ʻO ka maʻi maʻi o ka hoʻoholo o ka hemoglobin glycated

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi o ka hoʻoholo o ka hemoglobin glycated
Hemoglobin Glycated, a i ole glycogemoglobin (hōʻike pōkole: hemoglobin A1c, Hba1c) He māʻelima koko biochemical e hōʻike ana i ka puna koko koko no ka manawa lōʻihi (a hiki i ʻekolu mau mahina), e kū'ē i ke ana ʻana i ka glucose koko, e hāʻawi ana i kahi manaʻo o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose koko ma ka manawa o ke aʻo ʻana.
Hōʻike ka glycated hemoglobin i ka pakeneka o ke koko hemoglobin i hoʻohuli ʻole ʻia i nā molekena glucose. Hoʻololi ʻia ka glycated hemoglobin ma muli o ka hopena Maillard ma waena o ka hemoglobin a me ka glucose o ke koko. Hoʻonui ka nui o ka glucose o ke koko i ka maʻi diabetes i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia hopena, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycated i loko o ke koko. ʻO ke ola o nā sela koko ʻōmaʻomaʻo (nā sela koko ʻulaʻula), aia iā lākou ka hemoglobin, a momona i nā lā 120-125. ʻO ia ke kumu e hōʻike ana i ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycated i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o glycemia no nā mahina ʻekolu.
ʻO Glycated hemoglobin kahi hōʻailona hoʻohui i ka glycemia no ʻekolu mau mahina. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe nui o ka hemoglobin glycated, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemia no nā mahina ʻekolu i hala, a no laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka paio o ka maʻi diabetes.
ʻO ka noi ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycated e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nānā i ke ʻano o ke ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi diabetes i nā mahina ʻekolu ʻekolu. Me kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hemoglobin glycated, e hoʻoponopono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoi ʻana i ka insulin a i ʻole nāʻaila i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka lāʻau) a me ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā pono maʻamau ka HbA1c mai ka 4% a i ka 5.9%. Ma ka maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, ua piʻi ka nui o ka HbA1c, kahi e hōʻike ai i kahi nui loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy, nephropathy a me nā hoʻopiʻi. Ua hōʻike ka International Diabetes Federation e mālama i nā pae HbA1c ma lalo o 6.5%. A waiwai o HbA1c ma mua o 8% ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi kīnā ʻole e loli a mālama ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Mākaukau hoʻomākaukau ʻana

ʻO Glycosylated a i ʻole glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) kahi hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko i nā lā he 1-2-3 i hala. ʻO nā manaʻo nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana: ka mālama ʻana i ke ala o ka maʻi diabetes (1 manawa i 3 mau mahina), ka nānā ʻana i ka hopena o ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi maʻi, kahi hōʻailona o ka loaʻa o nā hōʻahewa o ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻO Glycosylated a i ʻole glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ka hui pū ʻana o ka hemoglobin A a me ka glucose, i hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o ke kino non-enzymatically. Ma kahi o 5-8% o hemoglobin i loko o nā ʻāpana koko ʻaʻī kahi paʻa loa i ka molekena glucose. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka glucose ka hoʻohui i ka molekala Hemoglobin he hana maʻamau, akā i ka manawa o ke ola o ke kaʻaela ʻulaʻula me kahi mea hoʻonui lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka nui o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, hoʻonui kēia pakeneka. Kahi ʻia nā ʻōhua hemoglobin like me glycosylated. Nui nā ʻano he hemoglobins glycosylated (HbAIa, HbAIb, HbAIc). Ua manaʻoʻia i ka hemoglobin - HbA1c (ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kuʻuna) ke ʻano nui o ka maʻi lapaʻau. ʻO ka paʻaʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated e pili ana i ka paʻa o ka glucose i ke koko. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka erythrocyte he ola maʻamau o 120 lā, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka maʻi HbA1c e hōʻike i ka glucose serum maʻamau no 1-2-3 mau mahina ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana.
I ka hoʻohui i hemoglobin, hiki i kēia mau kaʻina hana i ka glycation: albumin, collagen, protein lens o ka maka, transferrin, erythrocyte membrane protein a me nā mea he nui ke ʻano o nā protein a me nā enzyme, e alakaʻi ana i ka hana o kā lākou hana a me ka hōʻemi o ka maʻi mellitus.
Hoʻomaopopo ka manaʻo o ka hemoglobin glycosylated e ka World Health Organization e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i nā papa o ka maʻi diabetes i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina.
ʻO ka koho ʻana o HbA1c e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka ʻike o ka glucose ma waena o ke kipa ʻana i ke kauka. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka serum HbA1c o ka mea maʻi, ʻoi aku ka paʻahana o ka glucose kaohi.
ʻO ka normalization o ka pae o ka HbA1c i ke koko e hele ana i nā wiki 4-6 ma hope o ka hōʻea i nā pae glucose maʻamau. Ke nānā nei i ka mālamaʻana o ka maʻi maʻi, e hōʻike ʻia e mālama i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hemoglobin glycated ma lalo o 7% a e nānā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 8% (e like me ke kumu no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka HbA1c me nā kumu maʻamau i loko o ka 4-6%).
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Glycated hemoglobin e like me ka hōʻailona o ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻopiʻi maʻi maʻi.
Hiki paha i nā ʻano helu ma waena o nā mea hana ma muli o ke kaʻina hana loiloi, no laila ʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana ma nā dinamika i ʻoi aku ka hana ma loko o kahi pūnaehana a i ʻole like me nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hiki ke loli pololei nā hualoaʻa ma kekahi ʻano e pili ai i ka hapa maʻamau o ko lākou ola ʻana i nā ʻolielelane. ʻO ka pīpī a i ʻole hemolysis paha e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka HbA1c. ʻO ke kahe koko ua hoʻohuli i ka hopena. Me ka hao pōpilikia hao, ʻike ʻia kahi hoʻonui hewa i ka HbA1c.

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka Diagnostic

Pono e wehewehe ʻia i ka mea maʻi e loiloi ke aʻo ʻana i ka pono o ka lāʻau antidiabetic.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia no ka hōʻike pono ʻana e lawe i ke kahe koko a haʻi i ka mea a wai a e lawe i ke koko mai ka vein.

Ma hope o kahi kīwī, e hōʻiliʻili nā veins i ke koko i loko o kahi kīpī me EDTA.
Kūpono ʻia ka pūnaewele venipuncture me kahi pōpō poli a hiki i ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻaʻe.
Me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hematoma ma ke kahua o ka venipuncture, hoʻonoho nā mea hoʻohuoho wela.
Kuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i kahi noiʻi hou aku ma hope o nā hebedoma 6-8.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻike o ka hemoglobin glycosylated he 4.0 - 5.2% o ka huina hemoglobin.

Hoʻokomo nā mea hewa i ka hopena o ka hōʻike

ʻO nā kumu hoʻohuli

Ka hoʻopono koko ʻole hewa - ʻaʻole lawa i hui ʻia ke koko me ka vitro anticoagulant (EDTA).

Nā mea nui e hoʻonui ai i nā hopena
- Hemoglobin Carbamylated (i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mea maʻi me ka uremia).
- ʻO ka hole waiwai.
- Indapamide.
- Moramela.
- Propranolol.
- Nā mea hoʻonani hewa

ʻO Hemoglobin F (fetal) a me nā paʻahana labile e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i kahi hopena i nā hopena.
Hemoglobin Glycated. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hemoglobin glycosylated. Lawe i kahi hana hoʻōla e hoʻonui i ke kō koko
Papa ʻāwili palapala moʻo
Hemoglobin Glycated (HbA1c)

ʻAʻole paʻa ke kumukūʻai (ke kumukūʻai o ka nānā ʻana) ma kā mākou pūnaewele.
No ka pilina me ka hoʻopili hou i ka mana o ka pūnaewele.

Hoʻopili ʻo Glucose me nā protein (me ka hemoglobin) me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā waihona Schiff. No laila, ʻo kekahi hoʻonui liʻiliʻi pōkole i ka neʻe o ka glucose i ke koko ke waiho nei i kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻano o kahi hoʻonui nui o kahi o ka hemoglobin glycosylated. HbA1 ika o ekolu HbA1a, HbA1b, HbA1c. ʻO ka nui, ʻo ka HbA1c ke lanakila.

Hōʻike ka pae o ka HbA1c i ka hyperglycemia i loaʻa i ka wā o ke ola kelepona ʻulaʻula (a hiki i 120 lā). He ʻokoʻa nā kahe o ke koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke koko, no laila, no nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka pae glucose, e alakaʻi ʻia ana lākou e ka hapalua ola o nā kelepona koko - 60 lā. No laila, hōʻike ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycated i ka mea o ke kūlohelo o ka glucose i loko o nā hebedoma 4-8 ma mua a he hōʻailona kēia o ka uku o ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o nā pūkini i ka wā o kēia manawa. ʻO ke ana o ka uʻi HbA1 e ʻae i ka nānā aku ʻana i ka uha o ka hyperglycemia i ka maʻi mellitus. ʻAʻole i hilinaʻi ʻia ka hopena o ka glycosylation i kēlā me kēia lā o ka fluctuations i kēlā me kēia lā i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko, ma ka hana pilikino o ke kino, ke ʻano o ka ʻai, ka hana kūlohelohe a hilinaʻi wale nō i ka nui a me ka lōʻihi o ka hyperglycemia. I nā maʻi me ka maʻi mellitus me ka hyperglycemia hoʻomau, piʻi nui ka ʻike o HbA1c. Hoʻohana ʻia ka maʻi maʻi me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka glucose o ke koko no ka manawa pōkole wale nō, no laila he mea nui loa ia e koho i nā regimen maʻamau e loaʻa ana i kahi normalization o ka maʻi glycemia. ʻO ka waiwai o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ka mellitus maʻi mellitus he mau ʻano i ka HbA1c ma kekahi ʻano kiʻekiʻe o glucose i loko o ke koko i kahi manawa lōʻihi, kahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hapalua hapalua o ka molekala Hemoglobin. ʻO ia hoʻi, hōʻike ʻo glycosylated hemoglobin i ke ʻano o ka uku o ka maʻi diabetes i nā lā he 1-2 i hala. Hoʻouku ʻia ka maʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, ka haʻahaʻa o ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi maʻi maʻamau e like me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maka - retinopathy, hōʻeha o ka kidney - nephropathy, hoʻopōʻino i nā nipina peripheral a me nā moku koko e alakaʻi ana i ka gangrene. No laila, ʻo ka pahuhopu hoʻolālā o ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi diabetes ka hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana o ka glucose i nā pae maʻamau. ʻO ke ana i ka kōkō o ka kō i ke koko capillary hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka nui o ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose, ke hoʻoholo nei ka HbA1c i ka manaʻo hoʻohui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemia.

Ka maʻamau: 3.5-7.0 μM fructose / g hemoglobin a 3.9 - 6.2%

He mea koʻikoʻi ka manaʻo o HbA1c i nā wahine me ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā e hoʻolālā ana i ka wā hāpai a i ka wā hāpai. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ʻo ka pae o HbA1c no 6 mau mahina ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana a i ka wā i hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia o ka hāpai ʻana i ka hopena. ʻO ka hakakā paʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemia e hoʻemi i ka hōʻeha ʻana o nā maʻi kuhi fetal mai 33% a 2%.

Ke kumu no ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ke koko

ʻO Glycosylated hemoglobin - kahi pilina ma waena o kahi papa koko ʻulaʻula a me kahi calcium. Ua lilo ʻo ia i ka helu ʻole. No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻike i kahi hōʻailona e mālama nei i ke koko a i ke ola o nā sela koko wili (3 mau mahina). I nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka mea o ka hemoglobin glycosylated.

I mea e ʻike ai i ka ʻike o ka kuhikuhi, hāʻawi lākou i ke koko no ka hoʻoili ʻana. Ua kūpono kēia wai a venous a capillary waiʻai no kēia.

Ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka meaola koi, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻano i ka ngongo hoʻāʻo e pale ai i ka hono koko. Inā loaʻa i kahi māla, ʻaʻole loaʻa kahi noiʻi hou aʻe. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā mea o nā puna, a laila hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka mea hoʻopalike. Hoʻopili pinepine ia i ka hōʻailona, a hāʻawi i ʻikepili ma ka palapala noi.

Hoʻohana ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahuhopu i ka hiki o ka hala olakino i ka helu ʻana i ka helu o nā mea pono. ʻO ia, ʻo ia ka 'ikepili i mea e hilinaʻi nui ʻia. Akā e hōʻoia i ka helu o ka hōʻailona, ʻoi aku ia e alakaʻi i kahi noi ʻelua. I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻailona like, ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike.

Mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he nui o nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kuʻi, me ia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i nā ʻōnaehana like o nā wai o nā ʻano kanaka. Aia nā mea nui no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycosylated.

Kūʻai chromatograph. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke koko i kekahi mau māhele i ʻike ʻia ai kahi hōʻike i hāʻawi ʻia.
ʻO ke hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano chromatograph. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā meons i mau molekala. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano loea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke ana ʻia i kekahi mau māhele liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi kumu o kēlā mea pena ka mea noiʻi no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hemoglobin Dly glycosylated.
Immunoturbidmetry. E hoʻoholo i ka hōʻailona ma ke ana ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o ke koko i ka pulu o ka pūnaehana antigen-antibody.
Nā mea noiʻi hoʻohuli. Koho ʻia e kēlā me kēia mea maʻi no ka hoʻohana home. No ka hōʻike ʻana, liʻiliʻi ka nui o ke koko o ka capillary, ka mea i loaʻa ma ka ʻū ʻana i ka ʻili me kahi scarifier. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka polokalamu ma ka fotometry, me ke ana o ka lōʻihi. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia o lākou i ka florescence (luminescence), kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ka hopena kūpono o ka hōʻailona. E heluhelu i kahi loiloi kikoʻī o nā mea noiʻi koko home.

Inā pilikia kekahi maʻi i ka olakino, kū mai kona kaila koko i kēlā me kēia manawa, e ʻōlelo ke kauka e kūʻai i kahi mea noiʻi home. Pono ka maʻalahi o nā kime glycosylated hemoglobin e hoʻohana i hiki i nā mea maʻi āpau ke hoʻohana iā lākou.

ʻO nā kumu helu no ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated

Aia ka pahu i kēia mau ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike e pono ai no ka chromatography:

nā mea hana anti-clotting, no ke ʻano, EDTA,
nā mea ʻoliʻoli hemolele e luku ai i nā ʻōnaehana koko glucose,
ʻōhi kumikā - kahi wai mālama e mālama i ke kūlana acid-base o ka hoʻonā.
kaʻaila acetic acid - ka wai e pono ai e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea nui i ka mea hōʻike i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana,
kuhi hoʻohālikelike - pono e hoʻohālikelike i ka hopena me ka pilikino,
ʻōnaehana semi-aunoa, ʻo ia kahi mea nāna e hoʻohuli.

He mea like paha nā kumuhana o luna ma luna o nā ʻoihana like ʻole, akā ʻo ke kumu no lākou e hoʻomau ʻia ka like. ʻO kēlā me kēia pae o ka hoʻoholo i ka hemoglobin glycosylated i loko o ke koko ka mea e loaʻa ai nā ʻōlelo i hoʻohana.

ʻO ka koho o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ke koko āpau

Pono ke kauka i ka mea maʻi pehea e hana ai i kahi hōʻike no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ke koko āpau.

No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻano i loko o ka hōʻike hōʻike hoʻāʻo e kāohi i ke koko. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ke koko āpau. Eia ka ʻālana like. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka hopena hopena a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. No laila, neʻe ʻia kahi pālahalaha erythrocyte, pono e halihali me kahi pipette a hoʻohuli ʻia i kahi hōʻike hoʻokipa kahi i waiho ai ka hemolytic. Hoʻohui a paʻa ʻia ka hopena hopena. I kēia manawa, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kaʻina o ka hemolysis, ʻo ia hoʻi nā luku ʻana i nā koko koko ʻula, e waiho wale ana ka glucose. I hoʻoholo ʻia e ka ʻili.

ʻO ka hoʻoholoʻana i ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ka serum koko

ʻO ka Serum kahi waiwai koko i puka mai i ke koko holoʻokoʻa. No kēia, kau ʻia ka hoʻohālike i loko o kahi pākō hōʻike a hoʻonoho i kahi centrifuge. Hana ia i nā ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o 10 mau minuke, ua paʻa ke kāpili. E waiho ana kahi wai melemele ma luna o nā pahu, kahi serum. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea uila i ka mea hoʻokahi, no laila e loaʻa kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula.

Hoʻopau ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano he nui:

serum, ka hoʻonele hemoglobin, hoʻohui ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe e me nā leʻaleʻa
hoʻokaʻawale hoʻokaʻawale kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka papa o ka serum a me ka wai hoʻoneʻe,
nā mea ʻelua e koi ʻia, a laila waiho i kahi centrifuge i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe,
ma luna o ka pahu wai, ua hoʻohuihui ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka wai o ka mea i waiho ʻia a hoʻohui ʻia ka ammonium sulfate.

ʻO ka hopena he wai kahe mai ka serum o ke koko, hiki ke nānā ʻia ma kahi photoelectrocolorimeter. He polokalamu kēia e hoʻoholo i ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā ʻike i loaʻa mai ia mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka puʻuwai no ka nānā ʻana i ka pau ʻole. Pono e hoʻoholo i ka waiwai loa i ka 1 pā o ke koko.

ʻO ka hoʻoholoʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ka maʻi diabetes

Hōoholo ʻia ka hōʻailona glycated i ka manawa manawa i like me 3 mahina. No laila, lawe ʻia ka noi ma ke mele. Hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia nā loiloi ma hope o kekahi mau lā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā hopena. Akā ʻoiai, loaʻa ka ʻike i ka hopena kūpono. Ma muli o lākou, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoponopono i nā ʻōhua hou:

ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, i hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka wā e loaʻa ana i ka ʻikepili maikaʻi ʻole,
hōʻino ʻia e ka mea maʻi o nā lula o ke kaʻina no ka hyperglycemia, ka mea e pili ana i ka lilo ʻana o nā pika, ka hana kūlohelohe, kūlohelohe a kūlohelohe.

Nui! Me ka hyperglycemia, ua ʻoi ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pae glucose i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mika glucose koko home. ʻO ka hōʻike glycosylated e ʻike i ka manawa hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 120 lā.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi mellitus he maʻi pōʻino e hoʻopuni ʻia me nā hoʻopiʻi e hōʻemi ana i ka noho maʻamau o ka mea maʻi, a i ʻole e alakaʻi i kona make ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka manawa, e pili ai i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka koho ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated e ʻae i ke kauka e loiloi i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau, e hoʻoponopono iā ia.

ʻO ka hemoglobin Glycosylated - he aha ia?

E nānā i kahi kikoʻī e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka glycosylated hemoglobin. ʻO nā sela koko hoʻokoe ka mea i loaʻa i kahi palekika hao paʻa kūloko, kahi e pono ai no ka lawe ʻana aku i nā oxygen a me nā carbon. ʻO Glucose (gula, nā kākāwa) hiki ke hoʻohui pū me ka ʻohi o ka enzymatically, me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycosylated (HbA1C). Hoʻonui nui ʻia kēia kaʻina me ka nui o ke kō o ka kō (hyperglycemia). ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o nā kaila koko ʻulaʻula ma luna o 95 - 120 mau lā, no laila ke hōʻike nei ka pae o ka HbA1C i ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka glucose i nā 3 mau mahina i hala. ʻO ke kumu o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i loko o ke koko he 4-6% o kona nui a kūpono hoʻi i kahi waihona hilo maʻamau o 3-5 mmol / l. Hoʻopili mua nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻake ʻana o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā pakano a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose kiʻekiʻe ma ke koko i ia mau ʻano.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (ka hilinaʻi-insulin) - me ka hemo o ka insulin (pancreatic hormone), ke hoʻohana nei i nā kalapona e nā cellules o ke kino, ka mea i alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui lōʻihi.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus type 2 (ʻaʻole-insulin-hilinaʻi) - e pili pū me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka glucose hoʻohana lēwa i ka wā o ka hana o ka insulin.
ʻO ka hana kūpono ʻole o nā kiʻekiʻe o ka kalaiwa kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi i ka hyperglycemia lōʻihi.

ʻO nā kumu o ka hemoglobin hoʻonui glycosylated, ʻaʻole i pili i ka piʻi ʻana o ka glucose i ke koko:

ka ʻalo ʻana i ka wai
alakaʻi i ka make mea paʻakai,
hao anemia anemia
ka hemo ʻana o ka pīpī - ka spleen ka mea i waiho ai i nā aʻī nā kaila ʻulaʻula (ka "cemetery" o nā ʻoka koko kelepona), no laila ʻo kona hala ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nohona olakino āpau a hoʻonui i ka HbA1C,
uremia - ka hapa ʻole o ka hana a ka mea pono i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā huahana metabola i loko o ke koko a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i carbohemoglobin, kahi mea like me nā waiwai i ka glycosylated.

Nā kumu o ke kaila HbA1C

ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated he hōʻailona pili ia, e kū nei i kēlā mau hihia:

ʻO ka pohō nui o ke koko - a me ka hemoglobin maʻamau, ua nalowale hoʻi ka glycosylated.
ʻO ke kahe koko (nehe koko) - HbA1C e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me kona hapa maʻamau, ʻaʻole i pili ʻia me nā kaʻe.
ʻO ka hemolytic anemia (anemia) he hui o nā maʻi hematological kahi i hōʻemi ʻia ai ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o nā ʻōpū koko wula, a make nā cell me glycosylated HbA1C ma mua aʻe nei.
ʻO ka hypoglycemia lōʻihi lōʻihi - kahi emi o ka glucose.

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻano maikaʻi o ka hemoglobin e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka hopena o ka loiloi a hāʻawi i kahi hoʻonui hoʻopiʻi a hoʻoemi paha i kāna ʻano glycosylated.

Loaʻa ke kūlike i ka hoʻohālikelike 'Lūkini Gula

ʻAi - e kumu ana i ka piʻi o ka haʻalulu, ma ke ʻano he mau hola.
ʻO ke ʻano manaʻo, ke kaumaha, ma ka pō o ka hōʻike, hoʻonui ʻia ka glucose i ke koko ma muli o ka hana ʻana o nā hormones e hoʻonui i kona kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau haʻahaʻa, hoʻōla ka hana kino i ka glucose.

No laila, hiki i kahi hōʻike hoʻohālikelike i ka pae o ka hogele ke hōʻike i kona hoʻonui, ʻaʻole e hōʻike mau ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kipi i kāna metabolism. A, ʻaʻole hoʻi, ʻaʻole kahi manaʻo maʻamau ke pilikia o ka pilikia me ka metabolism o nā paʻakai. ʻAʻole pili ka mea i luna i ka pae o ka hemoglobin defly glycosylated. ʻO ia ke kumu no kāna weheweheʻana he kumu kuhikuhi i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hōʻemi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā hana hōʻoki kino ma ke kino. Hōʻike no ka noiʻi: Ma ka laulā, ke hana ʻia nei ka noi ʻana e hoʻoholo me ka hoʻohālikelike i nā maʻi metabola o nā kalapona a hana ʻia i ia mau hihia:

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus type, i hele pū ʻia e nā palahalaha i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā minamina i nā manawa pōkole.
Ua ʻike mua i ka maʻi diabetes 2.
Hāpai i nā pauku e hoʻonele ai ka hoʻoneʻe i nā keiki.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi me ka paepae renal maʻamau, inā he hapa nui o nā powa i ka excreted i nā palaka.
I nā wahine i lilo a hānai a ua hōʻano ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi, ʻano type like 1 a 2 paha.
ʻO ke maʻi maʻi gestational - kahi hoʻonui o ke koko koko i ka wā hāpai, ma ka hihia inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa mua ka maʻi diabetes. Hōʻike ka hoʻoliʻu gula i kēia hihia me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, no ka mea, kahi nui o nā huaʻai mai ke koko e hele ai i ka maʻi hānau.
ʻO ka kaohi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau - ke kumu o ka maʻi hemoglobin glycosylated e hōʻike i ke kaona o ke kō ma luna o ka manawa lōʻihi, kahi e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻokolokolo i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i nā mea maʻi maʻi maʻi hoʻoponopono e like me nā hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana.

No ke aha he mea nui e maopopo i nā pilikia o ke kōlea o ka hana mimi i loko o ke kino e like me ka hiki? ʻO ka hoʻonui lōʻihi i ka pae o ke kō e alakaʻi i nā hopena i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia i ke kino ma muli o kona hoʻopili ʻana i nā protein, ʻo ia hoʻi:

ʻAʻole hiki i ka hana kūpono ke halihali i ka glycosylated HbA1C i ka hana o ka halihali oxygen i lawa pono, e hōʻake ai i ka hypoxia o nā palaka a me nā huina. A ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia kuhikuhi, ka haʻahaʻa o ka pae o ka oxygen i nā kiko.
Hōʻailona ka ʻike (retinopathy) - ka palena o ka glucose i nā protein o ka retina a me nā lens o ka maka.
Kaʻai ʻole Renal (nephropathy) - ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā palesa i nā pākōkī o ka pēpē.
Ke ala o ka puʻuwai (cardiopathy) a me nā kīʻaha koko.
ʻĀwili ʻana o nā ena o nā ʻiʻo peripheral (polyneuropathy).

Pehea e lawe ai i kahi loiloi?

No ka kikoʻī, lawe ʻia ke koko a pau mai ka vein i kahi nui o ka 2-5 ml a hui pū ʻia me nā hāpau anticoagulant e pale ai i kāna hoʻopaʻi ʻana. Hiki iā ia ke mālama no a hiki i ka hebedoma 1, ke mahana +2 + 5 ° С. ʻO kekahi mau ʻōlelo kūikawā ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano koko no ka hemoglobin glycosylated e pono e hana, ʻaʻole like me ka laʻa no ke kōpaʻa. ʻO ke alapine o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o kēia mākaʻina kūloko no ka maʻi mellitus no ka kāne a me nā wahine, a ʻo ka manawa hoʻi o 2 a 3 mau mahina no ka ʻano ʻo I, 6 mau mahina no ke ʻano II. I nā wahine hāpai - pale i nā hebedoma he 10 mau hapai me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kahi kōpaʻa kauoha.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hualoaʻa

Inā makemake ʻoe i ka nīnau a nā mea a ke glycosylated hemolobin e hōʻike nei, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻole i nā waiwai o ke ʻano hoʻokolokolo e hoʻoholo i ke pae o HbA1C ʻaʻole paʻakikī. ʻO kona hoʻonui e 1% mai ka palaki e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻoemi glucose i 2 mmol / L. Kēia mau kuhikuhi o HbA1C me ka pae o kū o ka glucose a me ka kūlana o ka pakanā ka paʻalepa e wehewehe ʻia ma ka papa ʻaina o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei:

ʻO ka awelika o ka glucose i nā mahina 3 hope loa, mmol / l

He aha ka hemoglobin glycosylated

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ke kō o ke koko ma ka nānā ʻana, a ua hāʻawi pinepine nā ʻano he nui i nā hopena hewa. ʻO nā koho e komo a me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana, ka loiloi hemoglobin glycosylated. Uaʻike kēia aʻo ʻana ma mua o ka glucose i ke koko.

ʻO ka Glycosylated hemoglobin kahi pūpū e hoʻoholo ai i nā meli koko ma waena o nā lā he 120 i hala. Ma kahi o ka huaʻōlelo "glycosylated", hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO kēia mau huaʻōlelo ka like me ka lua, a e hōʻike pū kekahi i nā hemoglobin e pili ana i ka glucose.

No nā poʻe olakino a me ka maʻi maʻi, he nui ka nui o ka glycogemoglobin i loko o ke koko he manawa ke hele i ka haukapila. E kuhikuhi ke kauka i kahi papa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kuhikuhi paha iā ʻoe e hana i nā loli ola. I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi, hāʻawi lākou i kahi meaʻai kūikawā, e pili ana i kāu e pono ai ke ʻai wale i ka meaʻai i loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kāowaʻawe.

ʻO ke ala kūpono no ka nānā ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa kō i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycosylated. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō kēia hana hoʻokahi: ua hoʻemi ʻia kona ʻoihana inā i hana ʻia kahi mana me ke koko.

Ma ke ʻano he:

inā i komo ka mea maʻi i ke kahe koko, he hemoglobin glucose i ke koko, a me ka mea nāna e hoʻoneʻe i ke koko, e ʻokoʻa aʻe ia,
ke emi ʻana o nā hopena i loaʻa ma hope o ke koko a me ka hemolysis,
hiki ke kahuli hewa e nānā ʻia me ka anemia deficiency.

ʻO ke nānā aku i ka glycogemoglobin e kōkua inā:

inā ka pae o ke kō o ka hoʻāʻo ma ka mea maʻamau.
i ka manawa ʻaʻole e hoʻomanawanui ka mea maʻi i ka meaʻai no 3-4 mau mahina, a ma ka hebedoma ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana ua oki ʻo ia i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hōʻola kala, me ka manaʻolana ʻole e ʻike kekahi.

Ma hope o ke kūleʻa ʻana, e nīnau aku i kahi kauka. E haʻi ka loea i ka manawa e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻoihana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻōhumu ka mea maʻi i kekahi mea, e kau ʻia nā lā kipa i ke keʻena i ka endocrinologist e nā kauka. E hoʻoholo ka ola erythrocyte i ke alapine o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka glycogemoglobin study. A hana nō kēia i kēlā me kēia lā 120.

Inā ʻaʻohe manaʻo a hoʻopiʻi hewa paha a laila, ʻaʻole ia he kumu no ke kipa pinepine ʻana i kahi kauka.

Kākau	ʻO keʻano
No nā pākeke	Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā glycogemoglobin i 5%. ʻO nā huli ʻana i kekahi kuhikuhi e 1% hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻole. Ke hilinaʻi nei nā waiwai kikoʻi i ka makahiki a me nā nuances o ke ala o ka maʻi.

i ka poʻe ʻōpio, pono e kaupalena ʻia ka glycohemoglobin i loko o 6.5%.
no nā makahiki waena - ʻaʻoheʻoi aʻe o 7%,
no nā poʻe kahiko - 7,5%.

Eia nō naʻe, he mea kūpono ia e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēlā mau helu inā ʻaʻole i hoʻopiʻi nā maʻi a ʻaʻohe kūʻē o ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi. I kekahi kūlana ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻonui ka hōʻailona i ka 0.5% no kēlā me kēia māhele.

ʻAʻole ʻo ia ka hopena ke hoʻomanawanui. ʻO ka loiloi e pono e hana i ka manawa like me ka nānā ʻana o ka glycemia. ʻO ka awelika o ka glycogemoglobin a me konaʻano maʻamau e hōʻoia ʻole e loli nui ka pae i loko o ka lā. No ka hapaiHiki i ka pae o ka glycohemoglobin i kēia mau wahine ke ʻokoʻa nui mai ka maʻamau, no ka mea, e hana ana ke kino o ka makuahine nona iho a me ke keiki.

ʻO nā huaʻōlelo i hōʻikeʻia i ka maʻamau:

a i nā makahiki 28 - a hiki i ka 6.5%,
mai 28-40 mau makahiki - a hiki i 7%,
40 makahiki a ʻoi aku - a i ka 7,5%.

Inā loaʻa ka glycohemoglobin i ka wahine hāpai i ka pae o 8-10%, hōʻike kēia i kahi hōʻeha a koi pono i ka maʻi maʻi.
Pono ka hoʻākāka ʻana no ke kōpī o ka makuahine e manaʻo ai he mau manawa i ka wā o ka hapai holoʻokoʻa, ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o ke kaʻina hana. No na keikiʻO ke kumu o ka glycogemoglobin i nā keiki he like me ka pākeke a ʻo 5-6% ka nui. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka mea i loaʻa i kahi uku kiʻekiʻe. Inā kīlaha loa ʻia ia, e pilikia paha ka pēpē.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia: ʻaʻole i ikaika nā kino o nā keiki, no laila ua pono kahi ala kūikawā. No nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻiInā hoʻoholo ʻia ka maʻi, ʻo ka hana nui o ka mea maʻi e mālama i ka hōʻailona ma ka 7%. ʻAʻole maʻalahi kēia a pono e noʻonoʻo i ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana o ka keohi nei i ka ulu o ke kō o nā kō, ua hoʻohana ʻia:

insulin (inā pono)
ka hoʻomauʻana i kahi meaʻai kūikawā,
loiloi pinepine
hoʻohana o kahi glucometer.

Hoʻopili ke ʻano o nā kaohi glucose i nā wahine i ka wā hāpai

ʻOiai ʻo nā pono kūpono o ka noiʻi glycogemoglobin, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka poʻe hāpai wahine e hana, no ka mea, ke ulu pinepine ka pilikia o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka glucose koko ma hope o ka mahina 6th. E hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike like ʻana me ka hoʻonui ʻana ma hope o 2 mau mahina, kahi kokoke i ka hānau pono ʻana a inā kiʻekiʻe loa nā hōʻailona, e ʻike ʻia ana.

Inā hāʻawi ʻoe i ke koko i ke kakahiaka a ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole, ʻaʻole pono ka hopena: ʻoi aʻe ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, a ma hope o nā hola he 3-4 nui hiki ke hōʻeha i ke ola olakino. I ka manawa like, pono nui ka nānā ʻana i ke kō koko koko.

ʻO ka mea e ʻike nui ʻia he hopena koko koko i hana ʻia ma ka home. I ke kūʻai ʻana i ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi hōʻike ma ka home ma hope o ka hapalua hola, 1 a me 2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka papa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 7.9 mmol / l, inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe, koi pono kēia me kahi kauka.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana

ʻO Glycosylated hemoglobin kahi pūpū e mālama pono ʻia kona ʻano ma lalo o ka loiloi mau ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona no ka noiʻi ʻana:

huehue a maʻi lolo
ka nānāʻana i ka kaohi lōʻihi o ka hyperglycemia i nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi,
ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes,
pale ʻia ka hoʻonaninani glucose
ka hoʻokolokolo o nā wahine i kahi kūlana.

Pono e kūkākūkā ʻia ʻo Glycogemoglobin me nā huaʻōlelo o ka maʻi maʻi:

ka malo maloʻo
ninini
nalowale kaumaha,
nā nāwaliwali
momona momona
manaʻo o ka makewai mau ʻole a me ka pōloli,
paipai i ka holoi ʻole ʻana i ka pā.
ho'ōla lōʻihi
nā maʻi ʻili
ʻike maka
tingling ma nā lima a me nā wāwae.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻoili ai

ʻO kekahi o nā pono pono nui o ka glycogemoglobin analima ʻo ia ka nele o ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.

He kūʻokoʻa ka ka hopena o ka hopena o:

psycho-psycho,
Ke kaumaha nei ke kino
lawe i nā lāʻau, me ke ʻano o ka antibiotics,
anu a me na ma’i
ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wā ma mua a ma hope iho paha.

Mākaukau ka hoʻomākaukau no ke kaʻina hana i kahi ʻano kūpono a ma ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kuhikuhi mai ke kauka inā pono.

ʻO ka normalization o ka hemoglobin glycosylated

Nui nā ala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu pae glycogemoglobin. ʻO ka maʻalahi loa o lākou ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka. Akā, ʻo ke ala kūpono o ke ola he mea nui loa. ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa hānai he meaʻai a me ka meaʻai kūpono.

Wahi a hoʻokahi noiʻi, ʻo ka maʻi diabetes type 2, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i nā pae hemoglobin glycemic, ʻoi aku ka 1% liʻiliʻi loa i ka hōʻeha o ka naʻau, nā mea cataracts.

No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glycogemoglobin, pono ʻoe:

E ho'ēmi i ka nui o nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā kōlei i ka ʻai (me ka nui o ka piʻi) a huli i ka (me kahi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia).
Eʻai i nā mea kanu i nā meaʻai a me nā huaʻai (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka maiʻa).
E hōʻole i nā kalaiʻu i hoʻoponopono ʻia - confectionery, hoʻoponopono keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo, nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, nā ʻakaʻaka, ke kīkohu, nā ʻano like ʻole. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mau, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi a hoʻololi pū me nā huahana kūlohelohe.
Ke hoʻokomo i nā huahana waiwa o ka haʻahaʻa o ka meaʻai, e kākoʻo kēia i ka hele mai o ka calcium a me ka vitamin D i loko o ke kino.
Eʻai i nā meaʻai momona, nā huaʻai i mea waiwai nui.
E hoʻohana i ka cinnamon ma ke ʻano he panimona, ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 0,5 tsp. i ka la.
Hōʻoiaʻiʻo e hahai i nā lawelawe.

ʻO kahi ala e hoʻihoʻi hou i ka holi i ka maʻamau ke mālama nei i kahi hana ikaika.

Hoʻohana pinepine pinepine:

kōkua e hoʻokuʻu i ke kaumaha kaloli,
hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular,
hoʻemi i ka paʻakikī o ke kaumaha a me ke kaumaha,
mahalo iā lākou, e hoʻomau mau ka kino i loko o ke ʻano maikaʻi.

He mea nui nā hele wāwae maʻamau i ka lewa hou. No nā mea e contraindicated ma ka hana kino, hele wāwae, Nordic, ʻauʻau, yoga, hana ʻana i ka hanu a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana.

He mea nui ka maʻamau a me ka maʻamau o ka papa hana i nā mea āpau. Hoʻohana kēia i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa, nā meaʻai a me nā hiamoe, ka manawa lapaʻau a me ka noiʻi. ʻO kēlā mau manawa loiloi e kōkua i ka mea maʻi e kāohi a hoʻoponopono pono ʻaʻole wale i ka glycogemoglobin, akā, ʻo kona ola pū kekahiʻano.

Loaʻa nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i nā hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka nui o nā protein protein-glycated i loaʻa i ka glycated.

Eia nā ʻoihana.

ke kākoʻo ikaika ma ke pae o ka 140/90 mm RT. Art.,
ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke pae o ka momona a ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka loli o ka atherosclerotic i loko o nā moku koko,
nā kaukau ʻana o ka makahiki ʻike, nā ʻili, nā ʻōpū a me nā wāwae. Pono ka mea maʻi e mālama i ka nānā ʻana o kona mau wāwae, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka hiki ʻana o nā palaka, ʻulaʻula a ʻūhū paha, nā lāʻau kanu, nā ʻōpala a me nā maʻi ākea.

Pono e hoʻākāka ʻia ka hana ʻoi ʻia ʻekolu mau manawa i ka makahiki, ʻoiai e hoʻomanaʻo ana ʻo ia ka noiʻi ʻana he mea ʻole i mea e pono ai ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pae glucose me ka haikala pākuʻi a ʻoi ae pono i nā lawelawe ʻelua o kēia mau hana i kahi ʻano holoʻokoʻa. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻemi i ka hōʻailona ma ka liʻiliʻi - ma kahi o 1% i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hakakā no kahi hōʻailona maʻamau o 6%, akā no nā waiwai i ʻokoʻa no nā ʻano ʻokoʻa.

Ke ʻike nei i kēia kuhikuhi (glycosylated hemoglobin), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi, hana i nā hoʻoponopono kūpono i ke ʻano o nā huahana o ke kō a me nā kīkau i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻemi i ke kō.

Nā ʻatikala: Mila Friedan