻī), hoʻonāukiuki i ka synthesis o DNA, ke ulu ʻana o ka maʻi me ka hoʻokaʻawale, a me nā kumu i haʻi ʻia ka morphological nīlia. nā hoʻololi (e komo pū ana i ka paia o ka pā a me nā membrane) a me ka make wikiwiki ʻana o kahi papa maʻi.

Hana ia i ka bactericidal ma kaola-kino i ka wā hoʻomaha a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia (no ka mea e pili wale ana ʻaʻole i ka gyrase DNA, akā pili pū kekahi lysis o ka paia o ka pā), a me nā micro-ʻano maikaʻi loa i ka wā hoʻohele.

Ua wehewehe ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi macroorganism e ka nele o ka DNA gyrase i loko o lākou. ʻOiai e lawe ana i ka ciprofloxacin, ʻaʻohe hoʻomohala e like me ke kūʻē o ka pale ʻana i nā actibiotics ʻaʻole i hui ʻia o ka hui o ke gyrase inhibitors, ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa ana i nā maʻi kūʻē, no ka laʻana, i ka aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines a me nā mea he nui ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā huamo aerobic Gram-Negible i nā ciprofloxacin: enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescensippa rfa. , Morganella morganii, Vibrio spp., Yersinia spp.), Nā huamona ʻē aʻe o kā grika (Haemophilus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromonas spp., Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Campyunlobacterium. Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, Corynebacterium diphtheriae,

Nā huaʻai aerobic Gram-maikaʻi: Staphylococcus spp. (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae).

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka staphylococci-methicillin kū'ē i nā ciprofloxacin. ʻO ka palaka ʻana o Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium avium (kahi i loaʻa intracellularly) he loli (e koi ʻia nā ʻike kiʻekiʻe e pani iā ​​lākou).

He kū'ē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau: Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides. Ineffective against Treponema pallidum.

Ke hoʻomohala nui nei ka pale ʻana, no ka mea, ma ka lima hoʻokahi, ma hope o ka hana a ciprofloxacin i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻana o nā microorganisms mau loa, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole nā ​​huina bakela i nā huʻina o ka hoʻē ʻole.

Nā hopena hopena

ʻO ke ʻano, ʻeha, ke ahi, ʻehaʻeha a me ka hoʻōla o ka conjunctiva a i ka memba tympanic, ke ʻano, ka ʻāwili ʻana o nā puʻupuʻu, photophobia, lacrimation, sensation o ke kino ʻē aʻe i ka maka, he aftertaste palia i loko o ka waha i ka manawa koke o ka instillation, i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka acitity keʻokeʻo. huluhulu i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka ulala corneal, keratitis, keratopathy, ke ʻano o nā wahi a i ʻole infiltration corneal, ka ulu ʻana o ka superinfection.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Hoʻopili ke Ciprofloxacin i ka gyrase DNA o kahi mea maʻi i nā mea huakaʻi, ke pale aku i ka hana o nā topoisomerases i komo i ka hana ʻole ʻana o ka molekena DNA. Ke pale aku nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kope ʻana i ka mea o nā genetic o nā huakini, ke kāohi i ka ulu a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā microorganisms. Loaʻa ia i kahi hopena bactericidal ma kā ka microorganisms i ka pathogenic micro-hewa i kahi dormant a me ka hoʻoikaika. Kuhi ʻia nā maʻi pālua-Gram-antibiotic ma ka wehe ʻana i ka wā mahele. Hōʻalo i ka ciprofloxacin:

• Nā gram-negative aerobic microorganisms (Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Cholera Vibrio, Nā Hana Hou),
• nā hāmeʻa ʻē aʻe (gramse, manuxella, aeromonads, pasteurella, campylobacter, gonococcus, meningococcus),
• nā huaʻala intracellular (legionella, brucella, chlamydia, listeria, tubercle bacillus, diphtheria bacillus),
• micro-positive aerobic microorganisms (staphylococci, streptococcus).

He ʻano ʻano like ʻole:

ʻAʻole pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau:

• ureaplasma urealitikum,
• staphylococci-pale-methicillin,
• pili
• nocardia
• treponema pale.

Kūleʻa ka ahonui mau. Ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ciprofloxacin, ʻaʻole e noho mau ka maʻi bakela. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hana nā pathogens i nā huina e hoʻopau ai i ka antibiotic.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka wahi, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau i loko o ke koko. Hōʻiliʻili ʻo Ciprofloxacin i nā ʻōpala i hoʻopili ʻia, e hoʻopiʻi ana i kahi hopena kūloko. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i ka 60-90 mau minuke ma hope o ke kaʻi ʻana o ka hinu.

Ke noi a me ke ʻano

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hinu laila 1-1.5 cm ma luna o ka eyelid haʻahaʻa 3 mau manawa i ka lā. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no 2 mau lā, ma hope o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā kaʻina hana i 2 i kēlā me kēia lā. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o kahi maʻi maʻi, e hoʻohana ʻia ka aila i kēlā me kēia 3 mau hola. Hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā kaʻina hana a nalowale nā ​​hōʻailona o kaʻeha. ʻAʻole pono ʻoi aku ka hopena therapeutic ma mua o 14 mau lā. Ma mua o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka aila, ua hoʻoliili ka maka. Holo malū ʻia ka ʻaila mai loko o ka pahu wai a hoʻokomo ʻia ʻia i loko o ka ʻeke conjunctival. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā eyelids a mumū iki e kū'ē i ka eyeball no 60-120 kekona. Ma hope o kēia, e hoʻomoʻi ka mea maʻi me nā maka o kona mau maka no 2-3 mau minuke.

Nā hoʻohālikelike no ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka poni ciprofloxacin

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻOintment me:

• ka ahonui i kēlā me kēia mea a me nā mea kōkua a pau,
• viral conjunctivitis,
• nā maʻi maʻi o nā maka.

ʻO ka papa inoa o nā contraindications pili ma ke ʻano:

• haiia atherosclerotic lesions o ka moku cerebral,
• ulia pōpilikia maʻamau,
• māhuahua i ka makaukau.

Ke keu

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻaila pona no kona kumu i manaʻo ʻia, he mea ʻole ka overdose. Inā komo hewa ka mea i loko o ka ʻōpū, hoʻohuka, a me nā kīwaha, nā hōʻeha, nā manaʻo hopohopo, a me nā kūlana palupalu. Hoʻokomo ka kōkua mua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻina wai-paʻakai o ke kino, e hoʻonui ana i ka waikawa o ka urine, e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pōhaku i loko o nā kuli a me ka puna.

Hoʻohui nūhou

Hiki i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka nui o ka aila e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakai theophylline i loko o ke koko, e hoʻolohi i ka hoʻopipi caffeine a hoʻonui i ka hopena o nā anticoagulants kūpaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana o ciprofloxacin i ka hui pū me ka cyclosporine hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui pōkole o ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea hana i loko o ke koko.

Eia nā hua like ka hopena.

• Kouomed
• Tsiprolet,
• Oftocipro,
• ʻO Ciprofloxacin (hāʻule),
• Ciprofloxacin (nā papa ʻ filmlelo kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia).

Lapaʻa lāʻau:

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Hoʻopuka nā antimicrobial i kahi ākea ākea o ka hui o ka fluoroquinolones. Loaʻa ia he hopena bactericidal. Kāohi i ka gyrase DNA a ke pale aku i ka synthesis DNA bacteria.

Nui ka hana kū'ē i ka hapa loa o ka huelo kino: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

ʻO ka ʻauhau kūʻē iā Staphylococcus spp. (e komo pū ana me nā kumu a me ka ʻole o ka hua penicillinase, methicillin-resistant strains), kekahi mau kaha o Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycobacterium spp.

Hoʻokomo pū ka Ciprofloxacin e kū'ē i nā maʻi e hoʻopuka ana i ka beta-lactamases.

Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides kūlia i ciprofloxacin. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hana i ka Treponema pallidum.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Hoʻopili koke ʻia mai ka lolo. ʻO ka bioavailability ma hope o ke ka waha o ka waha he 70%. ʻAi liʻiliʻi i ka pā ʻana o ka ciprofloxacin. ʻO ka nakinakiʻana i nā protein plasma he 20-40%. Hāʻawi ʻia i nā kopa a me nā ʻano wai ke kino. Ua komo i loko o ka wai o cerebrospinal: ʻo ka ʻike ʻana o ka ciprofloxacin me nā meninges uninflamed e hele a hiki i 10%, me nā mea maʻi - a hiki i 37%. Loaʻa nā hoʻokūkū nui ma loko o ka bile. Kāʻei ʻia i ka urine a me ka bile.

Nā ʻoslelo a me ke hoʻoponopono:

Kanakaiho. Loko - 250-750 mg 2 manawa / lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana mai ka lā 7-10 a 4 mau pule.

No ka hoʻokele intravenous, hoʻokahi pākahi ʻo 200-400 mg, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke lawelawe ʻana he 2 mau manawa / lā, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i nā hebedoma 1-2, inā pono hou. Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe i ka iv i loko o kahi jet, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka hoʻokele droplet no 30 mau minuke.

Ke noi ia ma luna, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā kulu 1-2 i loko o ka ʻeke o ka maka o ka maka i hoʻopā ʻia i kēlā me kēia mau hola 1-4. Ma hope o ka holomua, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka waena o nā instillations.

Ka helu momona kiʻekiʻe o kēlā me kēia lā no nā pākeke, ke lawe ʻia ʻana he waha he g.

ʻElua hopena:

Mai ka pūnaehana hana ʻana: nausea, luaʻi, ʻeha, ʻeha ʻōpū, hoʻonui i ka hana o ka transaminases hepatic, phosphatase alkaline, LDH, bilirubin, pseudomembranous colitis.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pīkī laha waena: hōʻeha, hōʻeha, hopohopo, hoʻomaha ke hiamoe, ka pō, nā mālama ʻūhā, nāwaliwali, nā ʻike pilikia.

Mai ka urinary system: crystalluria, glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, albuminuria, hematuria, he hoʻonui hou i ka serum bun.

Mai ka ʻōnaehana hemopoietic: eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, he hoʻololi i ka helu platelet.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular: ʻO ka tachycardia, nā puʻuwai mele i hoʻopilikia ʻia, hypotension arterial.

Nā maʻi kūwaha: pruritus, urticaria, Edema o Quincke, ʻ ,lelo Stevens-Johnson, arthralgia.

ʻO nā hopena ʻino e pili ana me ka hana chemotherapeutic: kandidiasis.

Nā kūloko kūloko: ʻeha, phlebitis (me ka hoʻomehana iv). Me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka mau maka, i kekahi mau manawa ua hiki ke ʻehaʻeha a me ka hyperemia conjunctival.

He aha ke ʻano o ka aila

ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana ia i ka papa o ka fluoroquinolones. Hoʻopuka nā mea o kēia pūʻulu i ka hakakā ikaika me nā maʻi mikrobial i hoʻokumu ʻia ma o ke ʻano aerobic o kā lākou hōʻike.

Hana ka hana i ke ʻāpana kūloko, ʻo ka papahōlole o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka lāliau i hana ʻia.

Loaʻa ka hopena therapeutic ma hope o kahi manawa pōkole. ʻAʻole e hoʻokau ka Therapy i ka nui o nā hopena o ka ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka ponithrphloxacin ophthalmic ka mea a kōkua i hiki ke hoʻopau koke a me ka palekana i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka waiwai kūpono a me ka hoʻohui

I ka naʻau o ka hopena lapaʻau ma ke kino he mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ciprofloxacin.

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi manawa lōʻihi loa a ua paʻa hoʻi i hoʻokumu iā ia iho he mea maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻopilikia ia i nā molekine DNA o nā baki, ke pale nei i kona ulu hou a hana pūpū, e alakaʻi ana i ka make me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka maʻi.

I ka wā mālama kauka, ua ʻike ʻia no ka pili o kekahi mau pilikia, kī ʻole ka hana. ʻO ia hoʻi, i kēlā kūlana, pono e hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohui o nā maka lā ciprofloxacin.

Aia i loko o kēia ʻano nā ʻano like:

• hoʻohuihui haneli (diluted),
• papaha ʻaʻai
• wai maʻemaʻe
• Trilon B
• ciprofloxacin.

ʻO ka hapa nui iā lākou ʻaʻole pili i ka hana o ke kino.

Ma mua o ka hoʻopilikia, mai haʻalele i nā mea e ʻike ʻia i nā koi haʻahaʻa. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi hōʻeha o ka makemake i ke olakino.

ʻO nā wahine hāpai a me ka lactating i ka wā kamaliʻi

I ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation ua contraindicated. ʻAʻohe mea ʻokoʻa i ʻike inā ʻoi loa ka pōmaikaʻi i ka makuahine ma mua o ka hana ʻino ʻana i ka pēpē.

I nā keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki 18, ua pāpā ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻole.

Hoʻopili ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe:

Me ka hana like o ciprofloxacin me didanosine, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka ciprofloxacin ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā mea kikoʻī ciprofloxacin me nā alumini a me nā koikoi magnesium i loko o ka didanosine.

Me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana me ka warfarin, hiki ke piʻi aʻe o ke kahe koko.

Me ka hana like o ciprofloxacin a me theophylline, kahi hoʻonui i ke kāʻā ʻana o ka theophylline i loko o ke koko koko, he piʻi ʻana ma T, hiki_1/2 theophylline, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena o ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia e pili ana i ka theophylline.

ʻO ka lawelawe like ʻana o nā antacids, a me ka mākaukau e loaʻa ana i ka alumini, ka zinc, ka hao a me nā kīmona magnesium, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻana mai o nā ciprofloxacin, no laila ʻo ka manawa ma waena o ke koho ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau me ka liʻiliʻi loa 4 mau hola.

Nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi a me ka mālama mua:

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, koi ʻia kahi hoʻoponopono regimen hoʻoponopono. Hoʻohana me ka mālama pono i nā poʻe maʻi maʻi, me ka cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, epilepsy, convulsive syndrome of unclear etiology.

I ka wā mālama, pono e loaʻa i nā mea maʻi ka nui o ka nui o ka wai.

I ka hihia o ka hoʻomau mau ʻia, pono ke kolo ʻia ciprofloxacin.

Me ka hoʻonaninani iv o nā ciprofloxacin a me nā barbiturates, ka mālama ʻana o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka holo koko, pono o ECG. I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, pono ia e kāohi i ka nānā ʻana o ka urea, creatinine, a me nā transaminases hepatic i ke koko.

I ka wā mālama, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā mea neʻe (ʻoi aku ka wā i hoʻohana pū ʻia me ka waiʻona).

ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻopuka o ka ciprofloxacin subconjunctival a i ʻole i loko o ke keʻena mua o ka maka.

Me ka hana pūnāwai paʻa ʻole

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, koi ʻia kahi hoʻoponopono regimen hoʻoponopono.

Hoʻohana i ka wā kahiko

E hoʻohana me ka akahele o ka poʻe maʻi maʻi.

Hoʻohana i ke wā kamaliʻi

Contraindicated i nā keiki a me nā'ōpiopio ma lalo o 15 mau makahiki o ka makahiki.

Hōʻikeʻike i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā lēʻeha i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e nā microorganisms i pili i ka ciprofloxacin, ʻo ia hoʻi nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū o nā pelvic, nā iwi, nā ʻāʻī, ka ʻili, ka septicemia, nā maʻi hōʻeha o nā kino ENT. Hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi postoperative. ʻO ka pale a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi i nā maʻi me ka hoʻemi ʻia o ke ʻano palekana.

No ka hoʻohana topical: maʻa a me ka subacute conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, ulia corneal bakery, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, dacryocystitis mauī, meibomites. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lehelehe maka ma hope o nā hōʻeha a me nā kino ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopuka Preoperative i ka hana ophthalmic.

Ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana

Kanakaiho. Loko - 250-750 mg 2 manawa / lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka mālamaʻana mai ka lā 7-10 a 4 mau pule.

No ka hoʻokele intravenous, hoʻokahi pākahi ʻo 200-400 mg, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke lawelawe ʻana he 2 mau manawa / lā, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i nā hebedoma 1-2, inā pono hou. Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe i ka iv i loko o kahi jet, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka hoʻokele droplet no 30 mau minuke.

Ke noi ia ma luna, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā kulu 1-2 i loko o ka ʻeke o ka maka o ka maka i hoʻopā ʻia i kēlā me kēia mau hola 1-4. Ma hope o ka holomua, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka waena o nā instillations.

ʻO ka nui loa no ka lā pākahi no nā pākeke ke lawe ʻia a ʻōlapa ʻia ʻo 1.5 g.