AlAT a me AsAT i loko o ke koko: nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ka ate no ka nui o nā enzymes

ʻO ka pōkole ʻo AlAT e kū nei ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona no ka huina o nā enzymes alanine aminotransferase, AsAT - aspartic aminotransferase. ʻO AST a me ALT kahi hapa o ka hōʻike koko biochemical.

Loaʻa nā mea i loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope koke iho. Hōʻalo ʻia kahi hōʻike koko no AST a me ALT, a ʻoiai, ua like ko lākou ʻano me ka hilinaʻi, a hilinaʻi nui kekahi.

Kahi ʻano hōʻailona o nā loiloi, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ALT a me AST i ke koko ma 2 a i ʻole nā ​​manawa hou aku paha, e noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi. ʻO ka mea mua e pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a ALT a me AST. He aha ke ʻano o kēia mau hoʻohui i ke koko a he aha ka mea e hana ai inā hoʻonui ʻia kahi mea nui?

He aha ka hoʻonui ma ALT a me AST ma luna o ka pākaukau?

I nā pākeke, ʻaʻohe like nā ʻike o ALT a me AST i nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole i like ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau hana i kahi maʻi o kekahi ʻāpana.

• ʻO ALT (ALaT, alanine aminotransferase) he enzyme e loaʻa i ka nui o nā o nā o nā ate, nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, ka naʻau (myocardium - ka puʻuwai naʻau) a me ka pancreas. Inā hōʻino lākou, nui ka nui o ALT e waiho i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopau ʻia, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i kona pae i ke koko.
• ʻO ka AST (ASaT, aspartate aminotransferase) he enzyme e loaʻa ana i loko o nā puʻuwai puʻuwai (ma ke myocardium), puʻuwai, nā ʻuhane, nā kino o nā iwi, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pūpū, kidney, pancreas. Hoʻopilikia kekahi pōpilikia i nā wahi o luna e alakaʻi ai i ka piʻi o ka pae o AST i ke koko.

ʻO ka kumu, ʻo ke kumu o ALT a me AST i loko o ke koko holoʻokoʻa i ka hana o ke kumupaʻa parenchymal koʻikoʻi - ka ate, e hana ana i nā hana like:

1. Nā kāpili protein.
2. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā huahana biochemical e pono ai no ke kino.
3. Detoxification - ke kāpae ʻana i nā waiwai o nā meaʻona a me nā mea inu lae mai ke kino.
4. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka glycogen - kahi polysaccharide, pono e pono no ka hana piha o ke kino.
5. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hopena biochemical o ke synthes a me ka hōʻea o ka hapa nui o nā microparticles.

Ma ka maʻamau, ʻo ka manaʻo o ALT a me AST i loko o ke koko e pili ana i ka wahine. I kahi wahine pākeke, ʻaʻole nui ka pae o ALT a me AST iʻoi aku ma mua o 31 IU / L. I nā kāne, ʻaʻoleʻoi ka ALT maʻamau i ka 45 IU / L, a me ka AST 47 IU / L. Aia nō i ka makahiki o ke keiki, e loli ana ke pae o ALT a me AST, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā kikoʻī o ALT ma mua o 50 PIECES / L, AST - 140 PIECES / L (mai ka hānau ʻana a hiki i 5 mau lā) a ʻaʻole i oi aku ma 55 PIECES / L no nā keiki ma lalo o 9 mau makahiki.

Wahi a nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka aʻo ʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano a me nā helu o ke ʻano o ka pae o ka enzymes. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o nā enzymes a me ka hōʻino o ka cell i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka transaminases i loko o ke koko.

ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ALT a me AST

No ke aha ke kiʻekiʻe nei ʻo ALT a me AST i nā pākeke, he aha kēia mea? ʻO ke kumu kumu nui loa i hoʻonui ʻia ai nā enzymes i loko o ke koko:

1. ʻO ka hepatitis a me nā maʻi o nā puʻuwai (cirrhosis, hepatosis momona - ke hoʻololi nei i nā peka o nā ate me nā momona momona, nā kōpū o ka ate, a me nā mea āpau).
2. Hoʻopili i ALT a me AST ma muli o nā maʻi o nā kino ʻē aʻe (autoimmune thyroiditis, mononucleosis).
3. ʻO ka infocococial Myocardial he necrosis (make) o kahi ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ma ke ʻano he hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ALT a me AST i loko o ke koko.
4. Hoʻolahalaha i nā leʻaleʻa o ka pēpē ke hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia e ka ʻawa, ka lāʻau a me / a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka maʻi.
5. ʻO nā hōʻeha hōʻeha kino a ʻo nā mea hōʻeha hoʻi i hōʻeha ai i ke ALT i ke koko.
6. ʻO ka pancreatitis a me ke kakī.
7. ʻO nā metastases a i ʻole neoplasms i loko o ka palu.
8. Pane leo lāʻau.
9. Lawe i nā anabolic anabolic.

ʻO AST a me ALT nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka mokuʻāina o nā ʻano like ʻole. Hōʻike ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēia mau enzymes i ka hōʻeha o nā mea kino, e like me ka ʻōpala, ka puʻuwai, nā ʻōpū, nā pancreas, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka waiwai o nā enzymes ati

Hoʻololi, nā catald no ka hoʻololi i ke koena o nā molekene a me nā pūʻulu hana mai ka molekō a i ka molekine, lawelawe ʻia i kahi papa ʻenima kūʻokoʻa.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā hoʻohuli i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka nucleic a me nā waikawa amino, lipids a me nā mea kākoi. Kuhi ʻia ka nui o nā pēpē atila nui e hōʻike ʻia nei no ka AlAT a me AsAT, e hana ana i kekahi mau hana i ka manawa hoʻokahi.

• Hāʻawi ka molecular intracellular synthesell e lawa ka hana o ka ate maʻa.
• Lawe ʻia ʻo Enzymodiagnosis ma ke ana ʻana i ka pae o ka hana o nā kinina i loko o ke koko. Kūpili ʻia ka hilinaʻi ʻana o kēia ala. Ua kau ʻia nā ʻano o nā pehu i loko o ke kanaka olakino i loko o ka pūnaʻi, e waiho wale ana ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka puna ponoʻī.
• Ua hui pū ka hana prognostic o nā enzymes me nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou dynamics i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke koko, ka mea kūpono ia i ke ʻano o ka papa a me ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi.
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā enzyme e hoʻohana ai i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka enzyme hoʻomākaukau i ka wā e nele ai i ke kino.

He aha ka alanine aminotransferase (AlAT)

Hoʻokū ʻia ka hana ʻana o ke kino kanaka i nā ʻōnaehana kemika e like me ka cyclical a loulou ʻia, e hoʻomau a me ka hopena. Hoʻokū ke kahe i ka hana nui i nā kānana koko a me nā ʻōnaehana digestive. ʻO Alanine aminotransferase (AlAT) ka mea nui e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka poli o ka waikawa amino. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā enzyme e loaʻa i loko o ke ake, ka liʻiliʻi ma nā lālā, nā cardiac a me nā ʻihiʻihi o ke kuamoʻo.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka Alanine pono he kumu no ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka glucose glucose wikiwiki no ka lolo a me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka launa ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana. ʻO kahi hōʻike o ke kiʻekiʻe o AlAT a me AsAT i loko o ke koko e hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui i ka maʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a me nā hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai, ka naʻau a me ka pancreas.

ʻO kahi kikoʻī o AlAT e hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā maʻi e like me ke ʻano o ka nui o nā waiwai maʻamau, he mea nui loa ia no nā hōʻailona ʻoluʻolu, ka like o nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi like ʻole. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hōʻailona ALAT e hui pū me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻino o ke kino a hoʻokō i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ala o ka maʻi.

Alat and AsAT. He aha kēia

ʻO Aminotransferases kahi hui o nā enzyme e hiki ai ke hoʻomaloli i nā hopena transamination, e pāʻani ana i ke alakaʻi koʻikoʻi i ka protein metabolism, me ka mālama pūʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka protein a me ka metabolism. ʻO nā hua wai kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi no nā hopena transamination i loko o ke kanaka he alanine aminotransferase (inā ʻaʻole ALT, ALAT) a aspartate aminotransferase (ʻē aʻe AST, AsAT).

Aia kēia mau enzymes i loko o nā kiko o nā kino he nui. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā aminotransferases i ke koko. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hana liʻiliʻi o nā enzymes e nā hana kūlohelohe maoli i ke kino. Hoʻonui ka nui o AlAT a me AsAT e nānā pono i nā māka kele ma nā mea i paʻa ai lākou.

ʻO ke ala no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā aminotransferases ma ka hōʻike koko biochemical i hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma muli o kona naʻau kiʻekiʻe a me keʻano kikoʻī.

AsAT a me AlAT. Kāne lāʻau

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka aspartate aminotransferase ʻaʻoleʻoi aku i kahi 31 IU / L i nā wahine a me 37 IU / L i nā kāne. I nā keiki hou, ʻaʻole pono nā hōʻailona e ʻoi aku ma mua o 70 PIECES / L.

ALAT i nā wahine maʻamau ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 35 IU / l, a me nā kāne - 40 IU / l.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hōʻike i nā hualoaʻa i nā moles / hour * L (mai 0.1 a 0.68 no AlAT a mai 0.1 a i 0.45 no AsAT).

He aha ka mea e pili ai i nā pae transaminase

Hiki i kēia mea ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohewa ʻia ʻana o nā hopena hōʻike:

• ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau:
  • hoʻōla nicotinic
  • immunosuppressants
  • choleretics
  • ʻO ka male ʻana o ka hānau hanohano, a pēlā aku),
• ʻopi momona
• hapai
• nele i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino a i ʻole ka hana kino kino.

Pehea ke aʻo ʻana

No ka hoʻoiliʻana, lawe ʻia ke koko mai kahi vein. Loaʻa nā hopena mai kahi noi noi i loko o 1-2 mau hola. Me nā diagnostics maʻamau, i ka lā.

I kiʻi i nā hopena pono loa, pono ʻoe:

• hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻia (inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole kēia, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau i lawe ʻia).
• hāʻawi hāʻawi i ke koko ma luna o ka ʻōpū ʻole
• ka lā ma mua o ka aʻo ʻana e kāpae i ka hana kino, ka uahi, ka inu wai, ka momona a me ka meaʻai i kāwili ʻia - ʻelua mau lā ma mua.

He aha ka ʻike e pili ana i ka ALaT a me AsAT?

ʻO Alanine aminotransferase a me ka aspartate aminotransferase e hōʻike ʻia e ka hana pili selective. Inā i noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā ʻōlelo o kēia mau kaomi i ka hana a me nā ʻili, e like ka papa inoa me kēia:

• alanine aminotransferase: ate, kidney, myocardium, muscle,
• aspartate aminotransferase: myocardium, ate, uaua, ʻāʻī, pūpū.

ʻO ia, me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana o nā aila o nā enzymes, hiki i ka AsAT ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka luku myocardial, a me AlAT - o ka ate.

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o ka hana o nā enzymes e hiki ai iā mākou ke nānā i ka hohonu o ka hōʻino o nā papa hana. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ma ka meka e pili ana ʻo AlAT i ka cytoplasm, a me AcAT i mitochondria a me kahi hapa i ka cytoplasm.

ʻO ka ratio: aspartate aminotransferase / alanine aminotransferase, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka coefficient de de Ritis. No nā poʻe olakino, aia ka mākaʻikaʻi mākaʻi ma waena mai 0.91 a 1.75 a ʻaʻohe waiwai diagnostic. Pono e helu ʻia ke kūmole i ka wā i ke kaawale ʻana mai ke kumu lāʻau i ka loiloi biochemical.

ʻO ka laʻana, no nā maʻi o ka puʻu, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo alanine aminotransferase kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi. Me ka hepatitis, ʻoi aku ka hana a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa he 10 ma mua o ka manawa, eia nō naʻe, he nui ka nui o ka hōʻola ʻana i AsAT i kēlā mau maʻi e hōʻike i ka nui o nā nodrosis cell cell.

Inā nui ka pae o ka aspartate aminotransferase ma mua o ka mākaukau ALAT, hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loli fibrotic hai i loko o ka poʻe i ka maʻi hepatitis maʻi maʻi. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo ia mau hoʻololi i mālama ʻia i ka waiʻona kolohe a me ka maʻi hepatitis.
Ma kēia e ʻike ai, he nui ka maʻi koʻikoʻi o ka de Ritis. Me hepatitis o etiology virus, he hōʻemi i loko o ka coefficient ma lalo o 1 i nānā pono (ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākaukau o ka maʻi). ʻO nā hōʻike mai kahi hoʻokahi a ʻelua ke ʻano o nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai, me ka loli o ka dystrophic. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka waiwai ce ma luna o 2 hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka necrosis o nā pūpū o nā ate, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he maʻamau kēia no ka waiʻona cirrhosis.

Me ka infarction myocardial, loaʻa i ka hōʻailona ke 2 a i ʻole.

Hoʻonui ʻia ka aspartate aminotransferase, he aha ke ʻano o kēia manaʻo

ʻO ka maʻamau, komo nā transaminases i ke kahe wale nō o ka manawa o ka make kūlohelohe o nā hale kahiko. Hoʻonui ka nui o kēia mau enima i ka wā e hele ai ka luku ʻana i ke kino ma ke ala ʻano ʻole, i.e. ma ka hopena o nā mea hōʻeha, ischemia, dystrophic, inflammatory and necrotic process, autoimmune reaction, intoxications grabe, long term and overloads overloads, and also with the malignant neoplasms.

In myocardial infarction, hiki i ka nui o AsAT ke hoʻonui i 20 mau manawa mai nā kumu maʻamau. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he mau loli ka nānā ʻana o nā loiloi biochemical ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona maʻamau o kahi hōʻehaʻeha puʻuwai ma kahi ECG.

Ma ka huehue o ka coronary maʻa, ua piʻi ka nui o ka assartate aminotransferase ma ke ao, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, hoʻomaka ka waiwai o ka enzyme i ka emi, a i loko o kekahi mau lā e hōʻea i nā kumu maʻamau.

Hoʻonui ka pae o ka huehue me ka nui o ke alo o ka angina pectoris, hoʻopiʻi ka naʻau o ka naʻau, i hele pū me ka bach o ka tachyarrhythmia, ka maʻi puʻuwai mākau nui, trombosis pulmonary, i loko o nā mea maʻi ma hope o ka angiocardiography a i ʻole ka hōʻoki kino ʻana

ʻO nā "Extracardiac" kumu o ka nui o ka hoʻonui i ka aminotransferase aspart he mau maʻi pinepine nā maʻi o nā etiologies. Hiki iā ia:

• hepatitis:
  • waiʻona
  • viral
  • huʻipiʻi nāu
• maʻiʻeha
• neoplasms malignant (a me ka hoʻomohala kūloko ma ka nui, a me ka metastasizing i ka hepatobiliary ʻōnaehana).
• ka hoʻokalakupua o ka hua bile (cholestasis pili me ka aʻalolo o ka dile bile)
• ka mumū o ka gallbladder (cholecystitis) a me nā puka bile (cholangitis).

ʻO Norm ALT a me AST i ke koko kanaka

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā hōʻailona o nā enzymes i ka ʻōnaehana holo, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ka wai holo biochemical. E kiʻi i nā hopena kūpono, e hana ʻia ke noiʻi i ke kakahiaka ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole. Ma mua o kou hele ʻana i ke haukapila no ka nānā ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka meaʻai no ka liʻiliʻi o ʻewalu mau hola. I ka hoʻoholoʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ALT a me AST, pono ke koko venous.

I nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka hapa o ka maʻamau ma mua o nā kāne a he 31 mau ʻāpana / lita. I nā kāne, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka hopena o ALT ma mua o 45 U / L, AST 47 U / L. I ke kamaliʻi, ʻaʻole pono ʻo ALT e ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 U / L. ʻAʻole ʻo ka AST i nā pēpē iʻoi aku ma mua o 149 mau waihona / lita, i nā keiki ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki ʻaʻole e oi aku ma mua o 55 mau waihona / lita. A piʻi aku i ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻo ka nui o ka pae o ka ʻoihana ALT he 33 mau waihona / liter, a ʻeono makahiki - 29 mau waihona / lita. I ka wā'ōpiopio, ʻaʻole pono e kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae o ALT ma mua o 39 mau waihona / lita. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, i ka wā kamaliʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi mai ke ʻano maʻamau, kahi i pili me ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ka kino.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hopena o nā hopena o ka aʻo ʻana ma nā mea hana i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e ke ʻano maʻi o ke koko. No laila, hiki i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī ke hiki i ke ʻōlelo ʻana i kahi kauka loea i ʻike ma ke ʻano o nā hopena.

Hiki i ka ka helu noiʻi ʻana ke hōʻike hewa ʻole inā lawe ka mea maʻi i ka aspirin, paracetamol a i ʻole ka hānau hānau i ka lā ma mua. ʻO keʻano kūikawā, nā hopena o ka lāʻau mai ka valerian a echinacea paha i ke kino i ke ala like. Hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi ke hana i ka hana kino kino a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana ʻana o ka lāʻau intramuscularly.

ʻO nā kumu no ke kau ʻana i ka ALT

Inā hōʻike i ka loiloi ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana enima i loko o kekahi a i ʻole kekahi ʻanuʻu ʻē aʻe, e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi o kēia ʻano. ʻO ke hoʻonui aʻe i nā kuhikuhi ke kumu no nā kumu he nui.

• Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o Enzy ma muli o ka hepatitis a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻeha ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā palekalopona. Me ka hepatitis o nā ʻano like ʻole, e hoʻopau ʻia ana ka nui o nā pū, ma muli o ke ALT e komo ai i ka pūnaehana. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mea i hoʻolako ʻia i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ka ʻeha ma lalo o ka iwi ʻākau, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Hiki i kahi hōʻike koko ke hōʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae bilirubin. Ke piʻi nei i ka pae o ke kanima ma ke koko, hoʻomohala ʻia ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi.
• I ke hopena o ka hala ʻana o myocardial, ua make ka make o nā pūlepa o nā puʻuwai o ke alo, e alakaʻi ana i nā mea pili o ALT a me AST i loko o ke koko. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ka mea maʻi i ka ʻeha ma ke kula o ka puʻuwai, i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino. ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu ka ʻeha a noho mau ma ka hapa o ka hola. ʻO ka mea maʻi ua pōkole o ka hanu, nā nāwaliwali, nā hōʻeha a me ka manaʻo hopohopo no ka make.
• Huli nā maʻi ʻokoʻa o ka ʻano ʻē i ke ʻano o ka kiʻekiʻe o ke ALT i ka ʻōnaehana ka hoʻāla ʻia. Hoʻopilikia koke nei ka maʻi lōʻihi i ka lolo o ka puʻuwai, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o ka enzyme. Ma kēia hihia, ʻeha ka mea maʻi i ka pōkole o ka hanu, nā palpitations, hoʻohaʻahaʻa pinepine ʻia o ke koko.
• Eia nō hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka pae o ka hoʻoulu ma o ke koko ma muli o nā hōʻeha kino like kino, e alakaʻi ana i ka pōʻino o ka ʻōnaehana muscular. Hoʻohui ʻia nā huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka puhi ʻana a me nā ʻeha ʻē aʻe.
• Ma muli o ke kūwaha o ka kiko o ka pancreatic, ulu ka pancreatitis, i loko o ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka enzyme.Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mea maʻi i ka ʻōpū ma loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi hōʻemi koʻikoʻi i ke kaupaona e hele ana, huʻi ka ʻōpū a me nā kīwaha hāmama pinepine.

ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana i AST

Hoʻonui ʻia ka AST i nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, pancreas, a me nā ate. Aia kekahi mau kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pae o ka enzyme i ke koko.

1. ʻO ke kumu nui e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ai ka pae o AST i ka pinepine o ka myocardial infarction. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ALT, e hoʻonui nui ʻia, hoʻonui pinepine ʻo AST i kēia maʻi.
2. Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka ALT ma hope o ka hana ma ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular. Hoʻonui pū kekahi, hōʻailona ma muli o nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe.
3. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻonui i nā pae o ka AST, e like me ALT i ke koko, hoʻoili i ka cirrhosis o nā pepeka, inu i ka waiʻona, hepatitis, maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha.
4. Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i nā pae Enzyme ma muli o nā hōʻeha koʻikoʻi a kuni i nā hōʻeha.
5. ʻO ka heleʻana i kahi maʻi a ʻoi paha ka maʻi o ka pancreatitis e koi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaohi o ka enzyme i ke koko.

Inā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka ALT i nā wahine hāpai

ʻOiai ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā pauna o ka enzyme i nā wahine, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 31 mau kumuwaiwai / lita, i nā mahina o ka wā e hāpai ana i ka hapai ʻana, hiki i kahi mea kākau o nā loiloi ke hōʻike i kahi liʻiliʻi i nā hōʻailona. Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ka mea maʻamau a ʻaʻole pono ia e mālama hou.

Ma ka hope o hope o ka hapai ʻana, hiki i nā wahine ke ulu i ke ʻano o ka hōʻeha ʻana a me ke ʻano maʻalahi, kahi e hiki ai i ka piʻi nui, nāwaliwali, hānai a me nā nausea pinepine. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā pae ALT. Eia kekahi, he mea nui ke kiaʻi pinepine a ʻike. he aha ke ʻano o ka cholesterol i nā wahine hāpai.

Ke hōʻike nei ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻailona i ka loiloi, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka gestosis i kahi wahine hāpai. ʻO ke kumu holoʻokoʻa loa ke ukana nui ma ka ate, ʻaʻohe ona manawa e kū ai iā lākou. Inā ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka hopena o ka hopena o ka ATL, pono kahi hōʻike hou e ʻike i ke kumu.

Pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai iā ALT

No ka hōʻemi i nā pae o nā enzyme i ke koko, pono ia e hōʻemi i ke kumu o ka piʻi o ka pae o ALT. No ka mea pinepine ka poʻe kauka i ka maʻi ʻeha, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa piha.

Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka maʻi āpau i nā kaʻina āpau a me ke kaʻina o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, kuhikuhi ke kauka i kahi hōʻike koko hou. Inā hele ka mea maʻi i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia a hahai i ke ola olakino, ʻo ka mākaukau ALT ma hope o ka hana o ke ʻano e hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka maʻamau.

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pae o nā enzyme i ka lōkō. ʻO ia mau lāʻau me ka Duphalac, Heptral a me Hofitol. Pono lākou e hana koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻōlelo a ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka e hele mai ana. He mea nui ia e lawe i nā contraindications ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻO kēia manawa, e hōʻoluʻolu ke kaila i ke kūlana o kahi kanaka, akā ʻaʻole lākou e kāpae i ke kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pae ALT. Ma hope o ka mea maʻi e lawe i ka lāʻau i kekahi mau manawa, e emi ka nui o nā enzyme no kekahi manawa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu o ka maʻi a ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia.

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

ʻO kekahi mea ka mea e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka lawe ʻana i nā waikawa amino i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka. Aia ka AST (synonym,) i loko o nā pūpuna o ke kinona āpau, akā ʻo ka hapa nui i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka ate a me ka puʻuwai, he liʻiliʻi iki ma ka io o nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū, ka mania a me nā pancreas. Ke komo pū nei nā hana o ka enzyme i ke komo ʻana i ka hua palaoa, ka hana ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana protein e pono ai, ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea kanu momona, a me ka haʻihaʻi o nā pūpū o nā mea make. ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ke koko e hāʻawi i kahi liʻiliʻi loa o ka hoʻihoʻi ma ka kahe, me kahi loli o ke pae, hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi koʻikoʻi. Aia kahi hoʻololi i ka waiwai o AsAT i hōʻike ʻia ma mua o nā mau kikoʻōlelo o ka maʻi.

Hoʻonui kūkaʻa

ʻIke ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe AST kiʻekiʻe i ke kanaka inā loaʻa kēia mau hiʻohiʻona:

• ʻO nā kulekele naʻau (mai ka hepatitis a me ka cirrhosis a me ke kanesa),
• ʻO ka hana maʻamau i ka hana o ka naʻau (ka puʻuwai hōʻeuʻeu, ka puʻe ʻana o ka naʻau),
• ʻO ka thrombosis o nā moku nui,
• Hōʻailona nā pūnaewele o ka necrotization (gangrene),
• Nā ʻehaʻeha (hōʻeha kino i nā ʻōpū), puhi.

ʻO nā kumu no kahi hōʻemi haʻahaʻa o AST e hōʻike i ka hana kino koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka hōʻola ʻia ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau ma ka lāʻau, ka bakō, a i ʻole vitamina.

ʻO ka waiwai maʻamau

Ka ʻokoʻa o ka pae ACAT kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ke ʻano noiʻi noiʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hualoaʻa me nā ala like ʻole o ka hopena. E ʻoluʻolu, ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka ʻōnaehana hōʻikeʻike e ka lāʻau kikowaena i ka palapala loiloi. ʻO ia hoʻi, he ʻokoʻa nā kikowaena ponoʻī o kāna ʻona ponoʻī, i ʻokoʻa i nā kūlana i ʻae ʻia i nā keʻena ʻē aʻe.

Kahi hau AU 680

No nā keiki i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina o ka makahiki, ʻo ka helu o ʻAATATā he 25-75 mau pākeke me ka pākeke. I nā maʻi maʻi (a hiki i ka 14 makahiki), ʻo ka awelika awelika he 15-60.

I nā kāne makua a me nā wahine, ʻokoʻa ka maʻamau:
No nā kāne - 0-50.
No nā wahine - 0-45

Nā hopena o Cobas 8000

Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻailona ʻo AsAT no hoʻokahi pākela o ke koko a ana ʻia i loko o nā alapine hoʻohālikelike.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

ʻO ka ALT (synonyms,) e like me AST, he enzyme, akā alanine aminotransferase ke kuleana no ka neʻe o ka amino acid alanine mai kekahi papa i kekahi. Mahalo i ka enzyme, loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana sentral i ka ikaika no kāna hana, hoʻoikaika ʻia ka pale ʻole, a hoʻoponopono ʻia nā kaʻina metabolic. Hoʻokomo ka mea i ka hana o nā lymphocytes. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia ke ALT i ke koko i nā mea liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ka manaʻo nui o ka enzyme i nā kiko o ka aʻi a me ka puʻupuʻu, he liʻiliʻi iki - i loko o nā hua, nā ʻili, nā spleen, nā māmā a me nā pancreas. Hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻololi o nā manaʻo o ALAT i ke koko i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, akā hiki nō hoʻi i kahi ʻano o ke ʻano maʻamau.

Ke hoʻokau ʻia kahi aʻo

Hiki ke kauka ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua biochemical e nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kinipona AST a me ALT inā he mau hōʻailona pūpū o ka ate a i ʻole kekahi mau mea e hiki ai i kāna hana.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi pūpū:

• Kau ka momona
• Nā ʻeleʻele o ka luaʻi
• ʻO ka heleʻana o nā manaʻo o ka nausea
• ʻEha ka ʻōpū
• ʻO nā kala kala māmā,
• Pāʻeleʻeleʻele
• Kahi melemele o nā papa o nā maka a i ʻole ʻili.
• Ka hele ana o ka iʻe,
• Nā nāwaliwali nui
• Pāʻeha.

Nā mea makaʻi i ka pōʻino o ka ate:

• Ka inu maikaʻi ʻana i ka waiʻona
• ʻO ka hepatitis a me ka jaundice wale nō
• ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka papa palani ma nā pili pili pono,
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻona (hiki i ka anabolic steroid, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, antifungal lāʻau lapaʻau, antibiotics a me nā mea ʻē aʻe),
• Naʻi maʻi mellitus
• Nā ʻilima

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā loiloi no ka hoʻākoakoa ʻana o AsAT a me nā AlAT e hōʻike i ke kūpono o ka mālama ʻana (inā hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka pae ʻana i ka pae kiʻekiʻe, ʻike lākou i ka hopena maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau).

Nā hiʻohiʻona huakaʻi

No nā pahuhopu diagnostic, ʻaʻole wale ka mea o ka hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke koʻina koko o AsAT a me AlAT, akā ke ʻano o ko lākou hoʻonui a hōʻemi paha, a ʻo ka pāʻana o ka helu o ka huina o kēlā me kēia ka mea, he mea nui. Ma ke ʻano he:

Hōʻike ʻia ka infocococion Myocardial e ka hoʻonui i nā manamana ʻelua (AST a me ALT) i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana e nā manawa 1.5-5.

Inā mahele ke aniani o AST / ALT i ka laulima o ka 0.55-0.65, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka hepatitis viral i ke kīpē, a ʻoi aku ka maʻa o ka 0.83 e hōʻike nei i kahi papa maʻi o ka maʻi.

Inā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka AST ma mua o ka pae o ka ALT (ʻoi aʻe ka nui o ka mahele o ka AcAT / AlAT ma mua o 1), a laila ua loaʻa ka hepatitis, hōʻeha ʻeha, a me cirrhosis paha ke kumu o kēlā mau loli.

E hoʻopau i nā hala, pono hoʻi i ke kauka ke loiloi i nā ʻōnaehana koko (i ka hihia o ka pathology o ke ate, ʻo kēia ka bilirubin aminotransferase dissociation). Inā he nui ka piʻi o ka bilirubin e kū i kahi kaila o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pae o nā enzymes i nīnau ʻia, a laila ua manaʻo ʻia kahi ʻano o ke akeʻa a i ʻole kūpaʻa subhepatic.

Nā rula no ka hala ʻana o kahi hōʻike koko koko

Inā hiki ʻole ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā lula o ka hoʻomākaukau no ka nānā ʻana, hiki ke ʻike i nā hopena wahaheʻe, e loaʻa ai ka pono no ka nānā hou a me ke kaʻina lōʻihi no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kekahi mau mea nui:

1. Lawe ʻia ka waiwai i loko o kahi ʻōpū ʻole i ke kakahiaka,
2. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā momona, nā meaʻai kūpono, ka wai ʻawa a me ka meaʻai wikiwiki i ka pōʻalā ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko.
3. Mai ulaula i ka hapalua hola ma mua o ke kaʻina hana,
4. Waiho i ka hoʻokaumaha kino a me ke kaumaha i ka pō ma mua a i ke kakahiaka ma mua o ka hoʻohālike ʻana i ke koko.
5. Mai lawe i ka waiwai ma hope o ka radiography, fluorography, physiotherapy, ultrasound a i ʻole ka nānā i ka rectal.
6. Pono e haʻi aku i ke kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, nā mea kanuʻai a me nā hōʻola ma mua o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka noiʻi ʻana biochemical.

ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o nā maʻi e like me nā hopena o kahi hōʻike no ke ʻano he paʻakikī kahi hana e pono ai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike kūpono, no laila ke kīpē ʻana i nā hualoaʻa e pono ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā kauka kūpono.

He aha ka AST i loko o ke koko a he aha ka mea i hōʻike?

ʻO AST, a i ʻole aspartate aminotransferase, he enzyme e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi acid acid aspartic i loko o kahi pūpuna. Loaʻa ka nui o ka AcAT i loaʻa i ka myocardium (ka puʻuwai naʻau), nā leʻaleʻa, nā ʻōpū a me nā mea māla.

Hoʻololi ʻia ka AST ma ka mitochondria a me ka cytoplasm o nā sela, a no laila, i ka wā e poino ana kekahi pūnaewele, ʻike koke ʻia i ke koko. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana i ka ʻike o ka aminotransferase aspartic he ʻano maoli nō ia o ka pōʻino myocardial akene (no ka laʻana, no ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau). Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻonui i ka enzyme koko ma hope o 8 mau hola mai ka manawa o ka lesion a hiki i kona kiʻekiʻe ma hope o 24 mau hola. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kāʻei o AST i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka naʻau ma ka lā 5.

Pono e loiloi i ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi o ka AST a me ka hōʻailona ALT. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēia nā mea i kapa ʻia nā "ʻili" like, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka hana o ke kaʻina hana. I kekahi manawa ke hoʻonui nei i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hōʻike wale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi nui.

ʻAʻole kūleʻa ka analectry no AST, a hiki ke lawe ʻia maoli.

He aha ka ALT i kahi hōʻike koko

A ALT, a i ʻole alanine aminotransferase, i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko he mea kūlohelohe intracellular i pili i ka metabolism o nā sela, me ka puʻina o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka alanine amino acid. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o alanine aminotransferase i loko o nā peka o ka ate, he liʻiliʻi - ma ka myocardium, māhina māla a me nā ʻōpū.

ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o ALT i kahi hōʻike koko e loaʻa me nā mea ʻino o ka hepatocytes (nā pūpuna o nā lepa). Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka enzyme i nā hola mua ma hope o ka pōʻino a hoʻonui pinepine ʻia i ka hana o ke kaʻina a me ka nui o nā wahi i hoʻopau ʻia.

Aia i ke koʻo o ALT i kahi hōʻike koko biochemical, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻokolokolo i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana o ka hepatitis (hepatitis me ka liʻiliʻi, ʻano nui a kiʻekiʻe paha o ka hana enzymatic), kahi mea i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka maʻi lapaʻau. Hōʻike ia i ka hepatitis hele ʻole me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻāʻina mau. A laila kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ka pōʻino pale me ka ʻole o ka hana enzymatic.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka nui o ke koko ALT a me AST ke kiʻekiʻe i ka hepatitis a hoʻohālike i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cytolysis - luku i nā aila ʻāpana. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka cytolysis, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka prognosis o ka maʻi.

Hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe o AsAT a me AlAT i ka nānāʻana i ke koko

ʻO ka waiwai o nā haʻawina o AST a me ALT e haʻahaʻa loa a hilinaʻi i ka wahine a me ka makahiki. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hōʻailona ma nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.

Papa pākaukau o nā maʻamau o AsAT a me AlAT no nā kāne makua a me nā wahine:

Me ka hoʻonui o AST a i AST i nā kāne a me nā wahine, pono e loiloi i ka helu ʻana o ka coefficient de Ritis - ka māhele o AST i ALT (AsAT / ALAT). ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kona waiwai he 1.33 ± 0.42.

Inā emi ka kaila o ka de Ritis ma mua o ka 1 (ʻo ia hoʻi, lanakila ʻo ALT), a laila hiki iā mākou ke palekana me ka poʻomanaʻo hepatocytes (nā aho pili). ^ E Ha yM. No ka laʻana, me ka hepatitis viral ikaika, ke piʻi nei ka neʻe o ke ALT ma nā manawa he 10, ʻo ka AST ka nui o ka maʻamau ma o 2-3 mau manawa wale nō.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, hiki ke helu wale ʻia i ka mea paʻa inā ke hoʻonui nei nā kumukūʻai ALT a i ʻole AST. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi i nā kumukūʻai o nā loiloi o nā hoʻohālike biochemical i loko o kēlā me kēia kikowaena ʻokoʻa a ʻaʻole paha i hui pū me nā mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei.

Nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana o AsAT a me AlAT

Hiki ke hoʻonui nui i nā alanine a me aspartic aminotransferase i nā maʻi he nui.

ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana o AST i kahi hōʻike koko:

• Myocarditis huehue
• Myocardial infarction
• Hopu thromboembolism,
• ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai rheumatic acute
• Angina hiki ole,
• Nā piliona āpau,
• He hōʻeha nā mākala o nā iwi (nā puʻu ikaika, nā waimaka),
• Myositis, myodystrophy,
• ʻO nā ʻano maʻi āpau.

Nā kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ALT i ke koko:

• ʻO ka cirrhosis o ka pūpū (nā mea make, ka waiʻona),
• ʻO ka pancreatitis acute
• Cholestasis, jaundice cholestatic,
• Mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka puʻuwai ʻona
• ʻO ka maʻi momona
• ʻO ka maʻi hepatitis a me ka maʻi maʻi hepatitis (hepatitis C, hepatitis B)
• Nā neoplasms malignant o ke ake a me nā tractary tract, nā ʻāpana metastases,
• Alikaihue
• He ʻōpala piha
• Ka ʻaeʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hepatotoxic (waha i hoʻohālikelike i ka waha, nā lāʻau noʻonoʻo psychotropic, nā anticancer i nā lāʻau, ka lāʻau chemotherapeutic, sulfonamides, etc.)

Inā ʻike ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka AST a me ka ALT i kahi hōʻike koko, pono e kiʻi koke ʻoe i ke kauka e ʻike i ke kumu o kēia ʻōuli, ʻoiai he hoʻonui pinepine kēia mau hōʻailona i ka hele ʻana o nā maʻi nui.

Hoʻemi ʻia ka AsAT a me AlAT

Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, loaʻa i kekahi manawa nā wā a hāʻule nā ​​kumu ACAT a ALAT ma lalo o ka pākaukau. Hiki i kēia ke hana me ka nui a me ka nui o ka nīnisis mauli (no ka laʻana, i ka hihia o ka hepatitis holomua). ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā pae AST a me ALT e kū'ē i ka hope o kahi piʻi holomua i ka bilirubin i loaʻa kahi kaila kūpono maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka mea ʻoiai he kūpono ka vitamin B6 no ka synthesis o AST a me ka ALT maʻamau. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kaona B6 e pili paha me ka mālama lōʻihi ʻana i ka antibiotic. Hiki ke uku hou i kona hemahema me ke kōkua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau (intramuscular administration of vitamin) a me kaʻai. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka pyridoxine i loaʻa i nā hua o ka hua cereal, hazelnuts, walnuts, spinach, legumes, soy, iʻa a me nā hua.

Hiki i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻa i hoʻēmi i ka neʻe i loko o ke ʻano o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka puʻuwai (no ka laʻana, me ka huihue o ke kino). Eia naʻe, loaʻa pinepine kēia mau kūlana.

ʻO keʻano o nā transaminases i kahi keiki

Loaʻa nā palena o nā waiwai maʻamau no AST a me ALT i ka makahiki o ke keiki.

ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o AST a me ALT i ke koko o kahi keiki, me ka pākeke, hōʻike ʻia ka hopena o nā mea hōʻino i nā hepatocytes. Akā, ʻaʻole e like me nā pākeke, ua pili pinepine kēia piʻi me ka hepatitis a me ke ʻano.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā enzyme hepatic ka lua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ulu ia ma hope o kekahi ʻano o nā pathology. No ka mea, he piʻi nui o ka manaʻo o AST a me ALT hiki i ka hanana me myocardial dystrophy, leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis, vasculitis, etc.

Hana ia ʻo AST a me ALT i nā keiki e hoʻonui i ke pane ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.no ka laʻana aspirin, paracetamol.He mea nui hoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo e noho kiʻekiʻe ʻo AST a me ALT no kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi.

Kāohi

I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka lula o nā hōʻailona i ka palena o ka mea i ʻae ʻia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e pale aku i nā lōʻihi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā hiki ʻole kēia ma muli o kahi maʻi maʻi, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻāʻo pinepine no AcAT no ka mea ʻaʻole e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia, a i ʻole e pale ai i ka piʻi koʻikoʻi i ka manawa. ʻO kēlā me kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e kipa i kahi gastroenterologist a me ka hepatologist, nāna e ʻike i kahi maʻi e hiki ai ke kuhikuhi i ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā mea e hana inā hoʻokiʻi ʻia ka ALT a me AST

I mea e ʻike koke ai i ka kumu maoli no ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae hana o nā loina ALT a me AST, pono ia e hoʻolilo i nā loiloi biochemical.

ʻO ka mea mua, pono ke hoʻoholo i nā pae o ka bilirubin piha, phosphatase alkaline a me GGTP (gamma-glutamyltransferase) a nānā i ke pae o ka mālama ʻana i nā hana maʻamau o nā ate. E hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano o ke kino o ka pōʻino o ka pūpū (ka maʻi hepatitis viral), kahi i hele pū ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ALT a me AST i ke koko, pono ia e hāʻawi i ke koko i nā antigens kiko o ka hepatitis viral a me nā antibodies kikoʻī i kēia mau antigens.

I kekahi mau hihia, hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike PC serum o ke koko no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka HBV DNA a me ka HCV RNA.

He aha kahi hōʻike AlAT e hana ai no?

Hāpai ka huakaʻi endogenous AlAT ma ke ʻano he mākaukau paʻa i nā hōʻike o ke ake - nā ʻimi kūwili i ka hana hoʻokolohua diagnostic. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Alanine aminotransferase ma muli o ke syntacellular synthes, no laila, aia i loko o ke koko i nā pulu liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ke ʻano koko no ka mālama ʻana AlAT i ke kanaka olakino e hōʻike ana i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā maʻi a i ʻole ka hōʻino i ka ate e make i ka make o kāna mau sela, ʻoiai ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka enzyme intracellular ate AlAT i loko o ke kahe wai, ka mea, me kekahi mau mea e hōʻike ai, he mālamalama mākaukau loa nā hana hōʻeha. Ke neʻe nei nā mana o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai ka pae normative, ka mea nui i luna, he hōʻailona kumu ʻole o ka maʻi ʻoli a hoʻomaka a i ʻole he kaʻina nui o kona luku ʻia.

ʻO kahi mākaukau nui o ALAT i nā wahine hāpai, me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a me kekahi kūlana pathological ke hiki ke mālama ʻia. Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka make ʻana o AlAT ma ke koko ma mua o nā hōʻike o ka jaundice, ka mea e ʻimi ai i ka wīwī o nā maʻi ʻoi ʻana.

ʻO ka mea nāna e kuhikuhi i kahi hōʻike no AlAT

Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike no AlAT ma mua o kekahi mau mau hōʻailona a me nā mea:

Nā hōʻailona pūpū o ka ate:

• nāwaliwali, nāwaliwali makemake, ka nausea a me ka luaʻi,
• ʻeha ka ʻōpū, jaundice,
• pouli a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā feces.

ʻO nā mea pilikia no ka maʻi pūpū:

• hehi maʻi mua
• mea inu wai inu
• maʻi maʻamau a me ke kūloko,
• kumu kumu
• ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia ai i ka nui o ka atea.

Hana ʻia ka hōʻike koko AlAT no kēia mau pahuhopu:

• ke nānā ʻana i ka hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai ma muli o nā hōʻeha,
• ka ʻike ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hilinaʻi kūloko i ka hoʻolālā o kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā hōʻailona pili,
• ka loiloi o nā hopena o ka lāʻau anticholesterol a me ka nui o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e kūleʻa ana i ka ʻāʻī,
• ʻike i ke kumu o ka jaundice i ka mea maʻi - maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ke ʻano he hana koko.

ʻO ka mea maʻi i kau aku ai i ka hōʻike AlAT ma ke ʻano e hōʻike aku i kāna kauka e pili ana i ke kumu o nā kumu e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ka pono o nā hopena ka nānā ʻana.

• ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kanuʻai a me nā hua ʻai i ka lāʻau (kūmole waha a me ka aspirin, warfarin a me ka paracetamol, nā kuli o ka valerian a me ka echinacea),
• hiki paha ka hānau
• nā pepeke
• Wili a Intramuscular
• Hoʻoulu hou ʻia ma hope o ka hōʻoki ʻana me ka cardiac catheterization,
• ka hana kino olakino ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hōʻike ma ke koko venous o ka mea maʻi, hiki ke mākaukau nā hopena ma kahi o 12 mau hola.

Nā pae kiʻekiʻe AlAT

Ka palena iki o AlAT ma ke ʻāpana o ka paʻakikī "biochemistry koko" i ʻokoʻa iki i loko o nā limahana ʻokoʻa, akā no ka maʻamau ka palena o kēia hōʻaike no nā kāne he 10-40 mau waihona / lita, no nā wahine - mai 7 a 35 mau kumumokuʻo. ʻO nā kūmole no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā maʻi he pae nui loa o ke kumu o AlAT.

Minor:

• lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea kanu (nā antibiotics a me barbiturates, chemotherapy a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau),
• cirrhosis o nā ʻiʻo
• pūleʻa momona momona,

ʻAno maʻamau

• ka ʻalo ʻana i ka wai
• kekahi ʻano o ka hepatitis
• ka ulu ʻana o nā pilikia i ka wā'ōpiopio,

Kiʻekiʻena:

• kanesa maʻi,
• ka maʻi hepatitis,
• ʻano o ka pīhoihoi.

Pehea e pili ai ke kiʻekiʻe o Hepatitis Alanine Aminotransferase i ka Sex

Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻepekema Lūkini ma hope o 320 mau kānaka, a ʻo kēlā me kēia poʻe maʻi a me ka olakino (hui pūpū), ʻike i loko o nā wahine me CVH ka loaʻa ʻana o ka helu ALaT ma 78.6% o nā hihia ʻaʻole i pili i ka nui o ka maʻi. I kekahi mau maʻi, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi pae maʻamau o alanine aminotransferase.

I nā kāne, ʻo ka nui o nā hihia o ka hepatitis, ʻaʻole i hele pū ʻia me ka nui o ka piʻi ʻana o kēia enzyme, ʻo 21.4% wale nō, ʻo ia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne he 3.7 mau manawa. Eia kekahi, ʻoiai me ka like o ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, i nā wāhine, ʻo 1.5 kēia mau mea haʻahaʻa.

He mana nui paha ka kino wahine no ka hakakā ʻana i nā patologi pepeke, no laila, inā he mākaʻikaʻi o ka wahine nāwaliwali he mau hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā "pilikia ati", a laila hoʻokolokolo ʻana ʻAʻole lawa ka Alanine aminotransferase - ʻaʻole paha ia e aʻo. He mea pono, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, ma lalo i ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka ultrasound o ka ate.

I mea e kiʻi ai i ke kiʻi maoli o nā mokū, pono ʻoe e alakaʻi i nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo pololei me ka wahine paha he ʻano iki a ʻaʻole paha. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā neʻe o ka wahine kūpono i ka papa latent of CVH, i ka manawa i kūpaʻa ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻā ʻana o ka maʻa ma hope, i mua o ka haʻi ʻia, i kekahi manawa hikiʻole ke loli. Eia kekahi, e hōʻike ʻia lākou e ka hoʻihoʻi hou wikiwiki i ka pae ALaT maʻamau ma hope o ka maʻi o Botkin, kahi pili pū kekahi me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka kino wahine.

Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā mea āpau a ke nānā nei i nā kāne a me nā wahine no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pathology hepatic.

Ka hilinaʻi Sex i nā pae alanine aminotransferase i ka hepatitis viral

Norma ALaT me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hepatitis, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ma 20 a i ʻole 100 mau manawa. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ke kuleana o ke kumu o kēia pathology (viruses, poisoning, erythrocyte hemolysis).

• ʻO ka maʻi o Botkin ka hoʻonui ʻana o kēia laʻana biochemical hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka like ʻana o ka jaundice a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Eia pū kekahi kaʻano o ALAT i ke koko hiki ke hoʻonui hou i kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi, e hoʻi ana i ka maʻamau (wahine - 31 ʻenehana / lita, nā kāne - 45 mau ʻāpana a me ka lita) i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule.
• Me ka "syringe" maʻi hepatitis, ka mea nui i ka papa me ke kūpaʻa a me ka protracted (CVH), hiki i kēia ʻōmaha ke loli mau. I kekahi manawa ke hilinaʻi nei i ke kahua o ka kaʻina o ka infectious, a ma kekahi mau mea he paʻakikī ke paʻakikī e wehewehe.
• ʻO kahi jaundice kikoʻī kumu nō hoʻi hiki i nā loli like ʻole i ka neʻe o ke ALaT. Me kēia kulekele pili pae Alanine aminotransferase i loko o ke koko hiki ke piʻi i 600 IU / L i kēlā me kēia lā, a laila, hoʻi hou i loko i kahi maʻamau i nā lā ʻelua.

Inā loaʻa i ka jaundice obstructive ma muli o ke kanesa o ka nui o ka maʻi maʻamau, a laila kiʻekiʻe ka hopena o ke alanine aminotransferase.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā paʻi maʻamau o AlAT i nā wahine hāpai

I kahi wahine olakino, ʻo AlAT, ʻaʻole i loli ka lula i ka wā hāpai a pono e hui pū me nā waiwai i mua o ka ʻāʻī ʻana. I nā hihia kahi i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo AlAT i ka wā hāpai, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā kumu ʻaʻole i pili ʻole i nā maʻi.

• papa ʻaina intramuscular
• Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka wahine hāpai
• mea ʻai wikiwiki,
• ka paʻa ʻole ʻana i nā meaʻaiʻaiʻai,
• ʻopi momona
• ke kau ʻana i ka maʻi fetal, e pale ana i ka puka ʻana o nā hua bile.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale o nā mea kanu, nā hana kino pilikino, ka mālama ʻana o ka paona a me nā lāʻau choleretic e hoʻohālikelike i nā kīpē o ka huina.

Ke hilinaʻi nei o ka pae o AlAT ma ka makahiki a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe

Ma luna o ka papa o ke ola o ke kanaka, ua loli ke pae o ALaT. Pono e ʻike i kēia i mea e koho pololei ai i ka ALaT i loko o kahi hōʻike loiloi biochemical.

• I nā keiki pēpē piha piha, ʻo ke ʻano o ke alanine aminotransferase mai 10 a 17 U / L.
• Inā hānau mua ka pēpē, aia paha kēia helu i ka 13-26 U / L, a ʻo ka nui o kēia mau wai i ke koko o nā pēpē i hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia lā.
• Mai ka lā ʻeono o ke ola a hiki i 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, e piʻi nui ana ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka index alanine aminotransferase a me ka nui o 30 U / L. ʻO kēia, aia i nā mahina ʻeono i loko o ke kino o ke pēpē i nā hana biochemical āpau "hoʻoikaika maoli" nō, no ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki i waho o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine.
• Mai ka mahina ʻehiku a i hoʻokahi makahiki, ke hōʻike nei kēia hōʻailona ma ka 13-25 o U / L. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻoleʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine.
• Mai ka makahiki a hiki i ka 14 makahiki, ua ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka alanine aminotransferase i nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine. Eia nō hoʻi, ma ka wahine wahine ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kāne. No nā kaikamahine o ke kula preschool, e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka makahiki 13-18 U / L, a no nā keikikāne, aia ka palena ma mua o ka 22 U / L. E hoʻomau kēia ʻano i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻeʻo Alanine Aminotransferase

• A hiki i ka makahiki 60, ʻo ke ʻano o ke alanine aminotransferase i nā kāne he 1045 U / L, aʻo ALAT he maʻamau i loko o nā wahine i kēia manawa wale nō 10-31 U / L.
• Hiki ke loli ka nui o kēia ʻano o ke koko i ka wā hapai, a laila ʻaʻole nā ​​wahine āpau. I kekahi mau manawa, ʻaʻole mau i loli. Inā he liʻiliʻi iki ka makuahine o ka wā e hiki mai ana i ke kiʻekiʻe ALaT a nui i ka 35 U / L, ʻaʻole kēia ke kumu no ka hopohopo. Hoʻonui ʻia ka ALaT i ka wā hapai ma o ka hapanui ke hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻōpū i hiki i ka nāwaliwali ke kau i nā kiko o ka bile a i ʻole kekahi manawa liʻiliʻi i ka kiko biliary. ʻAʻole pono e makaʻu i kēia kūlana o ka ʻāina - ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka hānau ʻana o ka nahu, e hoʻi ana i nā maʻi maʻamau. Eia naʻe, inā e hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ALaT i loko o ke koko i ka wā hāpai, a hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia mea i nā helu he nui, pono e ʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hou, no ka mea, pili paha kēia i ka hana hewa o ka palupalu, aʻeha a me ka puʻuwai.
• I ka manawa e "pae" ai ka poʻe i ka 60 makahiki, e loli ana ka nui o ka alanine aminotransferase i ke koko. ALaT maʻamau i nā kāne o kēia makahiki mai 10 a 40 mau pūʻulu / lita, a no nā wahine paha ia he 10,28 mau papana / lita. Ma kēia pae, hoʻomau ka ʻike o ka alanine aminotransferase a hiki i ka hopena o ke ola.

Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole mau ka papa maʻamau i ke koko o kahi mea i hāʻawi ʻia e hōʻike ana ke ola kino. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻoiai me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi o ka pūpū a me nā pōpoki, ʻaʻole i loli ka hōʻailona, ​​akā, no ka wahine kūpono ʻole. ʻO ia ke kumu he hana hoʻokaʻawale kahi o ka paʻa ʻana o kēia enzyme i ke koko i hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ai. ʻO ka pinepine, hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana biochemical i ʻokoʻa, ka mea e ʻae ʻia i ka manaʻo o ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ke kino.

He aha ka aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT)

ʻO ka endogenous enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AcAT) ke kuleana no ka hikiwawe i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka ammonia mai nā waikona amino no kona hoʻoiho hou ʻia ʻana i ke kaikoʻo urea. ʻIke ʻia ka AsAT ʻaʻole wale i ka loko, akā nō hoʻi i ka naʻau pono o ka naʻau a me ka lolo, nā ʻōpū a me ka spleen, nā ʻōpū a me nā pancreas. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kūlohelohe o ka syntect, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka AcAT i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mokuʻāina o ka myocardium a me nā leʻa. Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi hōʻike koko koko biochemical no AsAT a me AlAT, me kā lākou ratio, hoʻokele nā ​​kauka e wānana i ka hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona nui.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ASAT e like me kahi mākaʻeneʻe i ka hopena ʻano maʻi o kekahi mau maʻi.

• ʻO ka cirrhosis a me ka hepatitis,
• Nā metastases hāmeʻa
• Jaundice o nā ʻano kumu.

Inā, e like me nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kiʻekiʻe ALAT ma mua o ka nui o ka maʻamau no ka AsAT, ʻo ia kahi hōʻailona o ka hōʻino o ka ate. Inā hoʻonuiʻia ʻo AsAT ma mua o AlAT, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi mana o ka make myocardial cell. ʻO ka hana hana nui o ka alanine aminotransferase hiki ke loaʻa ae lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o AcAT a me AlAT i ka wā hāpai, pale ʻole a i ʻole pyridoxine nele.

Kahi e hele ai i nā hōʻike ʻino ma St. Petersburg

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hoʻokolohua no nā enzyme atime AlAT a me ASaT. Aia ka wahi lapaʻau ma St. Petersburg, kokoke i ka metro. Hōʻoia mākou i nā hopena kūpono, sterility a me ka pilikino.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau