Ofloxacin: nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana > He hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke pale aku

ʻO nā papa Ofloxacin e pili ana i ka hui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā lāʻau o ka maʻi antibacterial o ka maʻi o nā fluoroquinolones. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa etiotropic (hana e mālama i ka luku ʻana i nā pathogen) o ka hoʻokū hopuna i hoʻomake ʻia e nā microorganism i ka manaʻo ikaika o ka lāʻau.

E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano a me ka ʻano

ʻO nā papa Ofloxacin aneane keʻokeʻo i ke kala, hoʻopuni i ka helehelena a loaʻa ka uhi ʻana o ka biconvex. Ua uhiʻia lākou me kahi pani kiʻi kiʻi enteric. ʻO Ofloxacin ka mea hana pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau; ʻo kona waihona i loko o hoʻokahi papa he 200 a me 400 mg. Eia kekahi, ʻo kāna mea hoʻohui e komo i nā mea kōkua, aia ka:

ʻO ka cellulose Microcrystalline.
ʻO ke kinikini silica colloidal.
ʻO Povidone.
ʻ stlelo ʻehala.
Talii.
Kūleʻa kalima.
Nā propylene glycol.
Hoʻolauleau.
Kaapili Titanium
Macrogol 4000.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā papa Ofloxacin i kahi pūʻulu blister o 10 mau ʻāpana. Aia ka pākōkō pepa i kahi blister me nā papa a me nā kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka hana ikaika o nā papa Ofloxacin e pale i ka (ke pale aku) i ka hoʻoliʻi o ka huina o ka huina DNA gyrase, e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka hopena supercoiling o ka DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). ʻO ka hala ʻole o kēlā ʻano hopena e alakaʻi i ka hiki ʻole o ka DNA bakela me ka make sel ma hope iho. Loaʻa i ka lāʻau i kahi hopena bactericidal (alakaʻi i ka make o nā mea maʻi bacterial). Wahi a ia i nā māmai (antibacterial) o kahi ākea pālahalaha o ka hana. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio baketiki e nānā nui loa i ia:

Staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis).
Neisseria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis).
E. coli (Escherichia coli).
Klebsiella, me ka pleboniaonia Klebsiella.
ʻO ka pale (Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, me ka indole-positive a me indole-negative strains).
ʻO nā pathogens o nā maʻi ʻōpū (Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā keiki kāne Shigella, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus).
ʻO nā pathogens me kahi mea hoʻokūkū pili wahine - (Chlamydia - Chlamydia spp.).
ʻO Legionella (Legionella spp.).
Nā pathogens o pertussis a me pertussis (Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella pertussis).
ʻO ka hopena kumu o ka huehue ʻo Propionibacterium acnes.

Ee iaaanu aey pā lonoaʻili i ka hana 'Oponopono Ofloxacin papa e komo Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Serrratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacteriurn fortuitum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium spp ., Helicobacter pylori, Listeria monocytogenes, Gardnerella vaginalis. Nocardia asteroides, anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium difficile) i paʻa ʻole i ka lāʻau. ʻO nā pathogens Syphilis, ʻo Treponema pallidum, hiki ke pale aku i ka onloxacin.

Ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā papa papa Ofloxacin i loko, ke wikiwiki nei ka mea ikaika a aneane paʻa loa mai ke kumen i loko i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana. Hāʻawi paʻa ʻia i nā kiko o ke kino. Ua hoʻokaʻawale nā Ofloxacin i loko o ke ake (ma kahi o 5% o ka nui holoʻokoʻa). Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea hana i loko o ka waiʻai, i kahi hana nui ʻaʻole loli. ʻO ka hapalua-ola (ʻo ka manawa a pau ka hapalua o ka nui o ka lāʻau ua hoʻopau ʻia mai ke kino) ʻo ia he 4-7 mau hola.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Hōʻike ʻia ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā papa Ofloxacin no ka nui o nā maʻi lēpaʻi ma muli o nā huakaʻi pathogenic (pathogenic) e pili pono ana i ka mea ikaika o ka lāʻau.

Pākuʻi a me ka maʻi a me nā hāpaʻi o nā kino ENT - sinusitis (lesi i nā palaleka o nā sinus paranasal), pharyngitis (ʻeha o ka pharynx), otitis media (ka mumū o ka pepeiao waena), tonsillitis (maʻi maʻi o nā maʻi o nā tonsils), laryngitis (ʻeha o ka larynx).
Pākuʻi lēpaʻa o ka lalo o ka hanu o ke kaʻahele - bronchitis (ua paʻa ke ʻano o ka bronchi), pneumonia (pneumonia).
ʻO ka hoʻopōʻino kino ʻana i ka ʻili a me nā pulu palupalu e nā huakini ʻole, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi kaʻina purulent.
Pākuʻi hewa ʻana o nā pūpū a me nā iwi, komo i ka poliomyelitis (lesi purulent o ka iwi iwi).
Pākuʻi a me ka palola a me ka hoʻoliʻi o nā kūnaehana kūwili a me nā ʻoihana o ka ʻōnaehana hepatobiliary.
Ke ala o nā kumulāʻau pelvic i ka wahine ma muli o nā maʻi like ʻole - salpingitis (ke ʻano o nā tubopopop fallopian), endometritis (nāwī ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū), oophoritis (ka pūlehu o nā ovaries), parametritis (nāwaha i nā papaha ma waho o ka pā o ka ʻōpū), ka kuʻi (ʻeha o ke kuahiwi).
ʻO ka palola mānoʻi o nā ʻōpū kūwili o ke kanaka i loko o ke kanaka he prostatitis (ke ʻano o ke aniani gland) a i ʻole, orchitis (nāwī i nā testicles), epididymitis (nā hana palau o nā mea hou o nā hōʻike.
Nā maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻopili kāne ʻana - gonorrhea, chlamydia.
Pākuʻi a me ka maʻi a me ka palaleka o nā palaleka a me nā urinary tract - pyelonephritis (maʻi purulent o ka calyx a renal pelvis), cystitis (namu o ka pāheʻe), urethritis (maʻi o ka urethra).
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka mōpī a me ka līpio a me ka laʻi (meningitis).

Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi nā papa o ka Ofloxacin e pale aku i ka maʻi bacterial i nā poʻe maʻi me ka hoʻohaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā hana hana o ke ʻano maʻi (immunodeficiency).

Nā Hoʻohui

Hoʻopili ʻia ke ʻano o nā papa o Ofloxacin i kekahi mau kūlana a me nā kūlana o ke kino.

ʻO ka hypersensitivity i nā mea ikaika a me nā mea kōkua o ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka Epilepsy (ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau o nā makana tonic-clonic kino e pili ana i kahi kūlana o ka ʻike naʻau), me ka wā i hala.
A predisposition i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻuʻuku (e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka paepae hopu) e pili ana i ke kua ʻana o kahi hōʻeha lolo traumatic, pathology hele a me nā hana o ka pūnaehana ʻōnaehana ma loko o ka pūnao, a me kahi hōʻeha o ka lolo.
ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o ka 18 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, e hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i nā iwi iwi.
ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i kekahi manawa o ka hoʻolālā a me ka lactation (umauma o ka maʻi).

Me ka makaʻala, hoʻohana ʻia nā papa Ofloxacin no ka atherosclerosis (ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka kolamu ma ka paia arterial) o nā moku cerebral, nā maʻi lele i loko o ka lolo (me ka mea i neʻe ʻia i ka wā ma mua), nā palepale o nā meaola o nā hana o ka pūnaehana poʻokela sentral, a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hana hana o ka ate. Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e ʻike maka ʻaʻohe contraindications.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

ʻO nā papa papa Ofloxacin ua lawe ʻia a pau ma mua o a ma hope o ka ʻai. ʻAi ʻia lākou a holoi ʻia me ka wai nui. ʻO ka dosis a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau e pili ana i ka pathogen, no laila, hoʻoholo ʻia e ka kauka kauka. ʻO ka nui awelika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka 200-800 mg i kēlā me kēia lā ma 2 mau puʻupaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale, ʻo ka papa awelika o ka lawelawe ʻana ma waena o 7-10 lā (no ka mālama ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi urinary, ʻo ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau hiki nā 3-5 lā). ʻO nā papa papa o Ofloxacin e lawe ʻia ana ma ke ʻano he 400 mg hoʻokahi no ka mālama ʻana i nā gonorrhea maʻa. No nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hana hana o nā pūpū a me nā ate, a me nā mea hoʻi ma ka hemodialysis (hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko hāpana), pono ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

Nā hopena hopena

ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā papa Ofloxacin i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole mai nā kino ʻano a me nā ʻōnaehana:

Pūnaehana Digestive - nausea, waʻa manawa, ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻōpū, a hiki i kona paʻa ʻole (anorexia), ʻeha, huʻipiʻi (lemating), ʻeha pūhaka, hoʻonui i ka hana o ka encaminase enzymes (ALT, AST) i loko o ke koko, e hōʻike ana i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā pūpū ate jaundice cholestatic i hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e ka stagnation o ka bile i nā hana o ka ʻōnaehana hepatobiliary, hyperbilirubinemia (hoʻonui i ka ʻai o bilirubin i ke koko), enterocolitis pseudomembranous (pathological inflammatory e hoʻoiho ʻia e ka bakule anaerobic Clostridi um difficile).
Pūnaehana hoʻonaninani a me nā ʻōpū s nā maʻi - ka ʻeha, ka hōʻino, ka leʻa i ka neʻe, a pili pū me ka pono o nā mākeke pono, nā haʻalulu (haʻalulu) o nā lima, nā puʻupuʻu maʻamau o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻāwaha o ka iwi, nā hōʻeha o ka ʻili a me kāna paresthesia (hoʻonaninani i ke ʻano) (hōʻike i ke makaʻu i nā mea a i ʻole nā kūlana like ʻole), hopohopo, hoʻonui ʻia o ke cortex cerebral, ka kaumaha (ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ke ʻano), hilahila, ʻike ʻia a i ʻole nā auditory hoʻokūkū, sihoticheskie naoh, diplopia (papalua hihiʻo), hihia hoʻi hihio (o ke ano) ono, nā dudima, lohe, kaulike, a mahuahua nui intracranial puʻe.
Pūnaehana Cardiovascular - tachycardia (hoʻonui i ka nui o ka puʻuwai), vasculitis (hoʻonāukiuki i ka hopena o nā kīʻaha koko), hāʻule (hōʻailona i ka emi ʻana o ke kani vascular arterial).
ʻO ke koko a me ka iwi ʻulaʻula - ke emi ʻana o ka nui o nā sela ʻulaʻula (hemolytic a i ʻole anemia aplastic), nā kaila koko keʻokeʻo (leukopenia), nā platelets (thrombocytopenia), a me ka hana pono o ka granulocytes (agranulocytosis).
Pūnaehana urinary - interstitial nephritis (reactitis of the kidney tissue), impaired function of the kidney, hoʻonui i ke ʻano o ka urea a me ka creatinine i loko o ke koko, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ʻana o kahi pilikia renal.
Pūnaehana musculoskeletal - ʻeha hui pū kekahi (arthralgia), ʻeha hoʻoheʻe (myalgia), hoʻoulu hou i nā ligamen (tendivitis), nā kihi kuʻuna o synovial (synovitis), rupture neʻe.
Nā puʻuwai - petechiae (pinpoint hemorrhages i loko o ka ʻili), dermatitis (hoʻonā hou i ka ʻili o ke kino), papula ʻole.
Alika - ka hāwaha o ke kino, hōʻeha, ka hives (ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻula e like me ka puhi ʻāʻī), bronchospasm (ʻeha kūloko o ka bronchi ma muli o ka spasm), pneumonitis allergic (pneumonia kūloko), maʻi kūmole (maʻi), ka ʻiwa ʻO ka edema ʻo Quincke (ka uha nui ʻana o nā lau o ka ʻili a me nā ʻōpū o ke ʻano kūlohelohe), nā maʻi ʻalopela a me ke ʻano neʻeneʻe (Lyell, Stevens-Johnson syndrome), ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic. ka hopena me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke koko a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka nui o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ka maʻi).

Ma ka hihia o ka hopena o ka hopena ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā papa o Ofloxacin, pono e hooki ʻia kā lākou lawelawe a kūkākūkā me kahi kauka. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻohana hou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻoholo ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia mea, i ka ʻano maʻamau a me ka paʻakikī o nā hopena like.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e lawe i nā papa papa Ofloxacin, pono ʻoe e heluhelu pono i ka annotation i ka lāʻau. Nui kekahi mau ʻōlelo kūikawā e pono ai ʻoe e makaʻala i:

ʻAʻole ke ala i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke koho no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi pneumonia i kumu ʻia e ka pneumococcus a me nā tonsillitis maʻa.
I ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e pale ʻia i ka ʻili i ke kūleʻa i ka lā a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻenehana ultraviolet.
ʻAʻole ia e noʻonoʻo i ka lawe i nā pire no nā mahina 2 aʻe.
I ka hihia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka enterocolitis pseudomembranous, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka lāʻau, a ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā metronidazole a me vancomycin.
ʻOiai e lawe ana i nā papa Ofloxacin, hoʻomohala ʻia ka pilikia o nā tendons a me nā ligament, e ukali ʻia ana e ka rupture (ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ka tendon Achilles) a me ka lawe liʻiliʻi.
E pale aku i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia nā wahine e hoʻohana i nā tampons i ka wā neʻeha a me ke kaʻe ʻana o ka maʻi kāne me ke ʻano nui.
I ka hihia o kekahi predisposition, ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā papa Ofloxacin, hoʻomohala ʻia ka myasthenia gravis (ʻōpūwīwī o ka naʻau).
Ke hana nei i nā hana diagnostic e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu kumu o ka maʻi tuberkulosis i ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole.
I ka hihia o ka renal a i ʻole ka hepatic insufficiency, pono ia e hana i ke kaukau ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana manawa maʻamau o nā hōʻailona o kā lākou hana, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka waiwai hana o ka lāʻau.
Pale aku i ka inu ʻona ma ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau no nā keiki wale nō no ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana pilikia i hana ʻia e nā maʻi pathogens.
Hiki i nā mea ikaika o nā papa Ofloxacin ke hoʻopili me ka nui o nā meaʻokoʻa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, no laila, e pono ke aʻo e pili ana i kā lākou kauka.
I ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ia e haʻalele i ka hana e pili ana i ka pono no ka piʻi ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana o ka nānā nui a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena psychomotor, no ka mea e pili ai i ka hana hana o ka cortex cerebral.

I loko o kahi pūnaewele kūʻai olakino, loaʻa nā papa papa Ofloxacin i kaʻaila. Hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou hana kūʻokoʻa me ka ʻole o nā kuhikuhi kauka kūpono.

Ke keu

Ma kahi o ka nui o ka nui o ka papa lāʻau e hōʻike ʻia ana o nā papa papa Ofloxacin, ulu ka haunaele, ka ʻalo ʻana, ka luaʻi ʻana, me ka hōʻeha, me ka hōʻeha ma ka waʻa a me ka manawa. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi overdose ka holoi ʻana i ka digestive tract kiʻekiʻe, ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a me ke ʻano ʻana hoʻi i ke ʻano maʻi ma kahi o ka haukapila.

ʻLoe a me ke kākele

ʻO ke ʻano a me ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke ʻano o nā papa a me kahi hoʻonāhi infusion e koho ʻia e ke kauka ponoʻī, e pili ana i ka nui o nā maʻi a me kona wahi, a me ka kūlana maʻamau o ka mea maʻi, ka manaʻo o ka microorganisms, a me ke akea a me nā hana o ka pūpū.

I nā mea maʻi me ka hana renal impaired me ka creatinine clearance (CC) o 20-50 ml / min, hoʻokahi pākēneka he 50% o nā mea i hōʻike ʻia (ʻoi aku o ka manawa o ka lawelawe ʻana 2 mau manawa i ka lā), a i ʻole he dosis piha piha ka manawa 1 i kēlā me kēia lā. Me QC