Hypothiazide: nā ʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia

I kēiaʻatikala, hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu i nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻO ka Hypothiazide. ^ E Ha yM. Hāʻawi i ka hoihoi mai ka poʻe kipa i ka pūnaewele - nā mea kūʻai o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā manaʻo o nā loea lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Hypothiazide i kā lākou hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻO kahi noi nui ke hoʻoikaika ikaika i kāu mau loiloi e pili ana i ka diuretic: ua kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻole paha i kōkua i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka maʻi, nā mea hoʻopiʻi a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ua ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole paha i hoʻolaha ʻia e ka mea hana ma ka annotation. ʻO nā analogues Hypothiazide ma ke alo o nā mea hoʻohālike hoʻonohonoho i loaʻa. Hoʻohana no ka mālama ʻana i ka hypertension arterial a me ka edematous syndrome i nā pākeke, nā keiki, me ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation.

ʻO ka Hypothiazide - diuretic (diuretic). ʻO ka papa hana mua o ka hana o ka diuret thiazide o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka diuresis ma ka pale ʻana i ka reabsorption o ka sodium a me nā kūlena waiwa i ka wahi mua o nā tubula māla. Hoʻopuka kēia i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka sodium a me ka chlorine a, no laila, ka wai. Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā electrolytes ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka paʻakai a me ka magnesium. I ka nui o nā wai lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka diuretic / natriuretic o nā thiazides a pau.

Noho ka Natriuresis a me diuresis i loko o 2 mau hola a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka hola 4 hola.

Hoʻololi ʻia hoʻi nā Thiazides i ka hana o ka anhydrase carbonate ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakui o nā bicarbonate ions, akā hiki i ka hopena maʻa iki a ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka pH o ka urine.

ʻO Hydrochlorothiazide (ka mea hana ikaika o ka lāʻau Hypothiazide) he mau mea antihypertensive. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ka Thiazide diuretics i ke kahe koko maʻamau.

Hōʻike

ʻO Hydrochlorothiazide + nā mea hoʻonani.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

ʻAʻohe hoʻopili ʻo Hypothiazide, akā ke hoʻopili koke ʻia mai ka papalulu. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia hopena no nā hola 6-12. Ua hele ʻo Hydrochlorothiazide i ka lāʻau placental a hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka waiū umauma. ʻO ke ala nui o ka hana hana e ke keiki (filtration a me ka honi ʻia) i kahi ʻano i loli ʻole.

Nā Hōʻike

• hypertension arterial (no ka monotherapy a me ka hoʻohui pū me nā lāʻau antihypertensive),
• edema syndrome o nā ʻano o nā kumu mua (ke ake ʻole o ka naʻau, nephrotic syndrome, premenstrual tension syndrome, glomerulonephritis aʻalopō, keʻa ʻole o ka pilikia, portal hypertension, hana me ka corticosteroids),
• ka hoʻomaloʻo o polyuria, ʻoi loa me ka nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,
• ka pale ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pōhaku i loko o ka wahi o ka urinary i nā mea maʻi papau (hoʻemi i ka hypercalciuria).

E hoʻokuʻu i nā palapala

Nā Papa 25 mg a me 100 mg.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana a me ka helu ʻana

Pono ke koho o ka huapalapala. Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ua hoʻokū ʻia ka palena ʻoi liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO ka lāʻau ʻona pono e lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana.

Me ka hypertension arterial, ʻo ka maʻi mua ma mua o 25-50 mg i kēlā me kēia lā, ma ke ʻano o ka monotherapy a i hui pū ʻia me nā mea hana antihypertensive'ē aʻe. No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ua lawa kekahi wai maʻi o ka mua o 12,5 mg (ʻoiai he monotherapy a me nā hui pū). Pono e hoʻohana i ka lae lāʻau liʻiliʻi loa, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Ke hoʻohui i ka hypothiazide me nā lāʻau lapaʻau antihypertensive ʻē aʻe, pono paha e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i ke kahe nui o ke kahe koko.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena antihypertensive ma loko o nā lā he 3-4, akā hiki paha i nā 3-4 mau wiki e hoʻokō ai i ka hopena maikaʻi loa. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau, hoʻomau ka hopena hypotensive no 1 pule.

Me ka sindem e edematous o nā ʻano hānau mua, ʻo ka hopena mua he 25-100 mg i hoʻokahi lā hoʻokahi a i ʻole 1 ka manawa i 2 mau lā. Mamuli o ka pane lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi ma ka 25-50 mg i hoʻokahi lā hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 2 mau lā. I kekahi mau pilikia koʻikoʻi, ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻōla, hiki ke koi i ka nui o ka lāʻau no ka 200 mg i kēlā me kēia lā.

Me ka maʻi hoʻowahāwahā premenstrual, ʻōlelo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi o 25 mg i kēlā me kēia lā a hoʻohana ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kāne.

Me ka insipidus diabetes nephrogenic, ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o 50-150 mg i ʻōlelo ʻia (i kekahi mau inika).

Ma muli o ka nui o ka nalowale o ka paʻakai a me nā paʻakai magnesium i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka hopena diuretic o ka hydrochlorothiazide ke kuleana no ka blockade pololei o ka reabsorption o Na + a me SG i nā pā mamao mamao. Ma lalo o kāna hoʻomohala ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻopā ʻana o Na + a me SG a, ma muli o kēia, ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka wai, a me ka pālekaʻa a me ka magnesium. Hoʻololi ka hopena o ka diuretic o ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka nui o ka kaila plasma i hoʻonui ʻia, hoʻonui i ka hana o ka plasma renin, hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ald testosterone, ma muli o ka huakaʻi o ka pāhana a me ka bicarbonate i ka pāʻai a hoʻonui a hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka paʻakai i ka serum. Hoʻopili ʻo Angiotensin-P i ka paʻa renin-ald testosterone, no laila, ka hoʻohui hoʻohui ʻana o ka antagonist angiotensin-P receptor hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka hoʻōla pālahalaha pauku e pili ana me kahi diuretic thiazide.

He hopena palupalu a ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka carbonic anhydrase, i ke ʻano liʻiliʻi, e hoʻonui ai i ka mea huna o ka bicarbonate, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe ʻano nui o ka urine pH.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Hoʻohui maikaʻi loa ka Hydrochlorothiazide ma hope o ka hoʻopale waha, kona hopena diuretic a me ka natriuretic i loko o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana a hiki i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka hola 4 hola. E mau ana kēia hana no 6-12

Kuhi ʻia ma nā ʻuhane o ke ʻano i loli ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka hapalua-ola no nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana maʻamau maʻamau ʻo 6.4 mau hola, no nā mea maʻi me ka hikiʻole i ka renal moderate - 11.5 hola, a no ka pōkole nui o ka renaline me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana ma lalo o 30 ml / min. - 20.7 hola. ʻO Hydrochlorothiazide ke kāpae i ka pale o ka placental a hoʻopiʻi ʻia i loko o ka waiū umauma ma kahi liʻiliʻi.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

• Hypertension (i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā - i ke ʻano o ka monotherapy, a me ka hoʻohui pū me nā lāʻau antihypertensive).

• Edema o cardiac, hepatic a renal etiology, premenstrual edema, edema me ka pharmacotherapy, e like me corticosteroid.

• Me ka insipidus maʻi nephrogen e hōʻemi i ka polyuria (hopena paradoxical)

• E hōʻemi i ka hypercalciuria.

Nā Hoʻohui

• Hypersensitivity i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i nā sulfonamides paha

• ka renal koʻikoʻi (ʻo ka hana ma kahi hana ma lalo o 30 ml / min) a i ʻole ka palupalu o ka ate

• pale i ka therapy hypokalemia or hypercalcemia

• Hōʻū ka hyperuricemia (gout)

ʻAʻole kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki.

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

Loaʻa ka ʻike me ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka wā hapai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka trimester mua. ʻAʻole lawa nā ʻike i loaʻa i nā hoʻokau holoholona. Hoʻopaʻa ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka papale placental. Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka hydrochlorothiazide i ka trimester lua a me ke kolu, ʻo ia (ma muli o kāna hana pharmacological) hiki ke hōʻeha i ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka fetoplacental a me ka hana ʻana o ka maʻalea o ka fetus a i kāu keiki hou, electrolyte imbalance a me thrombocytopenia.

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka wā hapai e mālama i ka edema, hypertension a i ka preeclampsia paha, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ka maʻi, e hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻēmi ʻana o ka nui o ka plasma a me ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka ʻōpū a me ka plenta.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻo Hydrochlorothiazide e mālama i ka hypertension koʻikoʻi i nā wahine hāpai, koe wale nō nā hihia ʻē aʻe inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana nā papa Hydrochlorothiazide i ka wā hāpai - hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻia.

Hy Hychlorothiazide i loko o ka waiū wai; ke hoʻohana ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā o ka ʻōpū. Inā hiki ʻole kona hoʻohana ʻana, pono e hoʻōki ʻia ka umauma.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Pono ke koho pono ʻia ka nui o ka dosage a koi aku i ka nānā kiaʻi mau ʻana. Ma muli o ka nui o ka nalowale o ka pāhana paʻakai a me ka magnesium i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana (hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka pae o ka serum potolo ma lalo o 3.0 mmol / l), pono i loaʻa ka paʻakai pākela a me nā konohona. Pono e mālama pono i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi me ka hōʻeha o ka naʻau, nā mea maʻi me ka hana i ʻole ke ahulau, a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka hana ʻoisis goscoside. Pono e lawe ʻia nā papa ma hope o ka papaʻaina.

E like me ka mea hoʻopuka antihypertensive, ka laʻi maʻamau maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā he 25-100 mg i hoʻokahi pāʻai, ma ke ʻano o ka monotherapy a i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau antihypertensive ʻē aʻe. No kekahi mau mea maʻi, ua lawa ka wai o mua o ka 12.5 mg, ma ke ʻano o ka monotherapy a me ka hui pū ʻana. Pono e noi i kahi liʻiliʻi hōʻemi haʻahaʻa ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā hui pū ʻia ka hypothiazide me nā lāʻau lapaʻau antihypertensive, ʻo ia paha e pono ke hōʻemi i nā palahalaha o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī e pale ai i kahi kahe nui o ke koko.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena antihypertensive ma loko o nā lā 3-4, akā naʻe, e hoʻokō ai i ka hopena maikaʻi loa, e hoʻomaka paha a hiki i ka 3-4 mau pule. Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hoʻomau ka hopena hypotensive a hiki i hoʻokahi pule.

I ka malama ana o ka edema o ka laila hoʻomaka mua he 25-100 mg o ka lāʻau i hoʻokahi manawa i hoʻokahi lā a i hoʻokahi lā i kēlā me kēia lā ʻelua. Wahi a ka pane lapaʻau, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka 2550 mg i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā a i hoʻokahi manawa paha i kēlā me kēia lā ʻelua. I kekahi mau pilikia koʻikoʻi, e koi paha nā helu mua a hiki i 200 mg i kēlā me kēia lā.

I loko o ka edema premenstrual, ʻo ka nui maʻamau kaʻai o 25 mg i kēlā me kēia lā a hoʻohana ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā menstruation.

Me ka insipidus maʻi nephrogenic Manaʻo ʻia ka mahele maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o 50-150 mg (i kekahi mau doses).

Pono e hoʻokumu i nā maʻi ma muli o ke kaumaha o ke keiki. ʻO nā dedi maʻamau maʻamau maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā, 1-2 mg / kg o ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino a i ka 30-60 mg no ka palena pākahi o ka ʻōpū o ke kino, e kau ʻia ma hoʻokahi lā. ʻO ka huina o kēlā me kēia lā no nā keiki o 6 a 12 paha makahiki he 37.5-100 mg i ka lā.

Ke keu

Kāhea koke aku i kāu kauka a i kahi keʻena pilikia paha inā inā luhi!

Ka ʻike nui loa ʻana o ka make ʻana o ka hydrochlorothiazide, ka nalowale o ka wai a me nā electrolytes, i haʻi ʻia i loko o nā hōʻailona me nā hōʻailonaʻelima:

Cardiovascular: Tachycardia, hypotension, pāhoihoi

Neuromuscular: nāwaliwali, haunaele, ka dizz a me ka ʻōpū o ka hoowalewale, paresthesia, ʻike i ka hopohopo.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili: ka lua, ka luaʻi, ka makewai,

Renal: polyuria, oliguria a anuria paha.

Nā hōʻailona hana o ka lab Laboratory - hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, alkalosis, piʻi i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka haukaʻe i loko o ke koko (ʻoi aku paha i nā mea maʻi me ka maikaʻi o ka renal).

Hana maʻi overdose: Antidote kikoʻawa no ka hoʻohāinu

Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka luaʻi, kaʻaila gastric hiki ke lilo i ala no ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka lāʻau ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i carbon carbon. Ma kahi o ka hypotension a i ʻole ka pīhoihoi, e uku ʻia ka nui o ke kaila o ka plasma a me nā electrolytes (potassium, sodium, magnesium).

ʻO ka kaulike wai-electrolyte (ʻoi aku ka pae o ka serum potassium) a me ka hana o ka keiki ke nānā pono ʻia a hiki i ka hoʻokau ʻana o nā waiwai maʻamau.

Hoʻopili pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe

E maopopo e mālama i kāu mea mālama olakino e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, ʻoiai inā e kau ʻia ma kahi hihia.

Malia paha o ka pilina ma waena o ka diuret thiazide a me nā lāʻau aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana i kā lākou manawa.

ʻAkohola, barbiturates, anesthetics a me nā antidepressants:

E hoʻoikaika paha i ka hypotension orthostatic.

Nā mea antidiabetic (waha a me ka insulin):

Hiki i ka mālamaʻana Thiazide ke emi iki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau hypoglycemic. Pono e hoʻohana ʻo Metformin me ka akahele no ka hopena o ka hopena o ka acidosis lactic ma muli o ka hiki ke hana ʻole i ka hana me ka hydrochlorothiazide.

ʻO nā kumuhana antihypertensive ʻē aʻe:

Pahuʻula a Colestramine a me colestipol:

Ma ke ʻano o nā resins exchange anion, paʻa ka ʻaihue ʻana o ka hydrochlorothiazide mai ka ʻōpū o ka digestive. ʻO kahi helu hoʻokahi o ka colestyramine a i ʻole ka colestipole resins e hoʻopaʻa i ka hydrochlorothiazide a hōʻemi i kona komoʻana i ka gastric tract, ma hope, i ka 85% a me 43%.

Nā mea hana nīpē (e.g. adrenaline):

He mea hiki ke nawaliwali a ka hana o nā pēpē, akā, ʻaʻole i hiki ke pale ʻia i kā lākou hoʻohana.

Non-depolarizing relaxants muscle (e.g. tubocurarine):

Māhuahua ka hopena hoʻomaha ʻili o ka iwi.

Hoʻopau i nā diuretics ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi o ka lithium a hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hopena o nā hopena o ka lithium. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia kā lākou hoʻohana hou ʻana. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ka gout (probenicid, sulfinpyrazone a me allopurinol):

Hiki ke koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā ʻaina uricosuric, no ka mea, e hoʻonui paha ka hydrochlorothiazide i nā pae waikona serum uric. Hiki ke koi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka probenicide a sulfinpyrazone paha. Hiki i ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana o thiazides ke hoʻonui i ka pane o ka hopena hypersensitivity i ka allopurinol.

Anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, biperiden):

Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka hiki o ka hana o ka gastrointestinal tract a me ka pae o ka hanu ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka bioavailability o ka diuretic o ka ʻano thiazide e hoʻonui.

Nā hui Cytotoxic (e. G. Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate):

Hiki i ka Thiazides ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waʻa a ka lāʻau cytotoxic a hoʻonui i kā lākou myelosuppressive hopena.

I ka hihia o nā salicylates kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka hydrochlorothiazide ke hoʻonui i ka hopena hopena o nā salicylates ma ka pūnaehana puni waena.

I kekahi mau hihia, ua hōʻike ʻia ka anemia hemolytic me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana me ka hydrochlorothiazide a me ka methyldopa.

ʻO ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana me ka cyclosporine e hoʻonui i ka hyperuricemia a me ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi e like me ka gout.

ʻO ka hypokalemia a hypomagnesemia i loaʻa e thiazide hiki ke hoʻopili i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka arrhythmias i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e nā digitalis.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā loli ma ka serum potassium:

Hoʻomaopopo iki ka manawa o ka nui o ka paʻakai serum a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi electrocardiogram inā hoʻohana ʻia nā hydrochlorothiazide me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i pā ʻia e nā loli ʻana i nā pilama serum potassium (no ka laʻana, ka glycosides digital a me nā antiarrhythmic drug), a me ka pilimaette-type tachycardia lāʻau (ventricular tachycardia) (me kekahi mau lāʻau antiarrhythmic) no ka mea, ʻo hypokalemia kahi mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka tachycardia e like me ka pirouette:

• nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiarrhythmic o ka papa 1a (no ka laʻana, ka quinidine, hydroquinidine, disopyramide),

• nā kaila III antiarrhythmic drug (eg, amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide, ibutilide),

• kekahi mau antipsychotics (no ka laʻana, thioridazine, chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, trifluoperazin, cyamemazine, sulpiride, sultopride, amisulpride, setiapride, pimozide, haloperidol, droperidol),

• nā lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me, bepridil, cisapride, diphemanil, erythromycin intravenous, halofantrine, misolastine, pentamidine, terfenadine, intravenous vincamine).

Hoʻonui ʻo Thiazide diuretics i ka pae o ka calcium serum ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka excretion. Inā aia kahi no ka koho ʻana i nā mākeke e hoʻopiha i ka ʻike o ka calcium, pono ia e kāohi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium ma ka serum a, me ia, e koho i kahi pôpē o ka calcium.

ʻO ka pilina ma waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hoʻokolohua hōʻoia: Ma muli o ka hopena i ka metabolism o ka calcium, hiki i ka thiazides ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā hopena o nā hōʻike hana parathyroid

Nā hiʻohiʻona noi

Pono e nānā a me ke nānā ʻana i ka maʻi lāʻau ma muli o ka pilikia o ka hyponatremia hōʻailona.

Iodine nā mea ʻokoʻa:

I ka hihia o ka dehydration i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka diuretics, ʻoi ka nui o ka hōʻemi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi renal e hoʻonui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā lāila iodine e pili ana i ka maʻi. Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka iodine, pono ia e hoʻohui hou i ke kahe i loko o ke kino o nā mea maʻi.

Amphotericin B (makua), corticosteroids, ACTH a me ka laxatives stimulant:

Hiki i ka Hydrochlorothiazide ke hoʻopili i ka palakole electrolyte, ʻo ka nui ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypokalemia.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

Ka puka ʻana: puni nā papa, pālahalaha, me kahi laina hoʻokaʻawale ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a me ke kahakaha ʻo "H" ma kekahi, keʻokeʻo a ʻehā paha hoʻi nā pua (20 mau p.

ʻO ka mea kanu e hoʻolaʻa ʻia me hydrochlorothiazide, kona ʻike ma 1 papa he 25 a 100 mg paha.

ʻO nā mea kōkua: gelatin, magnesium stearate, mais starch, talc, lactose monohydrate.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

ʻO ka hana mana o ka Hypothiazide ʻo ka thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide, ka hana nui o ka hana a ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka diuresis e ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka sodium a me nā kūlio chlorine ma ka hapa mua o ka puna renal. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka sodium, klorin, a ma muli iho, hoʻonui ʻia ka wai. Hoʻohui, ke ulu nei o ka excretion o nā electrolytes - potasiuma a me ka magnesium. ʻO ka hopena diuretic / natriuretic o nā thiazides āpau i ka wa i lawe ʻia aku ai i nā nui therapeutic loa, ua like like ia.

ʻO ka hana Natriuretic a me ka hopena diuretic e hana i 2 mau hola, e hōʻea i kahi pae kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka hola 4 hola.

ʻO ka diuretics Thiazide, ma ka hoʻohui, i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻonaninani o nā kaʻa bicarbonate e hōʻemi i ka hana o ke anicdrase carbonic, akā maʻamau ʻo kēia hopena i ka nāwaliwali ma ke ʻano o ka hopena, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka pH pine.

He waiwai antihypertensive ʻo Hydrochlorothiazide. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ka Thaizide diuretics i ke kahe koko maʻamau (BP).

Nā Hypothiazide, nā ʻōlelo e hoʻohana ai: ke ʻano a me ka helu ʻana

Lawe ʻia nā papa hypypiazide ma ke alo o kahi kī ʻana.

Koho ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. Ke kuhi nei i ke ʻano maʻi o ka mea maʻi, ke kauka nei ke kauka i ka palena liʻiliʻi loa o ka hypothiazide.

Hoʻopuka mua ʻia no nā pākeke.

• Edematous syndrome o nā etiologies o nā ʻano like ʻole: 25-100 mg 1 manawa i kēlā lā i kēia lā a i ʻole 1 manawa i 2 mau lā, i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi - 200 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Hāʻawi i nā hopena lapaʻau, hiki i ka hōʻemi i ka nui o ka 25-50 mg i hoʻokahi lā hoʻokahi a i hoʻokahi manawa paha 2 mau lā,
• Syndrome o ka pīhoihoi premenstrual: 25 mg hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, e hoʻomaka ana ka hoʻokele mai ka manawa i ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kāne.
• Hypertension Arterial (hui pū a me ka monotherapy): 25-50 mg hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, no kekahi mau mea maʻi 12,5 mg ua lawa. Pono e ka palena o ka hopena haʻahaʻa ma mua o 100 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena therapeutic i loko o nā lā he 3-4, no ka hoʻopaʻa pono ʻana i ke kao o ke koko (BP) hiki iā ia i nā wiki he 3-4. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hypothiazide, i ka hopena hypotensive no 1 mau pule. I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ke kahe koko i ka wā o ka hoʻohui ʻana, pono paha ke hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o nā ʻaihue e ʻike ʻia.
• Insipidus maʻi diabetes neurodyxika: 50-150 mg pākahi i kēlā me kēia lā i nā papa he nui.

Hoʻomoe ʻia ka hala no ka hypypiazide no nā keiki i ka lawe ʻana i ka paona o ke keiki. ʻO ka maʻa lā o ka pediatric i kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o 1-2 mg no 1 kg o ka paona o ke keiki a i ʻole 30-60 mg no ka 1 mika square. kino kino 1 ka manawa i kēlā me kēia lā, no nā keiki mai 3 a 12 paha makahiki - 37.5-100 mg i kēlā me kēia lā.

Nā hopena hopena

Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hypothiazide i lalo i nā hopena hopena:

• Pūnaehana Digestive: anorexia, ʻeha a i ʻole constipation, cholecystitis, cholestatic jaundice, pancreatitis, sialadenitis,
• Metabolism: lethargy, confingness, lohi ana i ke kaʻina hana noʻonoʻo, convulsions, irritability, luhi, hōʻeha kino ma ke kāʻei o hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai e hōʻohi, ka waha maloʻo, make wai, nā ʻeha ʻole a nāwaliwali ʻole, nā loli i ka psyche a i ʻole ke ʻano, nā hōʻeha a me ka ʻehaʻeha o ka naʻau, loko o ka uha, hoʻopuka ma muli o ka alkalosis hypochloremic (ma ke ʻano, ka hypochloremic alkalosis hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha i ka encephalopathy hepatic a coma). ʻO Glycosuria, hyperuricemia me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi hoʻouka o ka gout. ʻO ka Hyperglycemia, kahi mea e hiki ai ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mellitus maʻi latent i mua. Hiki i ka lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻonui i nā lipum serum,
• Pūnaehana Cardiovascular: arrhythmia, vasculitis, orthostatic hypotension,
• Pūnaehana Hematopoietic: līpono loa - thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia,
• Pūnaehana maʻi: hoʻonaninani kuʻi pōkole, hōʻeha, hōʻeha, paresthesia,
• Pūnaehana urinary: interstitial nephritis, hana hoʻoluhi o ka pūpū,
• ʻO nā hopena alerika: urticaria, photosensitivity, necrotic vasculitis, purpura, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylactic reaksi a hiki i ka pīhoihoi. ʻO ka maʻi kaumaha, a me ka pneumonitis a me ka edema pulmonary non-cardiogenic,
• Nā mea'ē aʻe: i hōʻemi ʻia ka nui.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka papa holoʻokoʻa, pono ia e kāohi i nā hōʻailona lapaʻau o ka pale o ka hoʻōla wai-electrolyte, inā hoʻi i nā mea maʻi me ka hana o ka puʻuwai maʻi, nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.

Hoʻohana ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hypothiazide i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka paʻakai magnesium a me nā meakania potassium, no laila, ke ʻano like me ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana, pono nō e hana ʻia he hana e hoʻopau ai i ko lākou hemahema.

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, pono ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana o nā mea i hana ʻia; i ka wā o oliguria, pono e nīnau ʻia ka nīnau no ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hypothiazide.

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana aho o ka pōʻai ʻole, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā thiazides me ka akahele, no ka mea, ʻo nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ka pae wai-electrolyte a me ka pae serum ammonia e hiki ai i ka com hepatic coma.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lilo o ka hypothiazide i nā maʻi me ka coronary koʻikoʻi a me ka cerebral sclerosis e mālama pono.

Pono ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi lōʻihi no ka latent a me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana neʻe o ka pakano kalima a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hypoglycemic lāʻau.

ʻO ka loiloi mau loa o ke kūlana e pono ai i nā mea maʻi me ka metabolism uukū ʻehā o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi, ma nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi loli pathological i nā kūloko parathyroid.

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

Hōʻalo ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka pale pleka, a no laila ke pilikia me ka jaundice fetal / newborn, thrombocytopenia, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hypothiazide i ka mea hoʻomaʻama mua o ka hānau ʻana he contraindicated. Ma nā trimesters II - III, kauoha ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō inā pono, i ka wā e kiʻekiʻe ai ka pōmaikaʻi i ka makuahine i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi o ka pēpē.

ʻO ka Hydrochlorothiazide i waho i ka lactation me ka waiū umauma. Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻohana ia ia i kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e ho'ōki i ka umauma.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana

i kahi pōkole 20 pcs., ma kahi pahu pahu pepa 1 blister.

Nā ʻōkuhi Hypothiazide ®

hypertension arterial (i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka monotherapy a me ka hoʻohui pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau antihypertensive),

edema syndrome o nā ʻano o nā kumu mua (ke ake ʻole o ka naʻau, nephrotic syndrome, premenstrual syndrome, glomerulonephritis aʻalopona, maʻi ʻole aʻe, pale hypertension, hana me ka corticosteroids),

ka hoʻomaloʻo o polyuria, ʻoi loa me ka nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,

ka pale ʻana o ke kūkulu hou ʻana o nā pōhaku i ka pā genitourinary i nā maʻi maʻi hiki (hoʻemi i ka hypercalciuria).

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

Hoʻopaʻa ka Hydrochlorothiazide i ka papale placental. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau i ka trimester mua o ka hāpai. I ka II a me III o kahi mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka wā hapai, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō inā ke koi wikiwiki, i ka wā e nui ai ka pōmaikaʻi i ka makuahine i ka hiki ʻana i ka pūpū a me / a i ke keiki. Aia ka hopena o ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka jaundice o ka huaiki a i hānau hou, thrombocytopenia a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻāka ʻia ka lāʻau i ka waiū umauma, no laila, inā pono pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ka pale umauma.

ʻO ka Hypothiazide

ʻO Hypothiazide kahi lāʻau diuretic synthetic mai ka hui benzothiadiazine. ʻO ka hopena diuretic o ka hypothiazide ma muli o kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka klorine, nā paʻakai sodium i loko o nā tubal renal. Hoʻonui ka sodium excretion mai ke kino i ka lilo ʻana o ka wai. Ma muli o ka wehe ʻana o ka wai, hoʻēmi ka nui o ke kahe koko e kahe ana, a hiki i ka nui o ke kahe o ke koko (inā i hoʻokiʻu ʻia, ʻaʻole i emi ka ihe koko maʻamau). Hoʻonohonoho ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka excretion o potassium, bicarbonates a me nā magnesium ions ke kino, akā i ka liʻiliʻi.

Hoʻomaka ka hopena diuretic (diuretic) i 1-2 mau hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau, hōʻea i ka lōʻihi ma hope o 4 mau hola a lōʻihi i nā hola 6-12. ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana o ka hypothiazide ʻaʻole e hōʻemi i kāna hopena diuretic. Hoʻopili i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka paʻakai me ka meaʻai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena hypotensive o ka lāʻau.

Hoʻemi ka paila intraocular me Hypothiazide. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke keʻa i ka pale o ka placental. Hoʻopau i ka kuki a me ka waiū umauma. Me ka hanaʻole o ka renal, ua hoʻokuʻu lōlū ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka mea ikaika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau huinahui.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hypothiazide

Me ka hakihaki ʻana, aia ka manaʻo i ka mālama wai ʻana i ka wai ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hydrophilicity o nā kiko. Eia kekahi, pinepine e kū'ē i ke anuanu o ka momona, e ulu ka cardiovascular, e hoʻonui ana i ka mālama ʻana o ka wai. A laila aia ka noi i ka mālama ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō wale nō, akā i ka diuretics. Ma nā diuretics, ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nei ka hypothiazide, hāʻawi ʻia i kāna hopena diuretic maikaʻi a ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā hopena ʻino.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hypothiazide no ka lilo ʻana o ka mea kaumaha, pono e akahele nui a nānā ʻia e ke kauka. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia diuretic me ke kumu maikaʻi ʻole hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hopena koʻikoʻi - ʻo ka puka non-edematous o ka obesity e lilo i edematous no ke kumu o ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka diuretics e hiki ai i kahi hopena paradoxical: kahe kahe i loko o nā kiko i ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki.

E maʻalahi a me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāwili ʻana i ke kahe wai nui mai ke kino me ka decoctions a me ka infusions o nā lāʻau lapaʻau (bearberry, horsetail, etc.).
ʻOi aku e pili ana i ka pohō kaumaha