ʻO ka lāʻau Clindamycin: ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o nā kapula gelatin he mau ʻula poni a me kahi pāpale ʻulaʻula. Aia nā kākoi i ka keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. Kuhi kēlā me kēia mau puʻupuʻu i 150 mg o ka hana ikaika o ka clindamycin ma ke ʻano o ka hydrochloride.

ʻO ka Talc, ka lactose monohidate, ka magnesium stearate a me ka pauka palaoa e hoʻohana ʻia he mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

He nui nā hopena o Clindamycin a he maʻi bacteriostatic e pale i ke kaʻina hana o ka protein i nā microorganism pathogen. ʻO ka hana nui e kū'ē i ka gram-posit and microaerophilic cocci, me ka anaerobic gram-positive bacilli, ʻaʻole hana i nā spores.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā clostridia i kū i kēia antibiotic. I kēia hana, inā i loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi i ka maʻi i hopena ʻia e kēia ʻano o ke ʻano, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoholo mua ʻia ka antibioticogram.

Ma hope o ka hoʻohanaʻana, lawe koke ka lāʻau i ka gastrointestinal tract. Hōʻemi ka ʻai i ka helu o ka komo ʻana, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka nui o ke kō o ka lāʻau i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hoʻoilina maikaʻi ʻole ma o ka paepae-lolo, akā maʻalahi i ka komo ʻana i nā io a me nā wai like e like me ka pūpū, ka lawaiʻa, nā tonsils, pleura, nā ʻeha o nā wahi, nā tubop fallopian, bronchi, iwi a me ka ʻāʻīwili o ka mānoanoa, ka huʻu, ka wai a ka synovial, nā kaile o ka bile. prostate gland, hoʻopipili. I mua o kahi kaʻina hoʻonā i loko o ka meninges, nui ka mākelē o ka antibiotika ma o kaʻai koko-lolo.

ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ʻia i loko o ke koko i hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kapsul. Hoʻopili ʻia ka māhele nui o ka lāʻau mai ke kino no nā lā 4 i ke kōkua o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpū.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Hoʻoikaika ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi aʻe:

• ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū a me ka peritonitis ma hope o ka hōʻeha ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻeha kino,
• Septicemia
• ʻO nā maʻi lēpaʻi a nā ʻōpala palupalu a me ka ʻili (panaritium, abscesses, nā hōʻeha nā maʻi, nā ʻōpū), a me ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (abscess a me peritonitis),
• ʻO nā maʻi lēpaʻi o ka papa huhū o luna a me nā kino ENT (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media a me ka tonsillitis), ʻōpū ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka ea (pley empyema, piononia aspirani, bronchitis a me ka ʻauʻau i ka pūpū), diphtheria, scarlet fever,
• Endocarditis o ke ʻano maʻi bakteria,
• Osteomyelitis i ka maʻi kūlohelohe a i ʻole
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi o nā kino o nā ʻōnaehana urogenital (tubo-ovarian i nā hanana pālahalaha, endometritis, chlamydia, maʻi maʻi infinalious),
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi e hele pū ana me kahi kaʻina a me ke kumu a nā maʻi microorganism i nā maʻi neʻe e pili ana i ka clindamycin antibiotic.

Ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana

ʻO nā capsules no ka hoʻokele waha. Kuhi pinepine ʻia e lawe i kahi maʻa o 150 mg me kahi 6 o 8 a 8 mau hola. Inā hele ka mea maʻi i kahi maʻi ʻeha nui, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui ma ka 300 a i ka 450 mg paha. Ke kuhikuhi nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā keiki o hoʻokahi makahiki o ka makahiki, alakaʻi ʻia lākou e ka helu ʻana o 8 a 25 mg mau paona no ka paona o ke kino. I loko o ka lā e pono ai he 3 a i ʻole he 4 nui paha.

Ke keu

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka lāʻau i loko o kahi inea iʻoi aku ma mua o ka therapeutic norm, eʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.

Ma kahi o kahi overdose, lawe ʻia ka hana mālama i ke kāohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona. Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka pono ʻole o kēia lāʻau i ka antidote, a me ʻole ka hopena o ka dialysis a me ka hemodialysis.

Hoʻohui nūhou

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono pālua e pili ana i ka gentamicin, streptomycin, aminoglycosides a me rifampicin me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i ka hopena o nā lāʻau i luna a me clindamycin.

I ka manawa me nā mea hoʻokalakupua kūlohelohe hikiwawe, hōʻoluʻoluʻeha o ka naʻau, ka mea a nā anticholinergics i hoʻonui ʻia.

ʻAʻole hiki ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau Clindamycin me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka magnesium sulfate, aminophylline, ampicillin, calcium gluconate a me barbiturates.

Hōʻike ʻia ka antagonism e pili ana i ka chloramphenicol a me ka erythromycin.

ʻAʻole kōkua ke hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hui pū ai me nā lāʻau like e like me ka phenytoin, nā mea paʻakikī vitamin B, aminoglycosides.

Me ka hoʻohana pākuʻi ʻana i nā lāʻau antidiarrheal, hoʻonui nui ʻia ka colitis pseudo-membranous.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka analgesotic ncotic (opioid) e hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o ka hanu (ma mua o ka apnea).

Nā hopena hopena

Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā hopena hōʻino i lalo:

• Pūnaehana Cardiovascular: ʻeha, palupalu i ka nāwaliwali,
• Hematopoietic mea ola: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis,
• Pūnaehana digestive: dysbiosis, hana ate aho ʻole, esophagitis, enterocolitis pseudomembranous, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka bilirubin, jaundice, dyspeptic pilikia,
• Nā hōʻike hoʻohālikelike: eosinophilia, urticaria, anaphylactoid manifestations, dermatitis, pruritus, ʻōpala,
• ʻŌnaehana musculoskeletal: kahi hoʻololi i ke kaʻe ʻana o ka neuromuscular,
• Nā mea'ē aʻe: superinfection.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻAʻole pono ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kēia mau kūlana:

• Hoʻopili kiʻekiʻe loa i kekahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau,
• Hoʻokaumana
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi heʻeha pilikia,
• ʻO Asthma he bronchial,
• ʻAʻole'ōpiopio ma mua o 3 mau makahiki (ʻo ke kaumaha o ke kino o ke keiki ʻaʻole pono ma lalo o 25 kg),
• ʻO ka wā hāpai
• ʻO nā kuʻi i mua o ka ulia
• Mina Myasthenia gravis

Pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka wā i kuhikuhi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi, a me ka hei ʻana i ka māka a me ka palaualelo.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Hiki i ke colitis Pseudomembranous ke kūmole i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana a ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hopena. Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena ʻaoʻao ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, ka maʻi leukocytosis, ka maʻi a me ka ʻeha i loko o ka ʻōpū (ma nā hanana ka hopena, loaʻa i nā feces ka mucus a me ke koko).

I kēlā kūlana, ua lawa ia e hoʻopau i ka lāʻau a hoʻopaʻa i nā resins ion-exchange i loko o ke ʻano o colestipol a me colestyramine. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o kēia maʻi, pono ia e hoʻopiʻi i ka pohō o ka wai, nā protein a me nā electrolytes a koho i ka metronidazole a me nā vancomycin.

I ka wā o ka mālamaʻana, ua contraindicated e kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka palekana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau ʻo Clindamycin i nā pediatrics, ʻaʻole i paʻa i ka holo ʻana, no laila, me ka mālama lōʻihi ʻana i nā keiki, pono ka ʻike o ke koko a me ka hana maʻa o ke kō.

Ke lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka palena kiʻekiʻe, pono ʻoe e kaohi i ka nui o clindamycin i ke koko.

ʻO ka poʻe maʻi e hōʻeha nei i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka naʻau maʻa pono e nānā i ka hana o ka ate.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

Loaʻa ka Clindamycin i loko o kēia ʻano:

• ʻO ka pahu ʻaila 2% - mai ke keʻokeʻo me kahi keke a i ʻole ka melemele i ke keʻokeʻo, me ka mea ʻala mānoino nāwaliwali (20 g a 40 g i nā ʻāpana alumini, 1 kūpaʻa kēlā me kēia me kahi mea noiʻi).
• Kapula nā gelatin - me kahi kao ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula, ka nui No. 1, nā kiko o nā capsules he paule mai ka melemele-keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo i ke kala (8 mau p. In blisters, 2 blisters in packboard packs, 6 pcs. In blisters, 2 in each, 5 a 10 mau laha ma nā kāleka kāleka),
• ʻO ka hopena no ka inikini (intravenous a me intramuscular injection) - ka palahalaha, ka melemele a i ʻole ka waihoʻoluʻu (2 ml ma nā ʻaulima, 5 mau ʻōpala ma nā palaka, 2 mau pā i nā pahu pepa.

ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o 100 g o kaʻaila vaginal e loaʻa i:

• Mea waiwai koʻikoʻi: clindamycin (ma ke ʻano o ka phosphate) - 2 g,
• ʻO nā mea kōkua: sodium benzoate, macrogol-1500 (polyethylene oxide-1500), kaila castor, emulsifier No. 1, propylene glycol.

Aia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka 1 mau pale:

• Mea waiwai koʻikoʻi: clindamycin (ma ke ʻano o ka hydrochloride) - 0.15 g,
• ʻO nā mea kōkua: ʻai kō, nā talc, ke aniani o ka lactose, ka paʻakai magnesium,
• ʻO ka mana o ka uhi o ka capsule: ka ʻeleʻele kūlohelohe (E151), ka titanium dioxide (E171), ka ʻula azorubine (E122), ka lau melemele quinoline (E104), ka ponce dye Ponceau 4R (E124), ka gelatin.
• ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ke kino capsule: ʻeleʻele kūlohelohe ʻeleʻele (E151), ka anuʻu azorubine (E122), gelatin.

ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o 1 ml o ka hoʻonā ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaina:

• Mea waiwai koʻikoʻi: clindamycin (ma ke ʻano o ka phosphate) - 0.15 g,
• Nā mea kōkua: edetate disodium, benzyl ka wai, wai no ka injection.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

No nā maʻi o ka hōʻemi ʻehaʻelemakule no nā pākeke a me nā keiki mai nā makahiki 15 (ke kaupaona ʻana he 50 kg a ʻoi paha), ua kauoha ʻia ʻo Clindamycin ma mua o 1 capsule (150 mg) 4 mau lā i ka lā ma nā manawa maʻamau. I nā maʻi hōʻeha, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kahi pā hoʻokahi ma o 2-3 mau manawa.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia nā keiki ʻōpio:

• 8-12 mau makahiki (kaupaona - 25-40 kg): maʻi nui - 4 mau manawa i ka lā, 1 mau kāpeka, ka nui o ka lā - 600 mg,
• 12-15 mau makahiki (kaupaona - 40-50 kg): ʻo ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi he 3 mau lā i ka lā no ka 1 capsule, ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi he 3 mau lā i hoʻokahi lā no 2 mau kapsul, ʻoi loa ma kēlā me kēia lā he 900 mg.

ʻO ka dosis ʻōpiopio i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻokele intramuscular a me intravenous ʻo 300 mg 2 mau manawa i ka lā. I ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi hōʻeha, ʻo 1.2-2.7 g i kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, māhele ʻia i nā 3-4 inikini. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia ka hoʻokele Intramuscular o hoʻokahi pākēneka ma mua o 600 mg. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa no ka hoʻokele intravenous ka 1,2 g no ka 1 hola.

No nā keiki mai 3 mau makahiki o Clindamycin, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ma kahi o ka 15-25 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā lawelawe like 3-4. I ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi ʻino, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka lā i ka 25-40 mg / kg me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

I nā mea maʻi me ka renal koʻikoʻi a me / ole hemahema, i nā hihia o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau me ka manawa o ka liʻiliʻi o 8 mau hola, ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻia.

No ka hoʻokō intravenous, pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka clindamycin i ka neʻe ʻana ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 6 mg / ml. Hoʻonālikelike ʻia kēia mea hoʻonā i loko o nā minuke 10-60.

ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻonāukiuki.

Ma ke kala ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻonā: 0.9% sodium chloride a me 5% dextrose. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana a me ka lōʻihi o ka infusion e like me ka hoʻolālā (ka nui o ka helu / ka nui o ka hoʻonāukiuki / lōʻihi o ka infusion):

• 300 mg / 50 ml / 10 mau minuke
• 600 mg / 100 ml / 20 mau minuke
• 900 mg / 150 ml / 30 mau minuke
• 1200 mg / 200 ml / 45 mau minuke.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻaihue ʻaʻuhū intravaginally. Hoʻokomo pākahi pākahi - hoʻokahi mea lawelawe piha piha (5 g), maikaʻi ma mua o ka hiamoe. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka hoʻohanaʻana he 3-7 mau lā i kēlā me kēia lā.