Konvalis: nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, nā loiloi, nā analogues a me nā kumukūʻai

ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka huahana ke like me ke kūlike i ka kāmomo gamma-aminobutyricʻo ia kahawai. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopili ka waiwaialpha-2-δ-subunit o nā kaila calciuma pani i ka kahe o ka calcium ma o lākou. ʻO ia kēia mau kahe e hāʻawi ai i ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o kahi mea hoʻopili kino e hōʻailona ai i ka ʻeha.

Eia kekahi, hōʻemi hou ʻia ka hāmeʻa huhū pilimake o nā neurons, hoʻonui i ka synthesis GABAho'ēmi ho'ēmi kala Nā lawaleʻahui monoamine.

Ma nā hoʻokū maʻamau pili koko ʻaʻole pili ka lāʻau i kekahi Nā mea hoʻokipa GABA, benzodiazepine, gūleʻa a me na mea e ae. ʻAʻole hele ka mea hoʻohili me nā kahika sodium.

Inā e hoʻonui ʻoe i ka nui o ka lāʻau, ʻo kona bioavailability, ma ke ʻano ʻē, e hoʻemi. Ka hoʻokūkū piha plasma koko e loaʻa i nā hola 2-3 ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana. ʻO Bioavailability kahi o 60%. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana, ʻoiai me ka puʻu momona kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopā i ka nui o nā parola o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka hoʻopau hapa hapalua-ola he 6 mau hola. ʻAʻole ka mana o ka mea ikaika e nakinaki i nā protein plasma.

ʻAʻole hōʻiliʻili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino, ʻaʻole kumu ka hoʻonāukiuki o nā ʻaina o ka ate. ^ E Ha yM. Ke hoʻoneʻe nei mai ke kino ma o ka pūpū me ka urine. Eia nō naʻe, i nā maʻi maʻi kuʻoki, nā poʻe i loaʻa i nā maʻi o ka puʻu, clearance gabapentin hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki.

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, ʻoi aku ka poʻe e hele kaʻina manawa hemodialysis, Pono nā hoʻoponopono o kēlā me kēia lā.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

• ma epilepsy nā pākeke a me nā keiki mai nā makahiki he 12 i lilo i ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole he mea kūʻokoʻa ʻo ia iho.
• no ka hana lapaau ʻeha kaho ʻana,
• ma ʻaihui epileptic me ka lahui tuarua.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kapehu.

• keiki malalo o 12 makahiki
• ma maʻiʻo pancreatitis,
• kanaka me ka pilina ʻole lactose, lactase hemahema a glucose galactose glucose,
• i ka loaʻa nā pepeke ma nā māhele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi e maʻi ana nā mālamalama maikaʻi ʻolee pono e mālama i ka wā e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā hopena hopena

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai ʻeha kaho ʻana hiki:

Inā hoʻoholo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana ʻāpana kikowaenaa laila e hoʻomau nā hopena ʻaoʻao aʻe:

• leukopenia, purpura,
• lawelawe he pili koko, huʻipuʻihana hoʻonā i nā waha (nā maʻi o nā niho a me nā ʻōpū),
• huehueʻili a me ka ʻeha i ka ʻili,
• gingivitis, constipation, nā niniahookiekieia mea momona a hoʻohui moananinini he ʻano hūnāʻeha ma loko ʻāpana ʻāina,
• ʻeha hoʻi, hana ka ʻōpū o ke kino, aolailaiwi ʻāhiu
• āhāhuʻepilikia me ka tendon reflexes, hopohopo, manaʻo ʻinohopohopo, nystagmusnā manaʻo noʻonoʻo ʻole,
• ihu waiolehuhū wahi maʻi pneumonia,
• hoʻoiho maʻi pīpī honua,
• hyperkinesis, aloha, amnesialulu hoʻēkohu, ʻōpala, hāpau,
• hoemi libido a huakai,
• ʻike ʻia ka ʻike diplopialuhi, momona i ke alo a me ka periphery, ʻaiaiaia.

ʻO nā hopena maikaʻi loa e like me ataxia, āhāhuʻe, nystagmus a hiamoe, ke kau i ke kaha i lawe ʻia.

Me kahi ana e hopohopo nei i ka lawe ʻana i nā papa, hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalele kapa: nausea, ʻeha ma nā wahi like ʻole, ka luhiluhi, nā hopohopo, nā pilikia hiamoe.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Convalis (ke ʻano a me ka helu ʻana)

Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ka huki a ʻole ka wehewehe ʻana i ka papa, me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana o Convalis i mea lapaʻau no ka epilepsy

ʻO ka dosage kumu ma 300 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. A laila hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o kēlā me kēia lā i 900 mg, hoʻohele ʻia i nā manawa maʻamau. Ma hope aku, inā pono a ma ke ʻano o ke kaukau ʻana o ke kauka hele ʻana, hiki i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēlā lā i kēia lā ke hiki i 1200 mg.

Max Qty Gabapentinhiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i loko o ke ao he 3600 mg (ma kēlā me 8 mau hola). ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā inika kahiʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mau hola.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi Neuropathic

I ka lā mua, ua lawe ʻia ka 300 mg o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ma ka lua - 600 mg ma 2 mau kīnā i hoʻokaʻawale, ma ke kolu - 300 mg, 3 mau lā i ka lā. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i loko o ka lā i ka 3600 mg.

Me ka maʻi o ka pēpē:

• inā ʻo ka cleinine clearance mai 50 a 79 ml mau minuke, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i ka 600-1800 mg o ka lāʻau i ka lā,
• inā KK mai 30 a 49 ml / min - a i ka 900 mg i ka lā,
• inā ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hōʻea i 30 ml / min - 600 mg,
• me kahi ʻaʻa o kahi ma lalo o 15 ml mau minuke, e ukali ʻia kahi papa o 300 mg i kēlā me kēia lā.

I ka hoʻomanawanui ma hemodialysis, ma hope o kēlā me kēia hālāwai 4-hola, pono e lawe ʻia he 300 mg o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

I ka lā hea dialisis ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā.

Ke keu

Inā hōʻino ʻoe i kēia mea hana paha āhāhuʻe, nā ninia, diplopia, hoʻēkohu a hiamoe.

E like me nā hana therapeutic e hoʻopau i nā hopena i makemake ʻole ʻia, hāʻawi ʻia ka moliki gastric i loko o nā hola mua ma hope o ka overdose, lawe kūliaʻano hana maʻi. ʻOi ka maikaʻi hemodialysis.

Hoʻohui

ʻO Cimetidine hoʻonui i ka manawa hoopau Gabapentin mailoko o ke kino.

ʻO ka loaʻa like ʻana o nā kālā me nā mea hoʻohālikelike wahaloko Ethinyl estradiola i ʻole paulele ʻaʻole e hoʻokau i kā lākou lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me papa inoa morakiinā lawe ʻia ka morphine i 120 mau minuke ma muaGabapentinalakaʻi i ka hoʻonui Auc nā kālā e 50% a hoʻonui i ka ʻeha.

ʻOiai e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe (Phenobarbital, ʻO ka Valproic Acid, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin) ʻaʻohe pili ma waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa.

Hoʻokomo i nā momona aluminia i ʻole hoʻōlahoʻemi i ka bioavailability o ka lāʻau. E lawe i kēia mau kālā me ke kekelē o 2 mau hola.

Me ka hui pūʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ethanol, e hoʻonui nui ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

Hōʻike pū me Naproxen alakaʻi i kahi hoʻonui i ka manawa hana o Convalis.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

ʻO kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā poʻe e ʻeha ana maʻi mellitus maʻiʻihiki ke koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono nā mea lawelawe hypoglycemic.

I ka hoʻokau ʻana i ka urine no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka proteinlitmus pepa Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā hopena. A ua loaʻa i nā hana loiloi e hoʻohana i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.

ʻAʻole ia e kuhikuhi i ke kaʻa a e hana paha i nā hana e pono ai ka nānā mua ʻana inā e lawe ana ʻoe iā Convalis.

Inā i ka wā e mālama ai me ka hoʻokaʻawale i kahi maʻi lōkohu, pono e hoʻōki ʻia ka mālama ʻana.

Pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i nā papa, i loko o nā lā 7 ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hopu.

Manaʻo ia ʻia e hana i ka mālama manawa kūpono o ke ʻano noʻonoʻo o ka mea maʻi. I ka wā o ka hoʻōla, ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana manaʻo ʻinohiki mai manaʻo noʻonoʻo lā me ka hana.

Nā kuʻina o Convalis

ʻO nā mea kikoʻī maʻamau o ka lāʻau: Algerica, Gerolamic, Lamiktal, Normeg, Lamitrile, Latrigil, Topiramin, Levetiracetam, Levitsit, Lyrics, Epimil, Topilex, Neogabin, Topamax, Topilepsin, Epileptal, Epiramat, Epitrizhin, Wimpat, Keppra, Lamitor, Lamitor, Lamitor.

Gabagamma, Gabantin, Grimodin, Neuralgin, Tebantin, Gabalept, Gabapentin, Gabalept, Meditan, Newropentin.

Hōʻikeʻike e pili ana iā Convalis

Hoʻohana maikaʻi lākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nui i ka mālama epilepsy. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hopena ākea ka hopena maʻamau o ka hōʻeha, ka lua, a me nā pilikia haʻahaʻa. E hoʻopiʻi hou i ka hanana haʻalele kino maʻime kahi pani koʻikoʻi o ka lawe ʻana i nā papa.

Nā Hōʻikeʻike e pili ana iā Konvalis i nā ʻatikala:

• “... ʻO ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa, eia naʻe, pono e lawe ʻia i ka lōʻihi loa a pili i ka hoʻoponopono lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia”,
• “... Ua pilikia wau me ka hernia o ka disc intervertebral, ma Konvalis maikaʻi loa koʻu manaʻo, hiki iaʻu ke hele nui loa, ʻoi aku ka ikaika. Akā ma hope o ke ʻano, ua hoʻi ka ʻeha”,
• “... ʻO ka maʻi neuropathic mau ka like. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma hope o 2x 3 mau hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana, hiki ke hiamoe ke hiamoe no 3-4 mau hola”.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

ʻO ka pauna nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo melemele, me nā mea i loko o ke ʻano o ka pauku crystalline o ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula paha (10 mau pūpū i kēlā me kēia pākeke, 3 a i ʻole mau kī 5 paha i loko o kahi pahu pepa.

ʻO ka mea ikaika e gabapentin, 300 mg ma 1 kapoti.

Nā kumuhana hou: pregelatinized mais starch, lactose monohidate, magnesium stearate, talc.

Ka hoʻohālikelike o nā kapula gelatin paʻakikī: nā pale hao kahe ʻona, ka gelatin, ka carbon dioxide.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Lawe ʻia ka lāʻau ma ke ʻano, me ka ʻike ʻole o ka ʻai, ʻai, ʻaʻole me ka ʻuha a me ka inu ʻana me ka wai wai.

Ke lawe nei i ka monotherapy a me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Convalis i mea e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i ka pōkole epileptic hapa i loko o nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki, ua hoʻolako ʻia e hoʻomaka me ka pākahi o kēlā me kēia lā o 300 mg a hoʻonui pinepine iā ia i 900 mg:

• ʻO ka lā mua - 300 mg 1 mau manawa,
• ʻO ka lā lua - 300 mg 2 mau manawa,
• ʻO ke kolu o ka lā - 300 mg 3 mau manawa.

I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻonui ʻia paha ka nui o ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā. I ka awelika, hiki iā 900-1200 mg, ka nui loa ma kahi o ka lā he 3600 mg, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 3 mau kaha kaulike me kahi hola o 8 mau hola. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma waena o nā ʻōpiopio ma mua o 12 mau hola (ke pale aku i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hilo).

I ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka maʻi neuropathic i ka pākeke, ʻo Convalis e kuhikuhi i ka lā mua ma kahi o 300 mg, ma ka lā lua - 600 mg (300 mg 2 mau manawa), ma ke kolu o ka lā - 900 mg (300 mg 3 mau manawa). I ka hihia o ka hōʻeha nui, hiki ke kau ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lā mua i ʻekolu mau manawa i 300 mg. Aia ma muli o ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻonui iki ka nui, akā ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 3600 mg / lā.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻōkena hana i kēlā me kēia lā i ka poʻe maʻi me ka hana o ka renal functioning, i hilinaʻi i ka clearance creatinine (QC):

• KK 50-79 ml / min - 600-1800 mg,
• KK 30-49 ml / min - 300-900 mg,
• KK 15-29 ml / min - 300-600 mg,
• CC ma mua o 15 ml / min - 300 mg (i kēlā me kēia lā a i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻololi kahi paila mua o 300 mg no nā maʻi ma ka hemodialysis, kahi hou 300 mg post-hemodialysis dosis i lawe ʻia ma hope o kēlā me kēia hemodialysis hālāwai i mau manawa 4 mau hola. I kēlā mau lā i ʻole ka hana dialysis, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā hopena hopena

Hiki i nā hopena ʻokoʻa ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi neuropathic:

• Nā kikowaena o nā kikowaena waena (CNS): amnesia, confingness, ataxia, aukawe keʻena, drowsiness, dizziness, hypesthesia, tremor, impaired thinking,
• Pūnaehana Digestive: dyspepsia, huehue, constipation, nausea, flatulence, luaʻi, waha maloʻo, ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ʻawaʻawa.
• Pūnaehana respiratory: pharyngitis, dyspnea,
• Nā ʻōpū ʻona: amblyopia,
• Nā kikowaena: ʻāwili ka ʻili,
• Nā mea ʻē aʻe: nā maʻi flu-like, nā maʻi maʻi lēʻaleʻa, ka asenaiic syndrome, ka ʻeha, ka edema peripheral, ʻeha o nā ʻōwili o ka hoʻokūkū, loaʻa ke kaumaha.

I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻokele hakakā me Convalis, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mea:

• Pūnaehana koko: leukopenia, purpura (ka manawa pinepine ma ke ʻano o nā pōpoki i loaʻa i ka wā o ka trauma kino),
• Pūnaehana Cardiovascular: he hōʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ke kaʻe o ke koko (BP), nā hōʻailona o ka vasodilation,
• Pūnaehana maʻi: paresthesia, amplification, nawaliwali a ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā tendon reflexes, hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka hoʻowalewale o ka neʻe, hopohopo, ataxia, amnesia, huhū, hilahila, dysarthria, ʻehaʻeha, ka hana naʻau, ka luhiluhi, nystagmus, insomnia, noʻonoʻo i ka noʻonoʻo, ʻāwīwī o ka ʻōpū, hoʻāliʻi, puhi, hoʻāhu. hyperkinesis
• Pūnaehana Digestive: dyspepsia, maloʻo a ʻāʻī paha, ʻōpū, puʻu, huʻuʻi, constipation, gingivitis, anorexia, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, hoʻonui nui ʻia, ʻōpū o ka maʻi palupalu,
• ʻŌnaehana musculoskeletal: myalgia, ʻeha ʻeha, arthralgia, hoʻonui i ka palupalu o nā iwi,
• Pūnaehana respiratory: rhinitis, pharyngitis, uukou, pneumonia,
• ʻAi ʻia me nā ʻōnaehana hanana a me ka hoʻopili: urinary tract infection, impotence,
• ʻIli: hōʻili ʻia o ka ʻili, nā ʻili, ka ʻohiʻoki, ka ʻili o ka ʻili,
• Nā hui kino: amblyopia, ʻike ʻole i ka ʻike, diplopia,
• ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe: ka'ōpū, ka hōʻowalewale, ka hika, ka edema facial, asthenic syndrome, ka maʻi viral, ka hopena momona, ka edema peripheral.

Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ka hoʻomanawanui o ka Convalis ma nā inea ʻo 300 a me 3600 mg / lā, kahi hilinaʻi nui o kēlā mau ʻano e like me ka hiamoe, ataxia, dizziness, nystagmus a me paresthesia i nānā.

I ka ʻike ma hope o ke kau inoa ʻana o nā hoʻohana, aia nā hihia o ka make like ʻole, ʻike ʻole i pili ʻole i ka hui gabapentin.

I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i nā hopena maikaʻi loa ke ulu nei: hiki ʻole ke kūleʻa o ka pono, ka hopena a me ke ʻano, a me nā pancreas, gynecomastia, he nui ke kūlohelohe o nā kelepaʻi momi, nā pilikia motor (dystonia, dyskinesia, myoclonus), hallucitions, thrombocytopenia, palpitations, ʻōpū urination, tinnitus.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hopena, ʻo ka loaʻa pinepine o nā ʻano pane e like me: ke kuʻina, ka walaʻa ʻana, ʻeha o ka ʻano o nā ʻōlapa, nā hopohopo, ka ʻoluʻolu ʻana.

Inā mākou e kūkulu i kekahi o nā hōʻailona o luna aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​hopena ʻē aʻe, pono e nīnau aku i kāu kauka.

Me kahi overdose o Convalis, ʻehaʻeha, ʻōlelo hoʻohaunaele, diplopia, huki, dysarthria, mauʻeha i nānā. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i nā meheu a me nā mea aloha, ʻo ka nui o ka lethal o ka gabapentin, ka lawe ʻia ʻana, he ala ia o 8000 mg / kg. ʻO nā hōʻailona o nā huʻawaʻawa o nā huapalapala i nā holoholona i hōʻike i loko o ka ataxia, pōkole o ka hanu, ptosis, hypoactivity a i ʻole ka ulū.

ʻO ka maʻi overdose ka hōʻailona, ​​hemodialysis e kuhikuhi ʻia no nā mea maʻi me ka maikaʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau: lāʻau lapaʻau anticonvulsant.

ʻO ka mea hoʻonaninani gabapentin e like me ka like me ka neurotransmitter GABA, akā heʻokoʻa ia mai kona ʻano o kāna hana, ʻaʻohe ona GABAergic waiwai, ʻaʻole pili i ka metabolism a me ka hū o ka GABA. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hopena nā hopena anticonvulsant maikaʻi a hōʻike i kahi waiwai geroprotective, e hoʻonui ana i ka hiki ke hana ma ke ʻano o ke kino.

Loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o nā kapula gelatin melemele. I loko kahi kiko (keʻokeʻo). ʻO ka mea nui o ka waihonaʻāina ʻo gabapentin i loko o kahi waihona ʻo 300 mg.

No ke aha ʻo Convalis i hāʻawi ʻia?

E like me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi no Convalis, ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau anticonvulsant no ka mālama ʻana o:

• me ka epilepsy no ka poʻe ʻōpio a me nā keiki mai nā makahiki 12 o ke ʻāpana o kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe piha a i ʻole he ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa.
• no ka mālama ʻana o ka maʻi neuropathic,
• me nā hopu epileptic me ka hoʻomohala tuarua.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka hana ikaika o Convalis he hopena anticonvulsant. Eia kekahi, ʻo Konvalis, e like me nā kuhikuhi, he hopena geroprotective, ka mea i hui pū me ka nui o ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pono. He hopena ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hihia o ka polyneuropathies, a me kona pono pono no nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe me kahi ʻano like ʻole o ka hana ka palekana.

ʻŌpū a me ka lactation

ʻAʻole lawa nā ikepili e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka gabapentin i nā wahine hāpai.ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana inā ʻaʻole paha eʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi o ka makuahine i ka nui o ke kōpio.

Kuhi ʻia ka lāʻau i loko o ka waiū umauma, ʻike ʻia ka hopena i nā keiki i ka wā o ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, no laila, i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lāʻau, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā pono nā pōmaikaʻi o ka makuahine i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka nui o ka hopena o ke kālā.

Hoʻopili (i.e., ʻano waiwai) nā kikowaena o Convalis ʻo Gabagamma, Gapentek, Gabapentin, Catena, Lepsitin, Neurontin, Tebantin, Egipentin, Eplirintin.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūpono o CONVALIS i mau lāʻau lapaʻau (Moscow) ʻo 450 mau rubles.

Hoʻohui nūhou

Me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o Convalis me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i kēia mau hopena ke loaʻa (AUC - ka nui o ke ʻano o ka waiwai i loko o ke koko koko, C_max - ka uū nui o kahi mea i loko o ke koko):

• Antacids me alumini a i ʻole magnesium: hoemi ʻia ka bioavailability o gabapentin (kahi manawa o ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 2 mau hola ma waena o nā pona e pono e mālama ʻia),
• Morphine (i ka wā e lawe ai i ka morphine 2 mau hola ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i Convalis): he piʻi o ka awelika AUC o ka gabapentin e 44% (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me monotherapy me gabapentin),
• Cimetidine: ka liʻiliʻi ʻokoʻa i loko o ka excretion o ka gabapentin,
• Ethanol a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana ana i ke kikowaena kūloko o ka pūnaehana: ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka ʻaoʻao o ka gabapentin mai ka pūnaehana neʻe,
• Naproxen: hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka gabapentin,
• Hydrocodone: hoʻonui ʻia AUC o ka gabapentin a hoʻemi ʻia AUC a me C_max hydrocodone.

Nā hui hoʻohālikelike: Algerica, Gerolamula, Lamictal, Normeg, Lamitril, Latrigil, Topiramin, levetiracetam, Levitsit, Lyric, Epimil, Topilex, Neogabin, Topamax, Topilepsin, Epileptal, Epiramat, Epitrigin, Wimpatin, Lampatin, Lampatin, Lampatam Gabagamma, Gabantin, Grimodin, Neuralgin, Tebantin, Gabalept, Gabapentin, Gabalept, Meditan, Newropentin, Neurontin, Catena.

Kūkulu i kēlā me kēia 1 mau kiʻomaka:

mea ikaika: gabapentin - 300.0 mg
nā mea hoʻowalewale: lōpose lactose - 66.0 mg, pregelatinized mais starch - 30.0 mg, talc - 3.0 mg, magnesium stearate - 1.0 mg.
ʻO ka nui o nā mea o nā kiko o ka pahu kapuai he 400.0 mg.
Hoʻopili i nā lau Capsule
Nā pahele gelatin paʻakikī 0 - 96.0 mg.
Hoe a uhi: ʻO ka titanium dioxide (E 171) - 2.0000%, ka melika o ka hao keleawe (E 172) - 0.6286%, gelatin - a he 100%.
ʻO ke kaupaona o ke kapo a me nā ʻike i kahi 496.0 mg.

ʻĀpana Pharmacotherapeutic: ka lāʻau antiepileptic.

Pāʻālua ATX: N03AX12.

ʻO nā waiwai Pharmacological

Lapaʻau lāʻau
ʻO ka papa hana o ka gabapentin e like me ke ʻano o ke GABA neurotransmitter (gamma-aminobutyric acid), akā ke ʻano o ka hana like ʻana me nā mea ikaika ʻē aʻe e pili pū ana me nā GABA synapses, e like me ka valproates, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, GABA transaminase inhibitors, GABA reuptake inhibitors, a me GABA ʻO nā mea hana GABA. I nā haʻawina i loko o vitro Me ka radioisotope gabapentin i kapa ʻia, loaʻa nā wahi hou o ka hāloi ʻana i ka protein i loko o ka lolo uʻi, me ka neocortex a me ka hippocampus, e pili ana me ka hana anticonvulsant a me ka analgesic o gabapentin a me nā mea e loaʻa ai. ʻIke ʻia e pili ana ka papakū o ka gabapentin o ka subunit α-2-δ (alpha-2-delta.
I loko o nā kikinila koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole pili i ka gabapentin i nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau a me nā neurotransmitters e hele nei i loko o ka lolo, me ka GABA_AGABA_I, he benzodiazepine, glutamate, glycine a me nā ʻokoʻa recepter N-methyl-D-aspartate.
Gabapentin i nā kūlana i loko o vitro ʻaʻole i pili me ke ala sodium, e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i ka phenytoin a me ka carbamazepine. I kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻohālikelike i loko o vitro ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka gabapentin i alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ka pane i ka agonist glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), akā i kahi hoʻokūkū ma mua o 100 μmol / L, kahi hiki ʻole ke loaʻa ma lalo o nā kūlana. i vivo. I nā kūlana i loko o vitro ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka gabapentin e alakaʻi i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā neurotransmitters monoamine.
ʻAʻole maopopo ka ʻike maoli ʻana o ka hana a gabapentin.

Lapaʻau lāʻau
Kapehu
Ma hope o ka lawelawe waha, ua hoʻokō ʻo ka nui o ka gabapentin i loko o ke koko koko i loko o nā hola 2-3. ʻO ka bioavailability o gabapentin e hoʻohiki me ka hoʻonui nui i ka nui. Loaʻa ka bioavailability pololei i ka wā e lawe ai i nā kapika he 300 mg kahi ma kahi o 60%. ʻO nā meaʻai, me nā mea i loaʻa ka momona momona, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena koʻikoʻi i nā pharmacokinetics o gabapentin.
ʻAʻole loli i nā pharmacokinetics o gabapentin me ka hoʻokele hou ʻana o ka lāʻau.
Kahele
ʻAʻole nakipili ʻo Gabapentin i nā protein protein, a ʻo kona puʻupu māhele e 57.7 lita. I ka poʻe maʻi me ka epilepsy, ʻo ka ʻike o ka gabapentin i ka cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ma kahi o 20% o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻokūkū plasma kūlike. Hoʻokā ʻia ʻo Gabapentin i loko o ka waiū umauma.
ʻO Biotransformation
ʻAʻohe ʻikepili i ka metabolism o gabapentin i ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole ʻo Gabapentin e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻaina o nā maʻi o ka pōpoki manuahi nonohina pili i ka metabolism lāʻau.
Leʻaleʻa
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Gabapentin i ke hoʻololi ʻole ʻia e ka renal excretion. ʻO ka hapalua hapalua o gabapentin he kūʻokoʻa ma kahi o ka pau i lawe ʻia a me nā waiwaena 5 a 7 mau hola.
I ka poʻeʻelemakule a me nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired, hōʻemi ʻia ka gabapentin mai ka plasma koko. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana, ka hana ʻana i ka plasma a me ka wehe o nā renal o ka gabapentin i hoʻohālikelike mau ia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa creatinine.
Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Gabapentin mai ka lolo koko i ka wā hemodialysis. ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired a i ʻole nā ​​mea ma ka hemodialysis e ʻōlelo e hoʻoponopono i ka hopena o ka lāʻau (e nānā i ka ʻāpana "Dosage and Administration").
Hoʻonohonoho / kaua lihilihi o nā ʻalemai pharmacokinetics
Hoʻololi ka bioavailability o gabapentin me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka wai, e pili ana i ka helu-laina ʻole o nā ʻāpana pharmacokinetic, kahi i loaʻa ai ka mākaʻi bioavailability (F), no ka laʻana, Ae%, CL / F, Vd / F. Hoʻokuʻu i ka pharmacokinetics (nā ʻōhua ʻaʻole me F, e like me CLr a me T_1/2) ka mea e wehewehe ʻia e ka hoʻohālike laina. He kūlike nā paʻila plasma o ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka gabapentin e pili ana i ka ʻikepili kinetics me kahi pākahi.

Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a i ka wā o ka umauma

ʻO ka hopena koʻikoʻi ma muli o nā epilepsy a me nā lāʻau antiepileptic
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā keiki me nā anomalen congenital i loko o nā makuahine i mālama ʻia me nā anticonvulsants no ka maʻi epilepsy e hoʻonui i nā manawa 2-3. ʻO ka pinepine pinepine ka holoi ʻana i ka lehelehe ma luna a me ka palate, nā kuhihewa o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a me nā hemahema o ka neural tube. Eia kekahi, pili ka nui o nā anticonvulsants e pili me ka nui aʻe o ka nui o ka hiki ʻana i nā pōʻino ma mua o ka hihia o ka monotherapy. No laila, inā hiki, pono e hoʻohana kekahi o nā anticonvulsants. ʻO nā wahine o nā makahiki o ka hānau ʻana, a me nā wahine a pau paha i hāpai ʻia, pono ke kūkākūkā i kahi ʻoihana loea. Inā hoʻolālā kekahi ka wahine hāpai i ka wā hapai, pono e hoʻomau hou ʻia ka maʻi anticonvulsant. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau koke i ka anticonvulsants, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o nā mea hopu me nā hopena koʻikoʻi no ka makuahine a me ke keiki. I nā hihia pinepine, i nā keiki i loaʻa ai ka mau makuahine i ka epilepsy, ua nānā ʻia ka lohi ʻana. Eia naʻe, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoholo inā pili paha ka lohi ʻana i ka hoʻomohala pili i nā genetic a i ʻole nā ​​pili pili kino, nā maʻi ʻono, a i ʻole ka maʻi anticonvulsant.

Hoʻopilikia ka Gabapentin
ʻAʻohe ʻikepili i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā wahine hāpai. I nā hoʻokolohua holoholona, ​​ua hōʻike ʻia ka huikala o ka lāʻau i ka fetus. E pili ana i ka pilikia kūpono, ʻaʻohe ʻikepili o nā kānaka. No laila, pili ʻo gabapentin i ka wā hapai inā inā pono ka manaʻo i ka makuahine ke ʻāpono i ka hiki ke hoʻopili i ka wahine.
I ka hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia, hiki ʻole ke haʻi me ka hōʻoia inā he hoʻohana ʻole i ka gabapentin i ka wā hāpai ʻana me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā hana hōʻino, ʻo ka mea mua ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o nā epilepsy pono ʻole, a me ka lua, ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā anticonvulsants ʻē aʻe. . ^ E Ha yM.
Haumakua
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Gabapentin ma ka waiū umauma, ʻike ʻia kona hopena ma ke keiki hānai hānai, no laila, i ka wā hoʻouluulu ʻana ʻo Convalis ® e kauoha wale ʻia inā he pōmaikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka makuahine i ka hopena o ka pēpē.
ʻAʻole mālama nā aʻo holoholona i nā hopena o ka gabapentin e hānai i ka ulu.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo Convalis ® me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o ka ʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai. Inā pono e hoʻemi i ka makeke, hoʻopau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha iā ia me kahi mea koho'ē aʻe, pono e hana lohi ia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa o ka hebedoma.
ʻEha nā neuropathic i nā pākeke
ʻO ka dosis mua loa he 900 mg / lā ma ʻekolu mau puʻupuʻu i māhele ʻia, inā pono, ma muli o ka hopena, e piʻi mālie ka nui o ka make ma kahi o 3600 mg / lā. Hiki i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke me kahi dosis o 900 mg / lā (300 mg 3 mau manawa i ka lā) a hiki ke hoʻonui mālie ʻia ka hopena i ka 900 mg i kēlā me kēia lā no 3 mau lā e like me ke kumuhana aʻe:
1 ka lā: 300 mg o ka lāʻau 1 mau lā i ka lā,
I ka lā 2: 300 mg o ka lāʻau lapaʻau 2 mau lā i ka lā,
ʻO ka lā 3: 300 mg o ka lāʻau lapaʻa 3 mau lā i ka lā.
ʻO nā ʻāpana pākē
Me ka epilepsy, mālama pinepine ʻia ka mālama lōʻihi. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka mea hele i ke kauka e hilinaʻi ana i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻē aʻe a me ka pono o ka lāʻau.
Nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 12 i ka hopena hopena - mai 900 a 3600 mg / lā. Hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi kaʻe o 300 mg 3 mau manawa i ka lā ma ka lā mua a i ʻole e hoʻonui iki i ka 900 mg e like me ke kumu i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei (e nānā i ka pauku "ʻO ka maʻi Neuropathic ma nā pākeke"). Ma hope aku, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka momona i ka nui o 3600 mg / lā (hoʻokaʻawale iā 3 i nā koina a like). Hoʻomaopopo ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki i 4800 mg / lā i hoʻomaopopo ʻia. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa ma waena o nā pona me ka hapa ʻekolu o nā lāʻau e pono ai e hānai i nā hola 12 i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomaha hou ʻana i nā waiwai.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi
I nā maʻi i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana, no ka hoʻemi ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino, ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kino, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, me ke ʻano nui, e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka nui o ka make, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻaina haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka lōʻihi o ka wā ma mua o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui.
Hoʻohana i nā mea maʻi maʻi (ma mua o 65 mau makahiki)
Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o nā makahiki i ka hana o ka renal, hiki i nā mea maʻi ke noiʻi i ka hoʻoponopono o ka maʻi (no ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i ka Papa 1). ʻO ka ʻehaʻawa, ke edema peripheral a me ka asthenia i nā maʻi maʻi e ulu pinepine pinepine.
Ka helu koho ʻana no ka pilikia ʻole ʻole
No ka poʻe maʻi me ka pani ʻole ʻana o ka lālani, hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka gabapentin e like me ka papa 1:

A - pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nui o ka lā i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu.
B - koho 300 mg i kēlā me kēia lā,
Nā B - i nā mea maʻi me ka hanana creatinine ®. I mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka protein i ka urine, ua ʻoi ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ua me ka acid o ka sulfosalicylic.
Hopena CNS
I ka wā mālama ʻo gabapentin, aia nā hihia o ka huki a me ka pohō, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ʻeha o ka hōʻeha ʻoi (inā hāʻule.) I ka manawa o ke kau inoa ʻana, ua hōʻike pū ʻia nā hihia o ka haunaele, ka nalowale o ka ʻike a me ka hana naʻau hemahema. No laila pono e kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea maʻi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hopena hiki o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.
Me ka hoʻohana like ʻana me ka analgesics opioid, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka kao gabapentin i loko o ke koko koko. I kēia mea, pono ka mea maʻi e nānā pono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōnaehana o ka pīpī o ka pīpī, e like me ka luhū, ka huakaʻi a me ke kaumaha o ka hanu. ʻO nā wai o ka gabapentin a i ʻole nā ​​analio opioid e hoʻemi ʻia.
Co-hoʻokele me nā antacids
Noi ʻia ʻo Gabapentin e lawe ʻia aku ai ma kahi o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka lawe antacid.

Hoʻopilikia i ka hiki ke hoʻokau i nā kaʻa a me nā māka

ʻOiai e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea maʻi e alakaʻi i nā kaʻa a hoʻohana paha i nā mea pono i ka pōʻino a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hopena maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hana o kēia mau hana.
Hoʻopilikia ʻo Gabapentin i ka pūnaehana pīhoihoi sentral a hiki ke hoʻonāwī i ka nahā, ka hiamoe, nalo, ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike ʻole, a i ʻole kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka ʻōnaehana sentral. ʻOiai me ka hōʻemi ʻoluʻolu a me ke kala ʻana paha, hiki i kēia mau hopena kūpono ʻole ke pilikia no nā mea maʻi e hoʻokele ana i nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻona ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa kēia hopena i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka gabapentin.