He aha ka retinopathy i nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi? ʻO ka retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi pākahi: hōʻailona, mālama ʻia me nā kuʻuna o nā kānaka

ʻO ka Diabetes mellitus ke lilo i hoʻokahi o nā maʻi maʻamau. Hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia kahi maʻi i ke olakino ʻaʻole wale nō kekahi, akā ʻo ke keiki nō hoʻi. Hoʻohui like nā kauka i kēia ʻano me nā mea he nui e hiki ke hoʻopili i ke kūlana o ke kino kanaka o kēia wā: ke ʻano kūlohelohe, nā ʻano kaumaha a pau, nā kaumaha nui, hōʻemi i ka hana kino, noho lōʻihi a noho i kahi kūlana, kahi kūpono ʻole ʻole, a me ka pono kīnā ʻole maikaʻi.

No ke aha e kū ai ke ʻano o ka pathology, pehea e ulu ai?

Ma ka maʻi mellitus, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy he ʻano maʻamau loa ia i ka mōʻaukala lapaʻau. I nā mea maʻi he ʻumi, ʻeiwa ma hope o nā maʻi i hala. ʻO ka pōʻino o ka maʻi e waiho ana i kona wikiwiki wikiwiki a hoʻomau i ka papa asymptomatic. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i nā kumu āpau o ka retinopathy i hoʻokahi - ka maʻi diabetes. Kūpī nā ipu hou, e like me ko lākou mau aniani nā pā hale pālaha a paʻakikī hoʻi ma muli o ka pākuʻi. Me ka hemorrhage pinepine i loko o ka maka a me ka pao ʻana o nā kahakaha koko ʻaʻole paʻa, e ulu ka ulu ʻana o nā iwi fibrous, kahi mea i alakaʻi i ka makapō piha. Hōʻike kēia ʻano i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo hemophthalmus, akā hiki ʻole ke kapa ʻia ka kumu wale nō o ka nalo o ka ʻike.

ʻO nā hua ʻōlelo protein e kahe ana mai ka wai koko ma o nā moku hou i kūkulu ʻia, alakaʻi pū ʻia i ka makapō. Hoʻopili lākou i ke kaʻina o ka ʻalā o ka retina a me ka vitreous kino. ʻO ka hōʻino i ka kornea e alakaʻi i kahi kolohe i ka hoʻonaninaniʻana i ka nerve optic, kahi e hoʻonā ai i ka stratification o ka retina a ʻo ke kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o glaucoma o ke ʻano neovascular.

Nā maʻi hoʻohālikelike a me nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka pōʻino nui loa o ka maʻi ka lōʻihi o kona papa. Hōʻike pinepine nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy diabetic iā lākou iho i ka wā i manaʻo mua ai ka mea maʻi i ka ʻike maka, ke ʻano o nā wahi a me nā ʻalā i mua o kona mau maka. Ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka kornea, ua emi koke ka ʻike i loko, a me ka makapō i ke ʻano o nā mahina.

I mea e mālama ai i ka hiki ke ʻike, he mea koʻikoʻi ke nānā i nā hoʻololi i hiki i ke kino o nā loiloi i ka manawa. No ka laʻana, ma ka wā mua o ka retinopathy i loko o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, ua ʻike ʻia nā loli e like me kēia:

nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi pīhoihoi like ʻole.
ʻo ka heluhelu ʻana a me ka hana me nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e lilo i mea paʻakikī.
kahe ana i nā wahi pōkole
Ka huʻu ʻana i ka ulu ʻana.

Hoʻopili ka edema Macular o ka retina i ke ola maʻamau o ka mea maʻi, ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana haʻahaʻa me nā lima kokoke. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā poʻe maʻi i ka hilahila ʻole i kēlā me kēia mau "hōʻailona", e hoʻopili ai i ko lākou helehelena i ka momona, ke anu, a me ka malaise maʻamau.

ʻO nā mea i hoʻonāukiuki i nā pilikia ʻike

ʻO ka retinopathy ʻo nā lā ma ka maʻi maʻa ʻaʻole ia he huaʻōlelo. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ka helu nui o nā mea maʻi e hōʻeha nei i ka hōʻemiʻana o ka insulin no ka manawa lōʻihi he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ka hōʻino i ka retina a me ka kornea. No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi me ka maʻi no ka maʻi ma mua o 10 mau makahiki, e hoʻomaopopo i ka nui loa o nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena iā ia iho: hoʻonui ka hopena o ka ʻike maka me kēlā me kēia makahiki o ka maʻi. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke kaʻina pili.

kūlia mau i ka hypertension maʻamau, kūʻai pinepine,
nā kuʻuna koko kiʻekiʻe nui,
renal a me ka nele ole,
hoʻonui i nā kolamu a me nā lipids,
ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pae o ka mauʻu ma ka momona visceral,
nā hana kūlohelohe i ka metabolism kūlohelohe,
predisposition hoʻoilina
hapai a me lactation,
ka inu ʻona a me ka ulaula, ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano kino.

Diagnosis o retinopathy

No ka mālama maʻamau ʻana i ke kō o ke koko, ʻo ka hoʻonui nui aʻe ka kumu nui no ka holomua o ka retinopathy, ua lawa ia e hahai i kahi meaʻai me ka lawe i nā lāʻau kākoʻo i ka manawa. ʻO kekahi o nā mea paʻakikī vitamin-mineral e loaʻa ana nā mea pono āpau pono no ka acuity kikoʻī e hoʻolālā ʻia no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻokolokolo maʻamau e ka poʻe loea, hoʻoponopono ikaika loa i nā hana pale a pau a me nā ʻōkuhi e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i nā kaʻina pathological e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hanana o retinopathy.

Ke huli ʻana i nā kauka i ka hopena o ka emi ʻana o ka acuity ʻike ma ka diabetes mellitus, pono e hoʻomākaukau no kahi maʻi maʻi. Ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana me ka mālama ʻana o ka maʻi, pono ke loiloi loiloi i ka hilinaʻi o ka hopena i ʻōlelo ʻia. E hōʻoia me nā hopena o nā kaʻina noiʻi. Ma ka retinopathy diabetic, hoʻomanawanui ka poʻe maʻi i kahi loiloi piha kahi:

ʻO Lomometry - e hoʻohana ana i ka papa ʻaina kūikawā e loiloi i ke ʻano ʻike.
perimetry - ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kihi nānā o nā maka ʻelua o ka mea maʻi a me kēlā me kēia ʻokoʻa i ke kuapo ʻana o ka lesion o ka kornea (ʻo kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻike liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka maʻamau e hōʻike ana i ke kuʻina ʻana o kahi maka).
ka biomicroscopy o nā paia o ka aniani o nā kūmole - kahi maʻi maʻi maʻamau ʻole keʻike no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā loina o ka retina a me ka kornea, pili i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui o ka haki.
diaphanoscopy - kahi noiʻina kikoʻī o nā kumu hoʻoneʻe o ka kornea, ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka maka, ka hopena o ka kū a me ka ʻole o nā neoplasms,
ophthalmoscopy - kahi ʻike o ka waihona kālā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi aniani ophthalmic kūikawā.

Me ka uha nui ʻana o ka kornea, ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻāpana lepa, ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka nānā ʻana no ka mea maʻi. No laila, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i nā manawa kūpono o nā kino o ka ʻike i ka maʻi mellitus no ka ʻae ʻana ʻaʻole wale e ʻike i ka pathology i kahi hoʻomaka, akā no ka hoʻomaka ʻana ka hana kūpono. Pono ka retinopathy Diabetic i kahi neʻe pilikino a me nā poʻe loea.

ʻO wai ka mea e hoʻopā aku e mālama i ka maʻi?

ʻOiai ka ʻike ʻana i ka nānā ʻana a me ka pōʻino o ka ulū he lua, hoʻomau mau ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ke kō koko koko ma ke ʻano mua o ka maʻi. Ka nānā 'ia ana o ka hana o ka hana ʻana a me ke kaʻe o ke koko he mea koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana o ka retinopathy. Ma kahi o ka ophthalmologist, e loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka kōkua ʻoihana mai nā kumuhana o nā loea pākiki pili liʻiliʻi - he endocrinologist, he mea maʻi maʻi a me ka cardiologist. E kōkua nā mea kūkākūkā nui i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hoʻolālā mālama a mālama i ka palena o nā pae glucose, e ʻike ai i ka regimen therapy insulin e kūpono loa i kahi hihia kūkaʻi.

Hoʻolālā laser

ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana o ka maʻi laser ke ala maʻamau a me ka hopena e hoʻoponopono ai i ka retinopathy maʻi maʻi. He aha ia, manaʻo paha he nui nā manaʻo, akā naʻe, eia nō kēia ʻano o ke ʻano loiloi. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau laser no macular edema. ʻO ka hana o ke kaʻina hana he pale a hoʻopau paha i kahi neovascularization pathological. Kōkua a ka laser ke kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika i nā paia vascular, hoʻemi i ka hāmeʻe a me ka hopena o ka noho ʻana o ka retinalment. Me kēia ʻano hana, alualu ke kauka i kekahi mau pahuhopu:

luku ʻana i nā wahi a ka pōloli oxygen i nā kaila o ka retina a me ka korne - i nā wahi kūpono no ka ulu ʻana o nā moku i kūkulu ʻia,
ka maʻi ʻokoʻa me ka oxygen o nā retina e hele mai ana mai ka membrane o ke koko,
ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻōmole koʻikoʻi o nā moku hou.

Eia kekahi, hoʻoweliweli ʻo laser e nā ophthalmologists a me nā mea lapaʻau e pili ai i ka luku ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole.

piliona - coagulate e hoʻohana multilayer i loko o ke ʻano o ka hoʻopiʻi, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano loina maikaʻi loa i nā hoʻomaka mua o ka retinopathy a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka edular macular,
kuʻina - ma ka cauterizing microaneurysms, hemorrhages, nā wai (ma ke ala, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano ma mua o ka radiography o nā moku o ka retina),
panretinal - coagulants e pili i ka ʻāpana āpau o ka retina, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka ʻaha hana no ka pale ʻana i ka retinopathy o ke ʻano lua.

No ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka preproliferative a i ʻole ke ʻano proliferative o ka maʻi, ua hāhāhā ka laser a puni ka ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa o ka retina me ka ʻole e hoʻopā i kāna mau ʻāpana. Hoʻopili ʻia nā moku hou i lalo iho o ka irradiation laser focal. Ua koho ʻia kēia ʻano me ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, maikaʻi loa ia i nā hoʻomaka mua o ka maʻi a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka makapō i kahi nui o nā hihia lapaʻau. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka edema macular e kūʻē i ka maʻi diabetes mellitus, pili ka ʻili laser i ke kikowaena o ka retina. I ʻole hiki ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka hopena therapeutic, ʻoiai ka hopena o ka lapaʻau e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e ka maikaʻi o ka mea maʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia i nā hui o ka ʻike - vitrectomy

ʻO ka retinopathy nui o ka maʻi mellitus type 2 ke mālama pinepine ʻia e ka vitrectomy. Ke hoʻoholo nei nā kauka i ka hoʻoholo e hoʻopili wale i nā hihia i kahi maʻi i ka hemorrhage intraocular ākea. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, he wahi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ʻo ka haʻalele koke ʻana i nā māhina koko mai ke ana o ka maka, nā wahi i uhi ʻia o ke kino vitreous a i kona hina ʻana, kahi pū wai wai. Ke lawe ʻia nei ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā kaula fibrovascular mai ka retina i ka la holo piha ʻana, a inā he hiki, e pili ana i ka membo hyaloid ma ka kua, kokoke i ka vitreous ka hopena. Ma ka hoʻopauʻana i kēia ʻāpana o ka pauna, hiki i ka poʻe loea ke pani i ka holomua o ka maʻi retinopathy maʻi.

He aha ka vitrectomy, a me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i ka maʻi, i wehewehe ʻia ma luna, a laila pono mākou e noʻonoʻo e noʻonoʻo i ka maʻi conservative. Ma ke ala, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka retinopathy diabetic a hiki i kēia lā ke kumu o nā kūkā wela loa. ʻAʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hiki ke ho'ōki i nā kaʻina pathological o ka hōʻemi o ke kōkuhi ʻike maka, a me ka kūpono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau kūʻokoʻa i mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomōhulu ʻana o ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi mau poʻe ophthalmologists i ke aʻo ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hana hoʻokō.

Hoʻomākaukau hoʻomākaukau o ka maka

Ma ka retinopathy maʻi maʻi (e like me ICD 10 - H36.0), ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e pani ana i kēia manawa a pale i nā hōʻeha hou o ka maka retina.

ʻO "Taufon" he antioxidant e kōkua ana e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻina metabola i loko o ke ʻano o ka eyeball.
"Antocyan Forte" - hāʻule ka vasoconstrictor, ʻo ka hana e manaʻo nei e hoʻemi i ka vascular permeability.
"Emoxipin" - kolo mau maka, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ka prophylaxis o retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi mellitus.

Eia kekahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko i nā kiko kiko me ke kōkua o nā polokalamu physiotherapeutic. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo kekahi o nā mea kaulana e hōʻike pono ana i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻo ka mea pono ʻo Sidorenko Glasses, i hui pū me ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano waiho ʻana: phonophoresis, infrasound, color therapy a me ka pneumatic massage. ʻO ka hopena o ke mālama ʻana, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua nui loa ia i nā mea āpau.

Me ka bruising i hoʻolaha ʻia, hoʻolele ʻia ka hoʻomālamalama intravitreal o nā mea hoʻihoʻi ma ka Gemaza a me ka Lidaza hoʻomākaukau. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e poina ka mea i nā lāʻau e hiki ai i hoʻokahi haneli mau pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi diabetes mellitus. I ka nui o nā ʻāina hoʻomohala, ke hana ʻia ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā maʻi me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka pae o ke kō koko kōkuhi o ka mea maʻi.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole palau ka poʻe noiʻi; ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻimi i nā lāʻau pono. ʻOiai he kūpono ʻole nā mea e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka retinopathy a me ka hemophthalmos e nā mea kākau kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei i nā ophthalmologists e pili i nā mea pili i kēia kuhikuhi ke hoʻohiki.

Nā maʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi

ʻO ka ho'ōla me ka maʻi e like me ka retinopathy he paʻakikī a mamao loa i kahi hana hiki. I mea e pani ai i ke kaʻina pili me ke makapō ʻana i ka mea ʻike, he mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka mea mua loa, e hui aku i ka ophthalmologist a hoʻomā ma kahi hōʻike. Mahalo i nā mea ʻenehana loea i kēia wā, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka loiloi ʻana i ka kūlana o nā lālā o ka ʻike, no laila, e hoʻoholo ana i ke koho ʻana o kahi keʻena ophthalmological no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia olakino, he mea nui ia e hana i kahi ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. He mea pono ke mālama i ka lāʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ke kikowaena ophthalmological wale nō, akā ʻo kona inoa pono ʻia, nā loiloi o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā lawelawe lapaʻau.

Me ka maʻi diabetes a me ka retinopathy, hiki i nā hōʻeha ke like me ka cataract a me ka glaucoma kūkaʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu no ka poʻe maʻi me kahi maʻi maʻi, nānā loea i ka endocrinologist a me kahi mea ophthalmologist. Eia kekahi, ma ka hapanui o nā maʻi kulekele me ka hiki ke loaʻa i nā kōkua olakino kōkua, hiki i ka pale ke loiloi i ka retinal a me nā koikoi koko mai ka komo ʻana i ka kino vitreous, ka mea hiki ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka pohō. Eia nō naʻe, aia ka mea maʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa ʻaʻole e ʻike inā he aha - ka retinopathy diabetic. Pale kona pale ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ʻelua mau lula nui: ka mālama mau ʻana i ke kō o ke koko a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaʻe koko maʻamau.

ʻO ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi ma ka hihio

I nā poʻe olakino, e hūnā ka pancreas i ka insulin e hoʻololi i ka glucose, nā protein a me nā hāmeʻa. Hōʻike ʻia ka Diabetes mellitus i ka ʻole o ka pau ʻole o ka insulin a ʻoki ʻole, a i ʻole a i ka pale ʻana i kēia mākeke. I ka manawa hoʻohui pū kēia mau kumu i hoʻokahi mea maʻi. ʻO ke ala maʻalahi e hoʻopiʻi ai i kahi maʻi ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko mai ka manamana lima.

No ka mea ke hoʻohana ʻia ka insulin e halihali i ka glucose, i ka wā e nalo ai, e hoʻopau ʻia e ka ʻōpala e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻāhi ʻia ke koko. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka kō i koi ʻole ʻia e kapa ʻia ʻo hyperglycemia. Aia kahi hōʻino koʻikoʻi i ka hana a ka hopena o nā hana. ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi, e ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā maʻi vascular. ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi, ka hopena o ka like me ke ʻano o ka insulin a me ke ʻano e ola i ka manawa a pehea e hōʻike ʻia ai nā hoʻopiʻi.

ʻO ka Hyperglycemia kahi mea pono no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka retinopathy, ʻoiai he mea koʻikoʻi nā metabolism kūpono no ka hana maʻamau o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike. No kēia kumu, nui nā maʻi endocrine e paʻakikī e nā maʻi maʻi ophthalmic. ʻO ka retinopathy he hōʻike i ka microangiopathy i ka wā o ka pailima o nā moku liʻiliʻi (capillaries) o ka retina i hoʻopiʻi ʻia. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā hoʻopiʻi like ʻana i ka poʻe i noho lōʻihi me ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka retinopathy kahi hoʻopiʻi weliweli e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes, ʻoiai ʻo 90% o nā mea maʻi me ka ʻano mua ma hope o nā makahiki 15-20 o ka maʻi he mau hōʻailona ʻano.ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻomaka ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana ʻike i nā makahiki 5-10. Me ka hoʻokolohua kūpono i ka manawa, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy a hiki i ka wā mua, no laila, pono nā maʻi āpau āpau e kipa aku i kahi ophthalmologist ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua o ka makahiki.

Pehea e ulu ai ka retinopathy diabetes?

Ka momona glucose, ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi, ke alakaʻi nei i kahi hana hoʻokūkū paʻakikī. Hoʻokomo koke ka Glucose i ka hopena kūlohelohe inā ʻoi aku kona koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka pākaukau. ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi aʻe o ke kō ma ke kumu o ke kino ke waiho ia ka glucose.

Hoʻopili ka Glucose i nā protein, hoʻololi i ko lākou kūkulu a me nā hana maʻamau. E luku ana nā ʻōmole Glycosylated i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko, e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā platelets, hoʻonui i ka mea huna o endothelin. ʻO ka halaʻole o ka hemostasis a me ka hypercoagulation, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā micombropical thrombi.
Hoʻohālikelike ka hopena oxidative i nā momona, nā protein a hoʻonui i ka glucose, e hoʻonāukiuki i ke kaumaha o ka oxidative. Hoʻonui nui ʻole ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻopuka manuahi, a ʻoi aku ka nui a me nā mea maʻi ʻawaʻawa.
Hoʻopili i ka'ōpū intracellular, e like me ka sorbitol a me ka fructose e waiho i loko o ka endothelium. Hoʻokumu ka huhū, hoʻopili ʻia ka pūpū me ka glycolipid o nā membran me ke kūleʻa, nā palupalu capillary.
ʻO ka waiwai o nā hoʻololi o ke koko: ka hui pū ʻana o nā platelets a me nā ʻāpana koko hoʻulaʻa, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā māka koko mikroskopika, kahe hele ʻana mai o ka oxygen. A ke hopena, ulu ka retinal hypoxia.

ʻO ka pōʻino o ka maʻi maʻi ma ka maʻi maʻi e pili pū me ka hyperglycemia a me ka hoʻonaninani glucose. Hoʻ hoʻonāukiuki kēia i ka hoʻonaninani oxidative, hoʻomehana nui o nā radical manuahi a hoʻopau i nā huahana hyperglycemic. ʻO nā maʻi ʻawaʻawa, nā mea kanu e hoʻouna i nā mea hoʻowalewale i nā moku, make. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai, hoʻopaʻa a hoʻonui ʻia i nā capillaries.

Ma o ka endothelium o nā capillaries a me nā pericytes, lawe ʻia ka cellular metabolism. Ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pericytes, lilo nā kīʻaha koko i mea haʻahaʻa a hoʻōla ʻia nā wai o loko o nā kaila ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi paʻakikī ikaika, hana ʻia nā moku a kūkulu ʻia nā microaneurysms.

Stage Diabetic Retinopathy

ʻO nā mea nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā maʻi ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā paia o nā capillaries, ke ʻano o ka microthrombi a me ka komo ʻana o nā moku retinal. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano mau hewa ʻole āpau ma ka waihona kālā, hōʻeuʻeu nā transcapillary, ischemia a me ka wīwī o ka oxygen retinal e hoʻoponopono ai.

Ma ke ʻano palaka 1, i ka mea a ke kanaka e hilinaʻi nei i nā inikini insulin, hoʻoulu wikiwiki ʻo ka retinopathy. I kēlā mau maʻi, e maʻi pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ma kahi ʻano i mālama ʻole ʻia. I ka lua o ka maʻi (hilinaʻi i loko o insulin), ua hoʻokano ʻia nā hoʻololi i ka macula, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ke kikowaena o ka retina. ʻO ka pinepine he hoʻopiʻi o ka retinopathy ʻo maculopathy.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka retinopathy:

Nonololapa. Hoʻokomo i ka aneurysms microscopic, hemorrhages, edema, foci o ka exudation i loko o ka retina. ʻO nā ʻōpū o nā hemorrhages (he pōʻai a heʻeleʻele a i ʻole ma ke ʻano o nā ʻōkaka) aia ma ka waena a i ʻole ka lau hohonu o ka retina. He palupalu a exudate, keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha ma ke kala, me kahi palena i ʻole a smeared paha, aia ma ke kikowaena. Hōʻike ʻia ka puka non-proliferative e ka macular edema. I ka papa mua, ʻaʻole e pohō ka hihiʻo. Hōʻike ʻia ka retinopathy Non-proliferative e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻi me ka ʻike nui.
Hoʻopuka. Aia nā anomalies microvascular, he nui o ka exudate o nā ʻano like ʻole, a me nā hemorrhages retinal nui.
Kumupua. Neovascularization o ka optic disc a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka retina, hemophthalmus, foci e pili ana i ka iwi fibrous. ʻO nā kapillaries hou he palupalu, kahi e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka hemorrhages. ʻOi paha ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka vitreoretinal hoʻopaʻapaʻa me ka detachment o hope iho. ʻO Neovascularization o ka iris e hoʻoiho i ka glaucoma lua. Hōʻike ʻia ka puka proliferative e ka ʻike maka nui.

ʻO ka hoʻololi mai kahi kuʻuna-proliferative a i ka puka proliferative hiki ke hele mai i loko o kahi mau mahina i kahi ʻōpiopio me ka hyperglycemia. ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hūnā ʻana i ka hana ʻike maka is macular edema (hōʻino i ka waena o ka retina). Ma hope nā puka e pōʻino no ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike ma muli o ka hemorrhages, ka retinal detachment a i ʻole glaucoma koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ke kiʻi haukaʻi o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o retinopathy

Ke holomua nui nei ʻo Retinopathy, ʻoiai i ka puka kiʻekiʻe hiki ke kiʻi ʻia. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka pilikia ma ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi mellitus, nā pae glucose a me nā hōʻailona maʻi koko. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka retinopathy i ka wā hāpai, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i nā pae gula maʻamau.

Kūlana preproliferative

ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o nā hōʻailona e kū nei ma ka hana mua.
ka hoʻopalapili ʻana o nā veins retinal,
nā ʻōpū subretinal a me nā preretinal hemorrhages,
hemopaima,
maculopathy exudative,
ischemia a exudation i ka macula,
papillopathy maʻi maʻi me ka palu o ka wā o ka disc opt.

I ka laʻa preproliferative, he mea pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi loiloi loa no ka loiloi ischemic o ka retina. ʻIke ʻo Ischemia i ka holomua o ka maʻi, ka neʻe wikiwiki i kahi ʻano proliferative a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka neovascularization.

ʻO ke kiʻi haukapila o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa proliferative

neovascularization o ka retina a i ʻole nā optic nerve disc,
ʻūhā nunui,
Nā moʻolelo kumuhana.

ʻO nā hopena o ka retinopathy diabetic:

ka ʻōpiha ʻana (nā kuina o ke koko mai nā capillaries i luku ʻia ma nā wahi preretinal a me intravitreal),
traction detachment (kūloko mai ka vitreous) a i ʻole regmatogenous, kumu nui,
neovascularization o ka iris, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai i nā neʻe neovascular.

ʻO ka pae o ka hoʻonāukiuki optical i loko o ka retinopathy e hilinaʻi nui i ke kūlana o ka macula. ʻO kahi nāwaliwali o ka hana ʻike ke ʻano pono o ka maculopathy a me ischemia macular. Hiki i kahi hōʻeha koʻikoʻi (a hiki i ka makapō) ke hōʻeha me ka hemorrhage koʻikoʻi, retinal detachment a me glaucoma ma muli o neovascularization.

ʻO ka pōkō maʻi hōʻeha e kū mai ana ma muli o ke kuhi a i ʻole glaucoma. Hoʻololi ka cataract diabetic mai ka mea maʻamau ma ka hiki ke holo wikiwiki (a i hoʻokahi mau hola i ka manawa o ka pōpilikia). Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā manamana o kēia ʻano i kēia mau kaikamahine i nā kaikamahine a me nā kaikamahine. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla i ka cataract maʻi, ʻo ka maʻi ka maʻi biomicroscopy.

Neiaiwa glaucoma neʻe mai ka pōpoki o nā capillaries a me nā iwi fibrous ma ka iris a me ke kihi o ka māhele anterior o ka maka. Kūkulu ʻia nā hāmeʻa vaskular i kūkulu ʻia, hana i ka goniosynechia a hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka neʻe i ka neʻe. ʻO ka neʻe nezascular kahi hopena hoʻopiʻi maʻamau o ka retinopathy i mālama maikaʻi ʻia a hiki i ke ʻano ke nānā ʻia ʻole.

Hoʻomaopopo o ka Diabetic Retinopathy

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka pilikia o ka hihiʻo me ka maʻi diabetes. Kahi wale nō me ka hele ʻana o nā manawa e ʻike ʻia, no laila ke ʻike pinepine ka retinopathy i ka manawa proliferative. I ka pili ʻana o ka edema i ke kikowaena o ka retina, iʻike ʻia ka ʻike o ka hihiʻo. E lilo ia i paʻakikī no kekahi kanaka e heluhelu, kākau, ʻano, e hana me nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma kahi kokoke loa.

Me nā ʻōpū o ka maka, ʻike ʻia nā wahi kaʻe o ka pā o ka nānā, ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano o ka pākū. Ke wāwahi ʻia ka foci, nalowale nā wahi, akā ʻo ko lākou helehelena ke kumu koʻikoʻi e hoʻopili ai i kahi ophthalmologist. I ka manawa pinepine i ke kaʻina o ka hemorrhage i loko o ke kūlohelohe o ke kino vitreous i hoʻokumu ʻia, hoʻonāukiuki i ka detachment a me ka nalowale wikiwiki o ka ʻike.

ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo o nā lālā o ka hihio i ka maʻi diabetes

No ka wā lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka retinopathy diabetic ma kekahi ala, e hoʻopiʻi i ka maʻi a me ke koho o ka mālama ʻana. Ke mālama nei i kahi mea me ka maʻi maʻi, e wehewehe pono ka optometrist i ka lōʻihi a me ke ʻano o ka maʻi, ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka mālama ʻana, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi a me nā ala hou.

No ka pale aku, ke kuhikuhi ʻia ke kūkākūkā o kahi ophthalmologist no nā poʻe āpau i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi. Inā ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo mua i nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy, e hōʻike ʻia ana ka hōʻike hoʻokolohua hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke ʻike ʻia kahi puka non-proliferative, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i kēlā me kēia 6-8 mahina. Pono ke ʻano o ka preproliferative a me nā proliferative ke nānā aku i kēlā me kēia 3-4 mahina. Pono ke ʻano noiʻi hou ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka pono.

ʻO ka ʻike pinepine ʻia ka retinopathy i nā keiki ma lalo o 10 mau makahiki o ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai lākou i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. I ka wā hāpai, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua i kēlā me kēia trimester, a ināʻo ke keʻakeʻa, ka malama no 3 mahina.

He hoʻonohonoho o nā hoʻokolohua no ka retinopathy maʻi maʻi:

ka hoʻokolohua kikoʻī ʻike ʻike (i hiki ke nānā i ka hana o ke kikowaena o ka retina).
ophthalmoscopy pololei (nānā i ka ischemia retinal, ka ʻike ʻana i nā moku ponoʻole, microaneurysms, hemorrhages retinal, vein deformities),
biomicroscopy o ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka maka a me ke kino vitreous,
gonioscopy (nānā i ke kihi o ke keʻena o mua),
perimetry (ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻike kūloko, hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike peripheral),
tonometry (ka helu ʻana o ka maka o ka maka).

Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻike hou e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike i ka wā o ka angiography fluorescence o ka retina, optical coherence tomography, ultrasound, fluorophotometry, electroretinography. Inā pono, e hana i nā hoʻokolohua psychophysiological e nānā i ka nānā ʻana i ke kala, kūlike, hoʻohālikelike.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka retinopathy i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau i ka wā o ka angiography fluorescence. E like me nā hopena o kēia noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka pono no ka coagulation laser a me kahi palena ākea. Hiki i ka Angiography ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka maʻi maʻi a hiki i ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ischemia. No kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka holoʻokoʻa o ka waihona kālā.

Ke lapaʻau ʻana i nā moku nānā

Hoʻohana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi retinopathy maʻi i mea e hoʻoponopono pono i ka metabolism a e hōʻemi i nā maʻi hemocirculatory. E hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka physiotherapy. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo e hiki ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke pale a mālama ʻole i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou e like me ka hōʻike ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. Pili ka hopena holoʻokoʻa ma ka uku ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, nā hana maʻamau o ke koko a me ka metabolise lipid.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana ʻia no ka retinopathy diabetic:

i ka mea hoʻomehana o nā enzymes e hoʻohuli i ka angiotensin I i ka angiotensin II (Lisinopril),
ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana lipid metabolism (Lovastatin, Fluvastatin, Simvastatin, Fenofibrat),
nā lāʻau lapaʻau vasodilator, ʻae ʻole (Aspirin, Pentoxifylline),
antioxidants (vitamin E, Mexidol, Emoxipine, Sejarah)
thioctic acid ma mua o nā antioxidants (lipoic acid, Berlition, Espa-Lipon),
angioprotectors (ascorbic acid, rutoside, etamsylate, calcium dobesylate),
e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka metabolism kūloko (Retinalamin, Mildronate),
ke kāohi a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hemorrhage (Prourokinase, Fibrinolysin, Collagenase, Wobenzym),
glucocorticoids no ka mālamaʻana i ka maculopathy exudative (Triamcinolone),
nā angiogenesis blockers no ka lohi o neovascularization (Bevacizumab).

Hoʻohana ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi ma ka retinopathy diabetes

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Vitrectomy e mālama i ka kino vitreous, retina a me ka'āina macular. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻano ala no ka edema maʻi o ka macula, ka mea i hoʻonā ʻia e ka ʻāʻī ʻana. Kōkua ka Vitrectomy e hoʻopau i ka hemophthalmus lōʻihi a me ka detactment traction. Hoʻokomo ka hana i ka mahele ʻāpana a hoʻopau paha i ke kino vitreous a me kāna mea e kūlike ai me nā biomaterials kūpono.

Hana ʻia ka Vitrectomy e like me ka hoʻolālā, akā hiki nō ke hiki koke ke hoʻopili pū me ka pohihihi o ka retina a i ʻole ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka retinopathy. Hoʻokomo nā kauka i ka hiki ʻole ke kau i ka anesthesia, nā maʻi ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi, nā pilikia me ka coagulation koko, nā maʻi hōʻeha ma nā wahi maka.

Ke hoʻololi i ke kino vitreous, silicone, emulsions fluorocarbon, kuʻina o ka aila, hoʻohana ʻia nā hopena paʻakai. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻole ʻia e ka maka, mālama i kona ʻano maʻamau a hoʻoponopono i ka retina i kēlā me ke kūlana e pani ai i ka haʻalele. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻaila silicone kūpono, e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ana i ka mālamalama a aneane ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonāukiuki.

Inā piha ka lua i ka lewa, e ʻike ke kanaka i ka pale i mua o kona mau maka i ka manawa āpau i ka manawa. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, hoʻopiha ka luae vitreous i ka wai mai ka maka ponoʻī.

Polokalamu Ophthalmic Maikaʻi

ʻOiai no ka hiki ʻole o ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana mai ka maʻi diabetes, ʻike mau ka nānā ʻana i ka pale nui o ka retinopathy. Me nā maʻi 'āpau 1, pono ʻoe e kipa pinepine i ka oculist ma hope o 5 mau makahiki mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi. Ua nānā ʻia nā maʻi maʻi maʻi like 2 ma hope o ka hoʻākāka ʻana o ke ʻano maʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ophthalmological hohonu i ka papa hoʻonohonoho. Hoʻoholo ka ophthalmologist i ka nui o nā hōʻike no kēlā me kēia maʻi pākahi o ka maʻi ma hope o ka loiloi mua.

ʻO ka mālama kūpono ʻana i ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, a me nā mea i hoʻopiha ʻia, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy a kāpae i kona holomua. Pono ka mea maʻi e aʻo e mālama iā ia iho, e nānā i kahi papaʻai a me nā hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā, e hōʻike iā ia iho i ka hoʻoikaika kino pilikino, kāpae i ka ulaula, hoʻonui i ka pale i ke kaumaha. ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e pale ai i ka makapō a me nā pono.

ʻO ke ala wale nō e kāohi ai i ka retinopathy diabetes, ʻo ia ke hoʻohālikelike i ka hana metabolism. Pākuʻi ʻia nā mea pilikia i ke koko a me ka nephropathy diabetes. Pono e mālama ʻia kēia mau kūlana ma mua o ka maʻi diabetes.

Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka retinopathy diabetic he kulu o ka hyperglycemia. Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua nui ka poʻe loea i ka hopena o ka maʻi retinopathy diabetes, ʻaʻole ia he paʻakikī, akā he hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe no ka ʻike i ka maʻi ma ka hoʻomaka mua a i ka manawa e hoʻokō ai i ka mālama ʻana. Ua pau nā hana lapuwale e ʻike ʻia he mea pōʻino loa, no ka mea, ua hana ʻia ma mua kahi maʻi i ka wā i hele ʻia ai nā hōʻailona i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka dystrophy.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maka

ʻAʻole wale ka maʻi hoʻomanawanui i ka maʻi. Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e ma aneane 2025 e waiho ʻia kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi. Ua hōʻike mai nā kānakaʻepekema ʻo 300 miliona mau kānaka e maʻi i ka maʻi diabetes. A ʻo 5% kēia o ka heluna o ka honua.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi maʻi

I mea e pale ai i ka retinopathy i ka mellitus me ka hoʻomohala koke ʻana, pono ʻoe e ʻike pehea e pale ai i kēia. Pono kēia i kahi ʻike o ka hana o ka maʻi. ʻO ka manaʻo nui ka maʻi diabetes he hoʻonui i ka pae o ke kō koko koko o ka mea maʻi. I loko o kahi kanaka olakino, hoʻōla a ka pancreatic i ka hormone - insulin. ʻO ia kēia mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā kaʻina metabolic a ʻoi loa ka kō, ke kō a me ka momona.

I ka maʻiʻai, ʻaʻole i lawa ka insulin. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole wale nā kue i nā hua o ka metabolism. Ke piʻi nei ke kō. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea mālama i ke kino ma ke ʻano ke ʻano maʻamau.

ʻO ka hemahema o ka insulin e alakaʻi i ka hana momona o ka pehu, a me ka hōʻemi o ka kolamu. Hōʻiliʻili pinepine kēia mea i nā paia o nā moku koko a alakaʻi i nā hopena kaumaha. Ma ka maʻi mellitus, nā maka, nā ʻōpū, ka puʻuwai, ka ʻike ʻike, a me nā moku hoʻi i loaʻa i nā pae haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka ʻeha.

Ke hana ka retinopathy i ka maʻi diabetes

5-10 mau makahiki ma hope o nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻi, hoʻomohala kekahi kanaka i ka retinopathy diabetic. Me nā maʻi ʻano 1, e wikiwiki koke nei kēia ʻanoʻike.Hoʻopuka koke ka retinopathy a lilo i proliferative. Inā loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi 2 ka mea maʻi, a laila ʻike pinepine ʻia nā loli i ka palena nui o ka retina. ʻO ka pinepine, kūkulu ka maculopathy. ʻO ia, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he cystic a alakaʻi i ka hiolo i ka hihio waena.

No ke aha i hoʻomaka ai ke maʻi mellitus a me nā maʻi e pili ana?

Ua loaʻa i nā kumu kumu nui e hoʻomohala ai ka maʻi diabetes. Ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana hou o ka maʻi, hiki ke pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy. I waena o nā kumu nui:

Nā ʻilima
Henereri predisposition.
ʻO nā maʻi pancreatic e hoʻohewa ai i nā ʻōhua beta, e like me ke kanesa, pancreatitis, a pēlā aku.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi, e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka maʻi hepatitis, kumulima, rubella, a pēlā aku. ʻO kēlā mau maʻi, he mea like me kahi mea e hoʻowalewale ʻia i ka poʻe e pilikia ana.
Kumulepule i kahiʻeha.

Hiki ke hōʻike koke i ka retinopathy

ʻAʻole ʻike koke iā Retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi mellitus, no ka mea, e hoʻomau ʻia nā hana paʻakikī ma ke kino o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia nā maʻi ma hope o ka puka ʻana o kekahi mau hoʻopiʻi. Wahi a nā helu helu, loaʻa ka retinopathy i nā maʻi maʻi type 1 i ka kokoke o 99% o nā maʻi āpau.

ʻO kēia maʻi ka hoʻopiʻi nui loa. Hoʻokomo nui ka Retinopathy i nā moku i loaʻa i ka retina i ka pale kuʻi. Ua nānā ʻia nā ʻōmole ma mua o 90% o nā maʻi āpau me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui o kahi maʻi he hōʻopoʻo i ke ʻano ʻike a me ka hōʻino, ma muli o kahi mea e pani ai ke kanaka i ʻike maʻamau. Me ka maʻi maʻi, pinepine ka poʻe i hele makapō. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i nā hōʻailona mua o retinopathy. No kēia mea, he mea pono e hoʻomākaʻikaʻi ʻia e nā ophthalmologists.

ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike huakini

Hoʻonui ʻia kēia maʻi me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia. I nā wā mua, ʻaʻole ʻike ka mea maʻi i nā pilikia ʻike a ʻaʻole ʻike i ka emi o kāna hōʻemi. ʻIke ʻia ka retinopathy ma ka maʻi mellitus ma hope o ka hemorrhage e kū nei i loko o ka maka. I kēia manawa, aia ka pale e waiho mau ana i ka pale a me nā wahi papa pihi. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, nalowale loa kēia mau hōʻailona.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ka hemorrhage me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka trace no ka mea maʻi. Ma muli o kēlā kipi, hiki ʻole ke nalowale loa o ka ʻike. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i loko o ke kino vitreous, hoʻomaka nā kaula, e hiki ai iā ke hana i ka detinalment retinal.

Eia kekahi, e pili ana i ka keena o nā keʻena waena e kuleana ai ka hiki i ke kanaka ke heluhelu a nānā i nā mea liʻiliʻi. I kēlā mau kūlana, hoʻi hou ka pale i nā maka. ʻO ka heluhelu ʻana, e hana ana i nā hana ma kahi kokoke, a me ka lole ʻana hoʻi, ke hana ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ua aneane hiki ʻole ke hiki.

Ka helu ʻana o retinopathy

ʻO ka retinopathy Diabetic, ʻo nā hōʻailona o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, he mau ʻano like ʻole. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kēia maʻi ma 1992. Ua apono ʻia e ka World Health Organization. Kūpono ka helu ʻana o kēia. ʻO Retinopathy paha:

Hana ʻia ʻole. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano o nā hoʻololi pathological e hana ana i ka retina. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho, ma ke ʻano he lula, me ka hemorrhages, nā aneurysms mikroskopiko, ke ʻano o kahi ʻeleʻele a me ka pihi.
Hoʻopuka. ʻO kahi retinopathy like like i ka maʻi maʻi, kahi kiʻi e ʻike ʻia ma lalo nei, he mea maʻamau nui ia. He pale hakakā lākou a me nā hīnaʻi, kahi nui o nā exudates. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me kēia kuʻe, ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka nui o nā hemorrhages nui.
Kumupua. I kēia hihia, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo neovascularization o ka pā, ka mea i pili i ka nerve optic. I kēia hihia, puka mai nā hemorrhage vitreous. I ka hopena, nā fibrous tissue form i ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia. ʻO nā ipu i hana hou ʻia he palupalu a he mau pā umu loa. Aia ia ma ia mau mea e nānā ʻia ka hemorrhages. ʻO nā mau puka i kūkulu ʻia i loko o nā kahe o ka maka e alakaʻi pinepine i ka glaucoma kūleʻa.

ʻO nā papa o ka retinopathy

He aha ka retinopathy no ka maʻi maʻi? Hoʻoholo ʻia nā pae o kēia maʻi ma kā lākou mau hōʻailona ʻano. ʻEkolu mau manawa o ka maʻi.

Kahua maʻalahi. ʻO kēia manawa kaʻano o ka non-proliferative retinopathy. ʻO kēia ka pae mua o ka maʻi. I loko o kēia manawa, hoʻomohala ʻia nā microaneurysms - he mau mea kuhi manu kēia i ke ʻano o nā pōpō, aia i kūkulu ʻia ma loko o nā moku liʻiliʻi o ka retina.
ʻŌpū ʻōpū. Me ka holomua o ka maʻi, aia kahi pani o nā kīʻaha koko, e pono ai i nā meaʻai maʻamau o ka retina.
Hōʻike koʻikoʻi. Me kēia maʻi, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka nui o nā moku. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ke kahe koko ma ka retina. I kēia hōʻike, loaʻa i ke kino nā hōʻailona e pono ai ke hana i nā moku hou e hoʻomau hou i ka mālama kino.

Non-proliferative a proliferative retinopathy

ʻO ka retinopathy non-proliferative ma ka mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus e hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka aneurysm i ka paona waena. Hiki iā ia ke kokoke kokoke i nā veins nui e hele mai ana i nā ʻaoʻao o ka retina. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia ka fud exudative i loko o ka waihona kālā. E like me ke kānāwai, he māka a he melemele a iʻa paha lākou, a me nā palena fuzzy. Me kēlā mea maʻi, loaʻa i ka edema retinal ma ke kikowaena waena, a me ka ʻāina ma nā moku waena a me nā moku nui. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona ka hōʻailona nui o ka retinopathy non-proliferative ma ka maʻi mellitus.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi proliferative ʻo kēia ka maʻi hou o ka maʻi. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka retina i ka nui o ka pono, ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā ipu hou me nā pā anu a palupalu. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau mea maʻamau. Hoʻoulu kēia mau moku ma ka retina, a e uhi pū ʻia hoʻi i kahi hapa nui o ka vitreous i loko o ka maka. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou keʻike i ka ʻike kīnā ʻole, akā hāhā. ʻO kēia mau mea, e like me ke kānāwai, e kahe ana ke koko. Ma muli o kēia, hiki ke nānā ʻia kekahi ʻano pōʻino, he hopena koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka pinepine, alakaʻi ka maʻi i ka makapō piha.

Nā ʻōlelo ʻ Therlelo Kukūʻai

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Retinopathy me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me ke ʻano type type 1 ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole like i kā lākou mau hōʻailona. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla pono i ka maʻi me ka ʻole ʻoi ʻana me ka hoʻolana. Ma ke kānāwai, lawe ʻia ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ma kahi paʻakikī. Ma mua o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, pono e ʻike ʻia ka mea maʻi e nā optometrist wale nō, akā hoʻi e kahi endocrinologist. Inā ka maʻi ʻehā a i ʻole ke kolu o ka lā, a laila lawe aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole lawa. I kēia kūlana, pono ke kiʻi ʻana i ka photocoagulation laser i nā loina. ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa.

ʻO Retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi mellitus o nā maʻi, ʻo nā hōʻailona e hiki ke ʻike wale ana i ka hana hope loa, he maʻi paʻakikī. Hoʻopā ʻia ka Therapy me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka insulin insulin, a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka ʻai kūpono no ka mea maʻi. Lā ʻia ka mea maʻi e hoʻopau i nā momona nui o nā kumu holoholona. Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia lākou me nā huahana lāʻau. E hāʻalo aʻe i ka ʻai ma o ka ʻaiʻai. Me kēlā maʻi, he mea ʻino loa lākou.

Nā meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa retinopathy no ka maʻi ʻaina kahi hana paʻakikī e pono ai i ka hoʻomanawanui. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ia e hana i kahi meaʻai no ka mea maʻi. Hoʻomaopopo nā kaukaʻai i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā māhele lipotropic i mea pono no nā maka. E pono i ka papa o ka mea maʻi e kau i ka broccoli, blackcurrant, blueberries a me viburnum, nā mea wela a me nā momona, nā Brussels sprout, ka kale moana. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā meaʻai e like me ka ʻuala ʻōpala, nā huahana wai, nā momona, ka aʻa aʻa a pēlā aku i loko o ka meaʻai.

Eia kekahi, pono e lawe i nā hōʻuluʻulu huaola. Maikaʻi nui nā hoʻomākaukau o nā pūʻulu B no ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi maʻi. Hiki ke lawe ʻia iā lākou ʻaʻole wale i loko, akā pū kekahi.

ʻO ka huaʻai e like me E, P a me C i hopena maikaʻi i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko a he hopena palekana lākou. ʻO nā lāʻau hoʻōla maikaʻi o kaioprotective ʻo Doksium, Ditsinon, Anginin.

ʻO ka ʻae ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ʻia aku e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā poʻe loea. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ka hopena o ka retinopathy i ka maʻi diabetes. Pono kēia maʻi e nānā pinepine ʻia me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ophthalmological. Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e hana pinepine i nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i kāu kō koko.

Nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau

No laila, ʻo ka retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi ma ka maʻi maʻi, nā hōʻailona o ka mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā hana hope loa, he maʻi ka mea paʻakikī loa ka hoʻōla ʻana. Ma loko o ka haleʻai hiki ke kūʻai iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomākaukau no ka lāʻau. Eia ka papa inoa o nā mea kūpono loa:

"Tanakan." Ke kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Hana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau mai kahi mea kanu e like me ka ginkgo biloba. Lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka papaʻai ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā, hoʻokahi papa pā. ʻO ka papa ʻia a ma kahi he ʻekolu mahina.
Neurostrong. ʻO kēia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi. Hana ʻia ia mai nā mea he nui: blueberries, B huaora, ginkgo biloba a lecithin. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe o ke koko, e hāʻawi ana i nā puna me ka hanu maʻamau. Hoʻopiha kēia i ka pilikia o ka hemorrhage a me nā māka koko. Hāʻawi iā "Neurostrong" i 4 mau manawa i ka lā, hoʻokahi papa pā.
Dibikor. ʻO ka retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi mellitus i ka hala ma mua o ia lāʻau. Pehea e mālama ai i kahi maʻi me kahi hopena? E kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka hapalua o ka kalima a hiki i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā. E hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ma kahi o 20 mau minuke ma mua o ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi ʻaina. ʻO ke papa papa he 6 mau mahina. Hiki i ka mea hana ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka metabolism a me nā saturate tissue i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi.

Hōʻeha me ka maʻi

ʻO ka retinopathy i loko o ka maʻi mellitus type 2, ka mea e mālama ai i ka hopena o nā kānaka i ʻae ʻia, hiki i ka hopena ke hopena. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pale i nā maʻi. Inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia mai nā ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi a ma ke ala paha ke ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau aloe.

He kū hoʻokahi nō kēia mea kanu a hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā pilikia he nui. I mea e hoʻomākaukau ai i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe i aloe, nona ka makahiki ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki. Pono e nānā pono ʻia ka mea kanu a koho i nā lau olakino a me nā ʻiʻo. Pono ka holoi pono ʻia a hoʻopuni ʻia me ka pepa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i ka parchment. Pono e paʻa i nā huahana maka hopena no kekahi manawa ma lalo o ka pahu o ka pusa. I mea e kū pololei ai, e lawe ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi o nā lā he 12. I hope wale nō, hiki ke lau ʻia nā lau aloe. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea kālai ʻia a i mea ʻāwili paha.

Pono ka ʻoka hualoaʻa me ka wili. Pono e kānana ʻia ka wai me ka lole ʻaloka nui, a laila waiho ʻia ma ke ahi a lawe ʻia i kahi paʻu. ʻO ka hopena hopena e kulu ʻia no ʻekolu mau minuke.

E mālama i ka wai a pau no ka lōʻihi. Hoʻomaka koke nā lāʻau i nā waiwai. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kuke ma kēia ala ma mua o ka hoʻokipa ʻana. Pono ʻoe e lawe i ka wai aloe ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā no kahi tīpune hapalua hola ma mua o ka papaʻaina. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau i loko o nā maka. Pono ʻoe e hana i kēia i ka pō. Lō liʻiliʻi kekahi e waiho. Eia nō naʻe, i ka nānā ʻana i mea e pono ai e makaʻala. No ka lawe ʻana i kēlā ʻano maʻi me nā ʻae a ke kauka komo.

Nā huina a me nā waiʻona

Pehea e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai ka retinopathy no ka maʻi maʻi? Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ka hana me nā mea lapaʻau e mālama i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi, a me ke ʻano hoʻi no ka pale ʻana. Inā nui ka maʻi i ka papa mua, a laila hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke pani i kona hoʻomau. Ma nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia nā infusions manuam.

ʻO ke ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i kahi calendula i hoʻokumu ʻia. No ka hoʻomākaukau, pono ʻoe e kīpī i nā pua o kēia mea kanu a ninini i ka wai wela. ʻO ka hapalua o ka lita o ka wai wai e koi ai i ʻekolu mau punetēpapa o nā lako maka. Kūpī ʻia kahi pahu o ka mauʻu a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ʻekolu mau hola. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana paʻa. E lawe i ka infusion calendula a hiki i ʻehā mau lā no ka ½ kīʻaha. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau like ke hoʻolauna i nā maka.

ʻO kahi tincture e pili ana i nā blueberries he hopena maikaʻi nō hoʻi. No ka hoʻomākaukau i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e ninini i kahi kīʻaha o nā huaʻai i loko o kahi aniani o ka wai wai. E hoʻomoʻa ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau no hoʻokahi hola. Pono ka inu ʻana o ka huahana pau i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka wai mai nā hua like ʻole. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, loaʻa i kahi nui o nā mea kūpono pono. No ka pale ʻana i ka retinopathy me ka maʻi diabetes, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi inu i hanaʻia mai nā lingonberries. He mea koʻikoʻi ia e kōkua ana ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēlā me kēia lā i ka wai i ka hopena a hiki i ka carotenopathy ma ke kumu mua.

ʻOhi hōʻiliʻili

E hoʻopau i nā retinopathy i ka maʻi maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano uku. Inā makemake ʻia, hiki ke mākaukau pono kahi ʻano hana like ʻole. Eia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai no ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka maʻi hou.

No ka hoʻomākaukau e pono ai ʻoe: ʻo ka ʻalopohopo ʻōpala, ʻokiʻoki i lau, a me ka ʻōpala willow, bean leaf, knotweed, bearberry, nettle, walnut, Birch a me nā lau mint. Pono e lawe ʻia nā Components i nā kūlike like. I loko o kahi pahu hohonu, e hoʻohui i nā mea āpau o ka ʻohi, a laila e kāwili. Pono ka puna o kahi pālaʻi me ka hapalua o ka wai o ka wai hoʻolapalapa. Pono ke hoʻopau ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no hoʻokahi hola. Ma hope o kēlā, pono ʻoe e kānana iā ia. E hoʻohana i kēia hōʻiliʻili he hapalua paha aniani, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka papa ʻaina. ʻO ka papa hana ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3 mau mahina. E hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena inā e hoʻohana ʻoe i ka huahana me kahi haki ʻole. I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i ka mea retinopathy i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi. Mai poina e pono ke lawe ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā ʻano kuʻuna ʻole a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo ʻole. Inā ʻaʻole, hiki iā ia ke hana ʻino.