ʻO ka hana o nā kālaiā i ke kino o ke kanaka

ʻO ka hana o nā mea laʻa.Ma ke kino, hana i nā kākela (U) i ka 1% o ka paona o ke kino a me ka 50% o lākou i loko o ka maʻa a me nā ʻōpū, a loaʻa ka glycogen i nā mea āpau o ke kino. Mamuli o ka hoʻolālā, solubility, wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka hoʻohana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka glycogen, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻia ʻo U i ka maʻalahi a me ka paʻakikī. I maʻalahiHoʻokomo lākou i ka monosaccharides: glucose a me ka fructose, a me ka disaccharides: sucrose - ke kōpaʻa gula, lactose - ka waiū waiū. I Hana paʻakikī U komo i ka polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, fiber a pectin.
ʻO nā hana nui o Y ka:
1) U - nā mea hoʻolako nui o ka ikehu e pili ana i ka ʻai me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻai. I ka wā hoʻokūkū, emit lākou, like B, 4 kcal (16.7 kJ). No ka U, 55% o ka ikehu o ka ikehu o ka papa o kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻolako ʻia,
2) me ke kōkua o U ma ke koko a me ka lymph, mālama ʻia kahi mālama o ka ʻenehana hana i ke ʻano o kekahi kaʻe o ka glucose e pono ai no ka mālama pono ʻana i nā lā a nā lā, ʻoi aku nā wahina nerve.
3) me ke kōkua o U, mālama ka mālama i ke kahe o ka ikehu olakino ma ke ʻano o ka glycogen (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū) pono e mana i nā ʻūlapa e lilo i nā pā wela wela o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka pō, ua ʻoi loa ka glycogen i momona.
4) U hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻololi ʻana o W a me B, e hoʻopakele ʻia me ka nui o ka ʻai a me ka hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻana o ka Y a hoʻopau ʻia e ke kino me ka nele o U. ʻO ia ʻo U e mālama iā B mai ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana no nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
5) ka pectin a me ka momona, ka mea i hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi ʻia, akā hoʻopōmaikaʻi i ke kino: a) hana i ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū nui, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mea huna o nā kōpona launa a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka meaʻai, c) holoi ikaika i nā paia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, kani i kāna hana a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka puʻuwai, c) ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana ma lalo o ka mana o ka microflora i loko o ka ʻōpū nui, hana lākou i kekahi microflora "maikaʻi" i loko o ia mea, he mea kuhi i nā microflora pathogenic, kekahi o nā mea hana o ka ʻōnaehana a me ke kumu o vit. K.
Pono i U he 300-600 g i ka la. Luku i nā pancreas a me nā mea naʻau. Inā ʻaʻole holo ʻole nā ​​ʻuʻina (ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala, nele i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa), a laila hiki ʻole i kahi pancreas ke hoʻokō, ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka maʻi maʻi. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o U, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka māhele o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka ʻōpala U (gula) e pili ana i ka heluna nui o U. No ka poʻe pākeke, ʻoi ka nui o nā kime o 20-25%. No nā poʻeʻelemakule a me ka poʻe me ka hana naʻauao, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ke kōpiha iʻoi aku ma mua o 15% (ka pale ʻana i ka momona nui)
Na kumu WʻO ka punawai nui o ke kō aʻe o ka ikehu o ka ikehu i ko mākou kūlike i ke kō - nā ʻuala, kahi huahana o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka ʻike o nā mea koʻikoʻi (ma Africa - bananas). E like me nā ʻōlelo a ka Pyramid o Nutritation i loko o kaʻaiʻai maikaʻi, ʻo nā kumu kumu o nā huaʻai e pono ai nā cereals - brown brown, buckwheat, oatmeal, pearl barley, millet. Nā kumuwaiwai o nā mea pectin - nā huaʻomaʻi, nā pākeke, nā hua citrus, nā kaloti, ka paukena. Pākuʻi ka huaʻai i nā mea kanu, nā ʻaiā, nā mea kanu, ka berena palaka, pasta, cereals. ʻO ka Glucose a me ka fructose he māhele meli, nā hua ono a me nā huaʻai, mai kahi a lākou i maʻalahi ai e hoʻopili ʻia mai ka wai. Hiki mai ka Lactose ka waiū a me ka tīhi.
40. ʻO nā kumu kumu o ka ʻai maikaʻi (kūlohelohe i ka pono o ke kino, kaʻai kaulike a me ka ʻai).Maʻaola maikaʻi - ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai ke olakino olakino e like me kāna ʻōpio, ka wahine, ka physiology a me ka limahana, he wahi paʻa o ke ola kino. Rationality o ka pono o ka ai i loko o ka intake kaʻai me ka meaʻai o nā mea a pau o kona wahi, i ka mea kaulike a me ka manawa, i.e. ma ke ʻano. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ia i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino a pale i ka maʻi haʻahaʻa (cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, etc.) a me nā mea ʻai (nutritional) maʻi.
Ma ka meaʻaiʻai (lapaʻau) hoʻonaʻauao - ʻO kēia ka mea pono o ka mea maʻi, kahi i hana ʻia ai i ka ʻohi meaʻaiʻai a i ʻole ke hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka papaʻai ʻana i nā mea maʻi e hoʻohana no nā kumu therapeutic a prophylactic paha. Dietetics kahi lālā lāʻau lapaʻau e aʻo ai a hoʻoikaika i ke ʻano a me nā kūlana kūlohelohe no nā maʻi like ʻole.
Hoʻopau maikaʻi i ke olakino- ʻO kēia ka mea momona o nā kānaka o kekahi mau ʻoihana a i ʻole nā ​​kamaʻāina o ka ʻona i makemake ʻole i ka ʻona. Hoʻāʻo ia e hōʻemi i nā hopena pōʻino o ka ʻenehana a i ʻole nā ​​mea kūlohelohe a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi o ka hana a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻona.
Ma lalo o nā paeʻai o ka meaʻai physiological lawa kupono, i.e. e like me ka wahine, ka makahiki a me nā kumu ikehu, ke komo ʻana i nā mea a pau o ka meaʻai, ka nui o nā mea he 50 mau mea - B, F, U, vitamina, micro a me nā macro element, ka wai. Ke hoʻomau nei i nā ʻano physiological ma ka Russian Federation, ua aʻo ʻia kēia mau mea e pili ana i nā wahi i noho ai ka ʻāina, ma muli o kahi kumu o ka Institute of Nutrition RAMS i hōʻuluʻulu i nā "Physiological Norms of Nutrition of Various Populat of the Russian Federation" (1991). Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka makahiki, ka wahine a me ka hana hana, ua māhele ʻia ka heluna kanaka āpau i 16 mau pūʻulu e like me ke alapine ʻana i ka meaʻai: 3 - o nā pēpē a me 4 - o nā makahiki preschool, 2 - ʻōpio, 5 mau kānaka a loaʻa nā kino a me nā 2 penikala. No nā makua ua noi ʻia - 1600 kcal, no nā kaikamahine ʻōpio a me nā kāne - 2200 kcal, no nā kāne'ōpio a me nā wahine ikaika - 2800 kcal.
ʻO ke koena kūpono- kēia ka ʻono o nā meaʻai a pau me ka meaʻai i loko o kekahi helu helu a me ka qualitative i waena o lākou, pono no ko lākou assimilation maikaʻi aʻe. ʻO nā ʻōlelo nui no ka kaupaona ʻana:
1) ma waena o B: F: Y e pono e mālama ʻia ke ʻano: no ka poʻe i komo i ka hana noʻonoʻo - 1: 1.1: 4.1, me ka hana kino ma ke kino - 1: 1.3: 5 (i ka mālama olakino - me ka obesity 1: 0.7: 1,5, me ka hina ole o ka pilikia - 1: 2: 10),

2) B nā mea holoholona i mea e pono ai ʻo 55% o ka huina o ka B, a me ke koena - o ka lau,

3) no ka nui o nā huila o nā aila kālala pono i 30% (kahi kumu o nā momona momona pono),

4) i waena o U, hikiʻole i ka digestible U ke lilo i 75-80% (cereals, berena, pasta, pateta), maʻalahi ka digestible - 15-20%, fiber (pectins) - 5%,

5) ka māhele o ka CA: P: Mg e pono nā mea 1: 1.5: 0.5,

6) kālele ke kaulike o nā huaora kumu e kau ai i ka 1000 kcal: vit. C - 25 mg, B₁ - 0.6 mg, V₂ - 0.7 mg, V₆ - 0.7 mg, PP - 6.6 mg (ma kaʻai i mālama ʻia a i ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hypovitaminosis kā lākou helu pālua).

Mana Kūlana -eia ka (1) manawa a me (2) ka helu o ka ʻai, (3) ka pae waena ma waena o lākou, ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻai e like me (4) ka ikehu, (5) ka hoʻonohonoho i ʻai a me (6) ka nui e like me ka papaʻaina. pohō o ka wai ʻihi. Māmā ʻia kēia i ke kūlana, papa hoʻonohonoho, ka haʻalele ʻana o nā mea i haʻalele i nā meaʻai (heluhelu, kelepona). ʻO ka hana ʻole e hoʻokō i ka meaʻai i ka hopena maikaʻi i ke olakino a alakaʻi i nā maʻi (gastritis, obesity, hoʻohaʻemi ke kaumaha, atherosclerosis, etc.).
ʻO nā kumu koʻikoʻi o ka meaʻai: a) ke kīpī ʻano paʻa o ka meaʻai i 4-5 mau manawa i ka lā, b) nā uka ma waena o nā inikua ʻaʻole pono e oi aku i 3-3,5 mau hola i nā keiki mua, 3.5-4 mau hola no nā keiki o ke kula, nā ʻōpio a me nā pākeke. ʻO 4-5 mau hola, e hāʻawi ana i ka ukana like ʻole ma luna o ka mea hoʻoneʻe ʻana, ka nui o ka hopena o ka huina o ka huina ma ka meaʻai a me kona hoʻopiha hou ʻana, c) ka wehe ʻana o nā wā lōʻihi ma waena o nā meaʻai. ʻO ka ʻai nui ua lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi lā, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka wā e hiamoe ai, kau ma luna o ka gastrointestinal tract, hoʻolilo i ka hiamoe maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻopau i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular. E hoʻihoʻi hou i ka hana o nā kuhi ʻili, pono i nā hola 8. hoʻomaha ka po. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka pāʻina 3 mau hola ma mua o ka hiamoe.Hoʻololi ʻia ka māhele o ka meaʻai maʻamau i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ka hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā. Me 4 mau meaʻai o nā pākeke, ke kumukūʻai ikaika o ka ikehu kakahiaka kakahiaka - 20-30%, ʻaina awakea - 40-50%, kaʻaina awakea - 10-25% a me ka ʻaina ʻaina - 15-20%. I ka manawa 3: kakahiaka kakahiaka - 30%, ʻaina awakea - 45-50% a ʻaina awakea - 20-25%.
41. Ke kumu kūʻai o ka ikehu no nā hana like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka ʻai o ka makahiki hana mea e hoʻoholo ʻia e ka ikaika o ka hana: 5 mau pūʻulu i nā kāne a me 4 i nā wahine.

ʻAi kau i kēlā me kēia lā - kēia ka mea e hoʻohui ai a me ka nui o nā huahana meaʻai e hoʻohana ʻia e kekahi kanaka i ka wā o ka lā.
42. Pono pono i ka meaʻai:
1. Pono pono ikehu waiwai i.e. ka nui o ka ai a me ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai e uhi ai i ka ikehu o ke kino o ke kino,

2. Pono pono olakino waiwai: a) hoʻokomo i ka lawa ʻekika mea e pono ai nā kumuhana palika a me nā hana physiological, a me b) kēia mau mea e pono i kahi kaulike i kekahi me kekahi.

3.s maikaʻi maikaʻi assimilable (ka mea e pili ana i ka kikoʻī a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau),

4 pono e loaʻa ka makemake a loaʻa organoleptic kiʻekiʻe nā waiwai (loaʻa ka leʻaleʻa maikaʻi a me ka ʻono e kūpono i ke ʻano o ka huahana, ke ʻano, ka ʻoni a me ke ʻano)

5) pono ʻokoʻa (ma muli o kona ʻokoʻa + ka hoʻomōla ʻana o ka maʻi kulana),

6) pono hana piha ka piha (i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka kikoʻī a me ka leo),

7) pono maikaʻi ʻole a maikaʻi ʻole i ka nānāʻana o ka maʻemaʻe-epidemiological (me nā kika, nā mea hoʻopau a me nā meaʻinoʻino).

Naʻu Pula
Nā ʻepekemaʻepekema -niana i hoʻomohala i ka "Pyramid o Nutritional". Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pyramid i kahi meaʻai palekana a hōʻike i ka nui a me nā mea e pono ai e hoʻopau ʻia a ua mākaukau ka meaʻai. Aia ka Pyramid 6 mau pūʻulu o nā huahana ma ka puʻupuʻu e like me ka nui o ka poʻe o ke kikowaena o Russia: 1) nā momona a me nā ʻono (5%), 2) ka waiū a me nā huahana kīwī (10%), 3) ka ʻiʻo, hua manu, legumes (10%), 4 ) nā mea kanu a me ka 5) nā hua (30%), 6) berena a me nā palaoa (40%). Hāʻawi kēlā i kēlā me kēia pūʻulu i nā mea pono i loaʻa i loko o kēia pūʻulu, akā ʻaʻohe mea o nā pūʻulu e hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā lākou a pau. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Pyramid o nā meaʻai kūlohelohe i kaʻaiʻai palaoa (a hiki i ka 40%), e hāʻawi ana i ke kino me nā mea ʻalaʻī a paʻakikī, nā minerala a me nā fiber. ʻO ka hapakolu o nā meaʻai e pono nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i momona i nā huaora, nā minereka, pectin a me nā fiber. ʻO ka ʻiʻo a me ka waiū ma ka hoʻonaʻauao 10% e hoʻolako i ke kino me ka nui o ka palaka, ka calcium, ka hao, ka zinc a ʻaʻole hoʻi i kau i nā momona a me nā kolamu. Noho nā ʻōpala a me nā huluhulu i kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o ka pyramid a pono e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka maʻalahi. Kuhi ʻia ka nui o ke kō e ʻo ka makahiki, ka wahine a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.
43.Nā hoʻohui hoʻohui biologically (BAA)
ʻO nā mea hoʻohui mea e kamaʻilio ana i nā mea i kā mākou meaʻai - kūlohelohe a kūlike paha no nā mea kanu ʻolaola kūlohelohe, i manaʻo ʻia no ka lawelawe waha ma loko o kā mākou papaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono lākou e hoʻohana i ke olakino olakino (no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi + hoʻolaʻa + e hōʻemi i ka hiki ʻana o nā hopena maikaʻi loa.
Kākoʻo - ʻĀLOHE MAKAʻU WAHI! Pono nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi, a me nā meaʻai meaʻai - no ka hoʻoponopono ke olakino olakino a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi. ʻO ka palekana o nā kumukanawai o ka papaʻai (me ka pono ʻole) e nānā ʻia e nā limahana o ka lawelawe kino a me ka maʻi epidemiological ma palekana e like me nā kuhikuhi "Ka wehewehe ʻana i ke palekana a me ka hana pono o nā mea kanu meaʻai i ka meaʻai" (1998). ʻO ka palekana a me ka hana pono o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e nānā ʻia e ke Komite Pharmacological a ke Keʻena o ke Ola olakino a me nā Hoʻohui ʻĀpana o ka Lūkini Russian no ka hele mai ʻana oho'ōlawaiwai e like me ka Pharmacopoeia.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumukanawai a me nā mea lapaʻau me ka parapharmaceutical.
Nā mea kūʻai - Eia nā mea kūlohelohe o ka meaʻai (nā huaora, nā minelala, nā mea ʻalima, nā waikawa amino), nā mea nui o ka kino. He ʻokoʻa ko lākou kumu. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hoʻoponopono i ka kaila kemika o ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā hana nui e hana ʻia e nā papa ʻaina meaʻai:
1) hoʻopau ka nele o nā meaʻala, nā hoʻohui kai - ʻo ia nā mea like ʻole a mākou e pōʻino ai i ka wai (Ca, Mg, mau aora, nā mea ʻona), ma muli o ka pono o ka nui o ka nui a me nā haʻalulu calorie o nā meaʻai. No laila, pono e lawe ʻia i nā kumu pale i ka hoʻohui,

2)aʻae i ka meaʻai no kahi kanaka olakino kūikawā, e pili ana i ka makahiki, ke ʻano wahine, ka hoʻoikaika kino. I kahi lehulehu o nā kūlana o ke kino, ʻo kēia mau mea e pono e lawe i loko o kahi nui (mau huaora a me ka protein no nā mea hoʻokūkū a me nā mea hoʻopakele, i ka wā hāpai, hana nui, ʻehaʻeha, a me kekahi mea).

3)uku nā mākelika loli hoʻololi no nā mea ʻai o kahi mea maʻi, me ka hōʻea ʻana i nā lāʻau he nui i ka wā o kahi maʻi, etc.

4)hoala ka pale ʻole ʻana o ke kino mai nā pōʻino (i ke anuanu - vit. C, eleutherococcus). ʻO kēia nā mea hana a me nā mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka nui o ka ikaika o ka kino a i kāna mau hana pilikino (ka hana o ka lolo, ka hana ʻana, ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana),

5)e hoʻihoʻi kaomi ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale wikiwiki aʻe ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā meaʻona ʻona mai ke kino, loli ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻona a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻawaʻawa (ke kāleka no ka maʻi maʻi.

6)maopopo ke kino mai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā huahana metabolic (ma loko o nā wahi, nā moku). He mau antiioxidants kēia - nā mea hao mai nā radical free hōʻino e luku ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale,

7)hoʻāla maʻamau hana 'ēwili ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka papa gastrointestinal - he mau enzymes, fiber, pectin, nā pōmaikaʻi momona (bifidobacteria) e hoʻihoʻi ana i ka hoʻopili a me ka hana ʻana o ka microflora intestinal.

He mea waiwai nui nā mea kanu pilikino o ka mea kanu a me nā holoholona i mea nui ʻia ma mua o ka hana kiʻi synthesized. ʻOi aku lākou i ka pale aku i ka hoʻopili ʻana, me ka hoʻohui pū i kahi ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu, a no laila e hoʻopili pono ʻia e ke kino a loaʻa i kahi ākea ka nui o ka hana.
ʻO ka momona e hiki ai i nā huaora a me ke kalala. ʻO ka pahuhopu hope loa o nā mea lapaʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ke kanaka, e hoʻoikaika i ka olakino a pale i nā maʻi.
Paulepu - ʻO kēia ka hapalua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hapalua o ka hoʻohuiʻai i nā meaʻai. ʻO kēia ka māhele o ka meaʻai - nā ʻāpana o nā mea nui (e.g. caffeine). ʻO kā lākou papa inoa kahi huina organik, bioflavonoids, polysaccharides Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no nā pahuhopu like ʻole me ka mea hoʻolako olakino kai-ʻoihana (no ka prophylaxis, adjuvant therapy, ke kākoʻo no ka hana kino pilikino o ke kino - hana mālama maʻi, a kekahi.).
44 Alien loea i ka meaʻai (xenobiotics)
ʻO nā mea lāʻau i nā haole a me nā meaʻai kanaka i kapa ʻia he xenobiotics. I nā meaʻai o ke kanaka o kēia wā he nui nā mea nui a lākou (type E - 300 mau mea). Leka a ko lākou kumu i ka meaʻai. Kuhi kūikawā kekahi i ka meaʻai - e like me ka hoʻohui i nā meaʻai i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hiʻohiʻona (nitrates i loko o ka sausage) a i ʻole e hāʻawi i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe (ʻo ka ʻono o nā ʻōpala i loko o ka yogurt). Hoʻopili i nā pōpō huluhulu, nā mea paʻakikī, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā pelekikena a me nā mea hoʻonaninani i ka palaoa. ʻO nā ʻenehana o kēia wā hou, ke kūʻai aku a me ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana o ka meaʻai ke hiki ʻole me lākou.
ʻO kekahi xenobiotics i komo i ka meaʻai mai ka lepo, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā nui no ka hoʻonui ʻia a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i ka mea kanu lāʻau: nā pesticides, fertilizers fertilizers (nitrates).No ke kumu like, hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau mea i meaʻai holoholona (hormones, antibiotics).
Nui kekahi mau mea palaʻai i loko o ka meaʻai ma muli o nā pilikia kūlohelohe: me nā ʻāina ʻeleʻele ʻalupalu - mai nā kolamu o nā kūlanakauhale (cesium, cobalt), me nā pūmū mīkini (mai ka leaka aʻa, ke alakaʻi i nā manamana a me ka ʻūleu e ulu ana ma nā alanui).
ʻO ka kikoʻī o ka hiki ke hana iā pathogen o xenobiotics:
A) pili: 1) ka pākēkē o lalo, ka hopena o nā mea make, alia, a me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana (ka nitrates i loko o ka ʻuala, ka mea e piʻi ana i ka 80% i ka wā e kuke ai i ka waiū), pili i ka pōʻino a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā mea momona,
B) hiki ke hoʻōla:
1) hiki i nā kumu gonadotoxic, embryotoxic a me nā hopena carcinogenic (hoʻohana hou ʻia no ka pā ʻana i ka lawaiʻa hohonu - ʻaila aila pūlehu),
2) hiki ke hoʻopau i ka wā kahiko,
3) ma ka hana o ka hānau ʻana: e hoʻemi i ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka sperm - i nā kāne a me nā hua - i nā wahine.

45.Pono nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻemaʻe no ka maikaʻi a me ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai. Nā ʻōlelo kumu

Pono i nā maʻi maʻemaʻe i ka ʻona meaʻai i wehewehe ʻia e ka Federal Law No. 29 "Ma ka Lualima a me ka palekana o nā huahana ʻona" (2000), a ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā pono maʻemaʻe no ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai ma nā ʻoi aku o ka maʻemaʻe. Nā kapu kūlike a me nā kānāwai ”(1996). ʻO ka laʻana, mālama ʻia ka berena i loko o nā keʻena a i ʻole hoʻi ma nā noho ma hope o kahi pale. Kālei a me nāʻuʻala - i nā ʻeke ma nā pale. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻuala a me nā mea ʻai i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo a pouli hoʻi i loko o nā ʻeke ma nā pahu a i ʻole i nā pahu ma T - 8 ° C.
Hōʻike hua - keia ka manawa e pono ai ke kūʻai aku i kēia huahana, inā ʻaʻole e kolamu a lilo a i ka weliweli i ka maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​hua ʻai e hōʻemi (ʻo ka nui o ka protein, nā huaora, nā minelona, ​​a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e emi ai). Eia nō kekahi, ʻo kēlā me kēia huahana i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i kona mau kiʻina palena, kahi e hilinaʻi ʻia ai ka manawa hana. I mea e hoʻoholo ai i kēia mau huaʻōlelo, hoʻohana lākou i nā rula mālama kino "Kūlana, nā manawa mālama no nā huahana e hiki ke make" (1986).
Nā huahana huahana mālama ʻia i loko o nā keʻena pani, hoʻokaʻawale no nā huahana maka a pau i: nā iʻa i maloʻo ma (-20 ° C) - 10 mau lā, a ma (-2 ° C) - 3 mau lā, ʻaila minced ma 0 ° C - 48 mau hola, ʻokiʻoki mākaukau i 4-8 ° C - 12 mau hola, a ʻaʻohe anuanu - me ka ʻaʻa ʻia. Ma 4-8 ° C, ka iʻa palaoa, nā iʻa, ka moa - 48 mau hola, kaʻaila ʻono - 72 mau hola, ka waiū - 20 mau hola, ke kīloi - 36 mau hola, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia nā vinaigrettes a me nā pāpaʻu. - 12 mau hola
ʻO nā huahana huahana i kūkulu ʻia i ko lākou pono ponoʻī no ke kūlana mālama a me ke ola o nā noho. No laila, mālama ʻia nā pīpī i loko o ka wai no kaʻoi aku ma mua o 2-3 mau hola ma mua o ke kūʻai. ʻO ka ʻiʻo, ʻoki ʻia i loko o kahi ʻāpana, mālama ʻia i ka wahi anu a hiki i ka lole ʻana i ka ʻili. Hana ʻia ka ʻiʻo minced e pono. Pono nā papa mua a me ka lua ma ka papa wela no ka hapanui o nā hola 2-3. Hoʻole ʻia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā meaʻai mai nā meaʻai i hala iho nei me ka mea i hoʻolapalapa hou ʻia. Ma mua o ka hoʻoili ʻana, hoʻolapalapa ka waiū, hoʻomā ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia i ka lā like.

46. ​​Ka ʻona ʻana i ka ʻai ma ke ʻano microbial: toxicosis bacterial a me nā toxicoinfection. Mycotoxicosis
Mea make kīʻai - he maʻi maʻi nui kēia i kū mai i ka wā e ʻai ana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka nui o ka ʻano me nā pathogens, a i ʻole ko lākou ʻona, a i ʻole nā ​​mea e loaʻa ai nā mea make i loko o nā kānaka. E like me nā mea i luna aʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mea make lāʻau i ka 2 mau pūʻulu: nā mea maʻi a me ka pale ʻole.He huʻonoʻi ke ola- ua māhele ʻia i loko o nā meaʻai hoʻokomo (PI) a me nā toxicoinfections meaʻai (PTI). Aia nā ʻokoʻa ʻē i waena o lāua, ka mea e hiki ai i ka maʻi maʻi a me nā epidemiological ke hele ʻana i ka hana mua o ka hoʻokolokolo o ko lākou kumu. No ka hanana o ka PI a me ka PTI, pono ke kuleana o nā wahi i loaʻa o ka maʻi pākuʻi: pono, ke kumu, kaʻina hoʻokele (me nā mea hoʻoili a me nā mea hāʻawi i ʻike) a me kahi mea i hiki mai. Me ka nalowale o ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole e kū mai nā mea make i ka maʻi kūlohelohe, ʻoiai hiki ke komo mai nā microorganisms i loko o ka meaʻai a ʻai ʻia.
No ke PIʻO kahi hoʻomaka kahi mea like ia i nā hola 3 mua ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi pāhono a me ka luaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole e piʻi ka wela, a i ʻole hoʻi e hōʻemi, hele aku ka maʻi a nānā paha i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopilikia ka PI i nā microorganisms, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ke kino no ke kino i ka wā i ʻai ai me ka meaʻai: nā maʻi i nā huahana o kā lākou hana koʻikoʻi - mea huna. ʻO ka PI maʻamau ka staphylococcal toxicosis a me ka botulism. Aia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka heluna kanaka i ka PI i ka palena o ka hana i loko o ka ʻōpū o kona ʻōpū - kona hōʻuluʻulu ʻia: i nā poʻe me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wai, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka maʻi ma mua a me ke kiʻi kauka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. E noʻonoʻo i ʻelua mau ʻano PI: ka mea maʻamau - staphylococcal toxicosis a ʻoi loa ka paʻakikī - botulism.
ʻO ka maʻi staphylococcal ʻoi aku ka pili pinepine me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōpō me ka waiū, ke kīkī aiʻa, ka ʻono ʻono, ka ʻai a me nā kīʻaha lau ʻai. ʻO ke kumu o ka staphylococcus pōʻino (ʻehā) he ʻano kuke me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ma kona lima, he ʻehaʻeha, a me ka bipi mastitis, mai ia mau waiū i loaʻa ai ka waiū. I ka manawa like, no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ala o ka ʻai (alimentary) pae o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka staphylococcal PI, ʻo nā mea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka: hōʻino o ka ʻenehana e hoʻomākaukau ana i ka huahana, he manawa hoʻokō lōʻihi me ka hoʻomehana ʻole (ma ka T - 25 ° C, hoʻonui nui nā microorganisms i nā minuke i kēlā me kēia 20 mau minuke), a laila. i ke kumu (pale i ka poʻe me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe purulent a me ka tonsillitis i ka kuke ʻana, ka ʻike ʻana a ka wehe ʻana i nā bipi mastitis) a me ka hooki ʻana i nā ala hoʻokele (ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻenehana tunoa a me ka manawa o kona hoʻokō ʻia. nā kīʻaha, ka waiū paila, ka mālama ʻana i kahi mahana kūpono, etc.).
Botulism ʻokoʻa ka poʻe like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka P i kēlā me ke ʻano o ka pathogen ma lalo o nā kūlana anaerobic. Lā lawa ke loaʻa i ka microbe pākahi me nā meaʻaiʻai i hānai mau ʻia (nā ʻōpū, nā pickles) i nā meaʻai a pau, nā uʻi, nā mea lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​iʻa, no ka mea e hoʻonui maikaʻi ana lākou i ke ʻano lumi, e hoʻoulu ʻia i nā poʻomanaʻo keu o nā ʻano mea make. ʻO nā maʻi, e like me ke kānāwai, hoʻokahi. 2-3 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka mea ʻalaʻawa, i hipa ʻia i loko o ke kahe wai, e hana i ka pūnaehana kūloko. E kūʻē i ka mua o ka malaise, ka ʻuhane a me ka luaʻi, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻelua i nā maka, ptosis, mydriasis, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻomālamalama a ʻōlelo no ka maʻi pā o ka palaka o luna, constipation ka a me 4-8 mau lā me ka make ʻole o ka make mahele o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana. No ka mālamaʻana, ʻo ka serum anti-botulinum ʻoi loa o kekahi ʻano, ʻo ke ʻano ka mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e ke ʻano noiʻi ʻana o ke koko o ka mea ʻai i loko o kahi bioassay ma nā kiʻi keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka botulism ka holoi piha ʻana i nā mea maka, me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka nui o nā mea i ka wā e kuke ai, lawa ʻia ka wela wela o ka huahana e like me ka ʻenehana.
PTI nā kumu a nā microorganism ola i kū, ʻaʻole i pane koke ke kino. Hoʻomaka ka maʻi maʻamau ma hope o 10-20 hola. me ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha i ka ʻāina epigastric, maʻi, ka nāwaliwali ākea. Inā ua hiki i ka microorganism ke hoʻomohala i kahi mea make i loko o ka huahana, a laila hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana e ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻonaninani (keʻaila, hoʻohala), akā ke hoʻomau nei ia e ke ʻano o kahi maiʻa. ʻO ka hōʻemi nui o ka haukapila māhā e hilinaʻi i ka nui o nā microbes pathogenic i ʻai me ka meaʻai. No ka hoʻokō ʻana o IPT, pono e hōʻuluʻulu i loko o ka huahana i nā pona liʻiliʻi o nā microorganisms, e hoʻolilo ai i ka maʻi (me ka maʻi o ka maʻi a me ka salmonellosis - 1 miliona mau microbes). Me ka piʻi nui o ka nui, piʻi ka nui o ka maʻi, ʻoiai e hilinaʻi hoʻi i ka ʻāʻī o ka mea i pā.
ʻO ke kumu o ka pathogen he hana i loko o ka lumi kuke (disentery, salmonellosis) a i nā holoholona (lawe wale ʻana i nā microorganism - salmonella, proteus, perfringens, etc.). No laila, me ka huina o nā meaʻai e hoʻoili ai, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka pathogen e nā fecal-alimentary (mai nā poʻe) a i ʻole alimentary (mai nā holoholona) mau ala.ʻO nā kumu o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka hoʻomaka lēʻaila e hiki ke hoʻomāliʻi like i ke kīʻaha like me ka PI, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kuhi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano o nā maʻi o ka meaʻai. No laila ke ʻano o ka fecal-alimentary (dysentery, salmonellosis, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli) i ʻike ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi e ka mea kuke, hūnā i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo a inā ʻaʻole ia e mālama i nā rula hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino (maikaʻi ka holoi ʻana i ka lima ma mua o ka kuke ʻana). Hoʻohana ʻia ke ala alimentary (no ka laʻana, ma o nā ʻokiʻoki) me ka ʻiʻo i holoi holoi ʻia mai nā ʻōpū o ka holoholona i pepehi ʻia a i ʻole paha o ka holoholona maʻi.
I ka hana maʻalahi o IPT, e like me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ka mua o ka make a me ka hoʻōla i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka holoholona (hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻai me ke kao) a me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua o ka wā e kuke ai (perfringens, proteus), kūlike ʻole me nā rula ʻoihana holoholona (hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻai o ka holoholona maʻi. hens), kūʻai aku i ka ʻai kīnā ʻole mai ka holoholona maʻi i nā ʻōpala (i mua nā kula ʻoihana, nā kula, nā hale hānai, a me kekahi mea) a - hookaawale, a kahe ma ka aaioee o ka maka, a moʻa me nā huahana. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, i ka IPT prophylaxis i loko o nā hana e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi (ka wehe ʻana i nā mea maʻi aʻeha me ka maʻi ʻeha, ka ʻike ʻana i nā moʻolelo a me nā mea lawe huakini) a me ke kaohi ʻana i nā ala neʻe (sanitary and veterinary control i ka wā o ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona. ʻenehana no ka hoʻomākaukau o nā huahana a me ke ʻano o ke kūʻai ʻana o nā huahana pau, e hoʻomohala hou i ka mālama ʻana i kahi huahana i mālama ʻia, etc.).
No ka ʻike: I ka makahiki 2006, ua hoʻomālamalama pū ʻia nā mea hōʻola pipi ma ke ʻano he maʻi bakale me 3800 ka poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia i ka Russian Federation. ʻO nā mea kumu kumu nui o ka PTI he disentery, salmonellosis. Hoʻokahi pū ʻia kekahi o nā mea make nui i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka wai inu wai i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi hepatitis hopohopo, me nā mea he 200 nui i hōʻeha ʻia. (nā keleahi i komo i ka wai o ka wai puna wai). I kēia hihia, ua kūʻai ʻia ka wai ma o ke kaʻina kūʻai ma ke ʻano he huahana meaʻai.
ʻO ka wahi e nā ʻano o ka hanana i ka PTI - pseudotuberculosis "ʻO ka maʻi o nā pahu." ʻIa ia i ka wā e ʻai ʻai i nā māla i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā lau a maikaʻi ʻole i holoi ʻia (kolala, kāloti), mālama ʻia no nā lā he nui i loko o ka friji i ke pākeke o 4-10 ° C. Ma kēia wela, e hoʻomāhuahua ai ka mālamalama kumu o ka pseudotuberculosis ma ka papakā o ka mea kanu, ka mea maʻamau i ka ʻāina. Hōʻalo ʻia kēia maʻi ma ka holoi ʻana i nā mea kanu ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka ʻai, a me ka nānā ʻana i ka manawa o kā lākou hoʻokō ʻana.
Keʻaiʻuʻai nui ka meaʻawaʻawa a me nā maʻi - nā maʻi e ʻai ʻia e nā meaʻai i loaʻa i nā ʻōmai nā mikroscopic fungi. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hōʻikeʻana o ka maʻi ma hope koke o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huahana. ʻO nā mea momona e loaʻa nā mea make nui, mutagenic, terratogenic a me nā carcinogenic. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā ʻano he 250 o ka pua a ʻike ʻia e hana ai ma kahi o 100 mau mea huikala. ʻO ka mycotoxicoses weliweli maikaʻi loa he ergotism, fusariotoxicosis a me aflotoxicosis.
Ergotism - ka ʻono ʻana i ka berena i kā ʻia mai ka palaoa i pā ʻia e ka hua palaoa a me ka palaoa, a i ʻole palaoa. Hoʻomake ʻia ka maʻi ma ke ʻano o nā hopu, a i ʻole tonsrenous tonsillitis. ʻO ka pale ʻana ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa mai ka ergot a me ka nānā ʻana i nā kiko o ka ʻōpū i loko.
ʻOho hua maʻixicosis puka nō hoʻi i ka wā e ʻai ai i ka berena, akā naʻe i hana i nā ʻōpala huehue, hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina a mālama ʻia i nā kūlana mākūHōʻike ka maʻi iā ia iho i ke ʻano o ka euphoria a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka neʻe o ka neʻe (ʻo ke kanaka e like me ka ʻona), a laila lilo nā ʻili o ka pharynx i ka ʻeha, a ʻimi nā neʻe, ua ʻike ʻia nā hemorrhages ma ka ʻili, a pili ke pili ʻana i ke koko a me nā ʻōpū i loko. Hoʻokomo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka manawa, hoʻoneʻe i ka palaoa i hoʻoilo i ka mahina mai ka lehulehu, i mea e pale ai i ka nīnū a me ka hana ʻana i ka palaoa i ka wā mālama.
ʻAnoʻōlanixins kaʻana i waena o ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia - mauʻaina, ʻaila waiū, i ka ʻai, nā pīpī, ka palaoa, ka kō, ka iʻa, etc. ʻO ka pilikia holoʻokoʻa i kā lākou nui, no ka laʻana, ma kā lākou ʻōpala ʻaʻole pono ma mua o 30 mcg / kg. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​meaʻai pēpē i loko o kēia pono. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Aflotoxins ma kahi o ka ulu o nā kukuna i ka wā o kahi mālama lōʻihi o kēia mau huahana i loko o nā hale kūʻai. Mālama ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana o nā holopuu e nā ʻōpū moisturizing o nā meaʻai. ʻO Aflotoxins kahi hopena hepatotoxic ikaika a me ka hopena hepatocarcinogenic. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka aflotoxicosis ke mālama pono i nā huahana e hoʻokō me nā ʻōlelo o kā lākou hoʻokō.
47.Mea make ʻole ka microbial meaʻai

ʻO ka make ʻana o nā meaʻai e nā huaʻawaʻawa i nā mea kūlohelohe e hōʻike ʻia e kahi papa koʻikoʻi a me ke kiʻekiʻe make nui a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 3 mau pūʻulu - holoholona, ​​mea kanu a me ka ulu lāʻau.
Mea make kīʻai holoholona o ka mea i puka mai, ka mea o ka ua, ka mea mai i ka hoʻohana i ka iona paona i ike ole ia i ka kūpono o ka hoʻohana kanaka a i 'ike' ia 'ana, akā ua lilo i mea make i kekahi manawa o ka makahiki - ma mua o ka kiola i ka caviar (lamprey). ʻO ka pōʻino kekahi kumu i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau holoholona holoholona - i nā bipi a me nā bipi o ke kīpē adrenal a me ka pancreas, loaʻa nā meaola biologically.
Poino ʻono Hoʻololi ka huahana. He ʻono kēia i ka naʻu mea ʻawaʻawa - pale toadstool, lele agaric, stitches, honey honey palsu, mea kanu lāʻau make - angelica, bleached, castor oil, wī a iʻa paha i hana ʻia mai nā cheria pitted, nā mea kanu kūloko i loaʻa i ka pōpoki. I nā makahiki maloʻo a wela hoʻi, hiki ke hōʻalo ke ʻōpala i ka wā e hoʻopau ai i nā hua maʻamau maʻamau - porcini, aspen, boletus (e loaʻa ana ma ka ʻāina Voronezh). He ʻokoʻa like ke kiʻi o ka maʻi lapaʻau e nā mea kanu e like me nā huahana i hoʻohana ʻia.
Poino ʻekika ʻokoʻa nā mea i hiki ke komo i ka meaʻai. No laila ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā ipu kuki, nā paʻakai o nā metala kaumaha (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ol), kahi o ke awakea i ka wā o ke kolo ʻana i ke ala maʻa, hiki ke komo i ka meaʻai. Kuhi kēia mau mea i ka hoʻonā i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai i ka kāpeti ma nā kīʻaha metala, a me nā pā i ka palala. Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ma hope o nā hola he 2-3 me ka luaʻi, ka ʻōlelo metallic i loko o ka waha, ka ʻehaʻeha, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, a me ke kahe o ke koko i ka lua a me ka lāʻau. Pōʻalo ʻia o nā mea make ʻole i ka pāpā ʻana i ka paʻalī kō i ke kōpaʻa ʻapa pā, ke keleawe a me ka pālolo kele ʻana, i loko o nā pā me nā kīwī upholstered, ʻaʻole waiho i ka ʻai kīʻaha ma nā kēpili lapalapa, a ke mālama ʻole nei i nā huahana meaʻai i nā kīʻī ʻana.
Loaʻa pono i ka makeʻana nā nitratese kū ana i ka wā e ʻai ana i nā mea kanu i ulu me ka nui o nā nitrat nitrate, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, no ke kūʻai aku. I kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea i ka hala ʻole ma mua o ka paʻakai paʻakai. I ka hihia o ka pōʻino ma muli o ke kālai ʻana o ka methemoglobin i loko o ke koko, ke kiʻi pono loa o ka maʻi laʻala i ka gastroenteritis, cyanosis, ka hanu a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, a me nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
I ka nohona o kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau me nā pesticides (chlorophos, rat, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), ʻoiai ua pili ke ʻano hoʻopiha o ka peripheral.
Aia i kekahi mau wahi o ko mākou'āina, i nā makahiki heʻikepili ʻole (wela wela i ke kauwela), hiki mai nā mea kanu me ka meaʻai i ka wā maʻamau.ʻAʻole paʻa i ke kumu no nā hana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ma ka māhele Voronezh, make nā meaʻai me ka hopena i mea make me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huaoro porcini a me ka boletus brown. A ʻo Siberia, i ka wā e ʻai ai i ka iʻa lau (pike, perch, pike perch), hele mai nā alinalary paroxysmally toxic myoglobinuria. Hoʻomaka nā maʻi ma kahi wahi no kahi kumu ʻike ʻole a nalowale. Kahi ʻia ka haukapila e ka ʻehaʻeha i nā ʻōpū, i ukali ʻia e ka necrosis, ka maʻi hōʻalo, ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ke kikowaena kūwaho a me ka make ma kahi ʻoki o ka diaphragm a i ʻole ka hopena ʻole, make ka make ma 2%.

48.ʻO ka ʻono ʻaina Kaiʻai

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻona ʻana i ka meaʻai ma ke ʻano o ko lākou kumu. No ka makeʻana o kahi ʻano pale ʻole, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana o nā mea ʻona mai ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka make ʻana o nā meaʻai ʻawaʻawa mai ka meaʻai, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kuhi pono ʻana i nā kuke a me ka lehulehu ka mea nui.
Pono e pale i nā make ʻana o ke ʻano maʻi bacterial i ʻelua ʻaoʻao o ke kaʻina maʻi: ka punawai a me ke ala o ka hoʻopili ʻia o ka maʻi. Nā helu kūlele kahi kumu o nā maʻimai waena o nā limahana o ka limahana mālama, ua hoʻouna ʻia lākou e pale i ka poʻe maʻi mai ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai, e aʻo ana iā lākou i ka ʻenehana o kāna hoʻomākaukau a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻemaʻe, a me ka nānā pono ʻana i nā lula mālama pono pilikino.
I kahi e loaʻa ai nā kumu holoholona make mea hana holoholona holoholona: ka mua o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā holoholona, ​​pili pono ana i ke ʻano palekana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā hana o ka luku, hoʻoili ʻai a me ka kūʻai aku ʻana o ka huahana. ʻO ka paʻi ʻana o ka ʻai, nā waiū a me nā hua mai nā holoholona maʻi e pono e hoʻokō me nā koi pono o ka maʻemaʻe.
Nā hana kūpono i kaka hopena hoʻokele pono e nānā i ka hana ʻana o nā ala o nā microorganisms komo i nā huahana o ka meaʻai, e pale ai i kā lākou hana hou ʻana a me ka hana ʻole. No kēia, pono e mālama ʻia nā lula o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻī a me ka ʻoihana e hana ma ka ʻalani ʻoihana. Aia ma lalo o nā hale mālama o nā haukapila ka mana o nā limahana limahana no ka mālama ʻana i nā pono o ka ʻĀina ʻĀina a me nā Human Weliweli, e mālama mau ana i kā lākou hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino. Ua nānā i ka mode hana, threading, kaʻawale, ka palapala, etc. Kuhi ʻia kahi ʻano hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino, kahi i ʻike ai nā hemahema a me nā ʻōlelo no kā lākou kāpae ʻana, i ʻae ʻia me ke poʻo loea o ka haukapila.
E hoʻopau i nā ala hoʻoili, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka hoʻonā huahana, he mea nui ka kina nā wahi kōkuamaʻi. Hoʻopili pū kēia me ka mālama ʻana i nā lula o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi mua o ka meaʻai, ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai aela, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke anuanu ma nā manawa o ke kūʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, ke hālāwai ʻana i nā manawa paʻa, nā ʻano wela no ka kuke ʻana, ka pīpī a me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana, ka ʻenehana ʻana.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino o nā limahana He mea nui nā ʻeke ʻeke a me nā pantry i ka mālama ʻana i ka pono ʻole o ka meaʻai. Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka hana, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea hana no ka hoʻokolohua kino, ka nānā ʻana i ka bacteriological no ka ʻōpū a me ka salmonellosis, no ka holo helminth, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka syphilis, he mea hana no ka gonococcus, fluorography no ka maʻi tuberkulosis. Ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua ma ka liʻiliʻi kūlike. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ikepili a pau i ka puke olakino. Hoʻomau pinepine ʻia nā haʻawina ma hope o 0.5-1 makahiki. ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻeha a me nā maʻi maʻi derereal, nā maʻi tuberkulosis a me nā maʻi hepatitis e ʻae ʻia e hana ma ka ʻeke ʻoihana. Kahi ʻia ka poʻe me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū mai ka hana a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me kahi kaaniani loea ʻino 3 3 piliki. Pēlā nō, ke kāohi nei lākou mai ka kuki ʻana a hiki i kahi kikoo loiloi hoʻopono ʻo 1 i kekahi kanaka nona ka ʻohana me nā maʻi maʻi ʻawaʻawa i hōʻike ʻia.

Pono e holo pono nā keʻena nui. Ke kipa ʻana i ka lua, ua lawe ʻia nā ʻū nui ma mua ona a kau ʻia ma luna o ka hangi. Ma hope o ka kipa ʻana i ka lumi hoʻomaha a i ka hoʻohuli ʻana mai kahi ʻano hana i kekahi, holoi ʻia nā lima me ka huila ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

49.ʻO Helminthiasis kahiʻāina

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā helu helminthiases me nā ʻiʻo, ka iʻa a me nā lau. E noʻonoʻo i nā mea e hana nei ma ka Russian Federation.
Me ka ʻaihoʻouna - teniidosis, trichinosis a me echinococcosis.
Teniidosis hele lākou i ka ʻai me ka ʻai ʻai i nā tapeworm Finnish: mai nā puaʻa - kahi puaʻa puaʻa koa a mai nā bipi - kahi puʻupuʻu pu kaua. I loko o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi kanaka, hiki i ka tapeworm ma kahi o 30 m ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopili ʻia kāna mau huaʻai i nā feces, hoʻopuʻi i ka honua, a me nā holoholona mai ia wahi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā wahi noho nui, ka mālama manu ʻana a me ka mālama pono ʻana i nā holoholona, ​​ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻoi aku o ka 2 kg, ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi ma waena o ka poʻe a me ka hoʻonaʻauao olakino.
Trichinosislilo lākou i ka pīpī i ka ʻai ʻana i ka puaʻa a ʻai ʻana paha. I nā kāne, hana ʻino ka helminth i ka diaphragm, paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana. He paʻakikī loa ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻO ka mea pale he haʻawina kūikawā o ka ʻiʻo ma hope o ka make no Trichinella, ka lawe ʻana mai ka hoʻohana a me ke kuhikuhi no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻenehana (ʻai meaʻai).
No ka ʻike:Ke pālahalaha nei ka māhele ʻana o kēia mau helminthiases ma waena o nā holoholona. No laila, ʻo ka loiloi ukana o ka Center no ke kūʻai aku o shawarma, kebabs a me nā mea paie ma Moscow, e hōʻike ana i nā haneli o nā hihia o ka finnosis a me nā hihia trichinosis i loko o ka puaʻa, ka pipi a me ke hipa. ʻO ke kumu no kēia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke kālepa ʻaʻohe mea i ʻae ʻia i ka ʻiʻo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e kahi ʻano hana lima hana a ʻaʻole i haʻalele i ka mana o ka mea maʻi.
Echinococcosishele ka maʻi ma o ka ʻai ʻana i nā ate a me nā ihu pōpilikia (moose, keka) a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona ʻono (nā kao, hipa, pipi) nā maʻi me ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōwili. Akā ʻoi pinepine ke lilo mai kekahi mai ke kāhili o nā holoholona maʻi maʻi, ma o nā greens, nā mea kanu, nā hua, nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka holoholona maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​lima palupalu i ka wā e huki ʻia ai nā ʻīlio i hele aku ai, ʻoi loa nā keiki. I nā kāne, ua hōʻino kēia mau kino like, e hōʻeha ana i ka nui o ke kino. ʻO ka holoholona holoholona ponoʻī, aia i ka larvae, ʻaʻole pōʻino. Me ke keʻakeʻa pale ʻana, lawa ia e ʻokiʻoki i nā palaka me nā helminths mai nā aʻalolo a me nā māmā, inā he mau liʻiliʻi lākou. Inā nui a'īwī - hōʻole loa ka ʻiʻo a make ia i lalo o ka luku.
Me ka iʻa hiki paha ke maʻi me ka diphyllobothriasis a me opisthorchiasis. I diphyllobothriasis hoʻonui ka iwi ākea i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o ke kanaka, e hoʻoiho ana i ka maʻi anemia. Loaʻa ʻia i nā iʻa o ka mokuʻo Baltic, Karelia, Siberia a me ka Far East. I opisthorchiasis - hoʻopiʻi ka cat fluke i ka ʻeha o ke kanaka i ka pōkole, hoʻoili i ka cholecystitis. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua a me ka ʻalē hua i loko o ka moku iʻa kūloko - pike, kāla crossian, a me nā ʻokiʻoki. ʻO ka papaʻi ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka hana ʻana, ka hoʻolapalapa a i ʻole ka paʻakai ʻia.
ʻO nā lau momona, kaūwūwila ma waho kūwaho, he mea lawe i nā wahi o ka pōpōpō a me ka uapo. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, nā hua hua o kēia mau helminths i loaʻa i nā lau, nā pāhala, ka dill, ka ʻōpala, nā kāloti. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka ʻōpū nui, akā ua eha ke kino a pau. Pōʻalo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino o ke kaona, pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lau me nā loina a i ʻole ka mea i ʻike ʻia o ka humus meʻa mai ka compost, nānā i nā lula hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino, hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻana i nā mea kanu mua ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka mea kūʻai aku i ka mākeke, ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi ma waena o ka lehulehu a ma ka hoʻonaʻauao olakino.

50 ʻO nā maʻi e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka meaʻai: nā maʻi o nā meaʻai i kaʻai, nā maʻi o ka mea ʻai nui
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka kūpono o kaʻai ʻana ke kūlana kai ke kanaka - kona kūlana olakino, lanakila e kū aʻe ana i ka hope o ka hoʻoilina o ke kino ma lalo o ka mana o ka meaʻai maoli. I kūpono loakūʻai - hana ke kino me ke neʻe ʻana. I keu keukaiaulu, loaʻa i ke kino ka nui o nā meaola. ʻAʻole lawame ka mea e pono ai ke kīpī me ka nui o nā mea ʻai.I loko o nā kūlana ʻelua, he overexertive ke kino, aia ka hewa i nā kolo a me nā hana o ke kino, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻohaunaele ʻana i ke olakino, olakino a, ma ka hopena ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi ʻai i loko 3 nā manawa:
1)i kahi kūlana haʻahaʻa - ka mea i hōʻike i ka hoʻokaʻawale o ke kaha adaptive o ke kino i nā kūlana microclimatic maʻamau a me ka hoʻokō ("ʻaʻole ke alualu" ... e ala i luna, ala, e hana, a me nā mea hou aʻe - ma mua o ka: "ala aʻe a mele aku!"). ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia kūlana ke loli nei i ka meaʻai: e hoʻonui ana i ka kau ʻana o ka nalo huakaʻi a me ke ʻano ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka nānā ʻana i nā koi o ke ola kino

2)kūlana kūlana- kuhi hewa nui ʻole. Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kino ma ke ʻano o ke anuanu pinepine a me nā herpes. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona biochemical o ke koko a me ka wai, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke kikowaena, a me ke ʻano o nā mea maʻi (hoʻonaninani, nā ʻōpū, nā naʻau). Ke hele nui nei nā hana ʻino ma ke ala a mua i ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi (lokus morbi - e ʻike i ke kumuhana No. 3). No ka mea e hoʻoponopono nei, ʻaʻole i lawa ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻopau i ke kūlana haʻahaʻa. E hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻai me ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻaiʻai kūpono kūpono.

3)kūlana morbid (pathological)- ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā maʻi koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, ka ʻano o ka hemahema o kekahi mau meaʻai. Pono ke hoʻoponopono o kēia hana, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea ʻai a me ke komo ʻana o nā mea kōkua meaʻai, he kōkua therapeutic pū kekahi.

Hoʻomoe ʻia ka huehue o ka pōʻino e like me nā hōʻailona kulekele, nā hoʻokolohua hoʻāʻo o ke koko a me ka waiʻai - ma ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana o nā hopena o ka metabolism, nā ana o ke kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha, kahi loiloi hana no ka hana ʻana o nā wahī, ka cardiovascular a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoneʻe. Wahi a ka ʻikepili i loaʻa, kahi loiloi o ka lawa o ka meaʻai, ka ʻohi ʻia ʻana a i ʻole keu ʻia paha e kūkulu ʻia a kahi papa meaʻai no ka mea maʻi. E noʻonoʻo i nā hōʻike o kahi hemahema a i ʻole ka mea ʻai i ka meaʻai o nā mea nui - ka inu wai, B, F, U, nā minela a me nā huaora.
Inu wai. ^ E Ha yM. Aia kekahi kanaka he 70% ka wai, no laila ʻo ka nalowale o 5-10% o ka wai e alakaʻi ai i nā pilikia hōʻeha, a ʻo 20% e alakaʻi i ka make. Hoʻolaha ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā i kahi liʻiliʻi o 1.5-2 lita o ka wai.
I liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka hoʻōki ʻana o nā huahana metabolic a me ka hoʻōla ʻana a hoʻonoho lākou i nā ʻāpana o ke kino, constipation, headache, rashes ʻili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka acidosis maʻi ma ke koko, kahi e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ka wā lohi o ke kino a me ka loaʻa ʻana o "nā maʻi o ka wā kahiko."
He inu kaumaha (ka wai, ka pia) hoʻoheheʻe i ke koko, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hoʻololi, hele a hala ke kanaka, huʻi nui ka naʻau. Hoʻololi ka lohi i ka wai me ka lōʻihi o ke kīʻaha koko, nā ʻōpū a me nā puʻuwai (he “bull bull heart”). I ke kauwela kauwela, inu nui i ka wai laʻana i ka ʻōpū, e hāʻawi i ka maʻalahi o ka komo ʻana o nā maʻi ʻoʻawa (ʻo ke kauwela o ke kauwela). ʻAʻohe kī maikaʻi ʻole ka inu ʻana: ʻoi aku ka ulu ʻana o ka lulu. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ka wai inu maʻamau ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻopau ai i kou make wai. I ka wā wela, ua nīi ke kino i ka paʻakai (16 g no 3 l ka lemū) ma mua o ka loaʻa (10-15 g i kēlā me kēia lā), kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kaulahao paʻakai. No laila, nā noi palekana hygienic no nā limahana i loko o nā hale wela e hoʻohana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai mālamalama me ka hopena o ka sodium chloride. Hāʻawi ka paʻakai i ka mālama ʻana o ka wai ma ke kino (nā meaʻai paʻakai), ʻoiai ʻo ka paʻakai a me nā paʻakai kaleka e hoʻoneʻe i ka wai mai ke kino (apricots, raisins). ʻAʻole make ka pia i ka makewai, a me ka waiʻona i loko o ia mea e hāʻawi ai i ke kino i hoʻōla ʻia i nā calorie hou.
ʻO ka hona ka hopena o ke kikowaena o ka nerve i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wai i loko o ke kino, akā hoʻopunipuni pinepine ʻia: nā wai liʻiliʻi o ka wai me ka hoʻolalelale i loko o ka waha, kī ʻākala, inu, inu wai - hoʻonaninani hou i ke kikowaena hoʻoliʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi wai inu wai hōʻoluʻolu a wela wela.Ma luna o 12-15 0 C ʻaʻole e hoʻomaha i ka makewai.
I loko o nā pilikia olakino no nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi, ka ʻōpū a me nā maʻi o ka luaʻi o ka biliary e hoʻonui i ka kaila o ke kō, a no nā maʻi puʻuwai a me nā puʻupuʻu e emi ai. Hoʻonui ka wai maloʻo ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole i ka hoʻonaninani a me ka ʻāʻī, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pinepine o ka huaka a me ka constipation.

51. ʻO ka kuleana o nā huaora i ke ola kanaka, kā lākou ʻano. Hypo - a me nā hemahema o ka vitamina, ko lākou kumu.
ʻO nā huaora he mau pūhui Organic e pono ai e ke kino ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a hāʻawi i kāna hana pilikino maʻamau. Lawe lākou i nā ʻōnaehana biochemical koʻikoʻi, he ʻāpana o nā kaena o ka enzyme. Inā he piliki ʻo B, ʻo W a me Y nā kumu ikehu e hoʻoneʻe i kēia mau hiʻi, a laila nā enzyme i mau mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ko lākou neʻe, ka ulu ʻana, a me ka pilina.
E noʻonoʻo i ka hana o nā vitamina pono.
Waiora C - ke koi nei i kēlā me kēia lā i kā vitamina. Hoʻonui a hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale, hōʻemi i ka hoʻonā ʻana i nā maʻi a kau, komo i ke keena o ka collagen, hoʻoikaika i nā ligament o nā hana, hoʻopiʻi i ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ke kelepona inā he ʻeha. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 80-100 mg, no nā mea puhaka -150 mg i kēlā me kēia lā
Nā huaora B hoʻoikaika i ka metabolism i loko o ka ʻili, hoʻoponopono i ka hana o ka papa gastrointestinal, hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana nerve, ma ke ʻano.
Waiora B1. ^ E Ha yM. hoʻoponopono i ka metabolism o nā kāohi, ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu i hana ʻia mai lākou.
Waiwai B2 komo i ka momona, ka hoʻokiʻe a me ka metabolism.
Waiora B5 ka hoʻohuihui i ka hana o nā pahuhopu o nā nūpepa, nā kelepaʻi adrenal a me nā kelenia thyroid, e komo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā peka koko ʻula.
Waiora B9 (Kaikū folic) hoʻoponopono i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokaʻawale o ka cell a me ka hoʻohālikelike, komo i ke kaola metabolism.
Waiwai B12 komo i ke kanu ʻana o nā ʻāpana koko ʻula, hoʻohui i ke kino a me ke ulu ʻana o ke kino, ʻokoʻa hoʻi no nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā ka vitamina: In₁ - 2 mg, B₂ - 2,5 mg, V₅ - 10 mg, V₆ -3 mg, B₉ - 0,4 mg, V₁₂ - 0,005 mg.
Palapala A komo i ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻili, e kākoʻo ana i ka acuity ʻike maka, hoʻoulu i ka pale o ke kino e kūʻē i nā maʻi ʻōpū, a pale i ka ʻōpua. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 2 mg.
Huaora E - Kāohi i ka wā kahiko, kōkua i ke kino e hoʻokeo i ka oxygen. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 15 mg
Waiʻala D i ka hui pū ʻana me ka calcium, e hāpai ana i ka ulu o ka iwi a hoʻoikaika, hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 250 mg
Nā huaora ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻiaka momona a me ka wai hoʻokahe. Waiwai-hoʻohuihui wai - Vit. C a me Vit. nā hui B - ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia e ke kino a hoʻopau ʻia mai ia mea i nā lā 1-4, no laila, pono e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā. Lā nā ʻeleʻa i hoʻōla i ka aila - A, D, E, K - ke mālama nei i nā maʻa momona o ke kino a me ka ate i ka lōʻihi.
No ka olakino olakino ke kaulike o nā huaora a me nā minela. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hapa nui o kahi waiū a i ʻole ka mea i kahi trace e hoʻohālikelike i nā hōʻailona like me kona hemahema. Hoʻohui ʻia ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau huaora i ka wā e lawe pū ʻia ai (ninaninna): vit. C me vit. P (bioflavonoids) I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o nā huaola ʻē aʻe e hoʻopaloli i kā lākou hopena: vit. A nāwaliwali i ka vit. D e hoʻonui i ka hoʻokaʻawale o ka vit. C, Vit. D hoʻonāwaliwali i ka vit. ʻAe, Vit. E hoʻonui i ka luku ʻana i ka vit.A, vit. C hōʻemi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka vit. A, pale aku i ka antibiotika i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hana a ka vit. Me ka
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, loaʻa nā poʻe a pau poino ʻole kahi ʻona a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻona, i kapa ʻia hypovitaminosise alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o ke kūleʻa ʻana, ka pale kino o ke kino i nā hopena ʻino, hana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea maʻamau loa, i ka wā e lawe ana i nā wai nui o nā huaora kūlohelohe, pālahalaha maʻika hopena o kahi huhū koʻikoʻi o ka hana o nā kino pilikino a me nā meaʻala holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kahi hemahema o ka huaora ma ka meaʻai e alakaʻi i kakaumoa vitamin - nā maʻi me nā huaʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia vitamina.
He ʻokoʻa nā kumu o ke kakā a me ka haʻalulu ʻai:
1) nele i ka meaʻai, 2) kaohi ʻana o ka microflora intestinal maʻamau (dysbiosis) e hana ana i nā huaora, 3) i ka huina ʻana o nā huaora, 4) i hoʻonui ʻia i ka pono i ka wā o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka momona, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

52. ʻO nā minuke, nā macrocells a me nā microelement, ko lākou kuleana i ke kino o ke kanaka
Pono kēlā me kēia sela ola i nā minela no ka hana maʻamau a me ka ulu ʻana, no laila he mea nui o ka meaʻai. Hele mai nā mea kanu wai i ka meaʻai mai ka lepo, ka mea e kiko ai i ka nui o kā lākou hoʻohui me ka nui o ka meaʻai i ka ʻāina.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā miniona i nā macro- a me microelement, e pili ana i kā lākou pono o kēlā me kēia lā. Inā makemake ʻia ka macronutrients i kēlā me kēia lā i kahi pākeke, a laila he milligrams nā micronutrients
Me ka hemo ʻana o ka lepo (no ka laʻana, ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka monocultures e like me ka ʻuala, nā huaʻa, nā kukama no nā makahiki he nui i nā pā hale), e emi ana ke ʻano o nā waihona mineral ma ka lepo, e alakaʻi ai i kā lākou mauʻu i nā mea kanu a me ka nele i ke kino o ka lehulehu e ʻai ai iā lākou.
Nā Macronutrients - kalaka, magnesium, sodium, potasi a me ka phosphorus (5 mau mea).
Kālā - Hāʻawi i ka hana o nā iwi a me nā niho, hana i ka hana i ka hoʻowalewale o ka ʻili liʻiliʻi, ka ʻaʻā koko a me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o ka ʻiʻo. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 900 mg.
Pāhau - hāʻawi i ka hoʻoili o nā impulses o ke nerve, ka mea nui no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻike o ka naʻau, mālama i ke kahe koko maʻamau. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 400 mg.
Hoʻolilo - E hui pū me ka calcium a me ka phosphorus, ka mea e komo i ka ulu a me ka mālama o nā iwi, nā uaua, nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū koko, a me nā nerves. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 400 mg.
Kālā - e kākoʻo pū me ka calcium me ka ulu ʻana o nā iwi a me nā niho, hāʻawi i ka metabolism. ʻO ka koi maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 1250 mg.
Hōʻikeʻike i nā ʻāpana - boron, germanium, chromium, stranded, iodine, hao, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, cobalt, silicon, sulfur, vanadium a me ka zinc (14 mau mea).
Hao - ke hoʻoluhi nei i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hemoglobin, ka halihali o ka oxygen e nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻike ʻana o ka naʻau. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 15 mg.
Kobalt - hana me ka vitamin B₁₂, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko a hoʻohemo i nā ipu koko o ka naʻau. ʻAʻole paʻa i ka pono o kēlā me kēia lā.
Selenium - pū me ka vitamin E pale i ka ʻōnaehana pale, komo i ka pancreas a me ka prostate, ʻoiai he antioxidant ikaika e pale aku i ka ʻelemakule. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 0.5 mg.
Kālā - hoʻonui i ka hana o ka insulin. ʻO ka pono maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā he 0.25 mg.
Zinc - e komo i ka pancreas a me nā gonads, hoʻolaha i ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā hōʻeha a me nā kuni. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 15 mg.
Hoʻokuʻu - hoʻoikaika i nā iwi a me nā niho. ʻO ka pono maʻamau no kēlā me kēia lā he 0.5 mg.
ʻO ke kuleana o nā macro- a me microelement i ke kino
1) hana i nā hana plastik - pono lākou no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka pā o ka protein, hāʻawi i nā waiwai o ka protoplasm ola (phosphorus, sulfur), e hōʻoia i ka ulu a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kiko āpau,
2) ʻāpana hapa i nā kahe o ke kino, ke koko a me nā iwi, ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o nā iwi, nā ʻūʻī, nā puʻuwai, ka naʻau, nā ʻōpū, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
3) mālama i ka paona osmotic i loko o nā kopa, nā kaulike paʻū-paʻakai a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia paʻakai o ka koko a me nā lymph,
4) komo i ka hoʻonohonoho o nā enzymes e like me nā huaora, ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā hana āpau o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi metabolism, hana hoʻonaninani, ulu, hoʻolaʻa, assimilation o kahi nui o nā huaora a me nā mea momona.
ʻO kekahi mau mea mineral, i lawe ʻia me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻopiʻi i ka assimilation kū aʻe: * hao me ka vit. ʻAno i ka pao ʻana, * hoʻāla ka paʻū i ka hao hao, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke holoi ʻia ka hao me ka waiū, ʻoiai e ʻike ʻia ana ka pākuʻi ʻana me ka fosfor a me ka magnesium, * ʻaʻole kō ka paʻakai a me ka calcium i nā papa he nui i ka manawa like - e koho ke kino i hoʻokahi mea wale nō, * i ka wā e lawe aku ai i ka calcium, hoʻonui ka paʻakai i ka hoʻōla a me nā ʻokoʻa, * hoʻomākaukau ka zinc me ka calcium a me ka hao.

2) i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai i ka ʻona o ka calorie o ka meaʻai, e noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka hoʻoponopono hou i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka mea maʻi: me ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka moe (haʻahaʻa ka ʻona), ka haʻahaʻa ʻikepili. Akā, i kekahi kūlana, pono ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ka ʻike calorie (e like me ka pauku 1).

3) pono nā pilikia physiological no ka B a me nā huaora e uhi, no ka mea i ka nele o ka hōʻemi i ka hana hōʻemi (hoʻihoʻi) i nā kaʻina hana: ʻo ke kumu lalo o B he 1 g / kg o ke kaupaona hoʻomanawanui. Eia kekahi, 50% B ka mea e hele mai i ke ʻano o nā holoholona holoholona. I kekahi mau maʻi (ke kau), kahi piʻi nui o ka int int (ʻo ka moa moa) pono ʻia,

4) pono e hoʻokomo i loko o ka papaʻai a ka mea maʻi. nā meaʻai momona loa - nā hua ʻai hua, nā lau, nā hua ʻai, nā huʻu - nā kumu waiwai kekahi o nā huaora a me nā minela. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike o ka papaʻai meaʻai - nā huaora a me ka paʻakai mineral - a hiki i ke pae o nā hoʻoponopono physiological, a me kekahi mau mea (vit. C, A.E a me Ca) a me ka keu,

5) ka hōʻola ʻai o ka kulina, ke kūlike o ka meaʻai a me ka meaʻai e pili ana i ke kūlana o nā mea maʻi o ka mea maʻi e pili ana i ka kō ʻana o ka meaʻai.

6) i ka mea 'ai a me ka olakino olakino, hoʻohana i ke ala sparing i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā lā kūlike (e kāloe ana i nā kīʻaha paʻa me nā mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea liʻiliʻi), a me nā lā e wehe ai (me ka ʻaina ʻole a ʻāpana piha paha).

Ma muli o ka nui o nā maʻi, ua nui ka mau ʻineki. I ko mākou'āina, he hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻana o nā papahana helu ʻae i nā meaʻai, e hiki ai ke lawelawe ʻia i ka poʻe nui o nā mea maʻi me ka ʻai kai hoʻokahi. Me ka maʻi like ʻole, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea kanu like ʻole me ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ala o nā maʻi + concomitant maʻi + nā maʻi. Hoʻokahi hui pūp kekahi me nā kīʻaha hana ʻole a hana ʻole paha, a me ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻūhā (kīwī, wai, a me kekahi mea).

55. Hygienic kumu kūpono o ka mālama therapeutic
E like me ka paukū 222 o ka Code Helu o ka Russian Federation (2001), i ka hana me nā kūlana hana ʻino, koi ʻia ka mea hana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā limahana me ka uku ʻole ʻana, e like me nā kūlana i kau ʻia, therapeutic and preventive nutritional (LPP). Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o BOB:
1) ke kāohi nei i ka komo ʻana o nā mea waiwai hopu i ka gastrointestinal tract,

2) ka lohi i kā lākou komo i loko o ke koko,

3) palena i ka hōʻiliʻili o ke kino,

4) neʻe wikiwiki i ka pale kūleʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ke kino.

Ua manaʻo i ka piha piha o ka loea a me ka prophylactic mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o nā meaʻino i komo i loko o ke kino, kōkua i ke kino e hoʻopau iā lākou, e hoʻonui ka pale ʻana i ke kino iā lākou a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi hana.
ʻO ka meaʻai o LPP e pili ana i ka hele mai o nā mea pōʻino i kahi hana kūikawā.
ʻO ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana, nā ʻoihana a me nā kūlana. ʻO ka hana e hāʻawi ai i ka kuleana e loaʻa i nā uku ʻole o ka LPP, i apono ʻia e ka ʻĀina o ke Kuhina o Rūlena ma ka lā Malaki 31, 2003 No. 14.
Kahi papa inoa o nā kumu hana kinoma lalo o ka mana o kahi e hoʻohana ai i ka waiū a i nā huahana like ʻole e pili ana no ka pale ʻana i mea e ʻae ʻia e ka ʻōlelo kūpono a ke Kuhina o ke Ola o ka Lūkini Lūkini i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lā Malaki 28, 03, No. 126.
Nā huahana maʻamau Nā waiū wai a me nā huahana mea like me ia i ʻae ʻia e ka Mōʻī o ka Aupuni Lūkini o ka Lūkini 29 o 2002 "."
Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano kīʻaha 5 o nā kīʻaha BOB - mai ka No 1 a hiki i 5 a me kahi huahana o kēlā me kēia lā i loko. Hiki iā ia ke komo i ka waiū a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai like (ke kīwī kuke, ke kīwī, ka hua manu, ka iʻa). No ka laʻana: hāʻawi ʻia ka waiū i ka poʻe e hana nei me nā disinfectants, nā huahana waiū-momona a me nā aniani - i ka poʻe e hana nei me ke alakaʻi, nā huaora - i nā limahana o nā keʻena wela, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka BOB i nā ʻoihana i ke ʻano o nā wā hoʻomaha i ʻole ma mua o ka hana a i ʻole ka ʻaina awakea, kahi mea e hiki ai ke hoʻopuka ma ka kumu o ka papa kuhikuhi no 5-6 mau lā. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi ʻia ʻo BOB a nāna e uku ʻia ma nā hopena pule, ma ka hoʻomaha, ma ke huakaʻi huakaʻi hele, i nā lā maʻi.

56. ʻO nā palapala nui a me nā lula i ka hana o ka pale o ka hana i ikaika i ka Russian Federation
ʻO ka pono o ka hana palekana a me ka uku uku no ka hōʻino i hōʻino ʻia e ka olakino e ka hana, e hōʻoia ʻia e ke Kumukānāwai o ka Lūkini Russian (December 12, 1993). Hoʻoponopono

ʻAʻole i ʻike i ka mea āu e ʻimi nei? E hoʻohana i ka huli:

He aha nā mea ʻawaʻawa no ka?

Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka nīnau "Ka hana a nā kālaiā i ke kino kanaka", mālama mākou i kā lākou hana.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka kaupaona ʻana e noʻonoʻo i nā hāleʻaleʻa i ka meaʻai e hoʻopōʻino. Akā hana lākou i nā hana pono. Ma ke ʻano he:

• ikaika (nā kumu ikehu),
• ʻōhua (nā ʻāpana o nā hana intracellular)
• hoʻālaʻa (osm pressure pressure),
• kaila (ka huina momona, he ʻāpana o ke kikoʻī paʻakikī paʻakikī),
• komo (komo i ke ʻano o nā mea hopu)
• mālama (nā huahana waiho).

ʻO ka pono o ke kino no ka hāleʻoliʻi he 50% -60% o ke koi o ka ikehu i kēlā me kēia lā. ((MP 2.3.1.2432 -08)

He kūlohelohe, hiki i kēia ʻāpana ke kūlike ma o nā pono a me nā pahuhopu o ka mea i ka manawa. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, inā ʻoe ma ka papa o ka neʻe o ka paona a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui. I kēia hihia, ʻokoʻa ka huinahaleka o nā kālaiʻenehana i loko o ke ʻano o KBZhU. Akā i kekahi mea, aia ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻia. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā minamina o ke kino e alakaʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi.

Palapalaola i ka meaʻai

No ke loiloi i ka hopena o nā huakini i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaila o ke koko, kahi hōʻailona i kāhea ʻia kuhikuhi glycemic index (GI). ^ E Ha yM. Kuhi ʻia nā huahana o ka meaʻai i ka glucose (no ka glucose ka 100).

Wahi a ka helu o ka hoʻopili, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hāpoli āpau e nā kānaka i nā huahana meaʻai.

• "ʻĀʻī" (maʻalahi)
• "Māmā" (paʻakikī)

No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo pono i ka hana a nā kalapona i ke kino kanaka me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano o kēia mau pūʻulu.

Pākaʻi wikiwiki

Hiki i kēia mau iwi ke hoʻolako koke i ke kino me ka ikehu (loaʻa iā lākou kahi index glycemic high). Akā i ka manawa like, pono e akahele i ka nui o kā lākou hoʻohana.

I ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻaiā "wikiwiki", maʻalahi lākou. Akā i ka manawa like, he nui wikiwiki ka holo ʻana o ka neʻe o ke kō i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka hapa nui o monosaccharide ma muli o nā kaʻina hana hoʻopihapiha paʻakikī e hoʻohuli i ka triglycerides, ʻo ia ke kumu kiko adipose.

ʻAʻole kēia ka manaʻo e haʻalele āpau wikiwiki i nā calcium kala. Loaʻa nō hoʻi nā kīleʻamaʻa māmā i nā meaʻai i loko o ia mea e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā huaʻai a me nā minamina. No ka laʻana, ka meli (kūlohelohe), nā lau, nā lau maloʻo, a me nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho wale i nā koho olakino hou mai nā mea i loaʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka haʻawina i nā lā i koi ʻia i ka hoʻohana 'ana i nā mea "wikiwiki" wale nō.

Loaʻa nā kālaiʻai wikiwiki ma nā meaʻai i nā meaʻai kaulana loa a maʻamau. No ka laʻana, ka meli, kaʻaila, confectionery, ka meli, ka pastry, nā wai wai, nā kīkaki, nā kīʻala o nā kalapona, nā hua maloʻo, kekahi mau ʻano huaʻala a me nā huaʻai (ka maiʻa, nā hua waina).

ʻO nā kalapika wikiwiki i ka meaʻai e hāʻawi i ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō i ke koko. No laila, hiki i kā lākou hoʻohana nuiʻana ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes. Akā ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e hoʻokaʻawale mau iā lākou mai kāu meaʻai. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i nā kalapika i ke kino o ke kanaka, pono e makaʻala nui e pili ana i ka nui o nā huina o ka wikiwiki.

E nānā i kahi wikiō kikoʻī e pili ana i nā hopena o nā kinikina wikiwiki. A pehea e hoʻoponopono pono ai i ka hoʻohana.

Duration 41 mau minuke

Hoʻololi i nā momona

ʻO nā polysaccharides kēia e kālai hou aku a ʻoi aku hoʻi.

ʻOi aku ka loli o ke kō o ke koko a me ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā ʻaina māmā. He mau haʻahaʻa glycemic haʻahaʻa hoʻi lākou.

Loaʻa nā haʻalulu a pau i ka meaʻai i nā wahi a pau. No ka laʻana, nā greens, nā meaʻai ʻole hoʻole ʻole thermally, ka hapa nui o nā hua, nā kīʻaha me nā legumes, huaʻai a pau, hāpau.

ʻO ka pauʻole o nā kīnā i ke kino

Ke ʻike nei ka nui o ka hana o nā huapuni i ke kino o ke kanaka, pono ia e hōʻoia i ka nele o nā ʻaina kākoi. ʻO ka huehue ka wahie. Ma muli o ka hoʻololi hoʻololi o ka oxidative, ua hoʻokuʻu ia i ka ikehu no ka hana ʻana o nā pāʻai a me nā hui. No laila, i mea e mālama pono ai i ka hana maʻamau i ke kino, pono e hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea laʻu i kēlā me kēia lā i ka nui o ka nui.

Inā nele kekahi mau kīnā ma muli o nā kauʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, ua kū mai nā pilikia olakino:

• luhi, ʻaluhi,
• poʻomanaʻo
• constipation
• nā puʻupuʻu momona
• māliʻi stale
• ʻano helehelena, āpau.

ʻO nā kumu kumu o nā momona kākoi

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kaona kaulike i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai o nā "momona" haʻahaʻa no ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā puna. ʻO ka mea mua, he mau lauala mea kanu. No ka laʻana, ka lettu, leek, ka ʻōpala, ka ʻōpala, ka ʻoma, ka pipi, ka pepa, zucchini, turnip, swede, ʻihi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻalo i nā momona o ka momona, ua waiwai nā lau i nā mea pono laʻala o nā mea nui a me nā huaora.

ʻO nā kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka palaoa huakaʻi, nā cereals, a me nā legumes (beans, chickpeas, pī). Akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me nā mea maikaʻi i loko o kahi huaʻai o nā huaora a me nā minela. No ka laʻana, nā huaʻai a me nā kēkele huaʻai.

I kahi kūpono, kūpono ia eʻai i nā meaʻai me ka wai momona GI kiʻekiʻe, akā me ka nui o nā mea waiwai pono. No ka laʻana, ka meli, nā hua maloʻo.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu i ke kumumanaʻo "ʻO ke kuleana o nā mea kālaiʻai i ke kino o ke kanaka", makemake wau e nānā i kēia aʻe. ʻO ka mea mua, mai pale i nā kalama ma ka meaʻai. No ka hiki ʻole o ka nele o nā mea laʻa e hiki ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka pale o ka ʻai (wikiwiki) māmā i ka hōʻole ʻana iā lākou. ʻAe, paʻakikī (hōʻemi) nā kalaka i nā meaʻai i mea nui o ke kino olakino. Akā ʻoi mau momona kalaiwa (ʻo kā lākou kumuwaiwai pono) i mea nui i ka meaʻai.

He aha nā kākā: ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka biology

Mai ke kula kula i ka kemala kūmole, ʻike mākou he ʻano kāmala ka pakanikua i nā mea ākea pālahalaha nui i ke kūlohelohe a he mea nui i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kalaiwa māmā:
Monosaccharides - glucose, fructose a me galactose,
ʻO nā disaccharides, e pili ana i ka sucrose, lactose a me nā maltose, nā molekōne e kū ana nā ʻelua monosaccharides.

Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia pūʻulu o nā mea laʻa e kau i nā mea ʻē aʻe me kahi ʻōnaehana ʻoi loa.
Ia manawa i loko o ke kino kanaka, nā mea kalaiwa ma lalo o ka hana o nā enzyme kūikawā e hana i kahi kaʻina hydrolysis, decomposing i monosaccharides. Hoʻopili koke ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana maʻalahi i ka papa o ka kalaiwa e ke kino o ke kanaka, e hana ana me he mea lawe ikaika i hāʻawi ʻia i ka ikehu i nā pūpū o ko mākou kino.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, kahi mamao loa kēia mai nā kumu o ka mea i kālai a i ke kō aʻe, pili lākou i nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole. He aha lā hoʻi ka insidiousness o nā kalepona maʻalahi?
Ua ʻike paha ʻoe ma hope o nā sweets ʻoe e makemake hou i nā sweets i kekahi manawa? Hana kēia no ka mea ke komo kekahi o nā kalaiwa māmā i ke kino, e piʻi koke ana ka nui o ke kōpaʻa koko. Eia naʻe, ke emi wikiwiki nei kekahi. No laila, hoʻomaka ke kino e koi i kahi ʻāpana hou o ka mau leora māmā.

He aha kā lākou mea nui?

ʻO nā molekle pālea hāpana paʻa nā kaulahao lōʻihi, kahi e hoʻopalike ai nā hono a pau nā monosaccharides.ʻO nā hōʻiliʻili paʻakikī o nā kumu kanu ((a he polysaccharides), ua papahele ʻia e:
Mōʻī
Hewa
Pectin.
Eia kekahi, nā mea i hoʻohuiʻia i loko o ke kino o kekahi mau holoholona (chitin) a me ka glycogen, ka "holoholona" polysaccharide, nā mea kanu i waiho ʻia i loko o nā sela o ke kino, ka hana ʻana i kahi mālama o ke "wahie", he mau kapehu.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano kalapika i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka ma ke ʻano he mea lawe i ka ʻikepili, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ke kōpili o ka nui o nā kalama. ʻO nā molekole loa lōʻihi, ka nui o nā hono, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokele koke i ka "hoʻokaʻawale ʻia", pono e hoʻolilo ke kino i kekahi manawa e hoʻohiki iā lākou, i ka manawa a mākou e ʻole ai e pōloli.
Heʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kau nei nā ʻano o nā ʻano laikini paʻakikī i nā wikiwiki like ʻole: ʻoi iho ke kīpē nui ʻia ʻana me ke kīpē, akā hoʻonui ʻia ka cellulose i kahi ʻano like ʻole.

Pākuʻi liʻiliʻi - nā kumu hana kumu

No laila, pono ke kalaiʻa, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka ikehu a hāʻawi i ka 70% o ka nui o ka ikehu. ʻOiaiʻo ke kaʻina o ka hōʻiliʻili o nā paʻū ka paʻakikī, akā me ka meaʻai kūpono, ʻaʻohe mea hopohopo e mākou: ʻoiai ʻo ka manawa ke hoʻolako ʻia he "wahie", ʻaʻole mākou i hopohopo no ka nāwaliwali a me ka luhi. ʻO ka hoʻonui nui o ka glucose i mea e hoʻololi ai i ke kino i nā hoʻoliʻaka paʻakikī, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā polysaccharide holoholona - glycogen.

Hana ʻo Glycogen i kumu nui a kumu ʻole paha o ka ikehu, ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e ke kino ke kaohi ʻana i ke kō koko.

Aia ka mau mea kanu Glycogen i loko o nā ʻili o nā puʻupuʻu, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā ʻiʻo. Ke hoʻohana nei ke kino i nā glucose a pau e hele mai me ka meaʻai, ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka glycogen ma ke kino e lilo i ka "ʻai aʻa." Me ia, me ka metabolism maikaʻi, ke kino, ʻo ia ka mea paʻakikī loa i hoʻokō ʻia e ka lawelawe ponoʻī, e mālama i kahi kaulike ma waena o nā mea ʻai i kālai ʻia, hoʻolako glycogen a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu o ke kino.

Inā loaʻa i ke kino ka nui o ka lako glycogen, akā e hoʻomau ka hana, aia ka momona o ka nui o ka glucose i loko o nā momona momona a hana i nā waiho momona momona.
Akā he aha ka mea inā e holo ke kino i nā hale kūʻai glycogen a pau, ʻaʻole mākou e hāʻawi i nā kākoli hou? I kēia hihia, e lilo nā momona a me ka ʻili o ko mākou kino i ke kumu o ka ikehu.

ʻO ka hiki i ke kino ke hoʻohana i ka mālama momona e like me ke kumu o ka ikehu i hoʻokumu i ke kumu o nā kaila "protein" e kuhikuhi ana i ka paʻa ʻana o nā kao momona ma ke ahiahi. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā glycogen āpau, e lilo ka kino i ka nui o ka momona o ka momona.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma ke ʻano he hopena, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia me nā ʻāpana o ke kino e loaʻa ʻole ai ka nui o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā lako.

ʻAuhea kahi i hoʻopau ʻia ai nā ʻikekini paʻakikī

ʻAʻole hāʻawi wale ʻia nā kalaiwa iā mākou me ka ikehu, ke komo nei lākou i ka hoʻokō i nā hana plastik o ke kino. ʻO nā kalekona māmā e hoʻoiho ʻia mai ka wāwahi ʻana o polysaccharides i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pūnao protein - glycoproteins. ʻO kēia mau ʻano like ʻole o nā hāmeʻa, nā hāmeʻa, nā kaila koko, nā ʻāpana o nā membran cell, a me nā mea'ē aʻe e pono ai no ka launa pū ʻana o nā pū me ke kūkulu ʻana o ka pale o ka pale.
Hoʻopili ia, me ke komo ʻana o nā kalapona, ua lawe ʻia nā kaʻina e hoʻoponopono i ka hana o nā ʻōnaehana o ka nūnū, ka hana o ke ʻōnaehana kaila a me ka pono o ka lolo.

Eia nō naʻe, no ka hana maʻamau o ko mākou kino, ʻaʻole nā ​​momona wale nō, ke kau ʻia e ke kino, akā, he cellulose hoʻi, e haʻalele ana i ke kino, ʻaʻole i loli. Hoʻokomo i ka meaʻai momona ʻaiʻala i ka ʻiʻo o ka ʻiʻo a hoʻopaʻa i ka manawa pau.
No laila, he pono nui ka hana ʻana o nā kalapona paʻakikī i loko o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia ka mea pono e lilo i mea nui i kā mākou papaʻai. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kālaiā. Akā, ʻo ka palena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe glycemic index (kahi hōʻailona o ka nui o ka wā hōʻemi o nā kālaki) he hana maoli loa ia. I waena o kēia mau huahana ko ka confectionery, sweets, rice a me ka berena keʻokeʻo.

ʻO nā hana nui o nā haʻalehu, nā mea pono e pono ai i ke kino

1. Kālā hana.
   ʻO ka hana nui o nā kalapika i ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO lākou ka kumu nui o ke ikehu no nā ʻano hana a pau i loko o nā pūpū. I ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā pale, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka ikehu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka wela a i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā molekī ATP. Hāʻawi ka mau huapalapala i ka 50-60% o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lā a pau i ke kino a me nā manawa a pau o ke ikehu i ka uha (a hoʻokomo ka lolo i ka 70% o ka glucose i huna ʻia e ka ʻāʻī). I ka wā o ka hōʻemiʻana o 1 g o nā kaū o ke kinikona, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka 17.6 kJ E like me ke kumu no ka ikehu nui i loko o ke kino, hoʻohana ʻia ka glucose a mālama ʻia paha i nā mea kālai ʻia i ke ʻano o ka glycogen.
2. Hana (hana) paʻa.
   Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā kalaiwaola (ribose, deoxyribose) i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ADP, ATP a me nā nucleotides ʻē aʻe, a me nā kinikinika. ʻO lākou kekahi mau o nā huina. ʻO nā kalekona pilikino he mau mahele kūloko o nā membrane cell. ʻO nā huahana hoʻololi loea (glucuronic acid, glucosamine, etc.) he ʻāpana o ka polysaccharides a me nā ʻōnaehana paʻakikī o ka cartilage a me nā ʻili ʻē aʻe.
3. Kikowaena hana.
   Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kūmekorone i ka pūpū mālamalama (a hiki i 2%), nūpepa a me nā kino ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka glycogen. Me ka meaʻai maikaʻi, a hiki i ka 10% o ka glycogen ke hōʻuluʻulu i ka ate, a ma lalo o nā kūlana pōpilikia, hiki i kāna haʻawina ke emi i ka 0.2% o ka nui o ka ate.
4. Nā hana palekana.
   ʻO nā huamona kalapona he mahele o nā mea o ka ʻōnaehana o ke kinipona, nā mucopolysaccharides i ʻike ʻia i nā membrane mucous e uhi ana i ka ʻaoʻao o nā kīʻaha o ka ihu, bronchi, digestive tract, genitourinary tract a pale aku e pale mai i ka lilo ʻana o nā huakini a me nā puʻupaʻa, a mai ka hōʻino kino ʻana.
5. Hānā lawelawe.
   ʻO lākou ka māhele o ka membrane receptors o glycoproteins. Hoʻokomo ka carbohydrates i ka hoʻoponopono pono ʻana i ka pume osmotic i ke kino. No laila, aia ka koko i ka 100-110 mg /% glucose, ka osmotic kahe koko e hilinaʻi i ka paʻa o ka glucose. ʻAʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ka mea maʻi mai ka meaʻai (hoʻokaʻawale) i loko o ka ʻōpū, akā e hoʻopuka ana i ka ʻōpū o ka wahī, nā enzymes i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana o ka digestive, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā mea kanu.

ʻO nā huaʻehā nā mahele nui a me nā ʻano aʻe o nā puana.

Nā hui huaʻamala

• Haʻalele (māmā) nā kākeka
  ʻElua mauʻano o ke kō: nā monosaccharides a me nā disaccharides. ʻO nā Monosaccharides i hoʻokahi hui ka kō, e like me ka glucose, fructose a galactose. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka disaccharides e ke koena o ʻelua mau monosaccharides a hōʻike ʻia, koʻikoʻi, ma ka sucrose (ka papa ʻāina maʻamau) a me ka lactose. E hoʻonui koke i ke kō koko a loaʻa iā lākou kahi index glycemic kiʻekiʻe.
• Pāʻaneʻe paʻakikī (lohi)
  ʻO nā polysaccharides nā huina i loaʻa i ʻekolu mau aʻe a ʻoi aku nā molekika liʻiliʻi. Kēia ʻano kalaiʻu e komo me, ʻano, ka dextrins, starches, glycogens a me ka cellulose. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai polysaccharides ka cereals, legumes, pateta a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. E hoʻonui iki i ka glucose a loaʻa kahi haʻahaʻa glycemic haʻahaʻa.
• Non-digestible (fiber)
  ʻAʻole hāʻawi i ka momona (dietary fiber) i ke kino me ka ikehu, akā hoʻokani kahi waiwai nui i kona ola. Loaʻa ʻia ia ma nā mea kanu mea kanu me nā koena haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi a haʻahaʻa loa. Pono e hānai o ka lewa i ka hoʻopili o nā huapalapala, nā palaka a me nā momona (pono paha i lilo ka momona).ʻO ia kahi meaʻono i nā huakaʻi maikaʻi i nā huina a nā mea momona (microbiome)

Nā Monosaccharides

• Hoʻolau
  ʻO Monosaccharide, kahi mea ʻono kala kīnika o ke ʻono ʻono, loaʻa i ka aneane hao āpau.
• Kālā
  Aia ka gula maʻa ma ke aneʻi ʻo nā hua ono a me nā huaʻai, nā momona loa o ke kō.
• Galactose
  ʻAʻole hewa ia i nā mana manuahi, ma ke ʻano e hoʻopili ʻia me ka glucose, e hoʻohālike me ka lactose, ka waiū waiū.

Hoʻokawa ʻia

• Kūpono
  He disaccharide e loaʻa ana i ka hui pū ʻana o ka fructose a me ka glucose e loaʻa kahi solubility kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokahi i loko o ka ʻōpū, e wāwahi ʻia ia i loko o kēia mau ʻāpana, a laila i ʻaʻa ʻia i loko o ke koko.
• Lactose
  ʻO ka meli waiū, kahi kalapuna o ka hui disaccharide, aia i ka waiū a me nā huahana waiū.
• Maltosa
  Hoʻopili maikaʻi ke kōkoi malt e ke kino o ke kanaka. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ʻelua mau molekika glucose. Maltose e like me ka hopena o ka wāwahi i nā wīwī i ka wā o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana.

Hoʻolauleʻa

• Mōʻī
  ʻO ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kāpīpī i ka wai anuanu. ʻO Starch ka mea maʻamau i kā ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai a ke kanaka i loaʻa i nā meaʻai he nui.
• Howa
  ʻO nā kalapika kalapika, ʻo nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi. He ʻāpana o ka mea kanu mea kanu, ʻaʻole i ʻalo ʻia i ke kino o ke kanaka, akā e hana nui ana i nā hana koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻowalewale ʻana.
• Maltodextrin
  ʻO ka pauka o ke keʻokeʻo a i ʻole kaʻaila, me kahi ʻono ʻono, hoʻomau ʻia i ka wai. He huahana waena o ka paila hoʻoneʻe o ka enzymatic o ka mea kanu lāʻau, ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawale a nā pauku i ke kūpaʻa a me nā mele - dextrins.
• Glycogen
  ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā polysaccharide e nā koena glucose, ʻo ka pale kākoi nui, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe wale nō ma ke kino. ʻO Glycogen, hana i kahi papa o ka ikehu, hiki ke neʻe koke i ka wā e pono ai e hana hou no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pehu o ka glucose i ke kino o ke kanaka.

ʻO nā kumuwaiwai nui loa no ke kino

ʻO nā kumu kumu nui o nā hāmeʻa mai nā meaʻai nā: nā huaʻai, nā hua waina a me nā hua ʻē aʻe, mai nā mea kuke - ʻai, pasta, cereals, nā ʻulaʻula. Kūkulu ka mau kalapona i ke ʻano o ke kō a me ka hoʻohuihui ʻai. ʻO ka kalaiʻa maʻemaʻe. ʻO ka meli, e hilinaʻi ana i kona kumu, ke loaʻa ka 70-80% glucose a me ka fructose.

Pau nā kumu āpau no ke alakaʻi wale ʻana. Kahuna krok8.com

Hiki paha e hoʻolemi i ka laweʻana i nā momona?

I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meli maʻalahi a māmā paha, hoʻopau koke lākou i ke kino, a me nā momona a me nā huahana decay (nā toxins) e hoʻomaka i ka hōʻiliʻili. Mai mai ane mai, ʻaʻole nā ​​hiʻona o ka pōpilikia, akā e ʻōlelo pū kekahi me nā mea ʻala make aloha o kekahi. ʻO ka hemahema a me ka nāwaliwali, nausea a kala wale, hina ka pehu o ka hopena o kēlā ʻano meaʻai.

Ke ʻai ʻia nā polysaccharides, he mea maoli paha e nalowale i ka 6-7 kg, inā e hānai ʻia kekahi mau lula. Pono e nānā i ka hana pilikino, hoʻonui i ka ʻai calorie, ma muli o ke ʻano e hoʻopau ai nā momona. E nānā i ke kaʻina o nā kalapona, e pili ana i nā papa i me kahi kuhikuhi glycemic haʻahaʻa. ʻAʻole hoʻemi ʻia ka meaʻai: pono nā protein a me nā momona i nā hana kaʻina metabola. Aʻo ka helu calorie intake he 1600 kcal / lā.

E ho'āʻo e hahai i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• e hoʻohalike i nā mea momona me nā mololi "hoʻolōʻihi",
• nā hāpana i ka meaʻai me ka ʻāpana o 1⁄4,
• kalua ʻia ka meaʻai ʻia, kālua ʻia,
• hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka pōloli me kahi mea liʻiliʻi a hua ʻai paha.
• pono ke komo pinepine ka wai i ke kino, pono ʻoe e inu i ka nui,
• pāʻālua ʻia ma hope o 19 mau hola ʻaʻole ʻia.

Hoʻomaʻi pinepine nā mau Nutrist i ka hoʻoluhi momona, ʻai ʻana ma hope o 19 mau hola i lilo ʻole ia i kānāwai. Hoʻohui piha ʻia ka meaʻai ma mua o ka hiamoe. No laila, he mea pono e ʻike i ka nui o ka ʻu ʻana o ka meaʻai. Ke kīleʻa ʻana i ke kāʻei o ka gastrointestinal i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohuli, ka lua a me ka enzymatic. ʻO ka kaʻina hana kāpili kaila he 24 mau hola.Akā inā i ka pō ua ʻo ia ka papa o ka meaʻai i ka ʻai (aole, nā momona) a laila ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou hoʻomoʻi ʻana. Ma mua o ka hele ʻana e hele ai, pono a loaʻa ke ʻano ʻoluʻolu, a me ka kaumaha ʻole mai ka overeating.

Nui! ʻAʻohe mea e pono mau i ka pōloli. Pono e hoʻololi i ka māhele o ka meaʻai me nā meaʻai starchy. Me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kōlā "māmā", hoʻomaka ke kino i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana no ka nele o ka ikehu me nā momona hoʻopiʻi. Hoʻopau ʻia nā momona, a liʻiliʻi ka nui o ke kino.

ʻO nā kāmoli kūpono: Nā Pahuʻai

Pehea e hoʻohana ai i nā papa ʻaina huahana pelupena? Ma muli o nā hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ia mau mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka helu o nā kaloli a kamaʻilio me ka papa inoa o nā huahana i hoʻohana i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka makemake i nā mea kalapona i ka pāʻai (ʻaʻole makemake ke koho hou ʻana no ka polysaccharide).

Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka papa ʻaina i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā puhikuhū "lohi" no ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ka pulu ma nā hāpī I loko o kahi meaʻaiʻai piha, pono ka ʻāpana o kēia mau meaʻai.

He mea kūpono ke kūkulu i kāu papaena i ke ʻano e hoʻopau like i ka nui o nā huahana mai ka meaʻai. Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o nā huahana i ʻae ʻia a pāpā ʻia i ka papaʻaina.

Ke hana nei i kahi papa kuhikuhi pilikino, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma luna nei e hoʻokō i ka hopena e ʻae nei ʻoe. He mea nui ia e noʻonoʻo i nā kumu nui o ka mea maʻamau a kūpono hoʻi ke kūkulu i kahi meaʻai, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua o kahi mea ʻai.

Nā Palapala Kūʻai Kūʻai haʻahaʻa

Ke hoʻoponopono nei i ka meaʻai a me ke kaohi ʻana i nā hāmeʻa "hoʻolōʻihi", he mea nui ia e ʻike i kā lākou glycemic index (GI). He hōʻailona kēia o ka nui o ka hoʻokaʻawale a me ka assimilation o nā hoʻohui o nā ʻano'ʻokoʻa like ʻole. Ke hoʻonui nei ka awelika e hōʻike ana i ke koko koko kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku hoʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai me kahi kuhikuhi glycemic haʻahaʻa. Ma lalo iho nei kahi hoʻonohonoho kolikani i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka GI.

Me ka kaumaha o ke kino nui, ka momona, ka maʻi diabetes, kahi ʻano hana maʻalahi, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā huahana i ka papa o ka papaʻaina. Akā no kahi pūʻulu o nā musc o nā io, kahi e hoʻohuli i ka momona, me nā huahana ʻole ma lalo o ka papaʻaina me kahi GI kiʻekiʻe e hiki ʻole ke hana.

ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā huahana me nā hue "hoʻolōʻihi" i ka loli

No laila, he paʻakikī a maʻalahi nā paila. Inā mākou e hōʻike i nā mea paʻakikī i loko o ka papaʻai a hōʻemi i nā mea maʻalahi, a laila pono ʻoe e ʻike pono i nā meaʻai a lākou i loaʻa ai. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i nā pūʻulu.

ʻO ka hui mua e pili ana i nā cereals. No kaʻaina kakahiaka a me kaʻaina awakea, maikaʻi loa nā cereal cereal. Hāpai maikaʻi lākou no ka mea, he mau calorie lākou a ma ka manawa like ke loaʻa ka GI haʻahaʻa, kahi e hoʻemi ana i ka pae o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka momona. ʻO ka Buckwheat, ka pālolo, a me nā mea ʻohi i loaʻa i ia mau ʻano. Akā, ʻaʻole e hāʻawi ʻia nā cereals ʻoihana a me ka cereals i kēia pūʻulu (no ka laʻana, cereals koke ʻole a semolina).

ʻO ka huahana kākoi ka lua lua. Ke ʻōlelo nei mākou e pili ana i nā huahana o nā hua a pau. ʻO nā bun keʻokeʻo e pili ana i nā hāmeʻa "wikiwiki" a loaʻa kahi GI kiʻekiʻe. A pau ke hoʻopau ʻia, ʻike koke ʻia ka manaʻo o ka piha piha, akā nui ka nui o ke kō o ke koko. Kahi nā hua momona i hua ʻia mai nā palaoa wīwī. He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou i ka lā mua, no ka mea i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o lākou.

ʻO ka hui kolu ka mea kanu. ʻO lākou he mau polysaccharides nui, koʻikoʻi no ka fiber, no laila pono lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka maʻamau ka mea maʻamau i nā ʻano lau o kēia mau lau ʻai i hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. E lawe mai nā lau ʻōpala i nā pono nui, ʻoiai ma hope o ka kuke ʻana i kekahi mau mea pōmaikaʻi.

ʻO ka hui ʻehā i hui pū ʻia, nā mea nui o nā polysaccharides a me nā protein. ʻO nā kalapu kākākaʻikaʻa i kā lākou hui ʻana he mau meaʻai kai momona. ʻO ka maʻamau pinepine ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pī, nā pī, nā lentil. A ʻo ka ʻelima - kekahi o nā mea pono loa - greens.Ma kahi o nā haʻalika, he nui nā huaora, no laila pono mau lākou ma ka papa.

Nui! Pono ke kino o ka ʻai. Akā no kaʻeha kaumaha ʻaʻole hōʻeha i ka aʻo pehea e wikiwiki ai i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana. Hoʻololi wikiwiki ka ʻai ma ke komo ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻai me ka huaʻai.

ʻO Polysaccharides a me ka pōʻino o kā lākou hoʻonui nui

ʻO nā meaʻai, aia ka polysaccharide i kōkua i ka hōʻemi i ka nui o ke kiʻi, mālama i ke kino i ke ʻano maikaʻi. Akā lūlū nā nutristsists i ka makemake nui loa no lākou. ʻO ka paila ka hoʻopau ʻia o 3 g o kēia mau mea hoʻohui i ka kg o ka paona kino i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou i loko o kahi kumukūʻai nui, a laila hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hana o ka digestive ma muli o ke kaona momona kiʻekiʻe.

Nā ʻeha ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū, pupuna. ʻO nā kumu o ke ala ʻana i loko o nā ʻāpana o ka hopena no hoʻi ka nui o ka ʻai nui ʻana o nā meaʻai momona piha i hoʻokaʻawa ʻole ʻia akā e hoʻonāukiuki i ka paia o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i nā ala kohu gastrointestinal e pono e hoʻopaʻa i ka nui o nā mea kanuʻai i ka papa.

Nui! Nui nā koho meaola e loaʻa ana ma ka meaʻai me kahi mea laena ʻole iho, me kahi hoʻololi i nā meaʻai protein. Akā he pilikia kēia o ka olakino, no ka mea, ʻo ke kino e pono ai i kēia mau mea nui a ʻekolu e pono ai: nā protein, nā mea momona a me nā mea kākoki. ʻO ka hoʻopau pihaʻana o nā kalaka mai ka meaʻai e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana o ka metabolism a alakaʻi i nā hopena hopena ʻole.

I nā mea āpau, a i loko o ka hoʻonaʻauao, me ke kaukau ʻana, pono e pono ka manaʻo o ka pākuʻi. Huli ʻia e nā lālani hou a i ʻole he mea haipule ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole mākou e noʻonoʻo mau i ka mea o kēia hoʻoweliweli. ʻAʻole kahi hoʻokolohua i kahi papa hoʻāʻo. Eia kekahi, hoʻokahi wale nō kāu. No laila, e hoʻomau i ka pale ʻana i ka meaʻai, e kamaʻilio me nā mea lapaʻau a me nā kauka, ʻai me ka leʻaleʻa, a me nā maʻi e pale aku iā ʻoe.

ʻO ka ʻike hana ma mua o 7 mau makahiki.

Nā mākau loea: ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o ka ʻāpana gastrointestinal a me ka ʻōnaehana biliary.