Finlepsin 400 Retard Carbamazepine

ʻO ka Epilepsy (ke kāpae ʻana i nā abscesses, myoclonic a lethargic seizures) - nā māhele wahi me nā hōʻuluʻulu a me nā maʻi maʻalahi, nā paʻakui a mua a me ka huluhulu i nā kuʻuna tonic-clonic, nā kuikui i hui ʻia (monotherapy a i hui pū me nā anticonvulsants).

Nā kūlana manic ka huehue (monotherapy a hui pū me Li + a me nā mea kanu antipsychotic). ʻO nā maʻi e pili ana i ka phase-kahe (me ka bipolar) pale i nā exacerbations, nāwaliwali o nā hōʻike lapaʻau i ka wā o ka exacerbation.

Hōʻalo ka waihue Alkohol (hopohopo, hoʻomālamalama, hyper excitability, hoʻomoe i ka hiamoe).

ʻO ka neuropathy Diabetic me ka ʻeha.

Diipipidus diabetes. ʻO Polyuria a me polydipsia o ke ʻano neurohormonal.

Hiki nō ke noi (hiki i nā hōʻailona ke pili i ke ʻike loiloi, ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻokele i mālama ʻia):

- me nā maʻi psychotic (me nā mea hoʻopiʻi a me nā maʻi schizoaffective, psychoses, panic disorder, kūlia i ka mālama ʻana i ka schizophrenia, hana ʻole o ka lawelawe limbic)

- me ka hana ʻino o nā mea maʻi me ka hōʻeha o ka lolo kino, ke kaumaha, ka chorea,

- i ka hihia o ka hopohopo, dysphoria, somatization, tinnitus, senile dementia, Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral luku ʻo ka kompleka amygdala), maʻi hanaʻipiʻi-koi, hoʻihoʻi i ka benzodiazepine, cocaine,

- me ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻeha o ka neʻe ʻana mai ka maʻi nehola: me ka hoʻopulapula neʻe, he sclerosis maha, neuritis idiopathic akene (Guillain-Barré syndrome), polyneuropathy maʻi, ʻeha nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū ʻeha (Ekboma syndrome), spasm hemifacial, neuropathy post-traumatic a me neuralgia ,

- no ka migraine prophylaxis.

Pākuʻi helu

Hoʻouna ʻia nā papa hoʻokuʻu, 200 mg a i ʻole 400 mg

mea waiwai - karamazepine 200 mg a i 400 mg,

nā mea hoʻohālikelike: eudragit RS 30D-ammonium methacrylate copolymer (type B) ka wā i hoʻōla, triacetin (glycerol triacetate), talc, eudragit L 30D-55 methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate copolymer (1: 1) ka hoʻowalewale 30%, crospovidone, anhydrous silicon colloidal anhydrous, cellulose microcrystalline.

ʻEleʻele a melemele paha nā papa ʻula, hoʻopuni, ma ke ʻano o ka lau ʻulaʻi me nā kuhi beveled, me kahi pālahalaha, me nā laina hewa kīwī ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a he 4 mau ʻoki ma ka ʻaoʻao.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻO ka hypersensitivity o ka caramazepine a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu like (me ka lālani, tricyclic antidepressants) a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻokoʻa'ē aʻe o ka lāʻau, ka hōʻeha o ka hematopoiesis kumulima o nā iwi (anemia, leukopenia), penikala intermittent kaomi (me ka mōʻaukala o), AV block, a i ʻole lawe ʻana i ka MAO.C inhibitors me ke akahele. Hōʻea ka decompensated puʻu, hoʻohuihui hyponatremia (ADH hypersecretion syndrome, hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency), hoʻonaninani ka hopena (hoʻonaninani ʻia ka CNS, hoʻonui ʻia ka momonaamaama) a me ka pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka hematopoiesis, , ka hyperplasia prostatic, hoʻonui i ke koʻikoʻi intraocular.

Pehea e hoʻohana ai: dosis a me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana

I loko, e pili ʻole i ka papaʻaina me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka papa ʻaila (ʻo kahi ʻāpana āpau a ʻole hapa paha) e hoʻopau holoʻokoʻa a pau, me ka ʻole o ka huki ʻana, me ka wai liʻiliʻi, 2 mau manawa i ka lā.I kekahi mau mea maʻi, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā papa retard, pono paha e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka lāʻau.

Epilepia I nā hihia kahi e pono ai, pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻauamaama me ka monotherapy. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻolālā ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia lā, kahi e hoʻonui mālie a hiki i ka hopena maikaʻi loa.

ʻO ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka carbamazepine i kahi hoʻomehana antiepileptic e hana pono ʻia, e neʻeneʻe iki, aʻo nā ʻano o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i loli ʻole a i ʻole, inā pono, e hoʻoponopono ʻia.

No nā poʻeʻelemakule, ʻo ka hapa mua he 100-200 mg 1-2 mau manawa i ka lā. A laila e hoʻonui mālie ka nui o ka hopena a hiki i ka hopena therapeutic kūpono loa (ʻo ka maʻamau 400 mg 2-3 mau manawa i ka lā, ʻoi loa ka 1.6-2 g / lā).

ʻO nā keiki mai 4 mau makahiki - ma kahi ma mua o ka 20-60 mg / lā, e hoʻonui mālie ana ma ka 20-60 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. I nā keiki i ʻoi aku o 4 mau makahiki - ma ke kaha mua o 100 mg / lā, e hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka nui o kēlā me kēia pule, i kēlā me kēia pule e 100 mg. Kākoʻo kākoʻo: 10-20 mg / kg i kēlā me kēia lā (i nā helu he hoʻokahi): no 4-5 mau makahiki - 200-400 mg (i 1-2 mau kala), 6-10 mau makahiki - 400-600 mg (i nā 2-3 mau doses. ), no 11-15 mau makahiki - 600-1000 mg (ma nā 2-3 kūhā.

Me ka neuralgia trigeminal, 200-400 mg / lā i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka lā mua, hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka nui o ka 200 mg / lā a hiki i ka ʻeha ʻana o ka ʻeha (ma ka palena 400-800 mg / lā), a laila hoʻēmi ʻia i ka hopena liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa. Ma ka ʻeha o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana mai ka hana, ʻo ka hoʻomaka o ka mea mua he 100 mg 2 mau manawa i ka lā ma ka lā mua, a laila e hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano ma mua o 200 mg / lā, inā pono, hoʻonui ʻia e 100 mg kēlā me kēia mau hola 12 a hiki i ka hōʻeha ʻia o ka ʻeha. ʻO ka dosis mālama mālama he 200-1200 mg / lā i kekahi mau koina.

I ka mālamaʻana i nā mea maʻi a me nā poʻe maʻi me ka hypersensitivity, ʻo ka hoʻomaka mua lāʻau he 100 mg 2 mau manawa i ka lā.

ʻO ka maʻi hōʻemi'ōmaʻomaʻi waiʻona: ʻo ka nui o ka maʻa ma kahi o 200 mg 3 mau manawa i ka lā, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, i ka manawa o nā lā mua, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka hopena i 400 mg 3 mau manawa i ka lā. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana no nā maʻi hoʻoneʻe koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ia e kuhikuhi i ka hui pū me nā mea hana sedative-hypnotic (clomethiazole, chlordiazepoxide).

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi insipidus: ʻo ka awelika o ka awelika he 200 mg 2-3 mau manawa i ka lā. I nā keiki, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ke ʻano e like me ka makahiki a me ke kaumaha o ke keiki.

ʻO ka neuropathy Diabetic, hele pū me ka ʻeha: ʻo ka nui ma ka awelika he 200 mg 2-4 mau manawa i ka lā.

I ka pale ʻana o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā maʻi a me nā skizoaffective psychoses - 600 mg / lā ma 3-4 mau inapo.

I nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me kahi pilikia (bipolar), i kēlā me kēia lā he 400-1600 mg. ʻO ka awelika o kēlā me kēia lā he 400-600 mg (ma nā 2-3 mau kakana). I kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi manic, hoʻonui wikiwiki ka nui i loko, me ka mālama mālama ʻana i nā maʻi i hoʻopilikia ʻia - e hoʻolōʻihi (e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ahonui).

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka lāʻau antiepileptic (terbenzazepine derivative), aia nō ia kahi normotymic, antimaniacal, antidiuretic (i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi insipidus maʻi) a me nā analgesic (i nā mea maʻi me ka neuralgia).

Hoʻopili nā ka hana o ka hana me ka blockade o nā kahe hele i ʻike ʻia e nā kaila, kahi e hoʻokau ai i ka membrane ʻo neuron, ka pale ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o nā kaila o nā neurons a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka lawe ʻana i nā synaptic o nā impulses. Māhele i ka hana hou ʻana o nā pahuhopu hana holoʻokoʻa o Na + -d hilinaʻi i nā neurons depolarized. Hoʻēmi i ka hoʻokuʻu i ka hoihoi o ka neurotransmitter amino acid glutamate, hoʻonui i ka paila neizure paikiki, a pēlā aku. ho'ēmi i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hopu epileptic. Hoʻonui ʻo ia i ka conductivity no K +, hoʻololi i nā kaila ca2-gated Ca2 + e hiki ai i nā hopena anticonvulsant o ka lāʻau.

Ke hoʻoponopono nei i nā loli epileptic ʻano a hoʻohuli i ka pilina o nā mea maʻi, ua kōkua i kā lākou hoʻoponopono hou ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi nui a hui pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau anticonvulsant.

Ka hana kūpono ma ka pīhoihoi (partial) (maʻalahi a paʻakikī), i ʻole a i ʻole hele pū ʻia me ka generalization o ke kuamoʻo, i ka hoʻomohukui a ka epileptic epiceptic tonic, a me ka hoʻohui pū ʻana i kēia mau ʻano (ma ka maʻamau ʻole i loko o nā kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi - petit mal, hana ʻole a me nā mākio myoclonic) . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO ka maʻi me ka epilepsy (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio) he hopena kūpono i nā hōʻailona o ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha, a me ka kaohiʻana o ka huhū a me ka uluʻana. ʻO ka hopena ma ka hana cognitive a me ka hana psychomotor hana ʻelua-hilinaʻi a nui ka ʻano.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena anticonvulsant mai nā hola he nui i kekahi mau lā (i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka 1 mahina ma muli o ka auto-induction o ka metabolism).

Me ka neuralgia kumuʻōlelo a koʻikoʻi, i ka hapanui ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei i nā ʻano o nā ʻeha hōʻeha o ka hōʻeha ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻo ia no ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka mamae neurogenic ma ka maloʻo o ke kaula spinal, paresthesias post-traumatic a me postherpetic neuralgia. Nā mea nawaliwali o ka ʻeha me ka neuralgia trigeminal i ʻike ʻia ma hope o 8-72 hola.

I ka hihia o ka ʻohi o ka waiʻona, hoʻonui ʻia ka paepae no ka mākaukau paʻa (a me ke ʻano neʻe i kēia maʻa)

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi insipidus maʻi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke ʻo ia no ka pae ʻana o ka wai, e hoʻemi ana i ka diuresis a me ka makewai.

Hoʻopilikia ka hana Antipsychotic (antimaniacal) ma hope o 7-10 lā, hiki ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka metabolism o ka dopamine a me norepinephrine.

Hoʻopau ka palapala hopena lōʻihi e mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka pumehana o ka pumehana o ka carbamazepine i loko o ke koko me ka "peaks" a me "dips", e ʻae ai e hōʻemi i ka pinepine a me ka paʻakikī o nā hopena hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi, e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o ka ʻoihana inā hiki ke hoʻohana pono i nā dosis haʻahaʻa. Kauka. he pono nui paha o ka palapala i lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka hiki ke lawe i ka manawa 1-2 i ka lā.

Nā hopena hopena

I ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻike pinepine ʻana o nā ʻano ʻino, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kekelē e pili ana i kēia: mau pinepine - 10% a ʻoi pinepine ʻia, pinepine pinepine ʻia ka 1-10%, i kekahi manawa 0.1-1%, loaʻa pinepine iā 0.01-0.1%, loaʻa pinepine ʻole ʻo,01%.

ʻO ka hana mau i ke kuhi piliʻole he mau nalo i loko o kekahi mau lā, ʻelua a kūwaho a ma hope o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka manawa o ka hopena o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hopena ʻino loa mai ka pūnao o ka nūnaehana pololi ma muli o ka overdose pili o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka lahilahi nui i ka ʻaʻina o ka mea hana i ka plasma. I ia mau hihia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nānā i ka ʻike ʻana o nā lāʻau i ka pulu.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaehana nūhou: mau pinepine - dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness, asthenia, pinepine - ʻiwi, paresis o ka noho ʻana, i kekahi manawa - he mau ʻano e hele ʻole ana (maʻamau, ʻano nui, "fluttering" tremor - asterixis, dystonia, tics), nystagmus, jarang - orofacial dyskinesia , nā maʻi oculomotor, nā hana ʻōlelo (no ka mea, dysarthria), nā maʻi choreoathetoid, nā maʻi peripheral, paresthesias, myasthenia gravis a me nā hōʻailona paresis. ʻO ka hana o ka carbamazepine ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻokau a hāpai paha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi antipsychotic malignant, ka mea, inā i kuhikuhi pū ʻia me nā antipsychotics, e noho mau ʻole.

Mai ka papa noʻonoʻo: loaʻa ʻole - ka maʻi hoʻokele (ʻike a auditory), ke kaumaha, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka makemake, ka hopohopo, ke ʻano hoʻomāinoino, ka hoʻomākeʻaka, ʻinipiki, ʻaʻole ʻano - hana i ka psychosis.

Heʻano alerine: pinepine - ka urticaria, i kekahi manawa - erythroderma, i ka hanana - like me ka lupus-like syndrome, ka ʻeha o ka ʻili, ʻoi loa ke ʻano - e like me ka maʻi lālani (e pili ana i ka maʻi o Stevens-Johnson), ka necrolysis epidermal huʻala (ʻelllelo o Lyell), photosensitivity.

Kekahi, ʻano hāmeʻa lohi-ʻano pāʻālua ʻaʻai me ka maʻi ʻana, ka ʻūhū ʻili, ka vasculitis (me ka erythema nodosum he hōʻailona o ka vasculitis), nā lymphadenopathy, nā hōʻailona e like me ka lymphoma, arthralgia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, nā akaalohala erythema a he hōʻailona no ka vasculitis) loaʻa i nā hui like ʻole). Pili paha, etc.nā hui (e.g. lungs, hina, pancreas, myocardium, colon). Kēia luhi loa - nā meningitis aseptic me ka myoclonus a me ka eosinophilia peripheral, ka hopena anaphylactoid, angioedema, pneumonitis allergic a i ʻole poseios eosinophilic. Inā hele mai nā hopena kūlohelohe o luna, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻohana o ka lāʻau.

Hematopoietic o nā hanana: pinepine loa - leukopenia, pinepine - thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, jarang - leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, kakī ka waikawa folic, aneane loa - agranulocytosis, anemia aplastic, aplasia erythrocytic maoli, megaloblastic anemia, hoʻonaninika kūlohelohe. anemia

Mai ka papa hana ʻana: pinepine pinepine - kaila, ka luaʻi, pinepine - ka mālo maloʻo, i kekahi manawa - ʻo ke ʻano a i ʻole ka constipation, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ʻeha loa - glossitis, stomatitis, pancreatitis.

Ma ka ʻāpana o ka ate: ka manawa pinepine - ka nui o ka hana o GGT (ma muli o ka hoʻoili ʻana o kēia enzyme i loko o ka ate), ʻaʻole ia he mea nui loa, he pinepine - ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o ka phosphatase alkaline, i kekahi manawa - he hoʻonui i ka hana o "transaminases", hema - hepatitis o cholestatic, parenchymal (hepatocellular) a i ʻole ʻano hui, jaundice, luhi loa - granulomatous hepatitis, nāwaliwali kōpaʻa.

Mai i ka CCC: luhi - nā pilikia hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai, hōʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ke kahe koko, ʻokoʻa loa - bradycardia, arrhythmias, AV poloka me nā kūlana palupalu, hāʻule, hōʻemi a hoʻomohala paha i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, hōʻoluʻolu o ka maʻi ʻeha coronary (e komo pū ana a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka angina). ʻO ka maʻi thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic syndrome.

Mai ka ʻoihana endocrine a me ka metabolism: pinepine - edema, kaohi ʻana o ka wai, hōʻemi ke kaupaona, hyponatremia (hoʻoliʻi ka osmolarity plasma ma muli o kahi hopena e like me ADH, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi e alakaʻi i ka dilon hyponatremia, i hele pū me ka lethargy, ka luaʻi, ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha. a me nā pilikia neʻe), ākea loa - hyperprolactinemia (hiki pū me galactorrhea a me ka gynecomastia), kahi hōʻemi i ka ʻike o L-thyroxine (free T4, T4, T3) a me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ke kaomi o TSH (maʻamau ʻaʻole hele pū me ia. nā hōʻike o ke kulekele), ka hopena o ka calcium-phosphorus metabolism ma ka ʻōpū o ka iwi (i hōʻemi i ka plasma Ca2 + a me 25-OH-colecalciferol): osteomalacia, hypercholesterolemia (e komo pū me HDL cholesterol) a me hypertriglyceridemia.

Mai ka pūnaehana genitourinary: loa loa - neʻone interstitial nephritis, renal gagal, impalired renal function (e.g. albuminuria, hematuria, oliguria, hoʻonui urea / azotemia), hoʻonui urination, urinary retention, emi potency.

Mai ka ʻōnaehana musculoskeletal: loa loa - arthralgia, myalgia a i ʻole nā ​​mākau.

Mai nā papa kuʻuna: paʻakikī loa - nā pilikia i ka ʻono, ke uhi ʻana o ka manamana, conjunctivitis, nā hewa hoʻomaikaʻi, a me nā hua tinnitus, hyperacusis, hypoacusia, hoʻololi i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka pitch.

ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe: nā pilikia o ka pigmentation o ke kino, purpura, 'ōnui, hoʻonui nui, alopecia. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hihia hoʻolimalima o ka hirsutism, akā ʻaʻole i maopopo ka pilina pili o kēia hoʻopiʻi me ka hoʻokele carbamazepine. Nā hōʻailona: maʻamau e hōʻike i nā pilikia o ke kikowaena o ke kikowaena kūwaho, CVS, a me ka papa huhū.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaehana neʻe waena a me nā ʻōpū sensory - hoʻoweliweli o ka ʻōnaehana ma waena o ka uka, disorient, drowsiness, agitation, hallucinations, nāwaliwali, coma, nā kuʻuna lele, "fog" ma mua o nā maka), dysarthria, nystagmus, ataxia, dyskinesia, hyperreflexia (ma mua), hyporeflexia (ma mua) ), nā mea hoʻopiʻi, nā maʻi psychomotor, myoclonus, hypothermia, mydriasis).

Mai CCC: tachycardia, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko, i kekahi manawa i hoʻonui ʻia ke koko, pilikia i ka lawe ʻana i ka intraventricular me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka paʻakikī QRS, hopu hopu.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōnaehana hanu: ka naʻau hanu, ke edema pulmonary.

Mai ka papa hana o ka hanu: nalo a me ka wailua, kaohi ʻana i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka meaʻai mai ka ʻōpū, hoʻemi ʻia ka neʻe o ka pua.

Mai ka urinary system: mālama i ka urinary, oliguria a i ʻole anuria, mālama kahe, ka hoʻoneʻe hyponatremia.

Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona: leukocytosis a leukopenia, hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia a me glucosuria, he hoʻonui i ka hapa o ka naʻau o KFK.

Ka hopena: ʻaʻohe mea antidote kikoʻī. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana lapaʻau ma ke ʻano maʻi o ka mea maʻi, ka hipa, ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ke kaila o ka carbamazepine i loko o ka plasma (e hōʻoia i ka makeʻe ʻana me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau a nānā i ke ʻano o ka overdose), lavage gastric, ke kau ʻana o ka ulia i hoʻāla ʻia (ka hala mua o ka maʻi o ka ʻōpū ma ke ʻano hemo ʻana o 2 a 3 mau lā a reapply) ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻohālikelike i ka wā o ka hoʻihoʻi).

ʻO ka pakanā ikaika, hemodialysis, a me nā dialy peritoneal he maikaʻi ʻole (hōʻike ʻia ka dialysis me ka hui pū ʻana o nā meaʻawaʻawa a me nā pilikia ʻole). Pono paha nā keiki ʻōpio i ke kahe koko. ʻO ke kākoʻo kākoʻo Symptomatic i ka waihona mālama mālama kino, ka nānā ʻana o nā hana naʻau, ke kūloko o ke kino, reflexes corneal, ʻeha a me ka hana o ka pale, hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia o ka electrolyte. Me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke koko: he wahi me ka poʻo i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ke kumu, i hoʻohuli ʻia ka plasma, me ka hana ʻole - iv dopamine a i ʻole dobutamine, me ka piʻoloke o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai - ua wae ʻia ka mālama kūʻokoʻa, me nā manaʻo paʻa - ke kau ʻana o nā benzodiazepines (e.g. diazepam), me ka makaʻala (ma muli o ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka minamina. ʻālaʻi) ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, ka phenobarbital). Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka dilon hyponatremia (inu wai i loko o ka wai) - ka palena o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻoluliluli i ka infusion intravenous o ka hopena 0.9% NaCl (hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka edema cerebral). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hemosorption ma nā sorbents carbon.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Hoʻomaka ka Monotherapy o ka epilepsy i ke koho ʻana i nā dosis liʻiliʻi, hoʻonui ʻia iā lākou e hoʻokō i ka hopena therapeutic makemake.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻoholo i ke kao ʻana i loko o ka plasma e koho ai i ka momona kūpono, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka hui pū ʻana.

Ke hoʻihoʻi nei i ka mea maʻi i ka carbamazepine, pono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki ka nui o ka lāʻau antiepileptic i kuhikuhi mua ʻia a kau wale ia.

Hiki i ka hoʻopoʻaka koke ʻana i nā waiwai o ka carbamazepine e hiki ke hoʻowalewale i ka makehewa epileptic. Inā pono e hoʻokuʻi koke i ka hoʻōla, pono e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea maʻi i nā lāʻau antiepileptic ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ka uhi o ka hoʻomākaukau e hōʻike ʻia i kēlā mau hihia (no ka laʻana, ka lawelawe ʻo diazepam i ka intravenously a pololei hoʻi, i ka lawelawe ʻana o ka phenytoin iv).

Nui nā hanana i ka hoʻomau, ke nānā ʻana a me / a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mea ʻai, nā koi a me / a i ʻole ka hanu i ka hānau hou ʻana i lawe mai nā makuahine i ka carbamazepine e hui pū me nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe (ʻo kēia mau mana e hōʻike i ka "haʻalele" i ka maʻi hou i ka poʻe hānau hou).

Ma mua o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka carbamazepine a i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, pono ia e aʻo i nā hana o ka ate, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā poʻe maʻi e loaʻa nei i ka moʻolelo o ka maʻi o ka puʻuwai, a me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. I ka mea o ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā pehu ʻōpū o nā maʻi a i ka wā e kū mai ai ka maʻi hōʻola ikaika, pono e hoʻokuʻu koke ʻia ka lāʻau. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, pono nō hoʻi e hana i ke aʻo ʻana i ke kiʻi o ke koko (me ka helu o ke platelet, ka helu reticulocyte), ke ʻano serum Fe, urinalysis, ka urea ʻaʻai koko, EEG, hoʻoholo paʻa o ke ʻano serum electrolyte (a me ka wā maʻamau i ka wā mālama, no ka mea. hiki i ka uluʻana o ka hyponatremia). Ma hope iho, pono e nānāʻia kēia mau hōʻailona i ka malama mua o ka mālama ʻana i ka hebedoma, a laila ʻoi aku ka mahina.

Pono loa e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka Carbamazepine inā kūleʻa a i ʻole nā ​​hopena a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi i manaʻo ʻia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson a i ʻole ka mākaʻi o Lyell. ʻO ka hoʻonaninani a nā ʻili kino (i ʻole macular a maculopapular exanthema) e nalowale i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole hebedoma paha me ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana ma hope o ka emi ʻana o ka hopena (e ʻike pono ʻia ka mea maʻi e ke kauka i kēia manawa).

ʻO ka Carbamazepine kahi hana anticholinergic nāwaliwali, i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā mea maʻi me ka piʻi o ka intraocular koʻikoʻi, pono kāna mālama paʻa ʻana.

ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōpū e nānā pono ai, e noʻonoʻo pono ai i nā mea maʻi, a i nā mea maʻi maʻi, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka haki.

I kēia manawa, aia nā hōʻike kūʻokoʻa o ka male male male poepoe a me / a i ʻole nā ​​mea nānā spermatogenesis (ʻaʻole i hoʻokū ʻia ka pilina o kēia mau hōʻeha me nā carbamazepine).

Aia nā hōʻike o ke koko i waena o nā kāne ma waena o ke kāne neʻe i nā hihia i hoʻohana ʻia ai nā contraceptive waha. Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hoʻopilikia i ka hilinaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha a, no laila he mau wahine o ka hānau ʻana e hoʻohana i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe o ka pale ʻana i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.

Hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo Carbamazepine ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi maʻi.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka poʻe maʻi e pili ana i nā hōʻailona o nā mea i hiki ke loaʻa i ka abnormalities hematologic, a me nā hōʻailona nō hoʻi mai ka ʻili a me ka ate. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka pono e nīnau koke i ke kauka inā he mauʻano kūpono ʻole e like me ka maʻi, ka ʻehaʻeha, ka ʻūhā, ka ʻōpala o ka mucosa waha, ke kumu o ka palu, ka ʻūhā ʻana i ka petechiae a i ʻole purpura.

I ka hapa nui, ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa palaki a mau loa paha i ka platelet a / a i ʻole he helu koko kelepa keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole ia he harbinger o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka anemia aplastic a i agranulocytosis. Eia nō naʻe, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻōla, a me ka manawa i ka wā mālama ʻana, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻike koko, me ka helu ʻana i ka helu o nā platelets a hiki paha nā reticulocytes, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka paʻa ʻana o Fe ma ka maʻi koko.

ʻAʻole pono ka holomua asymptomatic leukopenia o ka haʻalele ʻana, eia naʻe, pono ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano inā loaʻa ka leukopenia holomua a leukopenia holomua, i hele pū ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi o kahi maʻi maʻi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, e noʻonoʻo ʻia e hoʻokō i kahi hoʻokolokolo ophthalmological, me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka waihona kālā me ka kukui o ke aena a me ke ana paha o ka paʻu intraocular inā pono. I ka hihia o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi me ka piʻi ʻana o ka intraocular i hoʻonui ʻia, koi ʻia ka nānā ʻana i kēia mākaʻina.

A ʻoi ʻia e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ethanol.

Hiki i ka lāʻau i ke kiʻi lōʻihi ke kiʻi i hoʻokahi manawa, i ka pō. Pono ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻai i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i nā papa ʻōiwi he ʻokoʻa loa.

ʻOiai ka pilina ma waena o ka hopena o ka carbamazepine, ʻoi ka ʻohi a me ka hoʻonaninani a kūleʻa ʻana i ke ʻano he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia, akā naʻe, no ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana o ka carbamazepine i loko o kēia mau kūlana: me ka piʻi nui o ka piʻi ʻana o nā hōʻeha ʻana, i ka ʻike e pili ana ke lawe ʻana ka mea maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i ka wā i ka wā hāpai, i ka mālamaʻana i nā keiki a i nā wā'ōpiopio, me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka malabsorption o ka lākaʻi, me ka hoʻomohala ʻia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi hika inā ua lawe ʻia ka mea maʻi maet mau ai '.

I nā wahine o ka wā hānau, pono ke hoʻohana ʻia ka carbamazepine i ka monotherapy i kēlā me kēia manawa (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palena kūpono loa) - ʻo ka nui o nā anomalies congenital i loko o nā pēpē i hānau ʻia i nā wahine i hana ʻia ka antiepileptic hui ʻia ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mau lāʻau me ka monotherapy.

Ke kū ʻia ka wā hānau (i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai i ke koho ʻana iā carbamazepine i ka wā hāpai), pono e hoʻohālikelike pono i nā mea e pono ai o ka hāpai ʻana a me nā hōʻeha kūpono, ʻoi aʻe hoʻi i nā 3 mau mahina o ka hānau ʻana. Ua ʻike ʻia nā keiki i hānau ʻia a nā makuahine e loaʻa ana i ka epilepsy i hoʻomaka ʻia i loko o nā hana hoʻomohala intrauterine, me ka hōʻino pū kekahi. Hiki i nā Carbamazepine, e like me nā lāʻau āpau antiepileptic, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o kēia mau pilikia. Aia nā hōʻike kūʻokoʻa i nā hihia o nā maʻi a me nā malformations, e komo me ka pani ʻole ʻana o nā araka vertebral (spina bifida). Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā mea maʻi me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻonui aʻe i ka hopena o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ka hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka maʻi antenatal.

Hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau antiepileptic i ka nele o ka folic acid, i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka wā hāpai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka ulu ʻana o ka hānau hānau ʻana i nā keiki (ma mua a i ka wā hāpai, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka supplementation folic acid). I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kahe i nā mea hānau hou, ua ʻōlelo ʻia i nā wahine i nā hebedoma hope o ka wā hāpai, me nā pēpē hou, e ʻōlelo ʻia i ka vitamina K1.

Hōʻalo ʻia ka Carbamazepine i ka waiū umauma; ʻo nā pono a me nā hopena i makemake ʻole ʻia e like me nā hopena o ka umauma pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻomau ʻia o ka lāʻau. Hiki i nā makuahine ke lawe i ka carbamazepine e hānai i kā lākou mau keiki, ʻoiai ke nānā ʻia ke keiki no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena ʻino (e like me ke kaumaha nui, nā maʻi ʻomaʻomaʻo).

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia i ka wā e alakaʻi ana i nā kaʻa a komo i nā hana ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe e koi ai i ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena psychomotor.

ʻO ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokahi o ka carbamazepine me nā CYP 3A4 inhibitors hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi hoʻonui i kona kaohi ʻana i ke koko koko a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o CucP 3A4 inducers hiki ke alakaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka metabolism o ka carbamazepine, kahi e hoʻoneʻe nei i kona kahe ʻana i loko o ke koko a me ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana i ka hopena therapeutic; ma ke kipi, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka helu o ka biotransformation o ka carbamazepine a alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike.

Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka manaʻo o ka carbamazepine i loko o ka plasma e ka verapamil, diltiazem, felodipine, dextropropoxyphene, viloxazine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, cimetidine, acetazolamide, danazole, desipramine, nicotinamide (ma nā pākeke, nā ʻomaʻikaʻō, kachoma, erooma, erooma, erooma, erooma, eroomaʻomaʻo, akeroma, akeroma (itraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole), terfenadine, loratadine, isoniazid, propoxyphene, huʻu ʻāpili, hoʻohana ʻia nā protease inhibitors i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV (no ka laʻana, ritonavir) - koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻia. ka mālamaʻana o carbamazepine wai koko nā hoʻohui like.

Hoʻopili ʻo Felmabat i ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o ka carbamazepine i ka plasma a hoʻonui i ke kao o ka carbamazepine - 10.11 - epoxide, aʻo kahi hoʻokaʻawale manawa o ka neʻe i ka serum o felbamate hiki.

ʻO ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o ka carbamazepine e hōʻemi ʻia e ka phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, metsuximide, fensuximide, theophylline, rifampicin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, hiki paha: clonazepam, valpromide, valproic acid, oxcarbazepine a me nā huahana ʻala i loaʻa ka mea ʻala.Aia ka hiki o ka haʻalele o ka carbamazepine me ka waikohu valproic a me ka primidone ma muli o nā protein o ka plasma a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka piʻi ʻana o ka metabolite hoʻoikaika pharmacologically active (carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide). Me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o ka finlepsin me ka acid valproic, i nā mea kūʻokoʻa, hiki i ka coma a me ka hilahila.

Hoʻololi ʻo Isotretinoin i ka bioavailability a me / a i ʻole ke kala ʻana o ka carbamazepine a me ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (ka nānā ʻana i ka kukuna o ka plasma o ka pūlamazepine e pono ai). Carbamazepine ke emi ka wai koko lehulehu (emi ole a hiki loa neutralize i ka waiwai) a e koi? Iaea nā māhele kēia mau ai ': klobazama, clonazepam, digoxin, ethosuximide, primidone, valproicʻakika, alprazolam, corticosteroids (prednisone, dexamethasone), cyclosporine, tetracyclines (doxycycline) , haloperidol, methadone, mākaukau waha ka i loaʻa o ka estrogen a / a i ʻole progesterone (ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe o ka contraception he pono), theophylline, oral anticoagulants (warf rin, fenprocoumone, dicumarol), lamotrigine, topiramate, antidepressants tricyclic (imipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine), clozapine, felbamate, tiagabine, oxcarbazepine, protease inhibitors hoʻohana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka maʻi HIV-infin, calcine, calcinamine nā kūmole (kahi hui o dihydropyridones, no ka laʻana felodipine), itraconazole, levothyroxine, midazolam, olanzapine, praziquantel, risperidone, tramadol, ciprasidone. Aia paha ke hoʻonui a hoʻemi ʻana i ka pae o ka phenytoin i loko o ke koko koko e kū ana i ka mea i kua o ka carbamazepine a me ka hoʻonui i ka pae o mefenitoin. Me ka hoʻohana like ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka carbamazepine a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana lithium, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā hopena neurotoxic o nā mea ikaika ʻelua.

Hiki ke komo ka Tetracyclines i ka hopena therapeutic o ka carbamazepine. Ke hui pū me ka paracetamol, i ka nui o ka hopena o ke aʻalopiko i ka puhaka e hoʻonui ai i ka pehu a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke ʻano therapeutic (e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka metabolism o paracetamol).

ʻO ka hui like ʻana o ka carbamazepine me ka phenothiazine, pimozide, thioxanthenes, mindindone, haloperidol, maprotiline, clozapine a me nā tricyclic antidepressants e alakaʻi i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka inhibitory ma ka pūnaehana ʻōiwi a me ka nāwaliwali i ka hopena anticonvulsant o ka carbamazepine. Hāpai ka poʻe hoʻonaʻau ʻo Midaamine oxidase i ka hōʻemi o ka piʻi ʻana o ka hyperpyretic, ʻo nā hoʻokūkū hypertensive, pāhoʻi, a me ka make (pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā inhibitors monoamine ma mua o ka ʻōlelo ma mua o 2 mau pule ʻoi aku paha, inā paha ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai no ka wā lōʻihi).

ʻO ka lawelawe manuahi me ka diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hyponatremia, i hoʻopili ʻia e nā hōʻike maʻi. Ua komo i ka hopena o ka hoʻomaha a i ʻole depolarizing kalamale (pancuronium). I ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā hui like ʻole, pono paha e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā musio, ʻoiai ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi e pono ai ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka ʻāʻī. Hōʻemi ka Carbamazepine i ka hoʻomanawanui etanol. Hoʻonui i nā lāʻau Myelotoxic i ka hematotoxicity o ka lāʻau.

Hoʻonui ia i ka metabolism o nā anticoagulants kūlike, hormonal contraceptives, folic acid, praziquantel, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā hormone thyroid.

Hoʻonui ia i ka metabolism o nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hana (enflurane, halotane, fluorotan) a hoʻonui i ka hopena o nā hopena hepatotoxic, hoʻonui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā metabolites nephrotoxic o methoxyflurane. Hoʻonui i ka hopena hepatotoxic o isoniazid.

Ke keu

Nā Hoʻomaka hoʻākāka pinepine ʻia nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, cardiovascular a me nā pūnaehana hanu.

Pūnaehana pīhoihoi a me nā ʻōpū sensory - ka hōʻino o nā hana o ka pūnaehana nū o ka pūnaehana, ka hōʻeha, ka hiamoe, ke kuauhau, ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ka coma, ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana, ka ʻōlelo kuʻuna, dysarthria, nystagmus, ataxia, dyskinesia, hyperreflexia (ma ka hoʻomaka), hyporeflexia (ma hope aku), ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana, ʻike hopohopo, ʻatikala, nystagmus. mina)

Pūnaehana Cardiovascular: tachycardia, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko, i kekahi manawa ke hoʻonui ʻia ke koko, nā pilikia i ka condra intraventricular me ka QRS paʻakikī dilatation, nāwaliwali, hopu hoʻopiʻi,

Pūnaehana huhū: ʻōpū hanu, polema pulmonary,

ʻ systemnaehana digestive: ninaki, ka luaʻi, hoʻopiʻi ka haʻalele ʻana i ka meaʻai mai ka ʻōpū, hoʻēmi ʻia i ka neʻe o ka ʻōpū,

ʻŌnaehana urinary: mālama urinary, oliguria a anuria paha, mālama kahe, hyponatremia.

ʻAʻohe mea antidote kikoʻī. Pono ke kōkua kākoʻo Symptomatic i ka mālama mālama koʻikoʻi, ka mālama ʻana i nā hana naʻau, ke kūloko o ke kino, reflexes corneal, hana pono o ka papa palaka, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia o ka electrolyte. Pono e hoʻoholo i ka ʻikeʻana o ka carbamazepine i loko o ka plasma e hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana me kēia māhini a me ka loiloi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka overdose, gastric lavage, ke koho ʻana o ka hoʻōla. ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻeha o ka gastric hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohemo ʻana i nā lā 2 a me 3 a me ke aloha hou ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻōla i ka wā hoʻolaʻa.

ʻO ka pakanā ikaika, hemodialysis, a me nā dialy peritoneal i nele ʻole, eia naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka dialysis no ka hui ʻana o nā mea make a me ka maikaʻi ʻole. I nā keiki, aia kekahi makemake no ka hematotransfusion.

E hoʻokuʻu i nā pepa a me ka pale

Ma nā papa 10 ma kahi pale polū blister mai kahi kiʻi o polyvinyl chloride a me ka alumini foil.

ʻO nā pā blister 5 me nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka'āina a me nā ʻōlelo Lūkia e waiho ʻia ma kahi pahu pahu.

Hoʻohui Kūʻai Kūʻai

‘Andlelo a me ka ʻāina o ka hoʻonohonohomea hana

"ʻO Keva Operations Poland Sp.z.o.o"

80 st. Mogilska, 31-546 Krakow, Polani

Name a uana ipaʻa kāinoa inoa

"Teva Pharmaceutical Polska Sp.z.o.o", Polani

Inoa a me ka ʻāina o ka hoʻolālā packing

"ʻO Keva Operations Poland Sp.z.o.o", Polani

ʻLelo o ka hui e ʻae nei i nā hoʻopiʻi mai nā mea hoʻohana aku e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana (nā huahana) ma ke aupuni o ka Repubalika o Kazakhstan:

ʻOLLP "ratiopharm Kazakhstan"

050000, Repubalika o Kazakhstan Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 19,

Hoʻohui

ʻO Cytochrome CYP3A4 ka enzyme nui e hāʻawi ana i ka metabolism carbamazepine. ʻO ka hoʻokahukohu i ka manawa o ka carbamazepine me nā CYP3A4 inhibitors hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi hoʻonui i kona neʻe ʻana i ka plasma a hana i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o CucP3A4 inducers hiki ke alakaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka metabolism o ka carbamazepine, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka carbamazepine i loko o ka plasma a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena therapeutic, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki i kā lākou hōʻemi ke hōʻemi i ka hopena metabolic o ka carbamazepine a alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike.

I ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka plasma carbamazepine: verapamil, diltiazem, felodipine, dextropropoxyphene, viloxazine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, cimetidine, acetazolamide, danazole, desipramine, nicotinamide (i nā pākeke, nā ʻomaʻikaʻi kiʻekiʻe, ka eryryromromine, eryryyromerine, eryryyromerry, erythyyromroine, erythrocromine, eryolohromine azoles (itraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole), terfenadine, loratadine, isoniazid, propoxyphene, wai ʻōpū, ʻāpono protease inhibitors i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV (no ka laʻana ritonavir) - koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻia. ka mālamaʻana o carbamazepine wai koko nā hoʻohui like.

Hoʻopili ʻo Felbamate i ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o ka carbamazepine i ka plasma a hoʻonui i ke kao o ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, aʻo kahi hoʻokaʻawale manawa o ka neʻe i loko o ka serum koko o ka felbamate hiki.

ʻO ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o ka carbamazepine e hōʻemi ʻia e ka phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, metsuximide, fensuximide, theophylline, rifampicin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, hiki paha: clonazepam, valpromide, valproic acid, oxcarbazepine a me nā hua ʻai i loaʻa Hypercum. Aia nā lono o ka hiki o ka haʻalele o ka carbamazepine me ka acid valproic a me ka primidone ma muli o nā protein o ka plasma a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka piʻi ʻana o ka metabolite hoʻākāka lāʻau pharmacologically (carbamazepine-10.11-epoxide).

Hoʻololi ʻo Isotretinoin i ka bioavailability a me / a i ʻole ke kala ʻana o ka carbamazepine a me ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (ka mea e pono ai ke kukuna plasma o ka carbamazepine).

Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hōʻemi i ka kukuna plasma (hōʻemi a hōʻemi ʻole paha i nā hopena) a koi aku i ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki mai ana: clobazam, clonazepam, ethosuximide, primidone, valproic acid, alprazolam, GCS (prednisolone, dexamethasone), cyclosporine, doxycycorol, galixeric Hōʻalo i ka estrogens a me / a progesterone (koho i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe o ka contraception he pono), theophylline, oral anticoagulants (warfarin, fenprocoumone, dicumarol), lamotrigine, topiramate, tricyclic kā lākou antidepresan (imipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine), clozapine, felbamate, tiagabin, oxcarbazepine, protease inhibitors hoʻohana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi HIV (indinavir, ritonavir, saquinovir), BMK (hui o dihydropyridin, dihydropyridin, dihydropyridin, dihydropyridine midazolam, olazapine, praziquantel, risperidone, tramadol, cyprasidone.

Aia kekahi mau manaʻo e ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka carbamazepine, hiki i ka nui o ka phenytoin i loko o ka plasma ke hoʻonui a hāʻule paha, a hiki i ka pae o mefenitoin ke hoʻonui (i nā hihia maʻamau).

ʻO Carbamazepine i ka wā i hui pū me ka paracetamol e hoʻonui i ka hōʻeha o ka hopena o ke aʻalopona ma ka pūpū, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka therapeutic efficacy (hoʻopuka i ka metabolism o paracetamol).

ʻO ka hui like ʻana o ka carbamazepine me ka phenothiazine, pimozide, thioxanthenes, mindindone, haloperidol, maprotiline, clozapine a me nā tricyclic antidepressants e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka inhibitory ma ka pūnaehana ʻōiwi a me ka nāwaliwali i ka hopena anticonvulsant o ka carbamazepine.

Hoʻonui ka pale ʻana o MAO i ka nui o ka piʻi ʻana o ka hyperpyretic, piʻi i ka hypertensive, pāhoʻe, make

ʻO ka lawelawe manuahi me ka diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hyponatremia, i hoʻopili ʻia e nā hōʻike maʻi.

Ua komo i ka hopena o ka hoʻomaha a i ʻole depolarizing kalamale (pancuronium). Ma ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o kēlā hui hui pono, pono paha e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā musio, ʻoiai e pono e nānā pono i nā mea maʻi, no ka mea ʻoi ka wikiwiki ʻana o kā lākou hana).

Hoʻonui ia i ka metabolism o nā anticoagulants kūpaʻa, nā lāʻau hoʻolaʻa contraceptive hormonal, waikawa folic, praziquantel, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā hormone thyroid.

Hoʻonui ia i ka metabolism o nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka nui anesthesia (enflurane, halotane, fluorotan) me ka piʻi nui o nā hopena hepatotoxic, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā metabolites nephrotoxic o methoxyflurane.

Hoʻonui i ka hopena hepatotoxic o isoniazid.

Hoʻonui ka lāʻau Myelotoxic i nā hōʻike o ka hematotoxicity o ka lāʻau.

Pharmacodynamics a me ka pharmacokinetics

Lawe ʻia ke ʻano hana kalekaia. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ka lāʻau lāʻau antimaniacal, normotymic, antidiuretic (i nā mea maʻi me insipidus maʻi), nā hōʻeha hōʻeha (me neuralgia) hopena.

Kuhi ka kinona o ka hopena o ka lāʻau i ka blockade o nā kahe sodium-gated volt, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka hiki ʻana o nā pelekone o neuron, stabilization o ka membrane o neurons, e alakaʻi pono ai i kahi hōʻemi i ka conduction impulse synaptic.

Ke pale aku nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou i ka hana hou ʻana o ka pākiko hana hana hoʻomā i ka hana o nā neurons depolarized.

Huli ʻo Carbamazepine i ka hoʻokaʻawale o ka glutamate i hoʻokuʻu ʻia (kahi neurotransmitter amino acid), e hoʻemi ana i ka hopena o ka ʻaihua epileptic. ^ E Ha yM. I nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio epilepsy ʻoiai e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, aia kahi hopena kūpono e pili ana i ka nui o ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo, a me ka hōʻemi i ka pīpī, huhū.

ʻO ka hopena ma nā ʻōkuhi psychomotor, nā hana cognitive ka maʻi ʻelua ma muli o ke ʻano, ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia hihia.

I neuralgia trigeminal (ka pono, ka lua) ke hāʻule nei ka piʻiʻana o ka hōʻeha ʻana o nā hōʻeha hōʻeha.

I postherpetic neuralgiano ka post-traumatic aloha, malo spinal cord - Kōkua ʻo Carbamazepine e hōʻoluʻolu i ka hōʻeha neurogen.

I huki waiʻona hiki i ka lāʻau hōʻemi ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka symptomatology koʻikoʻi (ʻo ka haʻalulu o nā poʻo, hoʻonui nui i ka huhū, ka hana ʻoi o ka gait), e hoʻonui ana i ka paepae o ka mākaukau e hoʻokau.

I nā maʻi me maʻi maʻi hōʻemi ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manaʻo o ka wela, diuresis, alakaʻi i ka uku wikiwiki o ka pae wai.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hopena Antimaniacal (antipsychotic) ma hope o 7-10 lā o ka maʻi lapaʻau, hoʻomohala ma ke ʻano o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka metabolism. norepinephrine, dopamine.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano o ka lōʻihi o ka carbamazepine e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea nui i loko o ke koko, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka "dips" a me "peaks".

ʻO nā papa Carbamazepine, nā ʻōlelo e hoʻohana ai (a me ke ʻano a me ke ʻano)

Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau ma ke ʻano me ka nui o ka wai. Nā papa mana lōʻihi (Carbamazepine Retard) ʻaʻole e puhiki, kīloi piha, ʻelua i ka lā.

Me ka epilepsy Ke kuhikuhi ʻia nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka monotherapy. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻomaka me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻonui liʻiliʻi i ka dosis, e hiki ai ke hoʻokō i ka hopena kūpono loa. ʻO ka dosis kumu mua no nā pākeke he 100-200 mg 1-2 mau manawa i ka lā, e lohi iki i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO neuralgia antigeminal: ka lā mua o ka lapaʻau he 200-400 mg, me ka piʻi mālie i ka 400-800 mg i kēlā me kēia lā, a laila pau ka hoʻōki kino i ka lāʻau lapaama.

Inātial dosis me ka maʻi ʻeha o ka hoʻomaka ʻana ne mai ʻO 100 mg palua i kēlā me kēia lā, me ka piʻi o ka waiū i kēlā me kēia 12 mau hola a hiki i ka hōʻeha ʻana o ke kaumaha. ʻO ka dosis mālama mālama he 200-1200 mg i kēlā me kēia lā, i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā nui he nui.

ʻĀpana helu me ka lāwahi hoʻohiʻona ʻo 200 mg ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā, ma ke kūlana koʻikoʻi, hoʻonui ka nui o ka maʻi i 400 mg ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā.

I nā lā mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohui pū chlordiazepoxide, clomethiazole a me nā mea houʻehā-hypnotics.

I insipidus maʻi Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā pākia he 200 mg 2-3 mau manawa i kahi lā.

I maʻi neuropathy maʻi me ka ʻeha Kuhi ʻia ka 200 mg mau manawa ma kahi o ka lā.

Kāohi nā piliaʻi skizoaffective a me ka noʻonoʻo: 600 mg no nā 3-4 i kēlā me kēia lā.

Pāʻeha waiʻehā me ka bipolar, pilikia pili, kūlana hiha mau makahiki 400-1600 mg.

Hoʻohālikelike nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Carbamazepine Acry.

Carbamazepine a me nā waiʻona

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i nā hōʻailona hōʻemi ma hope o ka inu ʻawa. Hoʻoulu i ka kūlana paʻakikī o kahi kanaka.Eia nō naʻe, pono ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka haukapila, a ʻaʻole pono no ke hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau ʻelua i mea e pale aku i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka nui o ka nūnaehana.

Nā ʻōmike no ka carbamazepine

He liʻiliʻi nā loiloi ma nā pūʻulu e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka kumu, waiho nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka lāʻau.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia ia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mālama ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano hoʻohālikelike a me nā pilikia noʻonoʻo, a hōʻike ʻia nā kuhi e pili ana i kona ʻike maikaʻi ʻole i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hou aku i kēia manawa, a i ka manawa like ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka neuralgia trigeminal, manaʻoʻiʻo ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau paha iʻikeʻoleʻia.

ʻO like no ka like me ka carbamazepine acre

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Loaʻa nā papa retard Carbamazepine me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o nā mea ikaika:

• Hoʻonui waiwai: 200 a 400 mg o ka carbamazepine
• Nā kumuwaiwai hou: carbomer, CMC, Aerosil, E 572, sodium CMC.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hana hoʻomau, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi kīʻaha kūikawā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau: ma hope o ke nānā ʻana, ke hoʻomau nei ka hana ikaika i kona hopena ma mua o ka mea maʻamau.

200 mg mau mea kanu - keʻokeʻo, hina a beige hoʻi i nā papa ʻaina i ke ʻano o kahi cylinder papa. Hiki ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, hana i ka hopena marbling. Kono ʻia ia ʻano ʻano ʻike ʻole ʻia he hemahema. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā papa o nā papa he 10. Paʻi: 1/2/5 papa, hui pū ʻia.

ʻO 400 mg mau lāʻau - ka pōʻai, me nā pūnoho voluminous o ka papa i ke ʻano o ka ellipse Hoʻopili ʻia i nā pahu o kā PET no 50 mau ʻāpana. I loko o ka pahu - 1 pahu pahu, kuhikuhi.

Hoʻomaopopo i nā waiwai

Loaʻa ka hopena anticonvulsant o ka lāʻau ma muli o nā waiwai o ka carbamazepine, kahi mea kikoʻī o ka pūnaehana iminostilbene tricyclic. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia ka hiki i ka mana anticonvulsant o kahi mea e hōʻike iā ia iho ma o kahi hana e hōʻemi ai i ka hana o nā kahawai Na +. I ka hopena o ke kau ʻana, ua hoʻomau ʻia nā membrane neural a hōʻemi ʻia nā impulses synaptic. I ka manawa like, hōʻemi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka huehū amino glutamate, ka normal o ka pae o ka mea hoʻomāweliweli a me ka hōʻemi, kahi e hoʻemi ana i ka hopuna o kahi hopu epilepsy. Ma ka hopena anticonvulsant, hana pū ka hana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka K + conductivity a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kano calcium.

I kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i lawe i ka carbamazepine, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka kamaʻāina o ka mea maʻi hou, e kōkua ana i kāna kamaʻilio ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

I nā keiki, hoʻihoʻi ka lāʻau i ka hopohopo nui, hopohopo, hoʻomāinoino. Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena i ka hiki ʻana o ka mākaukau ma muli o ke ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia.

Aia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena anticonvulsant - mai kekahi mau hola a i ʻole lā ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana (ma kekahi mau mea maʻi, hiki nō ke ʻano ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina o ka mālama ʻana).

Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha, ua paʻa maoli ka waiwai mai ka digestive tract, ¾ o ka dosage paʻa i nā protein plasma.

Hoʻomili ʻia ia i ka puʻu me ke komo ʻana o kāna huina. Lawe ʻia ka hapalua-ola mai 12 a 30 hola. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia me ka urine (kokoke 70-75 pakeneka), ke koena me nā feces.

Ke ʻano o ka noi

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e lawe i ke kaila o ka kaʻa lāʻauamaama, e like me nā ʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia, i ka wā o ka papaʻaina a ma hope paha o kona kū ʻana. Inā pilikia ka mea maʻi i ka lawena ʻana, a laila e ʻae ʻia nā papa e lawe ʻia i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻana, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau ʻia ka hopena lōʻihi o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka dosage i kēlā me kēia lā mai 400 a 1200 mg (i kekahi mau doses), ʻo ka nui, ka mea i pāpā ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia, ʻo 1600 mg.

Epilepia

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi lāʻau antiepileptic o ka hana lōʻihi i ka wā e hiki ai me kahi monocourse.Pono ka liʻiliʻi ma kēiaʻano, a laila ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i ka hopena o ke kino, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka pae i koi ʻia. I nā manawa āpau e pono ai e nānā i ka ʻike ʻana o ka hana ikaika ma ka plasma.

Inā hoʻohui nā lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi i ka mālama antiepileptic i ke ala ʻia nei, a laila pono e hana iki, e hoʻolilo i kahi mea iki. Inā no kahi kumu ʻole i hiki i ka mea maʻi ke inu i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a laila lawe ʻia nā papa i ka manawa mua ma ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ke inu i ʻelua pāʻai a ʻelua paha.

• ʻApiopio: ke hoʻomaka nei ka nui o nā lā i kēlā me kēia papa ʻaina 200 mg carbamazepine mai 1 a 2 mau pcs, a laila e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā no ka lā, inā pono, i nā kumu kiʻekiʻe. No ka mālama mālama, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana mai 800 i 1200 mg ma 1-2 mau pona. Hana ʻia ke kaulike: e uku mua - e lawe i ke ahiahi 200-300 mg, me kahi papa mālama - i ke kakahiaka - 200-600 mg, i ke ahiahi - mai 400 a 600 mg.
• ʻO nā keiki a me nā'ōpiopio (4-15 mau makahiki): i ka mua - 200 mg / lā a laila e hoʻonui ma ka 100 mg / lā. i ka pae i makemake ʻia. No ka mālama mālama ponoʻana i nā poʻe maʻi he 4-10 mau makahiki - kahi maʻi i kēlā me kēia lā he 400 a 600 mg, no nā keiki kahiko (11-15 mau makahiki) - mai 600 a 1000 mg / lā.

Aia ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka hopena kū hoʻokahi o ke kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea maʻi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hana lōʻihi, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke papa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo i ka ʻōlelo hoʻokahi. Pono ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau o ka carbamazepine e ke kauka e hele ana. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻoholo ʻana no ka hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka lāʻau inā ʻaʻole i hōʻike ka maʻi iā ia iho i ka wā o 2-3 mau makahiki o ka mālama ʻana. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lāʻau, a laila hāʻawi ʻia nā makahiki 1-2 e hōʻemi i ka dosage.

Neuralgia Trigeminal, idiopathic glossopharyngeal nerve neuralgia

I ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻōla, 200 i 400 mg o ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia i ʻelua mau puʻupaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā kūama o ka carbamazepine a hiki i ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻeha, a hiki i ka 400-800 mg / lā. Ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi hopena therapeutic, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā hōʻemi hoʻemi ʻia e mālama i ka hopena i loaʻa mai - 400 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO 1, maximum ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā he 1,2 g.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā mea maʻi a me nā poʻe maʻi me ka mālama ʻana i ka mea ikaika a 100 mg ʻelua i kēlā me kēia lā, hiki ke hoʻonui hou ʻia a hiki wale nō ke oki. I ka awelika, pono ʻoe e lawe i ka 3-4 p. / Lā. 200 mg i kēlā me kēia. Ma hope o ka nalo aʻe ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi ka nui i ka pae o ka mālama mālama ʻana.

Pehea e kāpae ai i ka Carbamazepine Retard

E noʻonoʻo ka ʻina o ka hoʻokō i nā kūʻokoʻa o ka hana o ka lāʻau lōʻihi. Hiki i ke kī hōʻemi ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka epilepsy, no laila e hōʻemi iki ʻia ka nui. Ma ka lawe ʻana i kahi maʻi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau antiepileptic ʻē aʻe, pono paha e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hoʻopau ai i nā hōʻailona like ʻole.

I ka wā hāpai a me ka umauma

Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka carbamazepine i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation.

No nā wahine me nā hana reproduction mālama ʻia, e aʻo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka monotherapy, ʻoiai i kēia hihia ke ʻano nui o ka hopena o nā anomalies a me nā pathologies i ke keiki ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi hoʻoponopono lapaʻau hoʻohui e hoʻohana ana i nā lāʻau antiepileptic.

Inā hūnā ka wahine i ka wā o ka carbamazepine, a i ʻole he mea pono ia e hoʻohana i ka wā o ka gestation, pono ia e nānā i nā pōmaikaʻi i manaʻo ʻia a hiki i nā hopena hoʻopiʻi ka hopena ma muli o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka embryo / fetus. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia inā hoʻohana kekahi antepileptic i loko o nā mahina ʻekolu ʻekolu.

Ke koho ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi maʻa haʻahaʻa loa e hāʻawi ana i ka hopena therapeutic, a nānā pono ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kāʻei o ka mea ikaika ma ka papa koko.

ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi i ka wā o ka gestation, no ka mea, ua ʻike ʻia he exalerbation o ka pathology he pilikia no ka makuahine a me kāna keiki hānau. Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia i nā keiki e ulia ana ko lākou mau maʻi i ka epilepsy, e hele pinepine ai nā maʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka intrauterine. Ma ka manawa like, aia nā kānalua he hiki i ka carbamazepine ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pathologies, ʻoiai nā hihia o nā hānau keiki me nā bipida congenital a me nā ala spinal cord, craniofacial deformities, penis abnormalities, cardiovascular abnormalities a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ka pilina ma waena o ka hopena o ka lāʻau a me kēia mau ʻaina ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia i ka hopena, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia ka nui o kā lākou ulu ʻana.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā wahine i nā hoʻopiʻi kūpono o ka ulu ʻana o ka wā hānau, a hoʻomākaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi antenatal pinepine.

E like me kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau antiepileptic, hiki i ka carbamazepine ke hoʻonui i ka ʻai ʻana i nā waikawa folic i loko o ke kino, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hānau ʻana o ka hānau ʻana i nā keiki. No laila, i ka wā o ka gestation, pono e koi ʻia kahi nui o ka huaora.

Inā lawe ka wahine hāpai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hana hope loa (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hebedoma i hala aku nei), a laila makemake paha kahi wahine hou i kahi papa o ka vitamin K1 e hōʻemi i ka nui o kahi maʻi withdrawal. Hōʻike ʻia ka pathology e ka hoʻokalakupua, pōkole o ka hanu, nā pilikia hōʻeha, nā mea ʻilihune maikaʻi ʻole.

Hoʻokaumana

Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka Carbamazepine i ka waiū, no laila ke kuhikuhi ʻana he mea pono ke nānā i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana a me ka hopena hiki i ke keiki. I ka wā maʻi, pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lactation. Inā hoʻoholo ke kauka ʻaʻohe manaʻo e hōʻole i ka HB, no laila, e nānā mau ʻia ke kūlana o ka pēpē i hiki ai ke hoʻomaopopo a e hoʻopau aku i nā hopena o Carbamazepine i ka manawa.

Nā pili kūleʻa lāʻau

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka carbamazepine Retard e noʻonoʻo i nā mea i kuhi ʻia o ka pilina o ke ʻano o ka mea hana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

• Hoʻololi ka metabolic hoʻololi o ka carbamazepine me ke komo ʻana o ka cytochrome CYP3A4. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana me ia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻōki ana i kēia ʻōnaehana o ka enzyme, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka antiepileptic i ka plasma e hoʻonui nei, e hāʻawi wale nei ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i ka therapeutic, akā ʻo nā hopena hopena. Ke kōkua nei ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana me nā inducers i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka metabolism o ka waiwai a hoʻemi i kāna ʻike ma ka plasma a hōʻemi i ka hopena therapeutic.
• Hoʻonui ka paʻa o ka carbazepine i loko o ka mana ma lalo o ka mana o ka verapamil, felodipine, fluoxetine, trazodone, cimetidine, acetazolamide, macrolides, cirofloxacin, azoles, stiripentol, terfenadine, isoniazid, oxybutynin, ticlopidine, riton No laila, me ka hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻana, pono ia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka dosage noi i ʻimi ʻia ma ka heluhelu ʻana o ke ʻano o nā mea i loko o ke kino.
• Ke emi ka pae o ka carbazepine ka wā i hui pū ʻia me ka felbamate, a me ka ʻōnaehana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau hope loa e hiki ke loli.
• ʻO ka Loxapine, primidone, ka valproic acid a me nā mea waiwai o ia, i ka wā i lawe pū ʻia me ka caramazene, hiki ke hoʻonui i kona ʻike.
• Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka Carbamazepine mai ka plasma e ka waikawa valproic a me ka primidone, a no laila e hoʻonui i kāna ʻike metabolite. Ke hui pū ʻia me ka waikawa valproic, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hiki ʻana i kēlā hui pū me ka hōʻeha a me ka haunaele.
• Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana o ka plasma o clobazam, digoxin, primidone, glucocorticosteroids, cyclosporine, tetracyclines, hormonal drug me estrogen a progesterone, theophylline, oral anticoagulants, TCAs, bupropion, sertraline, felbamate, occlazazine, clupazepaz a me na mea lehulehu e ae.Pono kekahi laʻana o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e pono no ka hoʻokō me ka carbamazepine, a pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia ma muli o nā hopena.
• Ke hoʻohui i ka carbamazepine me ka phenytoin, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka hiki ke kōkua i ka maikaʻi o nā mea hōʻola, a me ka piʻi o ka pae o mefenitoin.
• ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka lāʻau me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana me ka lithium a i ʻole ke metoclopramide e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i kā lākou hopena ʻona ma ke kino.
• Ua nāwaliwali ka hopena o ka carbamazepine e ka papa hui me nā lāʻau tetracycline.
• I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ka paracetamol, ʻoiai ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hopena pehu i ke kūpaʻa a hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena therapeutic (ma muli o ka wikiwiki o nā hana metabol.
• Hoʻonui ka Carbamazepine i ka hopena o ka pale ma ke kikowaena NS o ka phenothiazine, thioxanthene, haloperidol, clozapine, TCA, akā nāwaliwali me kēia hui pū.
• Hiki i ka IMAO ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻoweliweli o nā ala kiʻekiʻe o ka hyperpyretic a me ka hypertensive, ka ʻeha ʻo ka hoʻokahakū, ka make. No ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā hana hōʻeha, ma waena o ka papa o ka carbamazepine a me MAO, pono e mālama ʻia kahi manawa manawa o nā liʻiliʻi ʻelua pule.
• ʻO ka hui hui ʻana i nā lāʻau antiepileptic me diuretics hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hyponatremia.
• ʻO nā Carbamazepine palupalu i ka hopena therapeutic o nā hoʻomaha lōkuhi i ka pale ʻole, no laila, pono paha e hoʻonui i kā lākou dosage me ka mālama mau ʻana i ko lākou heleʻana i ka plasma.
• I kekahi mau hihia, i ka wā e hoʻohui pū ai i kahi antiepileptic me levetircetam, hiki i ka nui o ka hopena o ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa.
• Loaʻa iā Carbamazepine ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻomanawanui o ka ethyl alkohol.
• ʻO Myelotoxic nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻomohala i ka hematotoxicity o ka lāʻau.
• Hoʻopuka i ka antiepileptic ka hoʻololi o ka metabolic o nā anticoagulants kūpaʻa, nā contraceptives hormonal, ka waikawa folic, a me ka praziquantel, anesthetics a me ka hoʻopauʻana i nā hormone thyroid. Hoʻonui i ka nā mea laʻawaʻa o ka isoniazid ma luna o ka ate.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me ka overdose

Kekahi mau hopena maikaʻiʻole o ke kino (ʻoi aku mai loko mai o ka pūnaehana ma waena, nā ʻili a me ke kiko gastrointestinal) i hōʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke papa mālama ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hewa nui a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻi maʻi.

Pākuʻi ka hopena o ka dosage ma luna o lākou iho a i ʻole ma lalo o nā hopena haʻahaʻa. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa paha nā ʻōhumu o nā maʻi NS waena ma muli o ka hoʻoinu iki ʻole a ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā pae o ka hōʻemi o ka lāʻau i loko o ke koko. I kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e kiaʻi mau i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻike o ka mea lapaʻau i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology.

I ka wā mālama, ʻo ka hopena e like me ka hopena o ka carbamazepine:

• Ma ka ʻāpana o nā hui koko: leukopenia, leukocytosis, helu platelet low platelet, eosinophilia, lymph node hoʻololi, hapa wai ʻole folic, abnormally low blood cell count, erythrocyte aplasia, nā ʻano ʻano anemia (aplastic / megoblastic / hemolytic, etc.), porphyria, disfunction, etc. kūwili wahine.
• Kaomi ʻole: rashes, vasculitis, arthralgia, aseptic meningitis, anaphylaxis, edema Quincke.
• ʻO ka system Endocrine a me ka metabolism: edema, ka hōʻemi o ka wai, nā hōʻemi momona, hyponatremia, ʻokoʻa loa ka hyperhydration (me ka lethargy concomitant, ʻeha, hōʻeha, ka pilikia neurological), hyperprolactinemia me ka ʻole o ka galactorrhea, ka maʻi thyroid, ka hoʻoneʻe i ka calcium nā iwi, hoʻonui i ka kolamu.
• Manaʻo: hallucination (ʻike, "leo"), nā mea kaumaha, hoʻemi a nele paha i ka makemake, hoʻonui i ka hopohopo, hoʻouka ʻia, agitation, confingation, exacerbation of psychoses ada.
• NS: sedation, tremor, dystonia, tics, ʻōpū o ka muscature ocular, ʻōlelo kikoʻōlelo, peripheral neuropathy, ka nalowale o nā sensation, nāwaliwali o ka ʻōpū, nā puʻu ʻono hoʻonaninani, CNS, nā hana hoʻonanea.
• Ka ʻike, hoʻolohe: ʻoluʻolu ke noho ʻana, hoʻonui i ka hoʻoweliweli hepatitis B, e kau ana i nā leʻo, ka hīmeni / tinnitus, hypo- a i ka hyperacusia.
• ʻO nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai a me ke koko: nā maʻi hōʻeha o ka naʻau, hypertension hypert or hypertension, bradycardia, ʻehaʻeha ka puʻuwai, exacerbation o ka maʻi naʻau coronary, thrombophlebitis, embolism pulmonary.
• Nā mea hoʻonāukiuki: nā hopena kūlohelohe o ka māmā (ke'ōpū, apnea, pneumonia, etc.).
• Digestive organitions: waha maloʻo, constipation / maʻi, ʻeha, pancreatitis, ʻaihue ʻana o ka alelo.
• Hāloli: nā hoʻololi i ka hana a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā kinina, hemahema o ka ate.
• Dermis a me s / c fiber: dermatitis, urticaria (form form possible), SLE, itching, Stevens-Johnson syndromes, Lyell, photosensitivity, erythema (polyform, knobby), pigmentation disorders, ʻālika, purpura, paluhiko nui, ʻōpū kāne kāne ʻōpio lauoho lauoho.
• ʻŌnaehana musculoskeletal: ʻeha pūwā, eha ʻōpū, ke hōʻeha, ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i nā pōpoki.
• Pūnaehana genitourinary: nā māla renal, nephritis, hoʻonui urination, pale urination, impotence, spermatogenesis pilikia.
• Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe: ka momona, reactivation o ke ʻano 6 herperovirus.

Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hana i ka hiki i ka hoʻokūkū a hoʻoholo koke. No laila, i ka manawa o kona hoʻohana ʻana, pono e mālama pono ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokele ai i nā kaʻa a hana paha i kekahi ʻano o nā hana e hoʻonāukiuki ai i ke olakino a i ʻole ke ola o ka mea maʻi.

Hōʻike ka intoxication e ka maʻi hanu, hyperreflexia, i ukali ʻia e kahi neʻe i ka hyporeflexia, kahi hoʻemi ʻana i ke ea, ka maʻi gastrointestinal tract, a me nā hopena pili loa.

No ka mea ʻaʻohe mea antidote kiko'ī i ka carbamazepine, ua pau ka overdose i ka holoi ʻana i ka ʻōpū, lawe ʻana i ka sorbents, a me ka maʻi hōʻailona.

ʻO ka mea maʻi e kiaʻi mau ʻia a hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka make ʻole e pau loa. Inā pono, e hāʻawi ʻia nā keiki i ke kahe koko.

Pono ke koho kuʻikahi me nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike Carbamazepine e nā mea ʻea i hele mai.

Lāmima (India)

Kumukuai: kū lōʻihi. pakuhi. 200 mg (30 pcs.) - 81 mau rubles., 400 mg (30 pcs.) - 105 mau rubles.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi hopena maʻamau a lōʻihi paha. Loaʻa ka hopena therapeutic o ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka mahalo i nā carbamazepine i loaʻa. Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻohana - e like me nā hōʻike pilikino.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

He lohi a pau ka holopapa (ʻo ka ʻai ʻana ʻaʻole i pili i ka helu a me ka nui o ka inu ʻana). Ma hope o hoʻokahi o ka pākaukau o ka papa maʻamau, ua hōʻea ʻo Stax ma hope o nā hola he 12. ʻAʻole i ʻike like ʻole nā ​​ʻoihana like ʻole i ka nui o ke kaohi ʻana o ka mea ikaika ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lāʻau no ka hoʻopale ʻana i ka waha (bioavailability inā lawe ʻia nā papa retard he 15% haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe). Ma hope o kahi ka hoʻokele waha hoʻokahi o 400 mg o ka carbamazepine, ʻo 72% o ka nui i lawe ʻia ma loko o ka pāʻai a me ka 28% me nā feces. Ma kahi o 2% o kēiaʻano i lawe ʻia i loko o ka urine e like me ka carbamazepine i loli ʻole, ma kahi o 1% - e like me ka 10.11-epoxy metabolite. I loko o nā keiki, ma muli o ka lawe wikiwiki ʻana o ka carbamazepine, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kaha kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau i kēlā me kēia kilika o ke kino paona, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākeke. ʻAʻohe mea iʻike i ka loli o ka pharmacokinetics o ka hoʻololi o ka carbamazepine i nā maʻi maʻi makua (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio). Loaʻa nā ʻikepili ma ka pharmacokinetics o ka carbamazepine i nā mea maʻi me ka renal impaired a hepatic function.

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

Pono nā wahine hāpai i ka epilepsy e mālama nui ʻia.

Inā ʻae ʻia ka wahine e lawe ana i ka carbamazepine a i ʻole ke hoʻolālā ʻana i ka wā hapai, a inā he mea pono ke hoʻomaka e hoʻohana i ka carbamazepine i ka wā hāpai ʻia, pono e loiloi ʻia nā pono kūpono o ka lāʻau i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā mea pōmaikaʻi hiki, ma mua o ka ʻekolu mau mahina o ka hānau ʻana. Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻōkuhi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻia nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka plasma.

I ka wā hapai, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻōki ʻia kahi mālama antiepileptic maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka maʻi i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻohana e nā wahine hānai

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Carbamazepine i ka waiū umauma (ma kahi o 25 - 60% o ka nānā ʻana o ka plasma). Pono e loiloi ʻia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka umauma e kūʻē i ka hopena o ka hiki ʻana i nā hanana ʻino i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā makuahine e lawe ana i ka carbamazepine ka umauma inā mālama pono ʻia lākou i nā pēpē e hoʻomaopopo i nā hopena pōʻino (e.g.

Loaʻa ka hopena

ʻO ka hana mau i ke kuhi piliʻole he mau nalo i loko o kekahi mau lā, ʻelua a kūwaho a ma hope o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka manawa o ka hopena o ka lāʻau.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaehana nūnaehana waena: pinepine - ka-dizz, ka ataxia, ka hiamoe, nāwaliwali maʻamau, pinepine - he koʻi, ka paresis o ka noho ʻana, i kekahi manawa - he mau ʻano e komo ʻole ana (no ka mea, nā weliweli, "kuʻi" "kuʻi - asterixis, dystonia, tics), nystagmus, lobe, orofacial dyskinesia, gangguan oculomotor, ʻeha hopohopo (e.g., dysarthria a i ʻole slurred e haʻi aku ai), pilikia choreoathetoid, peripheral neuritis, paresthesias, nāwaliwali o ka naʻau a me nā hōʻailona paresis.

Mai kahi kuhi noʻonoʻo: paʻakikī - ʻano hoʻokūkū (ʻike a ʻike paha), ʻeha, mehaʻahaʻanā makemake, ka hopohopo, ke ʻano kūwaha, ke kuʻuna, ka disorient, i ka liʻiliʻi loa - hoʻōla i ka psychosis.

Heʻano alerine: pinepine - ka urticaria, i kekahi manawa - erythroderma, i ka hanana - like me ka lupus-like syndrome, ka ʻeha o ka ʻili, ʻoi loa - he erythema a me ka maʻi multiforme (me ke ʻano o Stevens-Johnson syndrome), nā necrolysis epidermal huʻala (Lyell syndrome), photosensitivity. Kekahi, ʻano hāmeʻa lohi-ʻano pāʻālua ʻaʻai me ka maʻi ʻana, ka ʻūhū ʻili, ka vasculitis (me ka erythema nodosum, he hōʻike no ka vasculitis ʻula), lymphadenopathy, nā hōʻailona e like me ka lymphoma, arthralgia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, hepatosplenomegaly, a me ka hana o ka ʻula a me nā hepatos. loaʻa nā hōʻikeʻike i nā hui like ʻole). Nā hui ʻē aʻe (e.g. baga, ʻōpū, pancreas, myocardium, colon) pili pū kekahi. Kēia luhi loa - nā meningitis aseptic me ka myoclonus a me ka eosinophilia peripheral, ka hopena anaphylactoid, angioedema, pneumonitis allergic a i ʻole poseios eosinophilic. Inā hele mai nā hopena kūlohelohe o luna, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻohana o ka lāʻau.

Hematopoietic o nā hanana: pinepine loa - leukopenia, pinepine - thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, jarang - leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, kakī ka waikawa folic, aneane loa - agranulocytosis, anemia aplastic, aplasia erythrocytic maoli, megaloblastic anemia, hoʻonaninika kūlohelohe. anemia

Mai ka papa hana ʻana: pinepine pinepine - kaila, ka luaʻi, pinepine - ka mālo maloʻo, i kekahi manawa - ʻo ke ʻano a i ʻole ka constipation, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ʻeha loa - glossitis, stomatitis, pancreatitis. Mai ka puʻuwai: pinepine pinepine - ka nui o ka hana o ka transferma gamma-glutamyl (ma muli o ka hoʻoili ʻana o kēia enzyme i ka puʻuwai), ka mea maʻamau ʻaʻole ia he mauʻike koʻikoʻi, pinepine - hoʻonui i ka hana o ka alkatine phosphatase, i kekahi manawa - he hoʻonui i ka hana o ka transaminases "hepatic", ʻaʻole maʻamau - hepatitis of cholestatic, parenchymal ( hepatocellular) a i ʻole nā ​​mea i hoʻopili ai, jaundice, aneane loa - granulomatous hepatitis, ka huhū palupalu.

Mai ke CCC: ʻeha - nā pilikia hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai, hōʻemi a hoʻonui ʻia paha ke kahe, ke loaʻa ʻole - bradycardia, arrhythmias, AV poloka me ka palupalu, hāʻule, hōʻemi a hoʻomohala ʻana paha i ka hana puʻuwai puʻuwai, e hoʻonui i ka maʻi ʻeha coronary (e komo pū ana a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka angina) , ka maʻi thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic syndrome.

Mai ka ʻoihana endocrine a me ka metabolism: pinepine - edema, kaohi ʻana o ka wai, hōʻemi ke kaupaona, hyponatremia (hoʻoliʻi ka osmolarity plasma ma muli o kahi hopena e like me ADH, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi e alakaʻi i ka dilon hyponatremia, i hele pū me ka lethargy, ka luaʻi, ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha. a me nā maʻi neʻe ʻana o ka neurological), ʻano liʻiliʻi loa - ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae prolactin (hiki i ka hala me ka galactorrhea a me ka gynecomastia), kahi hōʻemi i ka pae o L-thyroxine (manuahi T4, T4, TK) a me ka hoʻonui ʻana ma ka pae TSH (ʻaʻole i hele pū me ia Au lapaʻau hoike ana), ka haunaele o ka kalipuna, a phosphorus pūnao ma ka iwi'aʻaʻa (ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka lehulehu o Ca2 + a me ka 25-OH-cholecalciferol i loko o ke koko wai koko): osteomalacia, kiʻekiʻe naʻokoko (me HDL naʻokoko) a me ka hypertriglyceridemia.

Mai ka pūnaehana genitourinary: loa loa - neʻone interstitial nephritis, pilikia ʻole, hana ʻole i nā māla (e.g., albuminuria, hematuria, oliguria, hoʻonui urea / azotemia), hoʻonui nui urination, urinary retention, emi potency. Mai ka ʻōnaehana musculoskeletal: loa loa - arthralgia, myalgia a i ʻole nā ​​mākau. Mai nā papa kuʻuna: paʻakikī loa - nā pilikia i ka ʻono, ke uhi ʻana o ka manamana, conjunctivitis, nā hewa hoʻomaikaʻi, a me nā hua tinnitus, hyperacusis, hypoacusia, hoʻololi i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka pitch.

ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe: nā pilikia o ka pigmentation o ke kino, purpura, 'ōkuhi, ka holoʻana, alopecia.

Nā hiʻohiʻona noi

He makahiki a hiki i 5 mau makahiki: ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lālia Carbamazepine-200-Maxpharma Retard.

Hoʻomaopopo i ka hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi kaʻa a hana pū me nā neʻe ʻana

I ka wā mālama, pono ia e kaohi ma ke komo ʻana i nā hana hiki i ka mea pōʻino e pono ai ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka manaʻo a me ka wikiwiki o nā hopena psychomotor.

ʻO nā mea mālama palekana

ʻO ka Carbamazepine kahi hana anticholinergic nāwaliwali, i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā poʻe maʻi me ka piʻi o ka intraocular koʻikoʻi, pono ia e mālama mau.nnakāohi th. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōpū e nānā pono ai, e noʻonoʻo pono ai i nā mea maʻi, a i nā mea maʻi maʻi, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka haki. I kēia manawa, aia nā hōʻike kūʻokoʻa o ka male male male poepoe a me / a i ʻole nā ​​mea nānā spermatogenesis (ʻaʻole i hoʻokū ʻia ka pilina o kēia mau hōʻeha me nā carbamazepine). Aia nā hōʻike o ke koko i waena o nā kāne ma waena o ke kāne neʻe i nā hihia i hoʻohana ʻia ai nā contraceptive waha. Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hoʻopilikia i ka hilinaʻi o nā ʻōpū ʻawaʻawa, no laila, ʻo nā wahine o nā keiki hānau keiki pono ʻana e hāʻawi ʻia i nā ala hou o ka hānau hānau i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo Carbamazepine ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi maʻi.

A ʻoi ʻia e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ethanol.

ʻO Agranulocytosis a me ka anemia aplasic e pili ana me ka carbamazepine, eia naʻe, ma muli o ka mea i haʻahaʻa loa i kēia mau kūlana, paʻakikī ke koho i ke kiko kikoʻī o ka hopena no ka carbamazepine. ʻO ka huina holo nui i ka heluna heluna ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka helu he 4.7 mau kānaka i hoʻokahi miliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka agranulocytosis a me nā kānaka 2.0 no kēlā me kēia miliona no ka maʻi āpau.

Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka lōʻihi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, i ka pō.

Hoʻomaka ka Monotherapy o ka epilepsy i ke koho ʻana i nā dosis liʻiliʻi, hoʻonui ʻia iā lākou e hoʻokō i ka hopena therapeutic makemake.

Hiki i ka hoʻopoʻaka koke ʻana i nā waiwai o ka carbamazepine e hiki ke hoʻowalewale i ka makehewa epileptic. Inā pono e hoʻokuʻi koke i ka hoʻōla ʻana, pono e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea maʻi i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau antiepileptic ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia hihia (no ka laʻana, ka lawelawe ʻana o ka shezepam intravenously a i ʻole, i ka lawelawe ʻana o ka phenytoin ma loko o intravenously). Nui nā hanana i ka hoʻomau, ke nānā ʻana a me / a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mea ʻai, nā koi a me / a i ʻole ka hanu i loko o nā pēpē hou a ko lāua mau māmā i lawe ai i ka carbamazepine e hui pū me nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe (aia paha kēia mau kūmua he hōʻike na ka haʻalele kapa ʻana i nā pēpē.

Pono e hoʻoneʻe koke ʻia ka Carbamazepine inā ʻike ʻia nā maʻi hypersensitivity a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona, ​​e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson a i ʻole kahi maʻi o Lyell. ʻO ka hoʻonaninani a nā ʻili kino (neʻe iki ʻia a maculopapular exanthema paha) e nalowale i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole hebedoma paha, me ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana o ka mālama ʻia a ma hope paha o ka hōʻemi ʻana (e ʻike pono ʻia ka mea maʻi e ke kauka i kēia manawa).

Ma nā mea kūpono ʻole e like me ka maʻi, ka ʻehaʻeha, ʻeha, ulceration o ka wahaosa waha, i ʻole ʻike nui ʻia o ka bruises, ka ʻōpī ʻana i ke ʻano o ka petechiae a purpura, pono e kūkā koke i kahi kauka.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻōla, a me ka manawa i ka wā mālama ʻia, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hoʻokaʻau koko lapaʻau, me ka helu ʻana i ka helu o nā platelets a i ʻole reticulocytes, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pae o ka hao ma ka serum koko. ʻAʻole pono ka holomua asymptomatic leukopenia o ka haʻalele ʻana, eia naʻe, pono ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano inā loaʻa ka leukopenia holomua a leukopenia holomua, i hele pū ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi o kahi maʻi maʻi. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, e noʻonoʻo ʻia e hoʻokō i kahi hoʻokolokolo ophthalmological, me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka waihona kālā me ka kukui o ke aena a me ke ana paha o ka paʻu intraocular inā pono. Ma ka hihia o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi me ka piʻi ʻana o ka intraocular hoʻonui, e koi ʻia ka kiaʻi mau ʻana i kēia mākaukau. Ua hōʻike ʻia ua pili pū ka HLA-B * 1502 allele i ka poʻe o ka poʻe Kina a me Thai ʻohana e pili pū ana i ka hopena o ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson (SJS) i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me ka carbamazepine. I ka manawa hiki, ʻike pono ʻia kēlā mau maʻi no ka neʻe ʻana o kēia alelē ma mua o ka mālama ʻana me ka carbamazepine. Ma ka hihia o kahi hopena hoʻokolohua maikaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka carbamazepine, ke ʻole inā ʻaʻohe ala e pono ai ke ʻano o ka lapaʻau. I nā maʻi i manaʻo ʻia he hewa no ka hiki ʻana o HLA-B * 1502, ua liʻiliʻi ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson pēlā, ʻoiai ke ʻano naʻe ka hanana like ʻole o ka hopena like ʻole, akā hiki ke hoʻomohala. Ma muli o ka nele o nā ʻikepili, ʻaʻole maopopo loa ia no ka mea e pili ana ka poʻe āpau o Asia Hema ma ka hemahema o kēlā ʻano ʻano. Ua hōʻike ʻia ua pili ʻole ka HLA-B * 1502 allele me ka maʻi maʻi o Stevens-Johnson i nā maʻi maʻi keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole ka wānana o ka HLA-B * 1502 allele i ka hōʻeha o ka hopena kino ʻeha o ka pona o ka carbamazepine, e like me ka hypersensitivity syndrome i ka anticonvulsants a i ʻole kahi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi (maculopapular rash).

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

Lapaʻau lāʻau
ʻO ka lāʻau antiepileptic, derivative dibenzazepine. Me ka hopena antiepileptic, loaʻa ka hopena i ka hopena neurotropic a me ka psychotropic.

ʻO ke ʻano o nā hana a nā kāpena o ka carbamazepine i kēia manawa i wehewehe wale ʻia. Hoʻomake ʻo Carbamazepine i nā membrane o nā neurons overexcited, kāpae i nā hoʻokuʻu waikila o nā neurons a hōʻemi i ka hoʻowaliwua ʻia o ka synaptic o nā pulesa hoihoi.Eia paha, ka hana nui o ka hana o ka carbamazepine i mea e pale ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mana kūpono e pākuʻi ʻia o ka sodium e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā neurons i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma muli o ka blockade o nā kahe sodium-gated open.

Ma ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi monotherapy i nā maʻi me ka epilepsy (maʻa mau i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio), ua ʻike ʻia kahi hopena psychotropic o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi hopena maikaʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka irritability a me ka uluʻana. ʻAʻohe data ʻike ʻole e pili ana i ka hopena o ka lāʻau ma ka hana cognitive a me ka psychomotor: i kekahi mau noiʻi, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hopena a i ʻole ka hopena, ka mea i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ka hopena o ka lāʻau;

E like me ka mea hoʻoponopono neurotropic, maikaʻi ka lāʻau i nā nui o ka maʻi neʻe. No laila, no ka laʻana, me ka idiopathic a me ka neuralgia trigeminal trigeminal, pale ʻo ia i ke ʻano o nā hōʻeha ʻeha paroxysmal.

I ka hihia o ka hoʻoneʻeʻana i ka waiʻona, hoʻāla ka lāʻau i ka paepae o ka mākaukau paʻa, kahi i hōʻemi ʻia ai kēia ʻano, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā mānoanoa o nā hōʻike hou ʻana o ka maʻi, e like me ka nui o ka irritability, pīhoihoi, a me nā hana ʻoi.

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi insipidus maʻi, hōʻemi ka lāʻau i ka diuresis a me ka makewai.

Ma ke kumuhana he psychotropic, maikaʻi ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hopena hoʻopalapula, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana manic, a me ke kākoʻo ʻana o nā maʻi bipolar (manic-depressive) pilikia (e like me ka monotherapy a me ka hoʻohui pū me nā antipsychotics, antidepressants a i nā mea hoʻohana lithium). nā kuʻi ʻana o ka psychosis schizoaffective, me ka hamani manic, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai e hui pū me ka antipsychotics, a me ka manic-depressive psychosis me nā pōkole wikiwiki.

ʻO ka hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoki i nā hōʻike manic e pili paha i ka pale ʻana o ke hoʻololi ʻana o ka dopamine a me norepinephrine.

Lapaʻau lāʻau
Hoʻopau
Ma hope o ka hoʻopale ʻana i ka waha, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka carbamazepine i kahi kokoke loa, ke hele mālie nei ka hoʻoulu ʻana (ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia ka ʻai i ka ʻai a me ka pae o ka absorption). Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha (i ʻole a i ʻole hoʻokau) i nā papa i hoʻokuʻu-hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ka nui o ka plasma kiʻekiʻe (C_max) ua loaʻa i loko o nā hola 24, ʻoi aku kona waiwai ma kahi o 25% mau liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hihia o ka lawe ʻana i kahi papa maʻamau. Ke lawe nei i nā papa o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka lōʻihi, ke kaohi ʻana o nā fluctuations i loko o ke kaohao o ka carbamazepine i loko o ka plasma, ʻoiai ʻaʻole he nui o ka emi ʻana o ke koina o ka neʻe o ka epa. Ke lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o nā papa paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia 2 mau manawa i ka lā, hiki i ka hakakā ʻana o ka manaʻo o ka hana ikaika i ka plasma.

ʻO ka bioavailability o nā mea ikaika mai nā papa hoʻoiho mau ʻia e like me 15% haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā ʻano hana no ka waha o ka nui o ka carbamazepine.

Loaʻa ka hoʻohālikelike o ka plasma kūkuʻu o ka carbonamaamaepae ma hope o 1-2 mau pule. ʻO ka manawa o kona hoʻokō ʻana he kanaka hoʻokahi a hilinaʻi ia i ka degere o ka auto-induction o nā pehu enzim system by carbamazepine, hetero-induction e nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana pū ʻia, me ka noho ʻana o ka mea maʻi ma mua o ka manawa i koho ʻia ai e pili ana i ka lāʻau, ke ʻano o ka lāʻau a me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana. ʻO nā mea nui interindividual o nā waiwai o nā kūlike o ka epa i loko o ka laulā therapeutic i nānā ʻia: ma ka hapa nui o nā mea maʻi, ʻo kēia mau huahelu mai ka 4 a 12 μg / ml (17-50 μmol / l).

Kahele
Hoʻolaha i nā protein o ka plasma i nā keiki - 55-59%, i nā pākeke - 70-80%. ʻO ka ʻike ākea o ka hoʻoili he 0.8-1.9 l / kg. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kukuna i loko o ka wai a me nā lawaiʻa cerebrospinal, kahi mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nui o nā mea kaha a me nā protein (20-30%).Penetrates ma o ka paepae placental. ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka waiū umauma he 25-60% o kēlā me ka plasma.

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻopili piha ʻana o ka carbamazepine, ʻo ka ʻike ākea ka ʻike he 0.8-1.9 l / kg.

Hāpai
Hoʻomili ka Carbamazepine i loko o ka pulu. ʻO ke ala nui o ka biotransformation ke ala epoxydiol, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā metabolites nui: ka 10.11-transdiol derivative a me kāna konohiki me ka glucoseur acid. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide i ka carbamazepine-10,11-transdiol i ke kino o ke kanaka me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microsomap enzyme epoxide hydrolase.

ʻO ke kūlike o ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (pharmacologically active metabolite) ma kahi o 30% o ke kūlike o ka carbamazepine i ka plasma.

ʻO ka isoenzyme nui e hāʻawi ana i ka biotransformation o ka carbamazepine i ka carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide ka cytochrome P450 ZA4. Ma muli o kēia mau pane metabola, ua hana pū ʻia kekahi nui o ka metabolite - 9-hydroxymethyl-10-carbamoylacridane.

ʻO kahi ala hou o ka hana metabolila o ka carbamazepine ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano derivatives monohydroxylated, a me N-glucuronides, ma lalo o ka mana o ka isoenzyme UGT2B7.

Leʻaleʻa
ʻO ka hapalua o ka ola o ka carbamazepine i loli ʻole ma hope o ke ʻano o ka lawelawe waha ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka 36 hola mau hola, a ma hope o nā minamina hou o ka lāʻau - ma ka hola 16-24 mau hola, e like me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana (ma muli o ka auto-induction o nā pūnaʻina o ka pūnaehana enzyme). I ka poʻe maʻi e lawe pū ana i nā lāʻau like ʻole e hoʻoikaika i nā huila o ka ate (no ka laʻana, phenytoin, phenobarbital), ʻo ke kinai o ka hapalua-ola o ka carbamazepine ma ka manawa he 9-10 mau hola. ʻO 2% o ka pane i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopiʻi ʻia e nā ʻōpū ma ke ʻano o ka carbamazepine i loli ʻole, ma kahi o ka 1% - i loko o kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e 10,11-epoxy metabolite. Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha hoʻokahi, 30% o ka carbamazepine e hoʻopiʻi ʻia i loko o ka urine ma ka ʻano o nā huahana hope o ke ala o ka epoxydiol.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pharmacokinetics i kēlā me kēia hui hoʻomanawanui
I nā keiki, ma muli o ka lawe wikiwiki ʻana o ka carbamazepine, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaha kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kilokileka o ke kaumaha o ke kino, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākeke.

ʻAʻohe mea iʻike i ka loli o ka pharmacokinetics o ka hoʻololi o ka carbamazepine i nā maʻi maʻi makua (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio).

ʻAʻole ʻike nā ʻikepili ma ka pharmacokinetics o ka carbamazepine i nā mea maʻi me ka renal impaired a i ʻole hepatic function.

Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a i ka wā o ka umauma.

Hoʻopili koke ʻo Carbamazepine i ka placenta a hana i ka piʻi pinepine ʻana i ka pūpū a me nā lolo o ka pūpū.

ʻO ka mālama pinepine ʻana i ka neʻe o ka waiwai ikaika i ka plasma koko, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo EEG.

I ka wā e loaʻa ai ka hapai, pono e hoʻohālikelike i ka pono o ka lapaʻau ʻia a me nā hoʻopiʻi hiki paha, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka trimester mua o ka hāpai ʻana.

Ua ʻike ʻia na keiki o nā makuahine e loaʻa ana i ka epilepsy i predisposed i ka ulu ulu ʻana o ka hana hōʻeuʻeu a me ke kino, me ka malformations. Hiki i ka Carbamazepine ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o kēia mau pilikia. Aia kekahi hōʻike kūʻokoʻa o nā hihia o nā maʻi a me nā malformations, e komo me ka pani ʻole ʻana o nā arai vertebral (spina bifida) a me nā mea hou aku paha: mau hemahema i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hana craniofacial, cardiovascular a me nā polokalamu kino, nā hypospadias.

Wahi a ka rehitina Hōʻī ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hewa maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻana o nā hana e koi ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha paha, i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā hebedoma 12 ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻo 3.0% i waena o nā wahine hāpai e lawe ana i ka carbamazepine e like me ka monotherapy o ka ma ka hoʻomaʻama mua. 1.1% ma waena o nā wahine hāpai i lawe ʻole i nā lāʻau antiepileptic.

Pono e mālama ʻia i nā lāliʻi a me nā ʻōmole wahine a me nā ʻōmole wahine. Pono nā Carbamazepine retard-Akrikhin e hoʻohana pono ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻānai loa. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka mālamaʻana i ke kāʻei o ka waiwai ikaika i ka plasma koko.Ma ka hihia o ka hoʻomanawanui anticonvulsant, pono ka wahine hāpai i mālama i ka liʻiliʻi o ka carbamazepine i loko o ke kaila koko (therapeutic range 4-12 /g / ml), ʻoiai, aia nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hopena e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka malenations congenital (ma ka laʻana, ʻo ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka maʻi maʻamau i ka wā e hoʻohana ana i ka hopena ma lalo o 400 mg ma kahi o kēlā me kēia lā ma mua me nā haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe).

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā mea maʻi e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia o ka hōʻino ʻana a me ka pono, e pili ana kēia, no ka maʻi antenatal.

I ka wā hāpai ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻōla ʻia ka mālama antiepileptic maikaʻi loa, no ka mea me ka hoʻomohala ʻia o ka maʻi hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē.

Hoʻonui ka lāʻau antiepileptic i ka nele o ka folic acid, i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka wā hāpai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hānau ʻana o ka hānau ʻana i nā keiki, no laila, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka waikawa folic e ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua o ka wahine i hoʻolālā ʻia a i ka wā hāpai. I mea e pale ai i nā hoʻopiʻi hemorrhagic i nā mea hou, ua ʻōlelo ʻia i nā wahine i nā mau pule hope o ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, me nā pēpē hou,

Ua hōʻike ʻia he mau hihia o ka hopu epileptic a me / a i ʻole ka hanu i ka poʻe hānau hou i lawe a nā makuahine i ka lāʻau i ka manawa like pū me nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hihia o ka luaʻi, nā maʻi a me nā maʻi maikaʻi ʻole i nā pēpē hou i loaʻa i ka mau momama ʻo carbamazepine. Ma muli paha o kēia mau ʻano hōʻike e hōʻike ai i ka huki hou i ka pēpē.

Hele ʻo Carbamazepine i ka waiū umauma, ʻo ka ʻike i loko o ia mea he 25-60% o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i loko o ke koko koko, no laila ʻo nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hopena kūpono ʻole o ka umauma e pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kīhāpai o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hana. Me ka umauma hoʻomau i ka wā e lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hoʻokumu i ka nānā ʻana no ke keiki e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hopena ʻino (ʻoi aku ka hoʻohuhōlohi, hoʻohālikelike nui ʻia, ʻano loea. I nā keiki i loaʻa i ka carbamazepine antenatally a i ʻole me ka waiū umauma, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka hepatitis cholestatic, a no laila, pono e nānā ʻia nā keiki like i mea e hōʻike ai i nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka ʻōnaehana hepatobiliary.

Pono e hōʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi o ka wā hānau keiki e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ke kūleʻa o nā aelike waha i ka wā e hoʻohana ana i ka carbamazepine.