He aha ke kū'ē i ka insulin. Kāna mau hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana. Diet no ka kūʻē o ka insulin

ʻO ka paleʻana o ka insulin ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki o nā ʻili i ka hana o ka insulin, hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. I nā manawa mua, ʻaʻohe pale o ka insulin i ka maikaʻi o ke olakino, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi lihue ma kahi o ka hoʻololi o nā hōʻike hōʻike (koko).

Ke kūloheloheʻana i nā insulin: nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama. Diet no ka kūʻē o ka insulin

ʻO ka paleʻana i ka insulin he hoʻonā i nā pane kūlohelohe o nā kino kino i ka hana o ka insulin. ʻAʻole kahi mea nui e hele mai ka insulin, mai ka pancreas (endogenous) a mai nā injections (exogenous).

Hoʻokomo ka resistulin inulin i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻamau o ka type 2 wale nō, akā ʻo ka atherosclerosis, hōʻeuʻeu ka puʻuwai, a me ka make koke ma muli o ka moku i kahaka.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka insulin ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka metabolism (ʻaʻole wale nō ka momona, akā ke momona a me nā protein), a me nā kaʻina mitogen - ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana, ka hoʻopiʻi o nā pūpū, DNA synthesis, gene transcription.

ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka manaʻo o kēia mau ʻenehana i ka insulin i ka maʻi metabolism e hoʻonui ʻia ana a he nui ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes type 2. Hoʻopili pū kekahi me nā loli i ka hana o nā momona, nā palapa, ka hōʻike gen. I ka pilikino, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka insulin e alakaʻi i nā pilikia me nā cell endothelial e uhi nei i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko mai loko. Ma muli o kēia, ke kani nei ka lumen o nā moku, a holomua ka atherosclerosis.

Nā hōʻailona o ke kū'ē o ka insulin a me ke nānāʻana

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kānalua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka insulin e kū ʻole inā e ʻike kāu mau hōʻailona a me / a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻike i ʻike ʻoe i ka metabolic syndrome. Aia i ka:

• huanā ma ka hope (ʻōpū),
  
• ʻaina (ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko),
  
• hōʻike kino koko no ka cholesterol a me ka triglycerides,
  
• ka ʻike ʻana i ka protein ma ka pāʻai.
  

ʻO ka momona homdominal ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin. I ka lua o ka wahi a me ka anuʻu hypertension (kiʻekiʻe koko. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi, loaʻa i kahi kanaka i ka momona a me ke hypertension, akā ua hewa ke ʻano o ke koko no ka kolamu a me nā momona.

Ma ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ke kū'ē o insulin e hoʻohana ana i nā hoʻokolohua. No ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi like i ka insulin o ka plasma koko, a he maʻi maʻamau kēia. Ke ʻimi nei i ka ʻaina plasma wela, ke kū nei ka maʻamau mai 3 a 28 mcU / ml. Ināʻoi aku ka insulin i ka maʻamau ma ke koko wikiwiki, ʻo ia ka mea i loaʻa i ka hyperinsulinism.

Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka insulin i ke koko i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai ka pancreas i ka nui o ia mea i hiki ai ke hoʻopiʻi no ka pale ʻana i ka insulin i nā kiko. Hōʻike ka hopena o kēia hōʻike ma ka nui o ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi me ke ʻano maʻi type 2 a me / a me nā maʻi maʻi cardiovascular.

ʻO ke ala kūpono loa no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka kūleʻa o ka insulin i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pipi clins insulin. Hoʻokomo ia i ka hoʻomohala kūlohelohe o ka insulin a me ka glucose i nā hola 4-6. He hana paʻakikī kēia, a no laila maʻamau ka hoʻohana pinepineʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Hoʻopili lākou i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko no ka pae ʻana i ka plasma insulin.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ua loaʻa ka kū ʻana o ka insulin:

• 10% o nā kānaka a pau me ka pilikia ʻole.
  
• ma 58% o nā maʻi me ka hypertension (ke koko o ke koko ma luna o 160/95 mm Hg),
  
• i loko o 63% o ka poʻe me ka hyperuricemia (serum uric acid ʻoi aku ma mua o 416 μmol / l ma nā kāne a ma luna o 387 mol / l i nā wahine),
  
• i loko o ka 84% o nā poʻe me nā ʻaina koko kiʻekiʻe (triglycerides nui ma mua o 2.85 mmol / l),
  
• i 88% o nā poʻe me ka haʻahaʻa o ka cholesterol "maikaʻi" (ma lalo o 0.9 mmol / l i nā kāne a ma lalo o 1.0 mmol / l i nā wahine),
  
• i loko o ka 84% o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 2,
  
• 66% o ka poʻe me ka hoʻomanawanui i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose.
  

Ke lawe ʻoe i kahi hoʻāʻo koko no kolesterol - mai nānā i nā kolamu a pau, akā "ʻokoʻa" a "maikaʻi".

Pehea e hoʻoponopono ai ka insulin i ka metabolism

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, kahi molaki o ka insulin e hoʻopili ai i kāna mea ʻona ma ka ʻā o nā puʻupuʻu i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻiʻo, ka momona, a i ʻole a me nā iwi momona. Ma hope o kēia, autophosphorylation o ka mea nāna i hopu i ka insulin me ke komo ʻana o ke kinyr tyrosine a me kāna pili ʻana aʻe me ka substrate o ka receptor insulin 1 a i ʻole 2 (IRS-1 a me 2).

Nā molekula IRS, ma ka huli ʻana, hoʻolaʻa i ka phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka unuhi ʻana o GLUT-4. ʻO ia kahi mea lawe i ka glucose i loko o ka pūnaewele ma o ka membrane. Hāʻawi ʻia ia ʻano hana hana i ka hiki ʻana o ka metabolic (kaʻeha glucose, synthesis glycogen) a me nā hopena mologen (DNA synthes).

• Hoʻopuka ʻia ka huaʻai ʻana e nā aʻa o nā mākia, nā aʻa a me nā iwi adipose.
  
• Synthesis o glycogen i loko o ka ate (ka waihoʻana o ka "wikiwiki" glucose i mālama ʻia)
  
• ʻO ka hopu ʻana i nā waikawa amino e nā pūlima,
  
• Nā huina DNA
  
• Nā kāpili protein
  
• ʻO kaʻili momona momona
  
• Ke lawe ʻana i loko.
  

• Lipolysis (ka haki o ka kiko adipose me ke komo ʻana o nā momona momona i ke koko),
  
• ʻO Gluconeogenesis (hoʻololi i ka glycogen i loko o ka ate a me ka glucose i loko o ke koko),
  
• Apoptosis (hōʻino pālahalaha o nā pūnao).
  

Hoʻomaopopo i ka hana ʻana i ka insulin ke kahe ana o ka iwi adipose. ʻO ia ke kumu, inā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka pae o ka insulin i ke koko (ʻo ka hyperinsulinism kahi hanana pinepine me ka pale ʻana i ka insulin), a laila paʻakikī loa ka lilo ʻana o ka paona, aneane hiki ʻole.

Nā kumu genetic ke kū i ka insulin

ʻO ka paleʻana i ka insulin kahi pilikia o ka pakeneka nui o nā kānaka a pau. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei nā maʻi ia e nā ʻenehana i lilo i mea nui i ka wā o ka hoʻokalakupua. I ka makahiki 1962, ua hōʻano 'ole' ia ka palekana o ka insulin he mea ola i ka wā o ka pōloli lōʻihi. No ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi nei i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka momona i ke kino i nā manawa o ka nui o kaʻai.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻepekema ʻikepika i nā lā lōʻihi. ʻO ka poʻe lōʻihi e ola ana ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka kūlohelohe kūloko kūloko ʻōlima. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i nā kūlana o kēia wā, ʻo ka hana o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin e "hana" no ka ulu ʻana o ka momona, hypertension a me ka maʻi type 2.

Ua hōʻike nā noiʻi i nā maʻi me ka maʻi type type 2 i loaʻa nā maʻi genetic i ka hoʻoili hōʻailona ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka insulin me kā lākou mea i hopu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau hemahema postreceptor. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hōʻole ʻia ka unuhi ʻana o ka transporter glucose GLUT-4.

I nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi type 2, ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe e hāʻawi ai i ka metabolism o nā glucose a me nā lipids (nā ʻāpana). ʻO kēia nā genes no ka glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucokinase, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Inā loaʻa kekahi kanaka i ka predisposition genetic i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano type type 2, a laila hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia a ʻaʻole paha e hoʻolilo i ka metabolic syndrome a me ka maʻi diabetes. Aia nō i ke ʻano ola. ʻO nā mea koʻikoʻi ka mea nui i ka ʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana i nā haʻalulu (hoʻolioli a me ka palaoa), a me ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

He aha ka manaʻo o ka insulin i nā nui o nā ʻili kino

No ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi, ka naʻau o ka insulin e pili ana i ka pūpū a me ka kiko adipose, a me nā pūpuna o nā pona he mea nui loa. Akā aneʻa ka pae o ka pale ʻana o ka insulin i kēia mau kiko? I ka 1999, ua hōʻike i nā hoʻokolohua ʻaʻole.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ke kāohi i ka 50% o lipolysis (hōʻeha momona) i loko o ka kiko adipose, kahi lawa o ka insulin i ke koko ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mcED / ml. No ka 50% o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka glucose i loko o ke koko e ka maʻa, ma kahi o 30 mcED / ml o ka insulin i ke koko ua pono. A i mea e hoʻonui i ka haki nui o ka glucose e nā kikoʻī o ka maʻa ma o 50%, kahi paʻa o ka insulin i loko o ke koko o 100 mcED / ml a me ke kiʻekiʻe e pono ai.

Hoʻomaopopo mākou iā ʻoe ʻo ka lipolysis ka haki o ka kiko adipose. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hana o ka insulin i ka hana ʻana, e like me ka hana ʻana o ka glucose i ka ate. A keʻike nei ka ʻōlohelohe o kaʻumeka e ka insulin, i ka ʻokoʻa, ua hoʻonui ʻia. E hoʻomaopopo, ma ka type 2 diabetes mellitus, nā huaʻelima i hōʻike ʻia o ka ʻike nui o ka insulin i ka koko ua hoʻololi ʻia i ka pono, i.e., i ka piʻi ʻana o ka kū i ka insulin. Hoʻomaka kēia kaʻina hana ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana o ke kahu maʻi iā ia iho.

ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o nā ʻuhane o ke kino i ka insulin e emi ana ma muli o kahi predisposition genetic, a ʻo ka mea nui loa - ma muli o ke ola kino ʻole. I ka hopena, ma hope o nā makahiki he nui, pau ka pancreas i ke kūpaʻa i ka piʻo nui. A laila huli lākou i ka maʻi "type" maoli 2. He mea nui ka pōmaikaʻi loa i ka mea maʻi inā hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana i ka metabolic syndrome e like me ka mea hiki.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pale ʻana o ka insulin a me ka metabolic syndrome

E makaʻala ʻoe e pili ana ka pale ʻana o ka insulin i ka poʻe me nā pilikia olakino ʻaʻole ʻia me ka manaʻo o ka "metabolic syndrome". I kēia:

• polycystic ovary i ka wahine,
  
• uhaola hooulu pila
  
• nā maʻi ʻohi
  
• nā hoʻonā glucocorticoid.
  

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pale kūlohelohe i ka wā hāpai, a hala ma hope o ka hānau keiki. He ala ʻokoʻa hoʻi ia me ka makahiki. A e hilinaʻi ia i ke ʻano o ke ola a kahi ʻelemakule e alakaʻi ai, ʻo ia nō e hoʻoulu i nā ʻano maʻi maʻamau a me / a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia cardiovascular. Ma ka ʻatikala "Ma ka maʻi hānai ma nā ʻelemakule" ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻike maikaʻi loa.

ʻO ka paleʻana i ka insulin ke kumu o ka maʻi diabetes 2 type

Ma ke ʻano 2 diabetes mellitus, ka pale ʻana i ka lā o nā ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū o ka naʻau, ka pehu a me ka iwi adipose ka nui o ka nui o ka lāʻau nui. Ma muli o ka nalowale o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i ka insulin, ua emi iho ka glucose i ka "ʻā." I loko o ka pu, no ia kumu like, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka decompposation o ka glycogen i ka glucose (glycogenolysis), a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻina o ka glucose mai nā waikena amino a me nā "waiwai ʻona" (gluconeogenesis).

Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻonaninaniʻana o ka insulin adipose i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hopena antilipolytic nāwaliwali o ka insulin. I ka manawa mua, ua hōʻole ʻia kēia e ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hana insulin pancreatic. I nā papa hope o nā maʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka momona i ka glycerin a me nā momona momona i loaʻa. Akā i loko o kēia manawa, ʻaʻole e hoʻoluhi ke kaumaha i ka hauʻoli nui.

Hele nā ​​glycerin a me nā momona momona i loko o ke ate, kahi e kūleʻa ai nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa loa mai lākou. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻinoʻino i waiho ʻia ma nā paia o nā moku koko, a holomua ka atherosclerosis. ʻO ka nui o nā pulu o ka glucose, e kū mai ana ma muli o ka glycogenolysis a me ka gluconeogenesis, ke komo aku nei i ke kahe mai ke akea.

ʻO ka paleʻana o ka insulin a me nā hōʻailona o ka metabolic syndrome i ke kanaka e hoʻomohala i mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi mellitus. No ka mea, ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka pale o ka insulin i nā makahiki he nui e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka insulin e nā beta beta o ka pancreas. I kēlā kūlana, ua ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka insulin i loko o ke koko - hyperinsulinemia.

ʻO ka Hyperinsulinemia me ke kaila koko maʻamau he hōʻailona ia o ka kū ʻana o ka insulin a me kahi harbinger o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka maʻi type 2. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻole i hui nā pancreatic beta i nā ukana no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka kū i ka insulin. Hoʻopili lākou i ka emi a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka insulin, he nui ke kō me ke kō koko a me ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka mea mua, ʻeha ka 1st 1st o ka huna ʻona o ka insulin, i.e., kahi kaila wikiwiki i ka insulin i loko o ke koko i ka pane ʻana mai i kahi kīʻaha meaʻai. A ʻo ka basal (ʻili) ʻo ka huna ʻia o ka insulin e mau loa. Ke piʻi nei ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko koko, e hoʻonui kēia i ka hoʻonaninaki insulin a me ka pale ʻana i nā hana o nā pūlima beta i ka huna ʻana o ka insulin. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano hana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka paleʻana a me ka ikehu cardiovascular

Ua ʻike ʻia ma nā mea maʻi me ka diabetes type 2, hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano maʻi cardiovascular e nā manawa 3-4, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā poʻe me ka ʻole o ka maʻi pānaʻi. Ke koi aʻike nei nā poʻe ʻepekema a me nā mea lapaʻau i ka pale ʻana o ka insulin a, pū pū me ia, he pilikia koʻikoʻi loa ka hyperinsulinemia no ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka ʻeha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hilinaʻi kēia pilikia inā ua hāpai ka mea maʻi i ka maʻi diabetes a ʻole paha.

Mai ka 1980s, ua hōʻike nā noiʻi ua loaʻa ka insina i ka hopena atherogenic pololei ma nā paia o nā kahe koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu a me ka pilakē atherosclerotic a me ka hoʻopili ʻia o ka lumen o nā moku e holomua ma lalo o ka hana o ka insulin i ke koko e kahe ana ma o lākou.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Insulin i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā pūnao māhuahua o ka naʻau, ke kō ʻana o nā lipids ma loko o lākou, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o nā fibroblasts, ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana coagulation koko, a me nā kaola o ka hana fibrinolysis. No laila, ʻo ka hyperinsulinemia (ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka insulin i loko o ke koko ma muli o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin) he kumu nui ia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka atherosclerosis. Hōʻike koke kēia i ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o nā maʻi diabetes type 2 i ka mea maʻi.

Hōʻike nā haʻawina i kahi pilina pololei ma waena o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin a me nā mea pōpilikia no ka maʻi cardiovascular. Ke alakaʻi nei ka insulin i ka mea kūpono:

• hoonui ae i ka hanu,
  
• ua piʻo ke kaila kolamu a ke koko, a me nā pāpaʻi mai ka ʻano o ka "maikaʻi" kolesterol ma ka paia o nā kīʻaha koko,
  
• nui ka loli o ke koko i loko o nā moku,
  
• lilo ka pā o ka ʻili o ka carotid maʻa (ʻo ka lumen o ka pā kani ka pili).
  

Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia pilina paʻa i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka diabetes type 2 a me nā mea ʻole me ke ʻole.

Ho'ōla kino kūlohelohe

ʻO kahi ala e mālama ai i ka kū ʻana o ka insulin i nā manawa mua o ke ʻano maʻi type 2, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka ulu ʻana, ʻo ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kīpē e hoʻopau ai i nā kao i kāu mau meaʻai. ʻO ke kūpono, ʻaʻole kēia ke ala e mālama ai i ka kū ʻana o ka insulin, akā e hoʻokipa wale nō. ʻO kaʻai haʻahaʻa-liʻiliʻi me ka pale ʻana i ka insulin - pono e hoʻopili ʻia ia no ke ola.

Ma hope o nā lā 3-4 o kaʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin, ʻike ka hapanui o ka holomua o ko lākou mālama maikaʻi. Ma hope o nā hebedoma he 6 mau wiki, hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻo ka "maikaʻi" kolamu ma ke koko e piʻi a hāʻule ka "maikaʻi". A i ka pae o ka triglycerides i ke koko e hāʻule i ka maʻamau. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻemi iki ka hopena o ka atherosclerosis i mau manawa.

ʻAʻole he mau lāʻau lapaʻau maoli no ka pale ʻana i ka insulin. Ke hana nei nā loea i ka loiloi a me ka biology ma kēia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi i ke kū ʻana o ka insulin ma o ka hahai ʻana i ka ʻai haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e kāpae i ka ʻai ʻana i nā momona o ka hoʻoneʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻohi, ke kō, nā ʻeke a me nā huahana palaoa keʻokeʻo.

Me ka kū'ē o ka insulin, ʻo ka metformin (siofor, glucophage) e hāʻawi i nā hopena maikaʻi. Hoʻohana ia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ʻaʻole ia ma ia mea, a e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka mua e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā paila. Hoʻopau mākou i kēlā me kēia lā i ka lono i ka mālama ʻana i ka kūʻē o ka insulin. Hana nā genetics a me nā microbiology i nā hana mana maoli. A ke lana nei nā mana i loko o nā makahiki e hiki mai ana e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō hou i kēia pilikia. Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike mua, e kākau inoa i kā mākou newsletter, e kaʻawale.

He aha ka pilikia o ka kū'ē o ka insulin?

ʻOiai i ka poʻe me ka ʻole o nā loli nui i ka metabolism, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka insulin e hoʻonāukiuki i nā ʻōnaehana o ka wā kahiko, ʻike ʻia nō ia i kēia lā ua pili pū me nā pathologies cardiovascular koʻikoʻi a me nā hōʻeha pōpilikia (stroke, hōʻeha hōʻeha, hōʻeha o ka cerebrovascular, maʻi maʻi neuropathy, etc.).

He pālahalaha loa ka pale ʻana. I nā 10-15% o nā pākeke (ʻaʻohe maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi) hiki ke ʻike i ka manawa kūpono, me nā hoʻokolohua. A ʻo kēia ka hopena o nā tausani o ka poʻe ʻaʻole wale e ʻike e pili ana i ia mea, akā ke ʻike pū nei nō hoʻi nā mea i nā maʻi pōpilikia!

He mea ʻino paha ia he mea ʻino a hūnā ʻia ka maʻi olakino o ka olakino. hiki ke kānalua i ka mua o nā pilikia kūikawā o ka helehelena a me ka hana maikaʻi.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻo nā wahine a pau, ʻo nā wahine waena waena, ua maopopo i ka pilikia o ka momona. Aia ka manawa kahi e ulu pū ai nā pauna maoli me ke kino, aneane hiki ʻole ke nalowale iā lākou, ʻaʻohe kōkua kai make. A hana kēia i ka manaʻo e ʻoi loa ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōpū ma loko o ka ʻōpū - ʻo ia ke kumu e moʻo ai nā wahine he nui ka pau ʻana o ka hakahaka ma ka pūhaka, ʻūlū ʻana i ka paʻi, ʻaʻole ka hāʻawi nui i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. I ka manawa makahiki a ka ʻohi ʻana o ka kiko adipose i loko o ka ʻōpū (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, e like me ke ʻano waena) ʻelua mau mea koʻikoʻi e hoʻowalewale nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka kūʻē o ka insulin a kākoʻo i kona hoʻoikaika ʻana.

I nā wahine ma hope o 35 makahiki, like ʻole nā mea hemahema hormonal, i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi, akā e hoʻomohala i kahi "ʻino" i ke kino. ʻO nā hueʻe i loko o nā manaʻo o ka estrogen a me ka testosterone (a i ka manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka menopause), kahi hōʻemi i ka neʻe o nā hormone thyroid a hoʻonui i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā hormones stress - adrenaline, cortisol - pauku āpau i kēia ma ke ola kino. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili pinepine i nā pilikia e pili ana i kēlā me kēia: i ke kaumaha, hoʻonui nui i ka kolamu ma ke koko, ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i ke kūloʻo insulin ke hopena i kēia mau loli i ke kino, a me ko lākou hoa hilinaʻi.

Hāʻawi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke kūʻē o ka insulin maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi ʻole, nele i ka hoʻonaninani ʻana, ka meaʻai ʻai ʻai kai a laulā maikaʻi maikaʻi ka meaʻai. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke ala, hiki ke kīnā ʻia a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai: ʻaʻole i maikaʻi ke kino mai o lākou aku, a me ka "lawehala" - ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me nā paona i hoʻonui wale ʻia i ka manaʻo i ka pale ʻana i ka insulin.

Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana iā ia, a laila ma ke ola o kēlā me kēia ma ka liʻiliʻi he mau liʻiliʻi o nā mea maikaʻi hewa, a inā inā pilikia kekahi ma muli o ka lōʻihi a me ka koʻikoʻi (ʻaʻole ʻoe e lilo i ke kaupaona, hōʻemi mau ai ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ʻeha a me nā nāwaliwali), pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio i ke kauka a e wehewehe hāʻawi iā ia i kiʻi piha o kāna mau hōʻailona. Loaʻa pinepine i nā mea āpau kōkua wau i kahi endocrinologist a hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua (glucose, ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻolaʻomaʻi glucose, glycated hemoglobin, i kūlohelohe a inikini insulin etc.).

ʻO ka hana o ka insulin i ke kino

ʻO ka insulin ka mea koʻikoʻi ka haki nui i huna ʻia i ka pancreas, a ka wale hoke kino kino e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kahe o ka glucose i ke koko. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Insulin i ka nui o nā hopena kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana, ka mea e hoʻōla ai i ka hana o nā protein i loko o nā ʻōpū, kākoʻo i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā momona i loko o ka ate, akā, ʻo ia ka hopena hoʻoponopono e pili ana i ka glucose i kumu o kāna hana kūʻokoʻa.

He hilinaʻi nui nā ʻano he nui i loko o ke kino ma ke ʻano o ka insulin: ʻo ia ka mea, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo ka ʻiʻo a me ka momona momona (a me nā kino āpau ʻē aʻe), koe wale nō kekahi. Maanei, hana like ka insulin e like me ke kī - e wehe i kahi e ʻike ai i ka glucose i ka pū, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ikehu, a puhi ʻia. Inā haʻalele kēia hana i ka hana, lilo nā ʻāpana i ka insensitive insulin, e hoʻomohala Ke kū'ē i ka insulin.

Ua waiho ʻia nā nīnau

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi manawa hoʻokele a loaʻa ka ʻike kikoʻī ʻana mai nā loea loiloi o ke keʻena kūkākūkā ma ke kelepona:

Artemyeva Alla Anatolyevna

Kauka iʻa endocrinologist, kūlana kūlana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lālā o ka Ahahui Endocrinological Lūkini. Manaʻo 32 makahiki.

Maskaeva Valentina Olegovna

Nā kauka endocrinologist, ʻike hana hana 3 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā loiloi ultrasound o nā kelepa thyroid a me nā kinipona parathyroid

ʻO ka thyroid a me ka parathyroid biopsy ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana i ka ultrasound

Ke kū'ē i ka insulin - he aha ia ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi

Ke kūlohelohe ʻia - kahi hua'ōlelo e hōʻike ana i kahi hanana inā ʻaʻole pane pono nā cell o ke kino i ka hormone: insulin. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūpono kēia e alakaʻi i ka maʻi diabetes type 2, nā hoʻomaka mua o ka maʻi diabetes a me ka prediabetes.
Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pale o ka insulin i ka momona, akā hiki i ka poʻe me ka nui o ke kaumaha a me ka momona paha hiki ke mālama ʻia iā ia. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia ka kū ʻana o ka insulin i kēlā me kēia kanaka 4 i ka honua. A ma hope o kāu, ua ʻike ʻoe iā ʻoe i ka nui o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia e pili ana i kēia ʻikepili. No laila hiki i nā helu ke nui nā manawa a nui aʻe ... ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o nā hopena.

Ua hōʻoia nā noiʻi o kēia mau lā e hiki ke hoʻomālamalama ʻia ka pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana therapeutic e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka insulin i hana ʻia e ke kino iho, a loaʻa ʻia ma ka inikini insulin.

Hiki ke loaʻa i ka emi ʻana o ke kūleʻa o ka insulin me nā pahu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke ʻano.

ʻO ka hana o ka insulin ka mea e ʻae i nā sela o ke kino e lawe i ka glucose ka mea e hiki ke lilo i hope i ke ʻano ʻo "fuel" a i ʻole kahi mālama o nā momona subcutaneous. Ka mea hoʻi e hiki i ke glucose ke kūkulu i loko o ke koko, ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka nui o ke kō.

I ka lilo ʻana o ke kino i ka inikua, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e kū me kēia ma o ka hoʻa ʻana i ia me ka nui. ʻO ka poʻe nāna e hoʻomohala i kēia hānai e hana pinepine iā ia i nā mea nui aku ma mua o ka poʻe olakino.
ʻIke ʻia ka hana nui o ka insulin hyperinsulinemia.

Nā hōʻailona o ke kūloʻi Insulin

ʻO ke ʻano iho, e like me ia, ʻaʻohe ʻano hōʻailona a hallmarks paha. Hoʻomaka lākou e puka wale i ka kū ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka hopena i loko o nā hopena, e like me ke kaila koko kiʻekiʻe (hyperglycemia lōʻihi).

Ke loaʻa nei kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ua kau ʻia nā hōʻailona: ke kaumaha, ka pōloli, a i ʻole ka nui o ka makemake, paʻakikī ka paʻakikī, hiki ke kapa ʻia kekahi haunaele. Aia nā hōʻailona o ka hiamoe o ke ao, ʻoiai ma hope o ka ʻaina. ʻOi aku ka pinepine o kahi ʻino maikaʻi, hoʻoneʻe i ka hana.

ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe i hiki ke komo i ka papa kuhikuhi: ka nui o ka paona a me ke ʻano o ka momona i loko o ka ʻōpū, ka lemela hoʻi nui, ka hōʻino o ka ʻili (ke ʻano o nā acrochordones - ka polyps pinepine ka lau i ka wāwae ʻāʻī ma nā wahi o ka friction, ʻeleʻele o nā ʻili o ka ʻili - ka acanthosis ʻeleʻele, keratomas. nā papillomas, nā hemangiomas capillary - kiko hemorrhages ma ke kino), ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ke kolamu kiʻekiʻe.

Ke lilo nei ka pale ʻana i ka insulin i ka prediabetes a i ʻole type 2 ʻano maʻi, loaʻa nā hōʻailona: he piʻi o ka glucose o ke koko a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi diabetes 2 ʻano.

Nā kumu kumu o ke kūmole

ʻOiai ke ʻike mau nei nā kumu kumu i kū i ka insulin, ʻaʻole i ʻike maopopo nā kumu e alakaʻi ana i kona hoʻomohala ʻia.
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomohala ma lalo o kēia mau mea maikaʻi:

1. ʻO ka momona a me ke kau paha. Ke ʻoi aʻe ka hapa nui o ka ʻike kino kino i ke kolu o ka hapakolu, emi iki ka ʻiʻo o ka umauma me ka hapalua.
2. ʻO ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka hōkāʻana o ka metabolic.
3. Me nā kīʻaha he nui i nā kaloria, nā kālaki, a i ʻole holi. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻai i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka meaʻai me ka pelekikena, nā mea kanu, ka nui o ke kō.
4. He ʻano maʻalahi i ʻole ka hana o ka hana kino.
5. Me ka hana ikaika, lōʻihi ka manawa i lawe i nā steroid.
6. Me ka pīhoihoi mau, maʻamau ʻole o ka hiamoe.
7. Me nā maʻi Itsenko-Cush, acromegaly, ovary polycystic, kekahi mau māla kelepaʻi thyroid - hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis.
8. Ua hoʻomaopopo pū nā mea noiʻi he predisposition genetic.
9. ʻO nā maʻi i kēia manawa ma ke ʻano he cirrhosis ate, rheumatoid arthritis, kidney renal failed (ka hopena renal failed), hōʻeha puʻuwai, sepsis, nā wahi kuni nui, cachexia a me dystrophy i ke kanesa.

Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā mea āpau e hana i ke kino, ke kumu o ka kū ʻana o ka insulin, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i ʻike ʻia i nā poʻe maʻamau pinepine, me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka insulin i ko lākou koko, a he nui nō hoʻi ka momona o ka poholima a me ka pancreas.

ʻO ka nāwaliwali o ke kōkua ʻole, ka ʻelemakule, ka hānau ʻana, nā hōʻeha a me nā hōʻiliʻili o ke kaʻa ʻana, hiki nō hoʻi i ka ulaula ke kōkua i ka maʻi e ulu.

Nā hopena o ka insensitivity insulin

Hoʻopau ka hope o ka pancreas i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ukana nui a hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka nui o ka insulin e like me ka wā ma mua, a hoʻomohala kekahi kanaka i ka maʻi diabetes type 2.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hopena lōʻihi o ka insensitivity o ka insulin i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka momona hepatosis, cirrhosis ate, a hiki hoʻi i ke kanesa o kēia ʻōpū. Nā hōʻailona o ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o nā lalo haʻahaʻa, ke kuʻikiʻi ʻana o nā moku koko ma ka laulā, a me ka thrombosis e hōʻike wikiwiki ana iā lākou iho. A ma muli o ka hopena - ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka infarction myocardial a me ka hahau.

Hōʻike maʻi

ʻO ka paleʻana o ka insulin kahi mea e pane ʻole ai ke kino i ka insulin. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia i ka hōʻole ʻole e nānā i ka insulin e nā sela o ke kino. ʻO kēia kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o ka maʻi type 2.

ʻO ka pilikia o ke kū'ē o ka insulin ka mea e hoʻopilikia ai i ke kino ma mua o hoʻokahi ala.

Hāʻawi i ke kino e hana i ka nui o ka insulin, e alakaʻi ai i ka momona a me ke koko, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka paona. ʻAʻole ʻae ka Insulin i ka momona o ke kino e wāwahi, ʻo ia me ka pale ʻana o ka insulin he aneane hiki ʻole ke emi nui i ka paona a he mea paʻakikī paha, akā, ke ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻaina therapeutic).

ʻOiai ke maopopo ʻole o ke kumu o ka kū ʻana o ka insulin i ka maopopo, he maopopo no ka pilina ma waena o kona hoʻomohala a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka paona. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka kalakea i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pale o ka insulin

Hiki ke ʻano ʻia ka maʻi me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi anamnesis, e hōʻike ana i ka mua o ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis i nā hoahānau, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā maʻi diabetes gestational i ka wā hapai i ka wahine, ka hala ʻana ʻo UAC, ka mimi no ka hele ʻana o albumin (protein), kahi hoʻokaʻina koko biochemical, a ua hoʻoholo ʻia hoʻi ka pae o ka insulin. ma ka palena o 3-28 mcED / ml, ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei kekahi mau endocrinologist i kahi NORM maʻamau o 3-4 mcED / ml) a me C-peptide i ke koko.

ʻO ka NOMA IR hāmeʻa kūʻē i ka inika (ka la o ka wikiwiki o ka glucose i ka pae insulin) he makemake nō hoʻi no ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia moʻolelo hoʻolaha e pili ana i ka 2.7.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā maʻi, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka hemoglobin glycosylated, ʻike ʻia ke pae o ka triglycerides a me nā lipoproteins density kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻoholo ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu nui o ke kino, me nā hōʻailona ma luna o 25 (kg / m²), ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻolālā. He mea kūpono nō hoʻi e nānā pono ana i ka ʻili ʻo ka hope, maikaʻi paha inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 89 no nā wāhine, 102 cm no nā kāne.

Ho'ōla kino kūlohelohe

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻike ai ka lāʻau kuʻuna me ka aihue hypoglycemic (Metformin, Glucofage, Acarbose, Troglizaton). Hoʻopau ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi hypertension e ka lāʻau hoʻohaʻemi i ka lāʻau ʻana, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu - hoʻonoho ʻia nā lipid-hoʻemi haʻahaʻa.

ʻO nā mea āpau, e like me nā manawa āpau, no kēlā me kēia hōʻailona, ​​ʻo nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau he lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī, a heʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka mea hoʻokahi. Hoʻopau paha kēia i ka maʻi - ʻAʻole wau i ka manaʻo. ʻOiai he mea pono wau e hana i ka pilikia o ka hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻoponopono.

Hiki paha ke hōʻemi a hoʻohuli paha i ka maʻi

Aia aia kekahi ala e hōʻemi ai i kāna mau hopena a ʻo ka papa inoa kēia e papa inoa e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokō i kāu mea āu e makemake ai.

Ua komo nā ʻōlelo ikaika:

1. ʻO nā kīʻaha haʻahaʻa a me nā meaʻai ketogen.
2. ʻO nā kīʻaha haʻahaʻa loa kalo.
3. ʻO ka ʻai ʻona, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā haʻuki. ʻO ka hapalua hola o ka hana kino kino a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maoli paha e hoʻemi i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka glucose i ke koko me ka ʻole o ka wawa o nā insulin.
4. Mai nā lālani ponoʻī, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā blueberries, ʻo ka berry ʻo ia iho a me ka decoction o kona mau lau.
5. A me kahi hihia nui loa - ka hoʻemi kaumaha ʻana o ka momona - ka liposuction, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻohā like kēia mau ala i ia e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kino o ke kino no ka insulin a me ke kaumaha.

Meaʻai no ke kūlohelohe o insulin - nā meaʻai

Pono ke koho o nā huahana kālai ʻia me ke kōkuhala glycemic haʻahaʻa, nā protein a me nā huahana mea kanu e lanakila ma ka meaʻai.

Hāʻawi ka meaʻai i ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea starchy, nā kīʻaha momona a me ka palaoa, nā mea inu, ka palaka, ka laiki, ka waiū, ka paʻakai a me ka kō. Akā he mea momona loa nā mea kanu, inā hoʻi ka unsaturated Omega 3 i ke kino i kēia manawa.

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine nā Nutrist i ia mau mea i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka meaʻai me ka nui o ka aila ʻoliva, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi ʻia e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo, nā moa, nā iʻa kai a me nā kai iʻa, nā huahana waikā lactic, nā nati, nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole (flaxseed, chia), nā hua.

Manaʻo nā ʻano kumu ʻē aʻe, me ka holo ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka insulin, ua liʻiliʻi nā loli i loko o kaʻai, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kūlana hookeai wā ʻōlelo pōkole. 1-3 mau lā, a laila i hānai ʻia i nā lā me 3 mau meaʻai i ka lā, a me ka palaki ʻaʻa mau i ka 5-6 i ka lā (a e hoʻomehana i ka pae o ka insulin i loko o nā lā a pau ke ao).

Me kēlā papa hoʻonohonoho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kou naʻau i ka insulin i nā mahina 3-4, ʻo ka ʻai wale nō i ka lā piha me ka pāpā ʻana i nā kīaʻai wikiwiki - ke kō, ka ʻaila keʻokeʻo, ka laiki, ka meaʻai wikiwiki, ka pā. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā momona (ʻoi aku ka holoholona hihiu mua) a me nā protein, hoʻohui i ka nele o ka magnesium, zinc, chromium, vitamina D.

Me ka nele o ka chromium ma ke kino, ulu ka momona, i hoʻonui nui ʻia makemake no nā ʻoni ʻana, ua pili kēia mea hana i ke kō i loko o nā hana hoʻoliʻi. Hoʻemi ka Chromium i ka nui o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana metabolism. Aia i loko o nā kīʻaha, nā hazelnuts, moa keʻokeʻo, ʻūlū, ʻūpū pipi.

Me ke ala, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana momona mai ka ʻāʻī a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino, no ka mea ʻelua wale nō o ka lā e hookeʻo ai ke kino e huli i nā momona momona.

ʻO wai lā paʻakikī e pololi, ʻo ia ka koho o ka wā maʻamau e like me ka papa hana 16/8, ʻo ia hoʻi, 16 mau hola pōloli, no ka maʻi ʻana mai ka hola 18 a hiki i 10 i kakahiaka, mai 10 a kakahiaka a 18 paha - hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka ʻai 2 a 3 paha.