ʻO ka lāʻau Baeta: ka wehewehe a me nā loiloi

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Baeta no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō koko, exenatide, ua manaʻo ʻia he amidopeptide amino. Hoʻopilikia ka kino i ke kino ma ke ʻano he competin mimetic, pale i ka hapa ʻana o ka gastric, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā cell beta. Lapaʻau, lāʻau waiwai a me ke kumukūʻai e wehe ai i ka lāʻau mai ka insulin.

No nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes, kōkua ka exetat Baeta e hoʻokumu i ka mana glycemic. Ma muli o kēia mau hana hana:

1. Me ka nui o ka glucose i ka kahe koko, ua hoʻonui mua ka lāʻau i ka mea huna o ka glucose-hilinaʻi o ka glucose-insulin mai nā cell beta parenchyma.
2. Hoʻōki ka sekela i ka manawa ke hoʻomaka nei ka paʻakikī o ka glucose i ke koko.
3. I ka hana aʻe, hele hou nā heluhelu glucose.

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi type 2, nā mau minuke mua loa ma hope o ka hoʻokele subcutaneous o Baeta ʻaʻohe mea huna o ka insulin. Hoʻonui ʻo Exenatide a hoʻōla i nā lua o ka pane ʻana i ka insulin (ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes-2-non-insulin).

Me kēia ʻano o ka maʻi i ka manawa e hoʻokele ai i nā exenatide:

• ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻailona huna o ka hoʻōho o glucagon,
• pehi ʻia ka ʻōpū o ka puʻu,
• hoʻemi i ka momona.

Me ka hoʻokele subcutaneous i nā maʻi me ka maʻi mellitus, ua hoʻokomo koke ʻia ka exenatide a ua hōʻea kona piʻi ʻana ma hope o 2 mau hola. ʻO ka hapalua o ke ola hope loa he 24 mau hola, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole i pili i ka hapalua ola.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka kiʻekiʻe o Baeta ma hope o 10 mau hola ma hope o ke kū ʻia ʻana. Maikaʻi maoli, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka insulin.

ʻAʻole pono nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi o ka maʻi, nā palani a me nā poʻe ʻelemakule e komo i kahi hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono no Bayeta. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole o ka manaʻo o Exenatide e koi i ka helu ʻana o BMI.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mellitus type type 2 no ka therapy hou i:

• halihalani,
• metformin
• kalikei
• nā hui pūpū o ka ʻekahi wana, metformin a me kahi mea hoʻopuka,
• hui me thiazolidinedione a me metformin,
• a i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mana glycemic kūpono.

Ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana

Pēlā ʻo Bayeta ka subcutaneously i lawelawe ʻia i ka ʻūhā, ka pāpale a me ka ʻōpū paha. ʻO ka ʻōmua mua he 5 mcg. E komo i 2 mau lā i kahi lā e pili ana i ka hola 1 ma mua o ka ʻaina kakahiaka a me ka ʻaina ʻaina. Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā hoʻihoʻi ka mea maʻi no kekahi kumu no ke kaʻi ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, loli hou nā inikini. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina o ka mālama ʻana, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena mua o ka lāʻau i ka 10 mcg.

Me ka hoʻokolohua noho ʻana o Bayet me thiazolidinedione, metformin, a i ʻole hui pū ʻana me kēia mau lāʻau, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli i ka hopena mua o ka thiazolidinedione a i ke metformin.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka hui ʻana o Baeta me ka derivatives o sulfonylurea (i ka mea e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia), pono paha ʻoe e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka derivative o ka sulfonylurea.

Nā hiʻohiʻona noi

• pono e lawe ʻole ʻia ka lāʻau ma hope o ka ʻaina,
• ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka IM lāʻau a i ʻole ʻo IV.
• ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā maloʻo a i ʻole pohā ka hopena.
• ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokele ʻia ʻo Bayetu inā ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpala i nā hopena.
• e kū'ē i ke kua o ka lāʻau no ka exenatide, hiki i ka hoʻouluʻana o ka antibody.

Nui! I loko o nā maʻi he nui i hoʻoili ʻia ke kino e like me kēlā mau antibodies, ua ʻoki ka titer a ua noho haʻahaʻa ʻia no ka 82 mau pule ma ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana o ka therapy. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole e pili i ka hele ʻana o nā antibodies i nā ʻano a me ke pinepine o nā hopena pā i hōʻike ʻia.

Pono ke kauka e hele ana i ka mea maʻi me ko Bayeta e alakaʻi i ka nalo o ka makemake, a e like me ke kaumaha o ke kino. He kumukūʻai kūpono loa kēia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana.

I nā hoʻokolohua preclinical i hana ʻia ma nā kiʻi a me nā pōkole me ka hopena carcinogenic i ka wā i paʻi ʻia me ka waiwai exenatide, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia.

I ka helu ʻana o nā manawa o 128 i ka hoʻāʻo ʻia o ke kanaka ma nā isika, hōʻike ʻia nā rodents i ka nui o ka nui (me ka ʻole o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka malignancy) o ka adenomas C-cell thyroid.

Uaʻike nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i kēia mea me ka hoʻonui i ka ola o nā holoholona hoʻokolohua e loaʻa i ka exenatide. Kekahi luhi, akā naʻe, i hiki hewa nā luhi i ka hana iā ia. Kau lākou

• ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka pilikia,
• hoʻoulu serum,
• ka uluʻana o ka papa o ka pilikia a me ka paʻa ʻole o ka renal ʻole, e koi pinepine ai i ka hemodialysis.

ʻO kekahi o kēia mau hōʻike i ʻike ʻia i kēlā mau mea maʻi i lawe i hoʻokahi a keu aku paha i nā lāʻau like i ka manawa like e pili ana i ka metabolism wai, ka hana māka, a i nā loli pathological ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana me nā NSAIDs, ka ACE inhibitors, a me ka diuretics. Ke koho ʻana i ka hana maʻi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka mea i kī nui ai i ke kumu o nā hana pathological, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hana ʻōiwi i hoʻololi ʻia.

Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā haʻawina a me nā preclinical, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻo exenatide i nā hōʻike o kona nephrotoxicity pololei. E kūʻē i ke kua mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau Bayeta, ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia lohi o ka pancreatitis o ka maʻi.

E hoʻomaopopo: pono e ʻike nā mea maʻi i nā maʻi o ka maʻi pancreatitis maʻa. Ke kuhikuhi nei i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi, ua nānā ʻia kahi kala ʻana o ka hana ʻoi ʻana o ka pancreas.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana me ka ʻōlelo injera o Bayeta, pono e heluhelu ʻia ka mea maʻi i nā ʻōlelo pili i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka peni ʻiwauwa, hōʻike ʻia ke kumu ma laila.

Nā Hoʻohui

1. ʻO ka heleʻana o ka maʻi ketoacidosis maʻi.
2. ʻAno maʻi type 1.
3. Kahawai
4. ʻO ka heleʻana o nā maʻi maʻi gastrointestinal.
5. ʻO ka huehaleha hopena.
6. Haumakua.
7. He 18 makahiki.
8. Hypersensitivity i nā ʻāpana o ka lāʻau.

Hāpai a me nā pēpē

I kēia mau manawa ʻelua, ua hoʻomau ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ke ʻano kuhihewa i kēia loiloi paha i kiʻekiʻe loa. Ua ʻike ʻia he nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pūpū.

He makuahine nele ʻole a maopopo ʻole paha ke alakaʻi i nā kuhi fetal. Kokoke i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau i komo i ke kino o ke pēpē me ka waiū o ka makuahine, no laila e makaʻala kēia mau mahele o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Monotherapy

ʻO nā hopena ʻino maikaʻi i mālama ʻia i nā maʻi iʻoi aku ma mua o nā manawa i kākau ʻia penei:

Nā kūloko kūloko:

• Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka itching ma nā pūnaewele injection.
• Aobeā, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻū.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hāmeʻa o ka digestive, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻike like ʻole:

Hoʻopau pinepine ka ʻōnaehana kikowaena ma ka dizziness. Inā mākou e hoʻohālikelike i ka lāʻau Bayeta me ka pletebo, a laila piʻi ka nui o nā hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā maʻi hypoglycemia i ka lāʻau i wehewehe ʻia e 4%. ʻO ka mākaukau o nā episodone o ka hypoglycemia e hōʻike ʻia me ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi.

Hoʻohui hui

ʻO nā hanana pōʻino i nānā ʻia i nā poʻe maʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi me ka hui pū ʻana me nā like me ka monotherapy (e ʻike i ka papa i luna).

Pane ka ʻōnaehana o ka digestive:

1. Ka manawa pinepine: ka huhū o ka makemake, nilo, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻeha ʻana o ka maʻi, gastroesophageal reflux, dyspepsia.
2. ʻO ka maʻamau: ka hū a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, constipation, belching, flatulence.
3. Aele: maʻi pancreatitis.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka nausea o ka ikaika a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali. He kūpaʻa ia a hoʻemi ʻia ʻo ia iho i ka manawa me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hana i kēlā me kēia lā.

Pūnaehana pinepine ke kikowaena kikowaena me nā hōʻeha a me ka maʻi ʻole, ʻilihune me ka hiamoe.

Ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻoihana endocrine, nānā pinepine ʻia ka hypoglycemia inā e hui pū ʻia ka exenatide me nā derivatives o sulfonylurea. E pili ana i kēia, pono e nānā i nā dosis o nā derivatives o ka sulfonylurea a hōʻemi iā lākou me ka piʻi nui o ka hypoglycemia.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi hypoglycemic ma ka uluʻana ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka maʻalahi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pani i kēia mau hōʻike wale nō me ka hoʻohana waha ʻana i nā ʻaina. Ma ka ʻāpana o ka metabolism, i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau Bayeta, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka hyperhidrosis, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka dehydration e pili ana me ka hoʻopiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻaʻa.

Hoʻopilikia ka ʻōnaehana urinary i nā hihia paʻakikī, me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka aʻalolo a me ka pilikia ʻole.

Hōʻike nā hōʻike i nā hopena kūlohelohe ka lohi. Penei ka edema a i ʻole nā ​​anaphylactic hōʻike hōʻike.

Nā kūloko o ke kūloko i ka manawa o ka exenatide injection e pili ana i ka ʻohi, ka ʻulaʻula, a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia.

Aia nā loiloi o nā hihia o ka hoʻonui ʻia sedimentation erythrocyte (ESR). He hiki nō i kēia inā i hoʻohana pū ʻia ka escinate me ka warfarin. ʻO kēlā mau hōʻike e like me nā hihia līpona e hele pū ʻia me ke koko.

Basically, he ʻoluʻolu a maʻalahi hoʻi nā hopena o ka hopena, ka mea i ʻole e koi ai i ka hoʻohemo ʻana o ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO nā loiloi maʻamau a me ke kumukūʻai

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaehana poʻomanaʻo: drowsiness, dysgeusia.

ʻO ka maʻi Metabolic a me nā meaʻaiʻai: hoʻoulu loa - ke kaumaha nui e pili ana i ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ke dehydration.

Hōʻike nā hōʻike i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻole ka hopena anaphylactic.

Mai ka pūnaehana ʻana: flatulence, constipation, jarang - pancreatitis aʻa.

Mai ka ʻōnaehana urinary: nā loli i ka hana o ka kidney, hoʻonui i ke kālai ʻana o ka creatinine, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka renal, exacerbation o ka pohō ʻole.

Nā hopena dermatological: nā ʻili o ka ʻili, alopecia, ruam maculopapular, angioedema, urticaria.

Ua hoʻomaka ke kumukūʻai o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā mākeke o nā kōpona ma 2500r i kēlā me kēia uku.